1934
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(* Title: HOL/Auth/Message
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ID: $Id$
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Author: Lawrence C Paulson, Cambridge University Computer Laboratory
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Copyright 1996 University of Cambridge
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Theory of Shared Keys (common to all symmetric-key protocols)
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Server keys; initial states of agents; new nonces and keys; function "sees"
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*)
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Addsimps [parts_cut_eq];
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2000
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(*GOALS.ML??*)
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fun prlim n = (goals_limit:=n; pr());
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1934
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(*FUN.ML?? WE NEED A NOTION OF INVERSE IMAGE, OR GRAPH!!*)
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goal Set.thy "!!f. B <= range f = (B = f`` {x. f x: B})";
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by (fast_tac (!claset addEs [equalityE]) 1);
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val subset_range_iff = result();
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open Shared;
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1964
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(*Holds because Friend is injective: thus cannot prove for all f*)
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goal thy "(Friend x : Friend``A) = (x:A)";
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by (Auto_tac());
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qed "Friend_image_eq";
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Addsimps [Friend_image_eq];
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1934
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Addsimps [Un_insert_left, Un_insert_right];
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(*By default only o_apply is built-in. But in the presence of eta-expansion
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this means that some terms displayed as (f o g) will be rewritten, and others
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will not!*)
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Addsimps [o_def];
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1943
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(*** Basic properties of shrK and newK ***)
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1934
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1943
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(* invKey (shrK A) = shrK A *)
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bind_thm ("invKey_shrK", rewrite_rule [isSymKey_def] isSym_shrK);
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1934
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(* invKey (newK evs) = newK evs *)
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bind_thm ("invKey_newK", rewrite_rule [isSymKey_def] isSym_newK);
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1943
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Addsimps [invKey_shrK, invKey_newK];
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1934
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1993
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(*Injectiveness and freshness of new keys and nonces*)
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AddIffs [inj_shrK RS inj_eq, inj_newN RS inj_eq, inj_newK RS inj_eq,
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fresh_newN, fresh_newK];
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1934
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(** Rewrites should not refer to initState(Friend i)
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-- not in normal form! **)
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1943
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goal thy "newK evs ~= shrK B";
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by (subgoal_tac "newK evs = shrK B --> \
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1934
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\ Key (newK evs) : parts (initState B)" 1);
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by (Fast_tac 1);
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by (agent.induct_tac "B" 1);
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1967
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by (auto_tac (!claset addIs [range_eqI], !simpset addsimps [bad_def]));
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1943
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qed "newK_neq_shrK";
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1934
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1943
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Addsimps [newK_neq_shrK, newK_neq_shrK RS not_sym];
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1934
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(*Good for talking about Server's initial state*)
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goal thy "!!H. H <= Key``E ==> parts H = H";
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by (Auto_tac ());
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be parts.induct 1;
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by (ALLGOALS (fast_tac (!claset addss (!simpset))));
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qed "parts_image_subset";
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bind_thm ("parts_image_Key", subset_refl RS parts_image_subset);
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goal thy "!!H. H <= Key``E ==> analz H = H";
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by (Auto_tac ());
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be analz.induct 1;
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by (ALLGOALS (fast_tac (!claset addss (!simpset))));
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qed "analz_image_subset";
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bind_thm ("analz_image_Key", subset_refl RS analz_image_subset);
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Addsimps [parts_image_Key, analz_image_Key];
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goalw thy [keysFor_def] "keysFor (parts (initState C)) = {}";
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by (agent.induct_tac "C" 1);
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1993
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by (auto_tac (!claset addIs [range_eqI], !simpset));
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1934
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qed "keysFor_parts_initState";
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Addsimps [keysFor_parts_initState];
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goalw thy [keysFor_def] "keysFor (Key``E) = {}";
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by (Auto_tac ());
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qed "keysFor_image_Key";
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Addsimps [keysFor_image_Key];
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1943
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goal thy "shrK A ~: newK``E";
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1934
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by (agent.induct_tac "A" 1);
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by (Auto_tac ());
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1943
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qed "shrK_notin_image_newK";
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Addsimps [shrK_notin_image_newK];
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1934
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1964
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(*Agents see their own shared keys!*)
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goal thy "Key (shrK A) : sees A evs";
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1934
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by (list.induct_tac "evs" 1);
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by (agent.induct_tac "A" 1);
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1967
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by (auto_tac (!claset, !simpset addsimps [bad_def]));
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1964
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qed "sees_own_shrK";
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1934
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1967
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(*Enemy sees shared keys of bad agents!*)
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goal thy "!!i. A: bad ==> Key (shrK A) : sees Enemy evs";
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1964
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by (list.induct_tac "evs" 1);
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1967
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by (auto_tac (!claset, !simpset addsimps [bad_def]));
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qed "Enemy_sees_bad";
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1934
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1967
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AddSIs [sees_own_shrK, Enemy_sees_bad];
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1934
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1993
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goal thy "Enemy: bad";
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by (simp_tac (!simpset addsimps [bad_def]) 1);
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qed "Enemy_in_bad";
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AddIffs [Enemy_in_bad];
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1934
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(** Specialized rewrite rules for (sees A (Says...#evs)) **)
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goal thy "sees A (Says A B X # evs) = insert X (sees A evs)";
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by (Simp_tac 1);
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qed "sees_own";
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goal thy "!!A. Server ~= A ==> \
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\ sees Server (Says A B X # evs) = sees Server evs";
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by (Asm_simp_tac 1);
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qed "sees_Server";
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goal thy "!!A. Friend i ~= A ==> \
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\ sees (Friend i) (Says A B X # evs) = sees (Friend i) evs";
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by (Asm_simp_tac 1);
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qed "sees_Friend";
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goal thy "sees Enemy (Says A B X # evs) = insert X (sees Enemy evs)";
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by (Simp_tac 1);
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qed "sees_Enemy";
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goal thy "sees A (Says A' B X # evs) <= insert X (sees A evs)";
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by (simp_tac (!simpset setloop split_tac [expand_if]) 1);
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by (Fast_tac 1);
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qed "sees_Says_subset_insert";
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goal thy "sees A evs <= sees A (Says A' B X # evs)";
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by (simp_tac (!simpset setloop split_tac [expand_if]) 1);
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by (Fast_tac 1);
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qed "sees_subset_sees_Says";
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(*Pushing Unions into parts; one of the A's equals B, and thus sees Y*)
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goal thy "(UN A. parts (sees A (Says B C Y # evs))) = \
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\ parts {Y} Un (UN A. parts (sees A evs))";
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by (Step_tac 1);
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be rev_mp 1; (*for some reason, split_tac does not work on assumptions*)
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val ss = (!simpset addsimps [parts_Un, sees_Cons]
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setloop split_tac [expand_if]);
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by (ALLGOALS (fast_tac (!claset addss ss)));
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qed "UN_parts_sees_Says";
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goal thy "Says A B X : set_of_list evs --> X : sees Enemy evs";
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by (list.induct_tac "evs" 1);
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by (Auto_tac ());
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qed_spec_mp "Says_imp_sees_Enemy";
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Addsimps [Says_imp_sees_Enemy];
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AddIs [Says_imp_sees_Enemy];
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1943
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goal thy "initState C <= Key `` range shrK";
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1934
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by (agent.induct_tac "C" 1);
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by (Auto_tac ());
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qed "initState_subset";
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goal thy "X : sees C evs --> \
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\ (EX A B. Says A B X : set_of_list evs) | \
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1943
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\ (EX A. X = Key (shrK A))";
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1934
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by (list.induct_tac "evs" 1);
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by (ALLGOALS Asm_simp_tac);
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by (fast_tac (!claset addDs [impOfSubs initState_subset]) 1);
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br conjI 1;
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by (Fast_tac 2);
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by (event.induct_tac "a" 1);
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by (ALLGOALS (asm_simp_tac (!simpset addsimps [mem_if])));
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by (ALLGOALS Fast_tac);
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qed_spec_mp "seesD";
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Addsimps [UN_parts_sees_Says, sees_own, sees_Server, sees_Friend, sees_Enemy];
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Delsimps [sees_Cons]; (**** NOTE REMOVAL -- laws above are cleaner ****)
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goal thy "!!K. newK evs = invKey K ==> newK evs = K";
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br (invKey_eq RS iffD1) 1;
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by (Simp_tac 1);
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val newK_invKey = result();
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1993
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AddSDs [newK_invKey];
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1934
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(** Rewrites to push in Key and Crypt messages, so that other messages can
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be pulled out using the analz_insert rules **)
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fun insComm x y = read_instantiate_sg (sign_of thy) [("x",x), ("y",y)]
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insert_commute;
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val pushKeys = map (insComm "Key ?K")
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["Agent ?C", "Nonce ?N", "MPair ?X ?Y", "Crypt ?X ?K'"];
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val pushCrypts = map (insComm "Crypt ?X ?K")
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["Agent ?C", "Nonce ?N", "MPair ?X' ?Y"];
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(*Cannot be added with Addsimps -- we don't always want to re-order messages*)
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val pushes = pushKeys@pushCrypts;
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1943
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val pushKey_newK = insComm "Key (newK ?evs)" "Key (shrK ?C)";
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1934
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1993
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(*No premature instantiation of variables. For proving weak liveness.*)
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fun safe_solver prems =
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match_tac (TrueI::refl::prems) ORELSE' eq_assume_tac
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ORELSE' etac FalseE;
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2000
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(*Analysis of Fake cases and of messages that forward unknown parts
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Abstraction over i is ESSENTIAL: it delays the dereferencing of claset*)
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fun enemy_analz_tac i =
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1993
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SELECT_GOAL
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(EVERY [ (*push in occurrences of X...*)
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(REPEAT o CHANGED)
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(res_inst_tac [("x1","X")] (insert_commute RS ssubst) 1),
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(*...allowing further simplifications*)
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simp_tac (!simpset setloop split_tac [expand_if]) 1,
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REPEAT (resolve_tac [impI,notI] 1),
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dtac (impOfSubs Fake_analz_insert) 1,
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eresolve_tac [asm_rl, synth.Inj] 1,
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Fast_tac 1,
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Asm_full_simp_tac 1,
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IF_UNSOLVED (deepen_tac (!claset addIs [impOfSubs analz_mono]) 0 1)
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2000
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]) i;
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1993
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2012
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(** Simplifying parts (insert X (sees A evs))
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= parts {X} Un parts (sees A evs) -- since general case loops*)
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val parts_insert_sees =
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parts_insert |> read_instantiate_sg (sign_of thy) [("H", "sees A evs")]
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|> standard;
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