equalities.ML

changed "." to "$" and Cons to infix "#" to eliminate ambiguity

(*  Title: 	HOL/equalities
    ID:         $Id$
    Author: 	Lawrence C Paulson, Cambridge University Computer Laboratory
    Copyright   1991  University of Cambridge

Equalities involving union, intersection, inclusion, etc.
*)

writeln"File HOL/equalities";

val eq_cs = set_cs addSIs [equalityI];

(** : **)

goal Set.thy "x ~: {}";
by(fast_tac set_cs 1);
val in_empty = result();

goal Set.thy "x : insert(y,A) = (x=y | x:A)";
by(fast_tac set_cs 1);
val in_insert = result();

(** insert **)

goal Set.thy "!!a. a:A ==> insert(a,A) = A";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val insert_absorb = result();

(** Image **)

goal Set.thy "f``{} = {}";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val image_empty = result();

goal Set.thy "f``insert(a,B) = insert(f(a), f``B)";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val image_insert = result();

(** Binary Intersection **)

goal Set.thy "A Int A = A";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Int_absorb = result();

goal Set.thy "A Int B  =  B Int A";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Int_commute = result();

goal Set.thy "(A Int B) Int C  =  A Int (B Int C)";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Int_assoc = result();

goal Set.thy "{} Int B = {}";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Int_empty_left = result();

goal Set.thy "A Int {} = {}";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Int_empty_right = result();

goal Set.thy "(A Un B) Int C  =  (A Int C) Un (B Int C)";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Int_Un_distrib = result();

goal Set.thy "(A<=B) = (A Int B = A)";
by (fast_tac (eq_cs addSEs [equalityE]) 1);
val subset_Int_eq = result();

(** Binary Union **)

goal Set.thy "A Un A = A";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Un_absorb = result();

goal Set.thy "A Un B  =  B Un A";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Un_commute = result();

goal Set.thy "(A Un B) Un C  =  A Un (B Un C)";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Un_assoc = result();

goal Set.thy "{} Un B = B";
by(fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Un_empty_left = result();

goal Set.thy "A Un {} = A";
by(fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Un_empty_right = result();

goal Set.thy "insert(a,B) Un C = insert(a,B Un C)";
by(fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Un_insert_left = result();

goal Set.thy "(A Int B) Un C  =  (A Un C) Int (B Un C)";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Un_Int_distrib = result();

goal Set.thy
 "(A Int B) Un (B Int C) Un (C Int A) = (A Un B) Int (B Un C) Int (C Un A)";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Un_Int_crazy = result();

goal Set.thy "(A<=B) = (A Un B = B)";
by (fast_tac (eq_cs addSEs [equalityE]) 1);
val subset_Un_eq = result();

goal Set.thy "(A <= insert(b,C)) = (A <= C | b:A & A-{b} <= C)";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val subset_insert_iff = result();

(** Simple properties of Compl -- complement of a set **)

goal Set.thy "A Int Compl(A) = {}";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Compl_disjoint = result();

goal Set.thy "A Un Compl(A) = {x.True}";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Compl_partition = result();

goal Set.thy "Compl(Compl(A)) = A";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val double_complement = result();

goal Set.thy "Compl(A Un B) = Compl(A) Int Compl(B)";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Compl_Un = result();

goal Set.thy "Compl(A Int B) = Compl(A) Un Compl(B)";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Compl_Int = result();

goal Set.thy "Compl(UN x:A. B(x)) = (INT x:A. Compl(B(x)))";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Compl_UN = result();

goal Set.thy "Compl(INT x:A. B(x)) = (UN x:A. Compl(B(x)))";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Compl_INT = result();

(*Halmos, Naive Set Theory, page 16.*)

goal Set.thy "((A Int B) Un C = A Int (B Un C)) = (C<=A)";
by (fast_tac (eq_cs addSEs [equalityE]) 1);
val Un_Int_assoc_eq = result();


(** Big Union and Intersection **)

goal Set.thy "Union({}) = {}";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Union_empty = result();

goal Set.thy "Union(insert(a,B)) = a Un Union(B)";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Union_insert = result();

goal Set.thy "Union(A Un B) = Union(A) Un Union(B)";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Union_Un_distrib = result();

goal Set.thy "Union(A Un B) = Union(A) Un Union(B)";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Union_Un_distrib = result();

val prems = goal Set.thy
   "(Union(C) Int A = {}) = (! B:C. B Int A = {})";
by (fast_tac (eq_cs addSEs [equalityE]) 1);
val Union_disjoint = result();

goal Set.thy "Inter(A Un B) = Inter(A) Int Inter(B)";
by (best_tac eq_cs 1);
val Inter_Un_distrib = result();

(** Unions and Intersections of Families **)

goal Set.thy "(UN x:A. B(x)) = Union({Y. ? x:A. Y=B(x)})";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val UN_eq = result();

(*Look: it has an EXISTENTIAL quantifier*)
goal Set.thy "(INT x:A. B(x)) = Inter({Y. ? x:A. Y=B(x)})";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val INT_eq = result();

goal Set.thy "A Int Union(B) = (UN C:B. A Int C)";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Int_Union_image = result();

(* Devlin, page 12: Union of a family of unions **)
goal Set.thy "(UN x:C. A(x) Un B(x)) = Union(A``C)  Un  Union(B``C)";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Un_Union_image = result();

goal Set.thy "A Un Inter(B) = (INT C:B. A Un C)";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Un_Inter_image = result();

goal Set.thy "(INT x:C. A(x) Int B(x)) = Inter(A``C) Int Inter(B``C)";
by (best_tac eq_cs 1);
val Int_Inter_image = result();

(** Other identities about Unions and Intersections **)

goal Set.thy "Union(range(f)) = (UN x.f(x))";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Union_range_eq = result();

goal Set.thy "Inter(range(f)) = (INT x.f(x))";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Inter_range_eq = result();

goal Set.thy "Union(B``A) = (UN x:A. B(x))";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Union_image_eq = result();

goal Set.thy "Inter(B``A) = (INT x:A. B(x))";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Inter_image_eq = result();

goal Set.thy "(UN x.B) = B";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val constant_UN = result();

(** Simple properties of Diff -- set difference **)

goal Set.thy "A-A = {}";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Diff_cancel = result();

goal Set.thy "{}-A = {}";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val empty_Diff = result();

goal Set.thy "A-{} = A";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Diff_empty = result();

(*NOT SUITABLE FOR REWRITING since {a} == insert(a,0)*)
goal Set.thy "A - insert(a,B) = A - B - {a}";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Diff_insert = result();

(*NOT SUITABLE FOR REWRITING since {a} == insert(a,0)*)
goal Set.thy "A - insert(a,B) = A - {a} - B";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Diff_insert2 = result();

val prems = goal Set.thy "a:A ==> insert(a,A-{a}) = A";
by (fast_tac (eq_cs addSIs prems) 1);
val insert_Diff = result();

goal Set.thy "A Int (B-A) = {}";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Diff_disjoint = result();

goal Set.thy "!!A. A<=B ==> A Un (B-A) = B";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Diff_partition = result();
(*
goal Set.thy "!!A. [| A<=B; B<= C |] ==> (B - (C-A)) = A";
by (cut_facts_tac prems 1);
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val double_complement = result();
*)
goal Set.thy "A - (B Un C) = (A-B) Int (A-C)";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Diff_Un = result();

goal Set.thy "A - (B Int C) = (A-B) Un (A-C)";
by (fast_tac eq_cs 1);
val Diff_Int = result();

val set_ss = set_ss addsimps
  [in_empty,in_insert,
   Int_absorb,Int_empty_left,Int_empty_right,
   Un_absorb,Un_empty_left,Un_empty_right,
   constant_UN,image_empty,
   Compl_disjoint,double_complement,
   Union_empty,Union_insert,empty_subsetI,subset_refl,
   Diff_cancel,empty_Diff,Diff_empty,Diff_disjoint];