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636 qed; |
636 qed; |
637 |
637 |
638 |
638 |
639 text{* \medskip The following lemma is a property of linear forms on |
639 text{* \medskip The following lemma is a property of linear forms on |
640 real vector spaces. It will be used for the lemma |
640 real vector spaces. It will be used for the lemma |
641 $\idt{rabs{\dsh}HahnBanach}$ (see page \pageref{rabs-HahnBanach}). \label{rabs-ineq-iff} |
641 $\idt{abs{\dsh}HahnBanach}$ (see page \pageref{abs-HahnBanach}). \label{abs-ineq-iff} |
642 For real vector spaces the following inequations are equivalent: |
642 For real vector spaces the following inequations are equivalent: |
643 \begin{matharray}{ll} |
643 \begin{matharray}{ll} |
644 \forall x\in H.\ap |h\ap x|\leq p\ap x& {\rm and}\\ |
644 \forall x\in H.\ap |h\ap x|\leq p\ap x& {\rm and}\\ |
645 \forall x\in H.\ap h\ap x\leq p\ap x\\ |
645 \forall x\in H.\ap h\ap x\leq p\ap x\\ |
646 \end{matharray} |
646 \end{matharray} |
647 *}; |
647 *}; |
648 |
648 |
649 lemma rabs_ineq_iff: |
649 lemma abs_ineq_iff: |
650 "[| is_subspace H E; is_vectorspace E; is_seminorm E p; |
650 "[| is_subspace H E; is_vectorspace E; is_seminorm E p; |
651 is_linearform H h |] |
651 is_linearform H h |] |
652 ==> (ALL x:H. rabs (h x) <= p x) = (ALL x:H. h x <= p x)" |
652 ==> (ALL x:H. abs (h x) <= p x) = (ALL x:H. h x <= p x)" |
653 (concl is "?L = ?R"); |
653 (concl is "?L = ?R"); |
654 proof -; |
654 proof -; |
655 assume "is_subspace H E" "is_vectorspace E" "is_seminorm E p" |
655 assume "is_subspace H E" "is_vectorspace E" "is_seminorm E p" |
656 "is_linearform H h"; |
656 "is_linearform H h"; |
657 have h: "is_vectorspace H"; ..; |
657 have h: "is_vectorspace H"; ..; |
659 proof; |
659 proof; |
660 assume l: ?L; |
660 assume l: ?L; |
661 show ?R; |
661 show ?R; |
662 proof; |
662 proof; |
663 fix x; assume x: "x:H"; |
663 fix x; assume x: "x:H"; |
664 have "h x <= rabs (h x)"; by (rule rabs_ge_self); |
664 have "h x <= abs (h x)"; by (rule abs_ge_self); |
665 also; from l; have "... <= p x"; ..; |
665 also; from l; have "... <= p x"; ..; |
666 finally; show "h x <= p x"; .; |
666 finally; show "h x <= p x"; .; |
667 qed; |
667 qed; |
668 next; |
668 next; |
669 assume r: ?R; |
669 assume r: ?R; |
670 show ?L; |
670 show ?L; |
671 proof; |
671 proof; |
672 fix x; assume "x:H"; |
672 fix x; assume "x:H"; |
673 show "!! a b. [| - a <= b; b <= a |] ==> rabs b <= a"; |
673 show "!! a b::real. [| - a <= b; b <= a |] ==> abs b <= a"; |
674 by arith; |
674 by arith; |
675 show "- p x <= h x"; |
675 show "- p x <= h x"; |
676 proof (rule real_minus_le); |
676 proof (rule real_minus_le); |
677 from h; have "- h x = h (- x)"; |
677 from h; have "- h x = h (- x)"; |
678 by (rule linearform_neg [RS sym]); |
678 by (rule linearform_neg [RS sym]); |