src/FOLP/ex/intro.ML

converted to Isar theory format;

(*  Title:      FOLP/ex/intro.ML
    ID:         $Id$
    Author:     Lawrence C Paulson, Cambridge University Computer Laboratory
    Copyright   1992  University of Cambridge

Examples for the manual "Introduction to Isabelle"

Derives some inference rules, illustrating the use of definitions

To generate similar output to manual, execute these commands:
    Pretty.setmargin 72; print_depth 0;
*)


(**** Some simple backward proofs ****)

goal (theory "FOLP") "?p:P|P --> P";
by (rtac impI 1);
by (rtac disjE 1);
by (assume_tac 3);
by (assume_tac 2);
by (assume_tac 1);
val mythm = result();

goal (theory "FOLP") "?p:(P & Q) | R  --> (P | R)";
by (rtac impI 1);
by (etac disjE 1);
by (dtac conjunct1 1);
by (rtac disjI1 1);
by (rtac disjI2 2);
by (REPEAT (assume_tac 1));
result();

(*Correct version, delaying use of "spec" until last*)
goal (theory "FOLP") "?p:(ALL x y. P(x,y))  -->  (ALL z w. P(w,z))";
by (rtac impI 1);
by (rtac allI 1);
by (rtac allI 1);
by (dtac spec 1);
by (dtac spec 1);
by (assume_tac 1);
result();


(**** Demonstration of fast_tac ****)

goal (theory "FOLP") "?p:(EX y. ALL x. J(y,x) <-> ~J(x,x))  \
\       -->  ~ (ALL x. EX y. ALL z. J(z,y) <-> ~ J(z,x))";
by (fast_tac FOLP_cs 1);
result();

goal (theory "FOLP") "?p:ALL x. P(x,f(x)) <-> \
\       (EX y. (ALL z. P(z,y) --> P(z,f(x))) & P(x,y))";
by (fast_tac FOLP_cs 1);
result();


(**** Derivation of conjunction elimination rule ****)

val [major,minor] = goal (theory "FOLP") "[| p:P&Q; !!x y.[| x:P; y:Q |] ==>f(x,y):R |] ==> ?p:R";
by (rtac minor 1);
by (resolve_tac [major RS conjunct1] 1);
by (resolve_tac [major RS conjunct2] 1);
prth (topthm());
result();


(**** Derived rules involving definitions ****)

(** Derivation of negation introduction **)

val prems = goal (theory "FOLP") "(!!x. x:P ==> f(x):False) ==> ?p:~P";
by (rewtac not_def);
by (rtac impI 1);
by (resolve_tac prems 1);
by (assume_tac 1);
result();

val [major,minor] = goal (theory "FOLP") "[| p:~P;  q:P |] ==> ?p:R";
by (rtac FalseE 1);
by (rtac mp 1);
by (resolve_tac [rewrite_rule [not_def] major] 1);
by (rtac minor 1);
result();

(*Alternative proof of above result*)
val [major,minor] = goalw (theory "FOLP") [not_def]
    "[| p:~P;  q:P |] ==> ?p:R";
by (resolve_tac [minor RS (major RS mp RS FalseE)] 1);
result();