List.thy
changeset 196 61620d959717
parent 128 89669c58e506
child 203 d465d3be2744
equal deleted inserted replaced
195:df6b3bd14dcb 196:61620d959717
     1 (*  Title:      HOL/list
     1 (*  Title:      HOL/List.thy
     2     ID:         $Id$
     2     ID:         $Id$
     3     Author:     Lawrence C Paulson, Cambridge University Computer Laboratory
     3     Author:     Tobias Nipkow
     4     Copyright   1993  University of Cambridge
     4     Copyright   1994 TU Muenchen
     5 
     5 
     6 Definition of type 'a list by a least fixed point
     6 Definition of type 'a list as a datatype. This allows primrec to work.
     7 
     7 
     8 We use          list(A) == lfp(%Z. {NUMB(0)} <+> A <*> Z)
       
     9 and not         list    == lfp(%Z. {NUMB(0)} <+> range(Leaf) <*> Z)
       
    10 so that list can serve as a "functor" for defining other recursive types
       
    11 *)
     8 *)
    12 
     9 
    13 List = Sexp +
    10 List = Arith +
    14 
    11 
    15 types
    12 datatype 'a list = "[]" ("[]") | "#"('a,'a list) (infixr 65)
    16   'a list
       
    17 
       
    18 arities
       
    19   list :: (term) term
       
    20 
       
    21 
    13 
    22 consts
    14 consts
    23 
    15 
    24   list      :: "'a item set => 'a item set"
       
    25   Rep_list  :: "'a list => 'a item"
       
    26   Abs_list  :: "'a item => 'a list"
       
    27   NIL       :: "'a item"
       
    28   CONS      :: "['a item, 'a item] => 'a item"
       
    29   Nil       :: "'a list"
       
    30   "#"       :: "['a, 'a list] => 'a list"                   	(infixr 65)
       
    31   List_case :: "['b, ['a item, 'a item]=>'b, 'a item] => 'b"
       
    32   List_rec  :: "['a item, 'b, ['a item, 'a item, 'b]=>'b] => 'b"
       
    33   list_case :: "['b, ['a, 'a list]=>'b, 'a list] => 'b"
       
    34   list_rec  :: "['a list, 'b, ['a, 'a list, 'b]=>'b] => 'b"
       
    35   Rep_map   :: "('b => 'a item) => ('b list => 'a item)"
       
    36   Abs_map   :: "('a item => 'b) => 'a item => 'b list"
       
    37   null      :: "'a list => bool"
    16   null      :: "'a list => bool"
    38   hd        :: "'a list => 'a"
    17   hd        :: "'a list => 'a"
    39   tl,ttl    :: "'a list => 'a list"
    18   tl,ttl    :: "'a list => 'a list"
    40   mem		:: "['a, 'a list] => bool"			(infixl 55)
    19   mem       :: "['a, 'a list] => bool"			(infixl 55)
    41   list_all  :: "('a => bool) => ('a list => bool)"
    20   list_all  :: "('a => bool) => ('a list => bool)"
    42   map       :: "('a=>'b) => ('a list => 'b list)"
    21   map       :: "('a=>'b) => ('a list => 'b list)"
    43   "@"	    :: "['a list, 'a list] => 'a list"			(infixr 65)
    22   "@"	    :: "['a list, 'a list] => 'a list"		(infixr 65)
    44   filter    :: "['a => bool, 'a list] => 'a list"
    23   filter    :: "['a => bool, 'a list] => 'a list"
       
    24   foldl     :: "[['b,'a] => 'b, 'b, 'a list] => 'b"
       
    25   length    :: "'a list => nat"
    45 
    26 
       
    27 syntax
    46   (* list Enumeration *)
    28   (* list Enumeration *)
    47 
    29   "@list"   :: "args => 'a list"                        ("[(_)]")
    48   "[]"      :: "'a list"                            ("[]")
       
    49   "@list"   :: "args => 'a list"                    ("[(_)]")
       
    50 
    30 
    51   (* Special syntax for list_all and filter *)
    31   (* Special syntax for list_all and filter *)
    52   "@Alls"	:: "[idt, 'a list, bool] => bool"	("(2Alls _:_./ _)" 10)
    32   "@Alls"	:: "[idt, 'a list, bool] => bool"	("(2Alls _:_./ _)" 10)
    53   "@filter"	:: "[idt, 'a list, bool] => 'a list"	("(1[_:_ ./ _])")
    33   "@filter"	:: "[idt, 'a list, bool] => 'a list"	("(1[_:_ ./ _])")
    54 
    34 
    55 translations
    35 translations
    56   "[x, xs]"     == "x#[xs]"
    36   "[x, xs]"     == "x#[xs]"
    57   "[x]"         == "x#[]"
    37   "[x]"         == "x#[]"
    58   "[]"          == "Nil"
       
    59 
       
    60   "case xs of Nil => a | y#ys => b" == "list_case(a, %y ys.b, xs)"
       
    61 
    38 
    62   "[x:xs . P]"	== "filter(%x.P,xs)"
    39   "[x:xs . P]"	== "filter(%x.P,xs)"
    63   "Alls x:xs.P"	== "list_all(%x.P,xs)"
    40   "Alls x:xs.P"	== "list_all(%x.P,xs)"
    64 
    41 
    65 defs
    42 primrec null list
    66   (* Defining the Concrete Constructors *)
    43   null_Nil "null([]) = True"
    67   NIL_def       "NIL == In0(Numb(0))"
    44   null_Cons "null(x#xs) = False"
    68   CONS_def      "CONS(M, N) == In1(M $ N)"
    45 primrec hd list
    69 
    46   hd_Nil  "hd([]) = (@x.False)"
    70 inductive "list(A)"
    47   hd_Cons "hd(x#xs) = x"
    71   intrs
    48 primrec tl list
    72     NIL_I  "NIL: list(A)"
    49   tl_Nil  "tl([]) = (@x.False)"
    73     CONS_I "[| a: A;  M: list(A) |] ==> CONS(a,M) : list(A)"
    50   tl_Cons "tl(x#xs) = xs"
    74 
    51 primrec ttl list
    75 rules
    52   (* a "total" version of tl: *)
    76   (* Faking a Type Definition ... *)
    53   ttl_Nil  "ttl([]) = []"
    77   Rep_list          "Rep_list(xs): list(range(Leaf))"
    54   ttl_Cons "ttl(x#xs) = xs"
    78   Rep_list_inverse  "Abs_list(Rep_list(xs)) = xs"
    55 primrec "op mem" list
    79   Abs_list_inverse  "M: list(range(Leaf)) ==> Rep_list(Abs_list(M)) = M"
    56   mem_Nil  "x mem [] = False"
    80 
    57   mem_Cons "x mem (y#ys) = if(y=x, True, x mem ys)"
    81 
    58 primrec list_all list
    82 defs
    59   list_all_Nil  "list_all(P,[]) = True"
    83   (* Defining the Abstract Constructors *)
    60   list_all_Cons "list_all(P,x#xs) = (P(x) & list_all(P,xs))"
    84   Nil_def       "Nil == Abs_list(NIL)"
    61 primrec map list
    85   Cons_def      "x#xs == Abs_list(CONS(Leaf(x), Rep_list(xs)))"
    62   map_Nil  "map(f,[]) = []"
    86 
    63   map_Cons "map(f,x#xs) = f(x)#map(f,xs)"
    87   List_case_def "List_case(c, d) == Case(%x.c, Split(d))"
    64 primrec "op @" list
    88 
    65   append_Nil  "[] @ ys = ys"
    89   (* list Recursion -- the trancl is Essential; see list.ML *)
    66   append_Cons "(x#xs)@ys = x#(xs@ys)"
    90 
    67 primrec filter list
    91   List_rec_def
    68   filter_Nil  "filter(P,[]) = []"
    92    "List_rec(M, c, d) == wfrec(trancl(pred_sexp), M, \
    69   filter_Cons "filter(P,x#xs) = if(P(x), x#filter(P,xs), filter(P,xs))"
    93 \                         List_case(%g.c, %x y g. d(x, y, g(y))))"
    70 primrec foldl list
    94 
    71   foldl_Nil  "foldl(f,a,[]) = a"
    95   list_rec_def
    72   foldl_Cons "foldl(f,a,x#xs) = foldl(f, f(a,x), xs)"
    96    "list_rec(l, c, d) == \
    73 primrec length list
    97 \   List_rec(Rep_list(l), c, %x y r. d(Inv(Leaf, x), Abs_list(y), r))"
    74   length_Nil  "length([]) = 0"
    98 
    75   length_Cons "length(x#xs) = Suc(length(xs))"
    99   (* Generalized Map Functionals *)
       
   100 
       
   101   Rep_map_def "Rep_map(f, xs) == list_rec(xs, NIL, %x l r. CONS(f(x), r))"
       
   102   Abs_map_def "Abs_map(g, M) == List_rec(M, Nil, %N L r. g(N)#r)"
       
   103 
       
   104   null_def      "null(xs)            == list_rec(xs, True, %x xs r.False)"
       
   105   hd_def        "hd(xs)              == list_rec(xs, @x.True, %x xs r.x)"
       
   106   tl_def        "tl(xs)              == list_rec(xs, @xs.True, %x xs r.xs)"
       
   107   (* a total version of tl: *)
       
   108   ttl_def	"ttl(xs)             == list_rec(xs, [], %x xs r.xs)"
       
   109 
       
   110   mem_def	"x mem xs            == \
       
   111 \		   list_rec(xs, False, %y ys r. if(y=x, True, r))"
       
   112   list_all_def  "list_all(P, xs)     == list_rec(xs, True, %x l r. P(x) & r)"
       
   113   map_def       "map(f, xs)          == list_rec(xs, [], %x l r. f(x)#r)"
       
   114   append_def	"xs@ys               == list_rec(xs, ys, %x l r. x#r)"
       
   115   filter_def	"filter(P,xs)        == \
       
   116 \                  list_rec(xs, [], %x xs r. if(P(x), x#r, r))"
       
   117 
       
   118   list_case_def "list_case(a, f, xs) == list_rec(xs, a, %x xs r.f(x, xs))"
       
   119 
       
   120 end
    76 end