src/HOL/Reflection/Cooper.thy
changeset 29887 5170d6277b61
parent 29886 b8a6b9c56fdd
child 29889 95e6eb9044fe
child 29890 cc9eaa852fcd
--- a/src/HOL/Reflection/Cooper.thy	Thu Feb 12 21:24:14 2009 -0800
+++ /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
@@ -1,2174 +0,0 @@
-(*  Title:      HOL/Reflection/Cooper.thy
-    Author:     Amine Chaieb
-*)
-
-theory Cooper
-imports Complex_Main Efficient_Nat
-uses ("cooper_tac.ML")
-begin
-
-function iupt :: "int \<Rightarrow> int \<Rightarrow> int list" where
-  "iupt i j = (if j < i then [] else i # iupt (i+1) j)"
-by pat_completeness auto
-termination by (relation "measure (\<lambda> (i, j). nat (j-i+1))") auto
-
-lemma iupt_set: "set (iupt i j) = {i..j}"
-  by (induct rule: iupt.induct) (simp add: simp_from_to)
-
-(* Periodicity of dvd *)
-
-  (*********************************************************************************)
-  (****                            SHADOW SYNTAX AND SEMANTICS                  ****)
-  (*********************************************************************************)
-
-datatype num = C int | Bound nat | CN nat int num | Neg num | Add num num| Sub num num 
-  | Mul int num
-
-  (* A size for num to make inductive proofs simpler*)
-primrec num_size :: "num \<Rightarrow> nat" where
-  "num_size (C c) = 1"
-| "num_size (Bound n) = 1"
-| "num_size (Neg a) = 1 + num_size a"
-| "num_size (Add a b) = 1 + num_size a + num_size b"
-| "num_size (Sub a b) = 3 + num_size a + num_size b"
-| "num_size (CN n c a) = 4 + num_size a"
-| "num_size (Mul c a) = 1 + num_size a"
-
-primrec Inum :: "int list \<Rightarrow> num \<Rightarrow> int" where
-  "Inum bs (C c) = c"
-| "Inum bs (Bound n) = bs!n"
-| "Inum bs (CN n c a) = c * (bs!n) + (Inum bs a)"
-| "Inum bs (Neg a) = -(Inum bs a)"
-| "Inum bs (Add a b) = Inum bs a + Inum bs b"
-| "Inum bs (Sub a b) = Inum bs a - Inum bs b"
-| "Inum bs (Mul c a) = c* Inum bs a"
-
-datatype fm  = 
-  T| F| Lt num| Le num| Gt num| Ge num| Eq num| NEq num| Dvd int num| NDvd int num|
-  NOT fm| And fm fm|  Or fm fm| Imp fm fm| Iff fm fm| E fm| A fm 
-  | Closed nat | NClosed nat
-
-
-  (* A size for fm *)
-consts fmsize :: "fm \<Rightarrow> nat"
-recdef fmsize "measure size"
-  "fmsize (NOT p) = 1 + fmsize p"
-  "fmsize (And p q) = 1 + fmsize p + fmsize q"
-  "fmsize (Or p q) = 1 + fmsize p + fmsize q"
-  "fmsize (Imp p q) = 3 + fmsize p + fmsize q"
-  "fmsize (Iff p q) = 3 + 2*(fmsize p + fmsize q)"
-  "fmsize (E p) = 1 + fmsize p"
-  "fmsize (A p) = 4+ fmsize p"
-  "fmsize (Dvd i t) = 2"
-  "fmsize (NDvd i t) = 2"
-  "fmsize p = 1"
-  (* several lemmas about fmsize *)
-lemma fmsize_pos: "fmsize p > 0"	
-by (induct p rule: fmsize.induct) simp_all
-
-  (* Semantics of formulae (fm) *)
-consts Ifm ::"bool list \<Rightarrow> int list \<Rightarrow> fm \<Rightarrow> bool"
-primrec
-  "Ifm bbs bs T = True"
-  "Ifm bbs bs F = False"
-  "Ifm bbs bs (Lt a) = (Inum bs a < 0)"
-  "Ifm bbs bs (Gt a) = (Inum bs a > 0)"
-  "Ifm bbs bs (Le a) = (Inum bs a \<le> 0)"
-  "Ifm bbs bs (Ge a) = (Inum bs a \<ge> 0)"
-  "Ifm bbs bs (Eq a) = (Inum bs a = 0)"
-  "Ifm bbs bs (NEq a) = (Inum bs a \<noteq> 0)"
-  "Ifm bbs bs (Dvd i b) = (i dvd Inum bs b)"
-  "Ifm bbs bs (NDvd i b) = (\<not>(i dvd Inum bs b))"
-  "Ifm bbs bs (NOT p) = (\<not> (Ifm bbs bs p))"
-  "Ifm bbs bs (And p q) = (Ifm bbs bs p \<and> Ifm bbs bs q)"
-  "Ifm bbs bs (Or p q) = (Ifm bbs bs p \<or> Ifm bbs bs q)"
-  "Ifm bbs bs (Imp p q) = ((Ifm bbs bs p) \<longrightarrow> (Ifm bbs bs q))"
-  "Ifm bbs bs (Iff p q) = (Ifm bbs bs p = Ifm bbs bs q)"
-  "Ifm bbs bs (E p) = (\<exists> x. Ifm bbs (x#bs) p)"
-  "Ifm bbs bs (A p) = (\<forall> x. Ifm bbs (x#bs) p)"
-  "Ifm bbs bs (Closed n) = bbs!n"
-  "Ifm bbs bs (NClosed n) = (\<not> bbs!n)"
-
-consts prep :: "fm \<Rightarrow> fm"
-recdef prep "measure fmsize"
-  "prep (E T) = T"
-  "prep (E F) = F"
-  "prep (E (Or p q)) = Or (prep (E p)) (prep (E q))"
-  "prep (E (Imp p q)) = Or (prep (E (NOT p))) (prep (E q))"
-  "prep (E (Iff p q)) = Or (prep (E (And p q))) (prep (E (And (NOT p) (NOT q))))" 
-  "prep (E (NOT (And p q))) = Or (prep (E (NOT p))) (prep (E(NOT q)))"
-  "prep (E (NOT (Imp p q))) = prep (E (And p (NOT q)))"
-  "prep (E (NOT (Iff p q))) = Or (prep (E (And p (NOT q)))) (prep (E(And (NOT p) q)))"
-  "prep (E p) = E (prep p)"
-  "prep (A (And p q)) = And (prep (A p)) (prep (A q))"
-  "prep (A p) = prep (NOT (E (NOT p)))"
-  "prep (NOT (NOT p)) = prep p"
-  "prep (NOT (And p q)) = Or (prep (NOT p)) (prep (NOT q))"
-  "prep (NOT (A p)) = prep (E (NOT p))"
-  "prep (NOT (Or p q)) = And (prep (NOT p)) (prep (NOT q))"
-  "prep (NOT (Imp p q)) = And (prep p) (prep (NOT q))"
-  "prep (NOT (Iff p q)) = Or (prep (And p (NOT q))) (prep (And (NOT p) q))"
-  "prep (NOT p) = NOT (prep p)"
-  "prep (Or p q) = Or (prep p) (prep q)"
-  "prep (And p q) = And (prep p) (prep q)"
-  "prep (Imp p q) = prep (Or (NOT p) q)"
-  "prep (Iff p q) = Or (prep (And p q)) (prep (And (NOT p) (NOT q)))"
-  "prep p = p"
-(hints simp add: fmsize_pos)
-lemma prep: "Ifm bbs bs (prep p) = Ifm bbs bs p"
-by (induct p arbitrary: bs rule: prep.induct, auto)
-
-
-  (* Quantifier freeness *)
-consts qfree:: "fm \<Rightarrow> bool"
-recdef qfree "measure size"
-  "qfree (E p) = False"
-  "qfree (A p) = False"
-  "qfree (NOT p) = qfree p" 
-  "qfree (And p q) = (qfree p \<and> qfree q)" 
-  "qfree (Or  p q) = (qfree p \<and> qfree q)" 
-  "qfree (Imp p q) = (qfree p \<and> qfree q)" 
-  "qfree (Iff p q) = (qfree p \<and> qfree q)"
-  "qfree p = True"
-
-  (* Boundedness and substitution *)
-consts 
-  numbound0:: "num \<Rightarrow> bool" (* a num is INDEPENDENT of Bound 0 *)
-  bound0:: "fm \<Rightarrow> bool" (* A Formula is independent of Bound 0 *)
-  subst0:: "num \<Rightarrow> fm \<Rightarrow> fm" (* substitue a num into a formula for Bound 0 *)
-primrec
-  "numbound0 (C c) = True"
-  "numbound0 (Bound n) = (n>0)"
-  "numbound0 (CN n i a) = (n >0 \<and> numbound0 a)"
-  "numbound0 (Neg a) = numbound0 a"
-  "numbound0 (Add a b) = (numbound0 a \<and> numbound0 b)"
-  "numbound0 (Sub a b) = (numbound0 a \<and> numbound0 b)" 
-  "numbound0 (Mul i a) = numbound0 a"
-
-lemma numbound0_I:
-  assumes nb: "numbound0 a"
-  shows "Inum (b#bs) a = Inum (b'#bs) a"
-using nb
-by (induct a rule: numbound0.induct) (auto simp add: gr0_conv_Suc)
-
-primrec
-  "bound0 T = True"
-  "bound0 F = True"
-  "bound0 (Lt a) = numbound0 a"
-  "bound0 (Le a) = numbound0 a"
-  "bound0 (Gt a) = numbound0 a"
-  "bound0 (Ge a) = numbound0 a"
-  "bound0 (Eq a) = numbound0 a"
-  "bound0 (NEq a) = numbound0 a"
-  "bound0 (Dvd i a) = numbound0 a"
-  "bound0 (NDvd i a) = numbound0 a"
-  "bound0 (NOT p) = bound0 p"
-  "bound0 (And p q) = (bound0 p \<and> bound0 q)"
-  "bound0 (Or p q) = (bound0 p \<and> bound0 q)"
-  "bound0 (Imp p q) = ((bound0 p) \<and> (bound0 q))"
-  "bound0 (Iff p q) = (bound0 p \<and> bound0 q)"
-  "bound0 (E p) = False"
-  "bound0 (A p) = False"
-  "bound0 (Closed P) = True"
-  "bound0 (NClosed P) = True"
-lemma bound0_I:
-  assumes bp: "bound0 p"
-  shows "Ifm bbs (b#bs) p = Ifm bbs (b'#bs) p"
-using bp numbound0_I[where b="b" and bs="bs" and b'="b'"]
-by (induct p rule: bound0.induct) (auto simp add: gr0_conv_Suc)
-
-fun numsubst0:: "num \<Rightarrow> num \<Rightarrow> num" where
-  "numsubst0 t (C c) = (C c)"
-| "numsubst0 t (Bound n) = (if n=0 then t else Bound n)"
-| "numsubst0 t (CN 0 i a) = Add (Mul i t) (numsubst0 t a)"
-| "numsubst0 t (CN n i a) = CN n i (numsubst0 t a)"
-| "numsubst0 t (Neg a) = Neg (numsubst0 t a)"
-| "numsubst0 t (Add a b) = Add (numsubst0 t a) (numsubst0 t b)"
-| "numsubst0 t (Sub a b) = Sub (numsubst0 t a) (numsubst0 t b)" 
-| "numsubst0 t (Mul i a) = Mul i (numsubst0 t a)"
-
-lemma numsubst0_I:
-  "Inum (b#bs) (numsubst0 a t) = Inum ((Inum (b#bs) a)#bs) t"
-by (induct t rule: numsubst0.induct,auto simp:nth_Cons')
-
-lemma numsubst0_I':
-  "numbound0 a \<Longrightarrow> Inum (b#bs) (numsubst0 a t) = Inum ((Inum (b'#bs) a)#bs) t"
-by (induct t rule: numsubst0.induct, auto simp: nth_Cons' numbound0_I[where b="b" and b'="b'"])
-
-primrec
-  "subst0 t T = T"
-  "subst0 t F = F"
-  "subst0 t (Lt a) = Lt (numsubst0 t a)"
-  "subst0 t (Le a) = Le (numsubst0 t a)"
-  "subst0 t (Gt a) = Gt (numsubst0 t a)"
-  "subst0 t (Ge a) = Ge (numsubst0 t a)"
-  "subst0 t (Eq a) = Eq (numsubst0 t a)"
-  "subst0 t (NEq a) = NEq (numsubst0 t a)"
-  "subst0 t (Dvd i a) = Dvd i (numsubst0 t a)"
-  "subst0 t (NDvd i a) = NDvd i (numsubst0 t a)"
-  "subst0 t (NOT p) = NOT (subst0 t p)"
-  "subst0 t (And p q) = And (subst0 t p) (subst0 t q)"
-  "subst0 t (Or p q) = Or (subst0 t p) (subst0 t q)"
-  "subst0 t (Imp p q) = Imp (subst0 t p) (subst0 t q)"
-  "subst0 t (Iff p q) = Iff (subst0 t p) (subst0 t q)"
-  "subst0 t (Closed P) = (Closed P)"
-  "subst0 t (NClosed P) = (NClosed P)"
-
-lemma subst0_I: assumes qfp: "qfree p"
-  shows "Ifm bbs (b#bs) (subst0 a p) = Ifm bbs ((Inum (b#bs) a)#bs) p"
-  using qfp numsubst0_I[where b="b" and bs="bs" and a="a"]
-  by (induct p) (simp_all add: gr0_conv_Suc)
-
-
-consts 
-  decrnum:: "num \<Rightarrow> num" 
-  decr :: "fm \<Rightarrow> fm"
-
-recdef decrnum "measure size"
-  "decrnum (Bound n) = Bound (n - 1)"
-  "decrnum (Neg a) = Neg (decrnum a)"
-  "decrnum (Add a b) = Add (decrnum a) (decrnum b)"
-  "decrnum (Sub a b) = Sub (decrnum a) (decrnum b)"
-  "decrnum (Mul c a) = Mul c (decrnum a)"
-  "decrnum (CN n i a) = (CN (n - 1) i (decrnum a))"
-  "decrnum a = a"
-
-recdef decr "measure size"
-  "decr (Lt a) = Lt (decrnum a)"
-  "decr (Le a) = Le (decrnum a)"
-  "decr (Gt a) = Gt (decrnum a)"
-  "decr (Ge a) = Ge (decrnum a)"
-  "decr (Eq a) = Eq (decrnum a)"
-  "decr (NEq a) = NEq (decrnum a)"
-  "decr (Dvd i a) = Dvd i (decrnum a)"
-  "decr (NDvd i a) = NDvd i (decrnum a)"
-  "decr (NOT p) = NOT (decr p)" 
-  "decr (And p q) = And (decr p) (decr q)"
-  "decr (Or p q) = Or (decr p) (decr q)"
-  "decr (Imp p q) = Imp (decr p) (decr q)"
-  "decr (Iff p q) = Iff (decr p) (decr q)"
-  "decr p = p"
-
-lemma decrnum: assumes nb: "numbound0 t"
-  shows "Inum (x#bs) t = Inum bs (decrnum t)"
-  using nb by (induct t rule: decrnum.induct, auto simp add: gr0_conv_Suc)
-
-lemma decr: assumes nb: "bound0 p"
-  shows "Ifm bbs (x#bs) p = Ifm bbs bs (decr p)"
-  using nb 
-  by (induct p rule: decr.induct, simp_all add: gr0_conv_Suc decrnum)
-
-lemma decr_qf: "bound0 p \<Longrightarrow> qfree (decr p)"
-by (induct p, simp_all)
-
-consts 
-  isatom :: "fm \<Rightarrow> bool" (* test for atomicity *)
-recdef isatom "measure size"
-  "isatom T = True"
-  "isatom F = True"
-  "isatom (Lt a) = True"
-  "isatom (Le a) = True"
-  "isatom (Gt a) = True"
-  "isatom (Ge a) = True"
-  "isatom (Eq a) = True"
-  "isatom (NEq a) = True"
-  "isatom (Dvd i b) = True"
-  "isatom (NDvd i b) = True"
-  "isatom (Closed P) = True"
-  "isatom (NClosed P) = True"
-  "isatom p = False"
-
-lemma numsubst0_numbound0: assumes nb: "numbound0 t"
-  shows "numbound0 (numsubst0 t a)"
-using nb apply (induct a rule: numbound0.induct)
-apply simp_all
-apply (case_tac n, simp_all)
-done
-
-lemma subst0_bound0: assumes qf: "qfree p" and nb: "numbound0 t"
-  shows "bound0 (subst0 t p)"
-using qf numsubst0_numbound0[OF nb] by (induct p  rule: subst0.induct, auto)
-
-lemma bound0_qf: "bound0 p \<Longrightarrow> qfree p"
-by (induct p, simp_all)
-
-
-constdefs djf:: "('a \<Rightarrow> fm) \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> fm \<Rightarrow> fm"
-  "djf f p q \<equiv> (if q=T then T else if q=F then f p else 
-  (let fp = f p in case fp of T \<Rightarrow> T | F \<Rightarrow> q | _ \<Rightarrow> Or (f p) q))"
-constdefs evaldjf:: "('a \<Rightarrow> fm) \<Rightarrow> 'a list \<Rightarrow> fm"
-  "evaldjf f ps \<equiv> foldr (djf f) ps F"
-
-lemma djf_Or: "Ifm bbs bs (djf f p q) = Ifm bbs bs (Or (f p) q)"
-by (cases "q=T", simp add: djf_def,cases "q=F",simp add: djf_def) 
-(cases "f p", simp_all add: Let_def djf_def) 
-
-lemma evaldjf_ex: "Ifm bbs bs (evaldjf f ps) = (\<exists> p \<in> set ps. Ifm bbs bs (f p))"
-  by(induct ps, simp_all add: evaldjf_def djf_Or)
-
-lemma evaldjf_bound0: 
-  assumes nb: "\<forall> x\<in> set xs. bound0 (f x)"
-  shows "bound0 (evaldjf f xs)"
-  using nb by (induct xs, auto simp add: evaldjf_def djf_def Let_def) (case_tac "f a", auto) 
-
-lemma evaldjf_qf: 
-  assumes nb: "\<forall> x\<in> set xs. qfree (f x)"
-  shows "qfree (evaldjf f xs)"
-  using nb by (induct xs, auto simp add: evaldjf_def djf_def Let_def) (case_tac "f a", auto) 
-
-consts disjuncts :: "fm \<Rightarrow> fm list"
-recdef disjuncts "measure size"
-  "disjuncts (Or p q) = (disjuncts p) @ (disjuncts q)"
-  "disjuncts F = []"
-  "disjuncts p = [p]"
-
-lemma disjuncts: "(\<exists> q\<in> set (disjuncts p). Ifm bbs bs q) = Ifm bbs bs p"
-by(induct p rule: disjuncts.induct, auto)
-
-lemma disjuncts_nb: "bound0 p \<Longrightarrow> \<forall> q\<in> set (disjuncts p). bound0 q"
-proof-
-  assume nb: "bound0 p"
-  hence "list_all bound0 (disjuncts p)" by (induct p rule:disjuncts.induct,auto)
-  thus ?thesis by (simp only: list_all_iff)
-qed
-
-lemma disjuncts_qf: "qfree p \<Longrightarrow> \<forall> q\<in> set (disjuncts p). qfree q"
-proof-
-  assume qf: "qfree p"
-  hence "list_all qfree (disjuncts p)"
-    by (induct p rule: disjuncts.induct, auto)
-  thus ?thesis by (simp only: list_all_iff)
-qed
-
-constdefs DJ :: "(fm \<Rightarrow> fm) \<Rightarrow> fm \<Rightarrow> fm"
-  "DJ f p \<equiv> evaldjf f (disjuncts p)"
-
-lemma DJ: assumes fdj: "\<forall> p q. f (Or p q) = Or (f p) (f q)"
-  and fF: "f F = F"
-  shows "Ifm bbs bs (DJ f p) = Ifm bbs bs (f p)"
-proof-
-  have "Ifm bbs bs (DJ f p) = (\<exists> q \<in> set (disjuncts p). Ifm bbs bs (f q))"
-    by (simp add: DJ_def evaldjf_ex) 
-  also have "\<dots> = Ifm bbs bs (f p)" using fdj fF by (induct p rule: disjuncts.induct, auto)
-  finally show ?thesis .
-qed
-
-lemma DJ_qf: assumes 
-  fqf: "\<forall> p. qfree p \<longrightarrow> qfree (f p)"
-  shows "\<forall>p. qfree p \<longrightarrow> qfree (DJ f p) "
-proof(clarify)
-  fix  p assume qf: "qfree p"
-  have th: "DJ f p = evaldjf f (disjuncts p)" by (simp add: DJ_def)
-  from disjuncts_qf[OF qf] have "\<forall> q\<in> set (disjuncts p). qfree q" .
-  with fqf have th':"\<forall> q\<in> set (disjuncts p). qfree (f q)" by blast
-  
-  from evaldjf_qf[OF th'] th show "qfree (DJ f p)" by simp
-qed
-
-lemma DJ_qe: assumes qe: "\<forall> bs p. qfree p \<longrightarrow> qfree (qe p) \<and> (Ifm bbs bs (qe p) = Ifm bbs bs (E p))"
-  shows "\<forall> bs p. qfree p \<longrightarrow> qfree (DJ qe p) \<and> (Ifm bbs bs ((DJ qe p)) = Ifm bbs bs (E p))"
-proof(clarify)
-  fix p::fm and bs
-  assume qf: "qfree p"
-  from qe have qth: "\<forall> p. qfree p \<longrightarrow> qfree (qe p)" by blast
-  from DJ_qf[OF qth] qf have qfth:"qfree (DJ qe p)" by auto
-  have "Ifm bbs bs (DJ qe p) = (\<exists> q\<in> set (disjuncts p). Ifm bbs bs (qe q))"
-    by (simp add: DJ_def evaldjf_ex)
-  also have "\<dots> = (\<exists> q \<in> set(disjuncts p). Ifm bbs bs (E q))" using qe disjuncts_qf[OF qf] by auto
-  also have "\<dots> = Ifm bbs bs (E p)" by (induct p rule: disjuncts.induct, auto)
-  finally show "qfree (DJ qe p) \<and> Ifm bbs bs (DJ qe p) = Ifm bbs bs (E p)" using qfth by blast
-qed
-  (* Simplification *)
-
-  (* Algebraic simplifications for nums *)
-consts bnds:: "num \<Rightarrow> nat list"
-  lex_ns:: "nat list \<times> nat list \<Rightarrow> bool"
-recdef bnds "measure size"
-  "bnds (Bound n) = [n]"
-  "bnds (CN n c a) = n#(bnds a)"
-  "bnds (Neg a) = bnds a"
-  "bnds (Add a b) = (bnds a)@(bnds b)"
-  "bnds (Sub a b) = (bnds a)@(bnds b)"
-  "bnds (Mul i a) = bnds a"
-  "bnds a = []"
-recdef lex_ns "measure (\<lambda> (xs,ys). length xs + length ys)"
-  "lex_ns ([], ms) = True"
-  "lex_ns (ns, []) = False"
-  "lex_ns (n#ns, m#ms) = (n<m \<or> ((n = m) \<and> lex_ns (ns,ms))) "
-constdefs lex_bnd :: "num \<Rightarrow> num \<Rightarrow> bool"
-  "lex_bnd t s \<equiv> lex_ns (bnds t, bnds s)"
-
-consts
-  numadd:: "num \<times> num \<Rightarrow> num"
-recdef numadd "measure (\<lambda> (t,s). num_size t + num_size s)"
-  "numadd (CN n1 c1 r1 ,CN n2 c2 r2) =
-  (if n1=n2 then 
-  (let c = c1 + c2
-  in (if c=0 then numadd(r1,r2) else CN n1 c (numadd (r1,r2))))
-  else if n1 \<le> n2 then CN n1 c1 (numadd (r1,Add (Mul c2 (Bound n2)) r2))
-  else CN n2 c2 (numadd (Add (Mul c1 (Bound n1)) r1,r2)))"
-  "numadd (CN n1 c1 r1, t) = CN n1 c1 (numadd (r1, t))"  
-  "numadd (t,CN n2 c2 r2) = CN n2 c2 (numadd (t,r2))" 
-  "numadd (C b1, C b2) = C (b1+b2)"
-  "numadd (a,b) = Add a b"
-
-(*function (sequential)
-  numadd :: "num \<Rightarrow> num \<Rightarrow> num"
-where
-  "numadd (Add (Mul c1 (Bound n1)) r1) (Add (Mul c2 (Bound n2)) r2) =
-      (if n1 = n2 then (let c = c1 + c2
-      in (if c = 0 then numadd r1 r2 else
-        Add (Mul c (Bound n1)) (numadd r1 r2)))
-      else if n1 \<le> n2 then
-        Add (Mul c1 (Bound n1)) (numadd r1 (Add (Mul c2 (Bound n2)) r2))
-      else
-        Add (Mul c2 (Bound n2)) (numadd (Add (Mul c1 (Bound n1)) r1) r2))"
-  | "numadd (Add (Mul c1 (Bound n1)) r1) t =
-      Add (Mul c1 (Bound n1)) (numadd r1 t)"  
-  | "numadd t (Add (Mul c2 (Bound n2)) r2) =
-      Add (Mul c2 (Bound n2)) (numadd t r2)" 
-  | "numadd (C b1) (C b2) = C (b1 + b2)"
-  | "numadd a b = Add a b"
-apply pat_completeness apply auto*)
-  
-lemma numadd: "Inum bs (numadd (t,s)) = Inum bs (Add t s)"
-apply (induct t s rule: numadd.induct, simp_all add: Let_def)
-apply (case_tac "c1+c2 = 0",case_tac "n1 \<le> n2", simp_all)
- apply (case_tac "n1 = n2")
-  apply(simp_all add: algebra_simps)
-apply(simp add: left_distrib[symmetric])
-done
-
-lemma numadd_nb: "\<lbrakk> numbound0 t ; numbound0 s\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> numbound0 (numadd (t,s))"
-by (induct t s rule: numadd.induct, auto simp add: Let_def)
-
-fun
-  nummul :: "int \<Rightarrow> num \<Rightarrow> num"
-where
-  "nummul i (C j) = C (i * j)"
-  | "nummul i (CN n c t) = CN n (c*i) (nummul i t)"
-  | "nummul i t = Mul i t"
-
-lemma nummul: "\<And> i. Inum bs (nummul i t) = Inum bs (Mul i t)"
-by (induct t rule: nummul.induct, auto simp add: algebra_simps numadd)
-
-lemma nummul_nb: "\<And> i. numbound0 t \<Longrightarrow> numbound0 (nummul i t)"
-by (induct t rule: nummul.induct, auto simp add: numadd_nb)
-
-constdefs numneg :: "num \<Rightarrow> num"
-  "numneg t \<equiv> nummul (- 1) t"
-
-constdefs numsub :: "num \<Rightarrow> num \<Rightarrow> num"
-  "numsub s t \<equiv> (if s = t then C 0 else numadd (s, numneg t))"
-
-lemma numneg: "Inum bs (numneg t) = Inum bs (Neg t)"
-using numneg_def nummul by simp
-
-lemma numneg_nb: "numbound0 t \<Longrightarrow> numbound0 (numneg t)"
-using numneg_def nummul_nb by simp
-
-lemma numsub: "Inum bs (numsub a b) = Inum bs (Sub a b)"
-using numneg numadd numsub_def by simp
-
-lemma numsub_nb: "\<lbrakk> numbound0 t ; numbound0 s\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> numbound0 (numsub t s)"
-using numsub_def numadd_nb numneg_nb by simp
-
-fun
-  simpnum :: "num \<Rightarrow> num"
-where
-  "simpnum (C j) = C j"
-  | "simpnum (Bound n) = CN n 1 (C 0)"
-  | "simpnum (Neg t) = numneg (simpnum t)"
-  | "simpnum (Add t s) = numadd (simpnum t, simpnum s)"
-  | "simpnum (Sub t s) = numsub (simpnum t) (simpnum s)"
-  | "simpnum (Mul i t) = (if i = 0 then C 0 else nummul i (simpnum t))"
-  | "simpnum t = t"
-
-lemma simpnum_ci: "Inum bs (simpnum t) = Inum bs t"
-by (induct t rule: simpnum.induct, auto simp add: numneg numadd numsub nummul)
-
-lemma simpnum_numbound0: 
-  "numbound0 t \<Longrightarrow> numbound0 (simpnum t)"
-by (induct t rule: simpnum.induct, auto simp add: numadd_nb numsub_nb nummul_nb numneg_nb)
-
-fun
-  not :: "fm \<Rightarrow> fm"
-where
-  "not (NOT p) = p"
-  | "not T = F"
-  | "not F = T"
-  | "not p = NOT p"
-lemma not: "Ifm bbs bs (not p) = Ifm bbs bs (NOT p)"
-by (cases p) auto
-lemma not_qf: "qfree p \<Longrightarrow> qfree (not p)"
-by (cases p, auto)
-lemma not_bn: "bound0 p \<Longrightarrow> bound0 (not p)"
-by (cases p, auto)
-
-constdefs conj :: "fm \<Rightarrow> fm \<Rightarrow> fm"
-  "conj p q \<equiv> (if (p = F \<or> q=F) then F else if p=T then q else if q=T then p else And p q)"
-lemma conj: "Ifm bbs bs (conj p q) = Ifm bbs bs (And p q)"
-by (cases "p=F \<or> q=F",simp_all add: conj_def) (cases p,simp_all)
-
-lemma conj_qf: "\<lbrakk>qfree p ; qfree q\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> qfree (conj p q)"
-using conj_def by auto 
-lemma conj_nb: "\<lbrakk>bound0 p ; bound0 q\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> bound0 (conj p q)"
-using conj_def by auto 
-
-constdefs disj :: "fm \<Rightarrow> fm \<Rightarrow> fm"
-  "disj p q \<equiv> (if (p = T \<or> q=T) then T else if p=F then q else if q=F then p else Or p q)"
-
-lemma disj: "Ifm bbs bs (disj p q) = Ifm bbs bs (Or p q)"
-by (cases "p=T \<or> q=T",simp_all add: disj_def) (cases p,simp_all)
-lemma disj_qf: "\<lbrakk>qfree p ; qfree q\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> qfree (disj p q)"
-using disj_def by auto 
-lemma disj_nb: "\<lbrakk>bound0 p ; bound0 q\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> bound0 (disj p q)"
-using disj_def by auto 
-
-constdefs   imp :: "fm \<Rightarrow> fm \<Rightarrow> fm"
-  "imp p q \<equiv> (if (p = F \<or> q=T) then T else if p=T then q else if q=F then not p else Imp p q)"
-lemma imp: "Ifm bbs bs (imp p q) = Ifm bbs bs (Imp p q)"
-by (cases "p=F \<or> q=T",simp_all add: imp_def,cases p) (simp_all add: not)
-lemma imp_qf: "\<lbrakk>qfree p ; qfree q\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> qfree (imp p q)"
-using imp_def by (cases "p=F \<or> q=T",simp_all add: imp_def,cases p) (simp_all add: not_qf) 
-lemma imp_nb: "\<lbrakk>bound0 p ; bound0 q\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> bound0 (imp p q)"
-using imp_def by (cases "p=F \<or> q=T",simp_all add: imp_def,cases p) simp_all
-
-constdefs   iff :: "fm \<Rightarrow> fm \<Rightarrow> fm"
-  "iff p q \<equiv> (if (p = q) then T else if (p = not q \<or> not p = q) then F else 
-       if p=F then not q else if q=F then not p else if p=T then q else if q=T then p else 
-  Iff p q)"
-lemma iff: "Ifm bbs bs (iff p q) = Ifm bbs bs (Iff p q)"
-  by (unfold iff_def,cases "p=q", simp,cases "p=not q", simp add:not) 
-(cases "not p= q", auto simp add:not)
-lemma iff_qf: "\<lbrakk>qfree p ; qfree q\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> qfree (iff p q)"
-  by (unfold iff_def,cases "p=q", auto simp add: not_qf)
-lemma iff_nb: "\<lbrakk>bound0 p ; bound0 q\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> bound0 (iff p q)"
-using iff_def by (unfold iff_def,cases "p=q", auto simp add: not_bn)
-
-function (sequential)
-  simpfm :: "fm \<Rightarrow> fm"
-where
-  "simpfm (And p q) = conj (simpfm p) (simpfm q)"
-  | "simpfm (Or p q) = disj (simpfm p) (simpfm q)"
-  | "simpfm (Imp p q) = imp (simpfm p) (simpfm q)"
-  | "simpfm (Iff p q) = iff (simpfm p) (simpfm q)"
-  | "simpfm (NOT p) = not (simpfm p)"
-  | "simpfm (Lt a) = (let a' = simpnum a in case a' of C v \<Rightarrow> if (v < 0) then T else F 
-      | _ \<Rightarrow> Lt a')"
-  | "simpfm (Le a) = (let a' = simpnum a in case a' of C v \<Rightarrow> if (v \<le> 0)  then T else F | _ \<Rightarrow> Le a')"
-  | "simpfm (Gt a) = (let a' = simpnum a in case a' of C v \<Rightarrow> if (v > 0)  then T else F | _ \<Rightarrow> Gt a')"
-  | "simpfm (Ge a) = (let a' = simpnum a in case a' of C v \<Rightarrow> if (v \<ge> 0)  then T else F | _ \<Rightarrow> Ge a')"
-  | "simpfm (Eq a) = (let a' = simpnum a in case a' of C v \<Rightarrow> if (v = 0)  then T else F | _ \<Rightarrow> Eq a')"
-  | "simpfm (NEq a) = (let a' = simpnum a in case a' of C v \<Rightarrow> if (v \<noteq> 0)  then T else F | _ \<Rightarrow> NEq a')"
-  | "simpfm (Dvd i a) = (if i=0 then simpfm (Eq a)
-             else if (abs i = 1) then T
-             else let a' = simpnum a in case a' of C v \<Rightarrow> if (i dvd v)  then T else F | _ \<Rightarrow> Dvd i a')"
-  | "simpfm (NDvd i a) = (if i=0 then simpfm (NEq a) 
-             else if (abs i = 1) then F
-             else let a' = simpnum a in case a' of C v \<Rightarrow> if (\<not>(i dvd v)) then T else F | _ \<Rightarrow> NDvd i a')"
-  | "simpfm p = p"
-by pat_completeness auto
-termination by (relation "measure fmsize") auto
-
-lemma simpfm: "Ifm bbs bs (simpfm p) = Ifm bbs bs p"
-proof(induct p rule: simpfm.induct)
-  case (6 a) let ?sa = "simpnum a" from simpnum_ci have sa: "Inum bs ?sa = Inum bs a" by simp
-  {fix v assume "?sa = C v" hence ?case using sa by simp }
-  moreover {assume "\<not> (\<exists> v. ?sa = C v)" hence ?case using sa 
-      by (cases ?sa, simp_all add: Let_def)}
-  ultimately show ?case by blast
-next
-  case (7 a)  let ?sa = "simpnum a" 
-  from simpnum_ci have sa: "Inum bs ?sa = Inum bs a" by simp
-  {fix v assume "?sa = C v" hence ?case using sa by simp }
-  moreover {assume "\<not> (\<exists> v. ?sa = C v)" hence ?case using sa 
-      by (cases ?sa, simp_all add: Let_def)}
-  ultimately show ?case by blast
-next
-  case (8 a)  let ?sa = "simpnum a" 
-  from simpnum_ci have sa: "Inum bs ?sa = Inum bs a" by simp
-  {fix v assume "?sa = C v" hence ?case using sa by simp }
-  moreover {assume "\<not> (\<exists> v. ?sa = C v)" hence ?case using sa 
-      by (cases ?sa, simp_all add: Let_def)}
-  ultimately show ?case by blast
-next
-  case (9 a)  let ?sa = "simpnum a" 
-  from simpnum_ci have sa: "Inum bs ?sa = Inum bs a" by simp
-  {fix v assume "?sa = C v" hence ?case using sa by simp }
-  moreover {assume "\<not> (\<exists> v. ?sa = C v)" hence ?case using sa 
-      by (cases ?sa, simp_all add: Let_def)}
-  ultimately show ?case by blast
-next
-  case (10 a)  let ?sa = "simpnum a" 
-  from simpnum_ci have sa: "Inum bs ?sa = Inum bs a" by simp
-  {fix v assume "?sa = C v" hence ?case using sa by simp }
-  moreover {assume "\<not> (\<exists> v. ?sa = C v)" hence ?case using sa 
-      by (cases ?sa, simp_all add: Let_def)}
-  ultimately show ?case by blast
-next
-  case (11 a)  let ?sa = "simpnum a" 
-  from simpnum_ci have sa: "Inum bs ?sa = Inum bs a" by simp
-  {fix v assume "?sa = C v" hence ?case using sa by simp }
-  moreover {assume "\<not> (\<exists> v. ?sa = C v)" hence ?case using sa 
-      by (cases ?sa, simp_all add: Let_def)}
-  ultimately show ?case by blast
-next
-  case (12 i a)  let ?sa = "simpnum a" from simpnum_ci 
-  have sa: "Inum bs ?sa = Inum bs a" by simp
-  have "i=0 \<or> abs i = 1 \<or> (i\<noteq>0 \<and> (abs i \<noteq> 1))" by auto
-  {assume "i=0" hence ?case using "12.hyps" by (simp add: dvd_def Let_def)}
-  moreover 
-  {assume i1: "abs i = 1"
-      from zdvd_1_left[where m = "Inum bs a"] uminus_dvd_conv[where d="1" and t="Inum bs a"]
-      have ?case using i1 apply (cases "i=0", simp_all add: Let_def) 
-	by (cases "i > 0", simp_all)}
-  moreover   
-  {assume inz: "i\<noteq>0" and cond: "abs i \<noteq> 1"
-    {fix v assume "?sa = C v" hence ?case using sa[symmetric] inz cond
-	by (cases "abs i = 1", auto) }
-    moreover {assume "\<not> (\<exists> v. ?sa = C v)" 
-      hence "simpfm (Dvd i a) = Dvd i ?sa" using inz cond 
-	by (cases ?sa, auto simp add: Let_def)
-      hence ?case using sa by simp}
-    ultimately have ?case by blast}
-  ultimately show ?case by blast
-next
-  case (13 i a)  let ?sa = "simpnum a" from simpnum_ci 
-  have sa: "Inum bs ?sa = Inum bs a" by simp
-  have "i=0 \<or> abs i = 1 \<or> (i\<noteq>0 \<and> (abs i \<noteq> 1))" by auto
-  {assume "i=0" hence ?case using "13.hyps" by (simp add: dvd_def Let_def)}
-  moreover 
-  {assume i1: "abs i = 1"
-      from zdvd_1_left[where m = "Inum bs a"] uminus_dvd_conv[where d="1" and t="Inum bs a"]
-      have ?case using i1 apply (cases "i=0", simp_all add: Let_def)
-      apply (cases "i > 0", simp_all) done}
-  moreover   
-  {assume inz: "i\<noteq>0" and cond: "abs i \<noteq> 1"
-    {fix v assume "?sa = C v" hence ?case using sa[symmetric] inz cond
-	by (cases "abs i = 1", auto) }
-    moreover {assume "\<not> (\<exists> v. ?sa = C v)" 
-      hence "simpfm (NDvd i a) = NDvd i ?sa" using inz cond 
-	by (cases ?sa, auto simp add: Let_def)
-      hence ?case using sa by simp}
-    ultimately have ?case by blast}
-  ultimately show ?case by blast
-qed (induct p rule: simpfm.induct, simp_all add: conj disj imp iff not)
-
-lemma simpfm_bound0: "bound0 p \<Longrightarrow> bound0 (simpfm p)"
-proof(induct p rule: simpfm.induct)
-  case (6 a) hence nb: "numbound0 a" by simp
-  hence "numbound0 (simpnum a)" by (simp only: simpnum_numbound0[OF nb])
-  thus ?case by (cases "simpnum a", auto simp add: Let_def)
-next
-  case (7 a) hence nb: "numbound0 a" by simp
-  hence "numbound0 (simpnum a)" by (simp only: simpnum_numbound0[OF nb])
-  thus ?case by (cases "simpnum a", auto simp add: Let_def)
-next
-  case (8 a) hence nb: "numbound0 a" by simp
-  hence "numbound0 (simpnum a)" by (simp only: simpnum_numbound0[OF nb])
-  thus ?case by (cases "simpnum a", auto simp add: Let_def)
-next
-  case (9 a) hence nb: "numbound0 a" by simp
-  hence "numbound0 (simpnum a)" by (simp only: simpnum_numbound0[OF nb])
-  thus ?case by (cases "simpnum a", auto simp add: Let_def)
-next
-  case (10 a) hence nb: "numbound0 a" by simp
-  hence "numbound0 (simpnum a)" by (simp only: simpnum_numbound0[OF nb])
-  thus ?case by (cases "simpnum a", auto simp add: Let_def)
-next
-  case (11 a) hence nb: "numbound0 a" by simp
-  hence "numbound0 (simpnum a)" by (simp only: simpnum_numbound0[OF nb])
-  thus ?case by (cases "simpnum a", auto simp add: Let_def)
-next
-  case (12 i a) hence nb: "numbound0 a" by simp
-  hence "numbound0 (simpnum a)" by (simp only: simpnum_numbound0[OF nb])
-  thus ?case by (cases "simpnum a", auto simp add: Let_def)
-next
-  case (13 i a) hence nb: "numbound0 a" by simp
-  hence "numbound0 (simpnum a)" by (simp only: simpnum_numbound0[OF nb])
-  thus ?case by (cases "simpnum a", auto simp add: Let_def)
-qed(auto simp add: disj_def imp_def iff_def conj_def not_bn)
-
-lemma simpfm_qf: "qfree p \<Longrightarrow> qfree (simpfm p)"
-by (induct p rule: simpfm.induct, auto simp add: disj_qf imp_qf iff_qf conj_qf not_qf Let_def)
- (case_tac "simpnum a",auto)+
-
-  (* Generic quantifier elimination *)
-consts qelim :: "fm \<Rightarrow> (fm \<Rightarrow> fm) \<Rightarrow> fm"
-recdef qelim "measure fmsize"
-  "qelim (E p) = (\<lambda> qe. DJ qe (qelim p qe))"
-  "qelim (A p) = (\<lambda> qe. not (qe ((qelim (NOT p) qe))))"
-  "qelim (NOT p) = (\<lambda> qe. not (qelim p qe))"
-  "qelim (And p q) = (\<lambda> qe. conj (qelim p qe) (qelim q qe))" 
-  "qelim (Or  p q) = (\<lambda> qe. disj (qelim p qe) (qelim q qe))" 
-  "qelim (Imp p q) = (\<lambda> qe. imp (qelim p qe) (qelim q qe))"
-  "qelim (Iff p q) = (\<lambda> qe. iff (qelim p qe) (qelim q qe))"
-  "qelim p = (\<lambda> y. simpfm p)"
-
-(*function (sequential)
-  qelim :: "(fm \<Rightarrow> fm) \<Rightarrow> fm \<Rightarrow> fm"
-where
-  "qelim qe (E p) = DJ qe (qelim qe p)"
-  | "qelim qe (A p) = not (qe ((qelim qe (NOT p))))"
-  | "qelim qe (NOT p) = not (qelim qe p)"
-  | "qelim qe (And p q) = conj (qelim qe p) (qelim qe q)" 
-  | "qelim qe (Or  p q) = disj (qelim qe p) (qelim qe q)" 
-  | "qelim qe (Imp p q) = imp (qelim qe p) (qelim qe q)"
-  | "qelim qe (Iff p q) = iff (qelim qe p) (qelim qe q)"
-  | "qelim qe p = simpfm p"
-by pat_completeness auto
-termination by (relation "measure (fmsize o snd)") auto*)
-
-lemma qelim_ci:
-  assumes qe_inv: "\<forall> bs p. qfree p \<longrightarrow> qfree (qe p) \<and> (Ifm bbs bs (qe p) = Ifm bbs bs (E p))"
-  shows "\<And> bs. qfree (qelim p qe) \<and> (Ifm bbs bs (qelim p qe) = Ifm bbs bs p)"
-using qe_inv DJ_qe[OF qe_inv] 
-by(induct p rule: qelim.induct) 
-(auto simp add: not disj conj iff imp not_qf disj_qf conj_qf imp_qf iff_qf 
-  simpfm simpfm_qf simp del: simpfm.simps)
-  (* Linearity for fm where Bound 0 ranges over \<int> *)
-
-fun
-  zsplit0 :: "num \<Rightarrow> int \<times> num" (* splits the bounded from the unbounded part*)
-where
-  "zsplit0 (C c) = (0,C c)"
-  | "zsplit0 (Bound n) = (if n=0 then (1, C 0) else (0,Bound n))"
-  | "zsplit0 (CN n i a) = 
-      (let (i',a') =  zsplit0 a 
-       in if n=0 then (i+i', a') else (i',CN n i a'))"
-  | "zsplit0 (Neg a) = (let (i',a') =  zsplit0 a in (-i', Neg a'))"
-  | "zsplit0 (Add a b) = (let (ia,a') =  zsplit0 a ; 
-                            (ib,b') =  zsplit0 b 
-                            in (ia+ib, Add a' b'))"
-  | "zsplit0 (Sub a b) = (let (ia,a') =  zsplit0 a ; 
-                            (ib,b') =  zsplit0 b 
-                            in (ia-ib, Sub a' b'))"
-  | "zsplit0 (Mul i a) = (let (i',a') =  zsplit0 a in (i*i', Mul i a'))"
-
-lemma zsplit0_I:
-  shows "\<And> n a. zsplit0 t = (n,a) \<Longrightarrow> (Inum ((x::int) #bs) (CN 0 n a) = Inum (x #bs) t) \<and> numbound0 a"
-  (is "\<And> n a. ?S t = (n,a) \<Longrightarrow> (?I x (CN 0 n a) = ?I x t) \<and> ?N a")
-proof(induct t rule: zsplit0.induct)
-  case (1 c n a) thus ?case by auto 
-next
-  case (2 m n a) thus ?case by (cases "m=0") auto
-next
-  case (3 m i a n a')
-  let ?j = "fst (zsplit0 a)"
-  let ?b = "snd (zsplit0 a)"
-  have abj: "zsplit0 a = (?j,?b)" by simp 
-  {assume "m\<noteq>0" 
-    with prems(1)[OF abj] prems(2) have ?case by (auto simp add: Let_def split_def)}
-  moreover
-  {assume m0: "m =0"
-    from abj have th: "a'=?b \<and> n=i+?j" using prems 
-      by (simp add: Let_def split_def)
-    from abj prems  have th2: "(?I x (CN 0 ?j ?b) = ?I x a) \<and> ?N ?b" by blast
-    from th have "?I x (CN 0 n a') = ?I x (CN 0 (i+?j) ?b)" by simp
-    also from th2 have "\<dots> = ?I x (CN 0 i (CN 0 ?j ?b))" by (simp add: left_distrib)
-  finally have "?I x (CN 0 n a') = ?I  x (CN 0 i a)" using th2 by simp
-  with th2 th have ?case using m0 by blast} 
-ultimately show ?case by blast
-next
-  case (4 t n a)
-  let ?nt = "fst (zsplit0 t)"
-  let ?at = "snd (zsplit0 t)"
-  have abj: "zsplit0 t = (?nt,?at)" by simp hence th: "a=Neg ?at \<and> n=-?nt" using prems 
-    by (simp add: Let_def split_def)
-  from abj prems  have th2: "(?I x (CN 0 ?nt ?at) = ?I x t) \<and> ?N ?at" by blast
-  from th2[simplified] th[simplified] show ?case by simp
-next
-  case (5 s t n a)
-  let ?ns = "fst (zsplit0 s)"
-  let ?as = "snd (zsplit0 s)"
-  let ?nt = "fst (zsplit0 t)"
-  let ?at = "snd (zsplit0 t)"
-  have abjs: "zsplit0 s = (?ns,?as)" by simp 
-  moreover have abjt:  "zsplit0 t = (?nt,?at)" by simp 
-  ultimately have th: "a=Add ?as ?at \<and> n=?ns + ?nt" using prems 
-    by (simp add: Let_def split_def)
-  from abjs[symmetric] have bluddy: "\<exists> x y. (x,y) = zsplit0 s" by blast
-  from prems have "(\<exists> x y. (x,y) = zsplit0 s) \<longrightarrow> (\<forall>xa xb. zsplit0 t = (xa, xb) \<longrightarrow> Inum (x # bs) (CN 0 xa xb) = Inum (x # bs) t \<and> numbound0 xb)" by auto
-  with bluddy abjt have th3: "(?I x (CN 0 ?nt ?at) = ?I x t) \<and> ?N ?at" by blast
-  from abjs prems  have th2: "(?I x (CN 0 ?ns ?as) = ?I x s) \<and> ?N ?as" by blast
-  from th3[simplified] th2[simplified] th[simplified] show ?case 
-    by (simp add: left_distrib)
-next
-  case (6 s t n a)
-  let ?ns = "fst (zsplit0 s)"
-  let ?as = "snd (zsplit0 s)"
-  let ?nt = "fst (zsplit0 t)"
-  let ?at = "snd (zsplit0 t)"
-  have abjs: "zsplit0 s = (?ns,?as)" by simp 
-  moreover have abjt:  "zsplit0 t = (?nt,?at)" by simp 
-  ultimately have th: "a=Sub ?as ?at \<and> n=?ns - ?nt" using prems 
-    by (simp add: Let_def split_def)
-  from abjs[symmetric] have bluddy: "\<exists> x y. (x,y) = zsplit0 s" by blast
-  from prems have "(\<exists> x y. (x,y) = zsplit0 s) \<longrightarrow> (\<forall>xa xb. zsplit0 t = (xa, xb) \<longrightarrow> Inum (x # bs) (CN 0 xa xb) = Inum (x # bs) t \<and> numbound0 xb)" by auto
-  with bluddy abjt have th3: "(?I x (CN 0 ?nt ?at) = ?I x t) \<and> ?N ?at" by blast
-  from abjs prems  have th2: "(?I x (CN 0 ?ns ?as) = ?I x s) \<and> ?N ?as" by blast
-  from th3[simplified] th2[simplified] th[simplified] show ?case 
-    by (simp add: left_diff_distrib)
-next
-  case (7 i t n a)
-  let ?nt = "fst (zsplit0 t)"
-  let ?at = "snd (zsplit0 t)"
-  have abj: "zsplit0 t = (?nt,?at)" by simp hence th: "a=Mul i ?at \<and> n=i*?nt" using prems 
-    by (simp add: Let_def split_def)
-  from abj prems  have th2: "(?I x (CN 0 ?nt ?at) = ?I x t) \<and> ?N ?at" by blast
-  hence " ?I x (Mul i t) = i * ?I x (CN 0 ?nt ?at)" by simp
-  also have "\<dots> = ?I x (CN 0 (i*?nt) (Mul i ?at))" by (simp add: right_distrib)
-  finally show ?case using th th2 by simp
-qed
-
-consts
-  iszlfm :: "fm \<Rightarrow> bool"   (* Linearity test for fm *)
-recdef iszlfm "measure size"
-  "iszlfm (And p q) = (iszlfm p \<and> iszlfm q)" 
-  "iszlfm (Or p q) = (iszlfm p \<and> iszlfm q)" 
-  "iszlfm (Eq  (CN 0 c e)) = (c>0 \<and> numbound0 e)"
-  "iszlfm (NEq (CN 0 c e)) = (c>0 \<and> numbound0 e)"
-  "iszlfm (Lt  (CN 0 c e)) = (c>0 \<and> numbound0 e)"
-  "iszlfm (Le  (CN 0 c e)) = (c>0 \<and> numbound0 e)"
-  "iszlfm (Gt  (CN 0 c e)) = (c>0 \<and> numbound0 e)"
-  "iszlfm (Ge  (CN 0 c e)) = ( c>0 \<and> numbound0 e)"
-  "iszlfm (Dvd i (CN 0 c e)) = 
-                 (c>0 \<and> i>0 \<and> numbound0 e)"
-  "iszlfm (NDvd i (CN 0 c e))= 
-                 (c>0 \<and> i>0 \<and> numbound0 e)"
-  "iszlfm p = (isatom p \<and> (bound0 p))"
-
-lemma zlin_qfree: "iszlfm p \<Longrightarrow> qfree p"
-  by (induct p rule: iszlfm.induct) auto
-
-consts
-  zlfm :: "fm \<Rightarrow> fm"       (* Linearity transformation for fm *)
-recdef zlfm "measure fmsize"
-  "zlfm (And p q) = And (zlfm p) (zlfm q)"
-  "zlfm (Or p q) = Or (zlfm p) (zlfm q)"
-  "zlfm (Imp p q) = Or (zlfm (NOT p)) (zlfm q)"
-  "zlfm (Iff p q) = Or (And (zlfm p) (zlfm q)) (And (zlfm (NOT p)) (zlfm (NOT q)))"
-  "zlfm (Lt a) = (let (c,r) = zsplit0 a in 
-     if c=0 then Lt r else 
-     if c>0 then (Lt (CN 0 c r)) else (Gt (CN 0 (- c) (Neg r))))"
-  "zlfm (Le a) = (let (c,r) = zsplit0 a in 
-     if c=0 then Le r else 
-     if c>0 then (Le (CN 0 c r)) else (Ge (CN 0 (- c) (Neg r))))"
-  "zlfm (Gt a) = (let (c,r) = zsplit0 a in 
-     if c=0 then Gt r else 
-     if c>0 then (Gt (CN 0 c r)) else (Lt (CN 0 (- c) (Neg r))))"
-  "zlfm (Ge a) = (let (c,r) = zsplit0 a in 
-     if c=0 then Ge r else 
-     if c>0 then (Ge (CN 0 c r)) else (Le (CN 0 (- c) (Neg r))))"
-  "zlfm (Eq a) = (let (c,r) = zsplit0 a in 
-     if c=0 then Eq r else 
-     if c>0 then (Eq (CN 0 c r)) else (Eq (CN 0 (- c) (Neg r))))"
-  "zlfm (NEq a) = (let (c,r) = zsplit0 a in 
-     if c=0 then NEq r else 
-     if c>0 then (NEq (CN 0 c r)) else (NEq (CN 0 (- c) (Neg r))))"
-  "zlfm (Dvd i a) = (if i=0 then zlfm (Eq a) 
-        else (let (c,r) = zsplit0 a in 
-              if c=0 then (Dvd (abs i) r) else 
-      if c>0 then (Dvd (abs i) (CN 0 c r))
-      else (Dvd (abs i) (CN 0 (- c) (Neg r)))))"
-  "zlfm (NDvd i a) = (if i=0 then zlfm (NEq a) 
-        else (let (c,r) = zsplit0 a in 
-              if c=0 then (NDvd (abs i) r) else 
-      if c>0 then (NDvd (abs i) (CN 0 c r))
-      else (NDvd (abs i) (CN 0 (- c) (Neg r)))))"
-  "zlfm (NOT (And p q)) = Or (zlfm (NOT p)) (zlfm (NOT q))"
-  "zlfm (NOT (Or p q)) = And (zlfm (NOT p)) (zlfm (NOT q))"
-  "zlfm (NOT (Imp p q)) = And (zlfm p) (zlfm (NOT q))"
-  "zlfm (NOT (Iff p q)) = Or (And(zlfm p) (zlfm(NOT q))) (And (zlfm(NOT p)) (zlfm q))"
-  "zlfm (NOT (NOT p)) = zlfm p"
-  "zlfm (NOT T) = F"
-  "zlfm (NOT F) = T"
-  "zlfm (NOT (Lt a)) = zlfm (Ge a)"
-  "zlfm (NOT (Le a)) = zlfm (Gt a)"
-  "zlfm (NOT (Gt a)) = zlfm (Le a)"
-  "zlfm (NOT (Ge a)) = zlfm (Lt a)"
-  "zlfm (NOT (Eq a)) = zlfm (NEq a)"
-  "zlfm (NOT (NEq a)) = zlfm (Eq a)"
-  "zlfm (NOT (Dvd i a)) = zlfm (NDvd i a)"
-  "zlfm (NOT (NDvd i a)) = zlfm (Dvd i a)"
-  "zlfm (NOT (Closed P)) = NClosed P"
-  "zlfm (NOT (NClosed P)) = Closed P"
-  "zlfm p = p" (hints simp add: fmsize_pos)
-
-lemma zlfm_I:
-  assumes qfp: "qfree p"
-  shows "(Ifm bbs (i#bs) (zlfm p) = Ifm bbs (i# bs) p) \<and> iszlfm (zlfm p)"
-  (is "(?I (?l p) = ?I p) \<and> ?L (?l p)")
-using qfp
-proof(induct p rule: zlfm.induct)
-  case (5 a) 
-  let ?c = "fst (zsplit0 a)"
-  let ?r = "snd (zsplit0 a)"
-  have spl: "zsplit0 a = (?c,?r)" by simp
-  from zsplit0_I[OF spl, where x="i" and bs="bs"] 
-  have Ia:"Inum (i # bs) a = Inum (i #bs) (CN 0 ?c ?r)" and nb: "numbound0 ?r" by auto 
-  let ?N = "\<lambda> t. Inum (i#bs) t"
-  from prems Ia nb  show ?case 
-    apply (auto simp add: Let_def split_def algebra_simps) 
-    apply (cases "?r",auto)
-    apply (case_tac nat, auto)
-    done
-next
-  case (6 a)  
-  let ?c = "fst (zsplit0 a)"
-  let ?r = "snd (zsplit0 a)"
-  have spl: "zsplit0 a = (?c,?r)" by simp
-  from zsplit0_I[OF spl, where x="i" and bs="bs"] 
-  have Ia:"Inum (i # bs) a = Inum (i #bs) (CN 0 ?c ?r)" and nb: "numbound0 ?r" by auto 
-  let ?N = "\<lambda> t. Inum (i#bs) t"
-  from prems Ia nb  show ?case 
-    apply (auto simp add: Let_def split_def algebra_simps) 
-    apply (cases "?r",auto)
-    apply (case_tac nat, auto)
-    done
-next
-  case (7 a)  
-  let ?c = "fst (zsplit0 a)"
-  let ?r = "snd (zsplit0 a)"
-  have spl: "zsplit0 a = (?c,?r)" by simp
-  from zsplit0_I[OF spl, where x="i" and bs="bs"] 
-  have Ia:"Inum (i # bs) a = Inum (i #bs) (CN 0 ?c ?r)" and nb: "numbound0 ?r" by auto 
-  let ?N = "\<lambda> t. Inum (i#bs) t"
-  from prems Ia nb  show ?case 
-    apply (auto simp add: Let_def split_def algebra_simps) 
-    apply (cases "?r",auto)
-    apply (case_tac nat, auto)
-    done
-next
-  case (8 a)  
-  let ?c = "fst (zsplit0 a)"
-  let ?r = "snd (zsplit0 a)"
-  have spl: "zsplit0 a = (?c,?r)" by simp
-  from zsplit0_I[OF spl, where x="i" and bs="bs"] 
-  have Ia:"Inum (i # bs) a = Inum (i #bs) (CN 0 ?c ?r)" and nb: "numbound0 ?r" by auto 
-  let ?N = "\<lambda> t. Inum (i#bs) t"
-  from prems Ia nb  show ?case 
-    apply (auto simp add: Let_def split_def algebra_simps) 
-    apply (cases "?r",auto)
-    apply (case_tac nat, auto)
-    done
-next
-  case (9 a)  
-  let ?c = "fst (zsplit0 a)"
-  let ?r = "snd (zsplit0 a)"
-  have spl: "zsplit0 a = (?c,?r)" by simp
-  from zsplit0_I[OF spl, where x="i" and bs="bs"] 
-  have Ia:"Inum (i # bs) a = Inum (i #bs) (CN 0 ?c ?r)" and nb: "numbound0 ?r" by auto 
-  let ?N = "\<lambda> t. Inum (i#bs) t"
-  from prems Ia nb  show ?case 
-    apply (auto simp add: Let_def split_def algebra_simps) 
-    apply (cases "?r",auto)
-    apply (case_tac nat, auto)
-    done
-next
-  case (10 a)  
-  let ?c = "fst (zsplit0 a)"
-  let ?r = "snd (zsplit0 a)"
-  have spl: "zsplit0 a = (?c,?r)" by simp
-  from zsplit0_I[OF spl, where x="i" and bs="bs"] 
-  have Ia:"Inum (i # bs) a = Inum (i #bs) (CN 0 ?c ?r)" and nb: "numbound0 ?r" by auto 
-  let ?N = "\<lambda> t. Inum (i#bs) t"
-  from prems Ia nb  show ?case 
-    apply (auto simp add: Let_def split_def algebra_simps) 
-    apply (cases "?r",auto)
-    apply (case_tac nat, auto)
-    done
-next
-  case (11 j a)  
-  let ?c = "fst (zsplit0 a)"
-  let ?r = "snd (zsplit0 a)"
-  have spl: "zsplit0 a = (?c,?r)" by simp
-  from zsplit0_I[OF spl, where x="i" and bs="bs"] 
-  have Ia:"Inum (i # bs) a = Inum (i #bs) (CN 0 ?c ?r)" and nb: "numbound0 ?r" by auto 
-  let ?N = "\<lambda> t. Inum (i#bs) t"
-  have "j=0 \<or> (j\<noteq>0 \<and> ?c = 0) \<or> (j\<noteq>0 \<and> ?c >0) \<or> (j\<noteq> 0 \<and> ?c<0)" by arith
-  moreover
-  {assume "j=0" hence z: "zlfm (Dvd j a) = (zlfm (Eq a))" by (simp add: Let_def) 
-    hence ?case using prems by (simp del: zlfm.simps add: zdvd_0_left)}
-  moreover
-  {assume "?c=0" and "j\<noteq>0" hence ?case 
-      using zsplit0_I[OF spl, where x="i" and bs="bs"]
-    apply (auto simp add: Let_def split_def algebra_simps) 
-    apply (cases "?r",auto)
-    apply (case_tac nat, auto)
-    done}
-  moreover
-  {assume cp: "?c > 0" and jnz: "j\<noteq>0" hence l: "?L (?l (Dvd j a))" 
-      by (simp add: nb Let_def split_def)
-    hence ?case using Ia cp jnz by (simp add: Let_def split_def)}
-  moreover
-  {assume cn: "?c < 0" and jnz: "j\<noteq>0" hence l: "?L (?l (Dvd j a))" 
-      by (simp add: nb Let_def split_def)
-    hence ?case using Ia cn jnz zdvd_zminus_iff[where m="abs j" and n="?c*i + ?N ?r" ]
-      by (simp add: Let_def split_def) }
-  ultimately show ?case by blast
-next
-  case (12 j a) 
-  let ?c = "fst (zsplit0 a)"
-  let ?r = "snd (zsplit0 a)"
-  have spl: "zsplit0 a = (?c,?r)" by simp
-  from zsplit0_I[OF spl, where x="i" and bs="bs"] 
-  have Ia:"Inum (i # bs) a = Inum (i #bs) (CN 0 ?c ?r)" and nb: "numbound0 ?r" by auto 
-  let ?N = "\<lambda> t. Inum (i#bs) t"
-  have "j=0 \<or> (j\<noteq>0 \<and> ?c = 0) \<or> (j\<noteq>0 \<and> ?c >0) \<or> (j\<noteq> 0 \<and> ?c<0)" by arith
-  moreover
-  {assume "j=0" hence z: "zlfm (NDvd j a) = (zlfm (NEq a))" by (simp add: Let_def) 
-    hence ?case using prems by (simp del: zlfm.simps add: zdvd_0_left)}
-  moreover
-  {assume "?c=0" and "j\<noteq>0" hence ?case 
-      using zsplit0_I[OF spl, where x="i" and bs="bs"]
-    apply (auto simp add: Let_def split_def algebra_simps) 
-    apply (cases "?r",auto)
-    apply (case_tac nat, auto)
-    done}
-  moreover
-  {assume cp: "?c > 0" and jnz: "j\<noteq>0" hence l: "?L (?l (Dvd j a))" 
-      by (simp add: nb Let_def split_def)
-    hence ?case using Ia cp jnz by (simp add: Let_def split_def) }
-  moreover
-  {assume cn: "?c < 0" and jnz: "j\<noteq>0" hence l: "?L (?l (Dvd j a))" 
-      by (simp add: nb Let_def split_def)
-    hence ?case using Ia cn jnz zdvd_zminus_iff[where m="abs j" and n="?c*i + ?N ?r" ]
-      by (simp add: Let_def split_def)}
-  ultimately show ?case by blast
-qed auto
-
-consts 
-  plusinf:: "fm \<Rightarrow> fm" (* Virtual substitution of +\<infinity>*)
-  minusinf:: "fm \<Rightarrow> fm" (* Virtual substitution of -\<infinity>*)
-  \<delta> :: "fm \<Rightarrow> int" (* Compute lcm {d| N\<^isup>?\<^isup> Dvd c*x+t \<in> p}*)
-  d\<delta> :: "fm \<Rightarrow> int \<Rightarrow> bool" (* checks if a given l divides all the ds above*)
-
-recdef minusinf "measure size"
-  "minusinf (And p q) = And (minusinf p) (minusinf q)" 
-  "minusinf (Or p q) = Or (minusinf p) (minusinf q)" 
-  "minusinf (Eq  (CN 0 c e)) = F"
-  "minusinf (NEq (CN 0 c e)) = T"
-  "minusinf (Lt  (CN 0 c e)) = T"
-  "minusinf (Le  (CN 0 c e)) = T"
-  "minusinf (Gt  (CN 0 c e)) = F"
-  "minusinf (Ge  (CN 0 c e)) = F"
-  "minusinf p = p"
-
-lemma minusinf_qfree: "qfree p \<Longrightarrow> qfree (minusinf p)"
-  by (induct p rule: minusinf.induct, auto)
-
-recdef plusinf "measure size"
-  "plusinf (And p q) = And (plusinf p) (plusinf q)" 
-  "plusinf (Or p q) = Or (plusinf p) (plusinf q)" 
-  "plusinf (Eq  (CN 0 c e)) = F"
-  "plusinf (NEq (CN 0 c e)) = T"
-  "plusinf (Lt  (CN 0 c e)) = F"
-  "plusinf (Le  (CN 0 c e)) = F"
-  "plusinf (Gt  (CN 0 c e)) = T"
-  "plusinf (Ge  (CN 0 c e)) = T"
-  "plusinf p = p"
-
-recdef \<delta> "measure size"
-  "\<delta> (And p q) = zlcm (\<delta> p) (\<delta> q)" 
-  "\<delta> (Or p q) = zlcm (\<delta> p) (\<delta> q)" 
-  "\<delta> (Dvd i (CN 0 c e)) = i"
-  "\<delta> (NDvd i (CN 0 c e)) = i"
-  "\<delta> p = 1"
-
-recdef d\<delta> "measure size"
-  "d\<delta> (And p q) = (\<lambda> d. d\<delta> p d \<and> d\<delta> q d)" 
-  "d\<delta> (Or p q) = (\<lambda> d. d\<delta> p d \<and> d\<delta> q d)" 
-  "d\<delta> (Dvd i (CN 0 c e)) = (\<lambda> d. i dvd d)"
-  "d\<delta> (NDvd i (CN 0 c e)) = (\<lambda> d. i dvd d)"
-  "d\<delta> p = (\<lambda> d. True)"
-
-lemma delta_mono: 
-  assumes lin: "iszlfm p"
-  and d: "d dvd d'"
-  and ad: "d\<delta> p d"
-  shows "d\<delta> p d'"
-  using lin ad d
-proof(induct p rule: iszlfm.induct)
-  case (9 i c e)  thus ?case using d
-    by (simp add: zdvd_trans[where m="i" and n="d" and k="d'"])
-next
-  case (10 i c e) thus ?case using d
-    by (simp add: zdvd_trans[where m="i" and n="d" and k="d'"])
-qed simp_all
-
-lemma \<delta> : assumes lin:"iszlfm p"
-  shows "d\<delta> p (\<delta> p) \<and> \<delta> p >0"
-using lin
-proof (induct p rule: iszlfm.induct)
-  case (1 p q) 
-  let ?d = "\<delta> (And p q)"
-  from prems zlcm_pos have dp: "?d >0" by simp
-  have d1: "\<delta> p dvd \<delta> (And p q)" using prems by simp
-  hence th: "d\<delta> p ?d" using delta_mono prems(3-4) by(simp del:dvd_zlcm_self1)
-  have "\<delta> q dvd \<delta> (And p q)" using prems by simp
-  hence th': "d\<delta> q ?d" using delta_mono prems by(simp del:dvd_zlcm_self2)
-  from th th' dp show ?case by simp
-next
-  case (2 p q)  
-  let ?d = "\<delta> (And p q)"
-  from prems zlcm_pos have dp: "?d >0" by simp
-  have "\<delta> p dvd \<delta> (And p q)" using prems by simp
-  hence th: "d\<delta> p ?d" using delta_mono prems by(simp del:dvd_zlcm_self1)
-  have "\<delta> q dvd \<delta> (And p q)" using prems by simp
-  hence th': "d\<delta> q ?d" using delta_mono prems by(simp del:dvd_zlcm_self2)
-  from th th' dp show ?case by simp
-qed simp_all
-
-
-consts 
-  a\<beta> :: "fm \<Rightarrow> int \<Rightarrow> fm" (* adjusts the coeffitients of a formula *)
-  d\<beta> :: "fm \<Rightarrow> int \<Rightarrow> bool" (* tests if all coeffs c of c divide a given l*)
-  \<zeta>  :: "fm \<Rightarrow> int" (* computes the lcm of all coefficients of x*)
-  \<beta> :: "fm \<Rightarrow> num list"
-  \<alpha> :: "fm \<Rightarrow> num list"
-
-recdef a\<beta> "measure size"
-  "a\<beta> (And p q) = (\<lambda> k. And (a\<beta> p k) (a\<beta> q k))" 
-  "a\<beta> (Or p q) = (\<lambda> k. Or (a\<beta> p k) (a\<beta> q k))" 
-  "a\<beta> (Eq  (CN 0 c e)) = (\<lambda> k. Eq (CN 0 1 (Mul (k div c) e)))"
-  "a\<beta> (NEq (CN 0 c e)) = (\<lambda> k. NEq (CN 0 1 (Mul (k div c) e)))"
-  "a\<beta> (Lt  (CN 0 c e)) = (\<lambda> k. Lt (CN 0 1 (Mul (k div c) e)))"
-  "a\<beta> (Le  (CN 0 c e)) = (\<lambda> k. Le (CN 0 1 (Mul (k div c) e)))"
-  "a\<beta> (Gt  (CN 0 c e)) = (\<lambda> k. Gt (CN 0 1 (Mul (k div c) e)))"
-  "a\<beta> (Ge  (CN 0 c e)) = (\<lambda> k. Ge (CN 0 1 (Mul (k div c) e)))"
-  "a\<beta> (Dvd i (CN 0 c e)) =(\<lambda> k. Dvd ((k div c)*i) (CN 0 1 (Mul (k div c) e)))"
-  "a\<beta> (NDvd i (CN 0 c e))=(\<lambda> k. NDvd ((k div c)*i) (CN 0 1 (Mul (k div c) e)))"
-  "a\<beta> p = (\<lambda> k. p)"
-
-recdef d\<beta> "measure size"
-  "d\<beta> (And p q) = (\<lambda> k. (d\<beta> p k) \<and> (d\<beta> q k))" 
-  "d\<beta> (Or p q) = (\<lambda> k. (d\<beta> p k) \<and> (d\<beta> q k))" 
-  "d\<beta> (Eq  (CN 0 c e)) = (\<lambda> k. c dvd k)"
-  "d\<beta> (NEq (CN 0 c e)) = (\<lambda> k. c dvd k)"
-  "d\<beta> (Lt  (CN 0 c e)) = (\<lambda> k. c dvd k)"
-  "d\<beta> (Le  (CN 0 c e)) = (\<lambda> k. c dvd k)"
-  "d\<beta> (Gt  (CN 0 c e)) = (\<lambda> k. c dvd k)"
-  "d\<beta> (Ge  (CN 0 c e)) = (\<lambda> k. c dvd k)"
-  "d\<beta> (Dvd i (CN 0 c e)) =(\<lambda> k. c dvd k)"
-  "d\<beta> (NDvd i (CN 0 c e))=(\<lambda> k. c dvd k)"
-  "d\<beta> p = (\<lambda> k. True)"
-
-recdef \<zeta> "measure size"
-  "\<zeta> (And p q) = zlcm (\<zeta> p) (\<zeta> q)" 
-  "\<zeta> (Or p q) = zlcm (\<zeta> p) (\<zeta> q)" 
-  "\<zeta> (Eq  (CN 0 c e)) = c"
-  "\<zeta> (NEq (CN 0 c e)) = c"
-  "\<zeta> (Lt  (CN 0 c e)) = c"
-  "\<zeta> (Le  (CN 0 c e)) = c"
-  "\<zeta> (Gt  (CN 0 c e)) = c"
-  "\<zeta> (Ge  (CN 0 c e)) = c"
-  "\<zeta> (Dvd i (CN 0 c e)) = c"
-  "\<zeta> (NDvd i (CN 0 c e))= c"
-  "\<zeta> p = 1"
-
-recdef \<beta> "measure size"
-  "\<beta> (And p q) = (\<beta> p @ \<beta> q)" 
-  "\<beta> (Or p q) = (\<beta> p @ \<beta> q)" 
-  "\<beta> (Eq  (CN 0 c e)) = [Sub (C -1) e]"
-  "\<beta> (NEq (CN 0 c e)) = [Neg e]"
-  "\<beta> (Lt  (CN 0 c e)) = []"
-  "\<beta> (Le  (CN 0 c e)) = []"
-  "\<beta> (Gt  (CN 0 c e)) = [Neg e]"
-  "\<beta> (Ge  (CN 0 c e)) = [Sub (C -1) e]"
-  "\<beta> p = []"
-
-recdef \<alpha> "measure size"
-  "\<alpha> (And p q) = (\<alpha> p @ \<alpha> q)" 
-  "\<alpha> (Or p q) = (\<alpha> p @ \<alpha> q)" 
-  "\<alpha> (Eq  (CN 0 c e)) = [Add (C -1) e]"
-  "\<alpha> (NEq (CN 0 c e)) = [e]"
-  "\<alpha> (Lt  (CN 0 c e)) = [e]"
-  "\<alpha> (Le  (CN 0 c e)) = [Add (C -1) e]"
-  "\<alpha> (Gt  (CN 0 c e)) = []"
-  "\<alpha> (Ge  (CN 0 c e)) = []"
-  "\<alpha> p = []"
-consts mirror :: "fm \<Rightarrow> fm"
-recdef mirror "measure size"
-  "mirror (And p q) = And (mirror p) (mirror q)" 
-  "mirror (Or p q) = Or (mirror p) (mirror q)" 
-  "mirror (Eq  (CN 0 c e)) = Eq (CN 0 c (Neg e))"
-  "mirror (NEq (CN 0 c e)) = NEq (CN 0 c (Neg e))"
-  "mirror (Lt  (CN 0 c e)) = Gt (CN 0 c (Neg e))"
-  "mirror (Le  (CN 0 c e)) = Ge (CN 0 c (Neg e))"
-  "mirror (Gt  (CN 0 c e)) = Lt (CN 0 c (Neg e))"
-  "mirror (Ge  (CN 0 c e)) = Le (CN 0 c (Neg e))"
-  "mirror (Dvd i (CN 0 c e)) = Dvd i (CN 0 c (Neg e))"
-  "mirror (NDvd i (CN 0 c e)) = NDvd i (CN 0 c (Neg e))"
-  "mirror p = p"
-    (* Lemmas for the correctness of \<sigma>\<rho> *)
-lemma dvd1_eq1: "x >0 \<Longrightarrow> (x::int) dvd 1 = (x = 1)"
-by simp
-
-lemma minusinf_inf:
-  assumes linp: "iszlfm p"
-  and u: "d\<beta> p 1"
-  shows "\<exists> (z::int). \<forall> x < z. Ifm bbs (x#bs) (minusinf p) = Ifm bbs (x#bs) p"
-  (is "?P p" is "\<exists> (z::int). \<forall> x < z. ?I x (?M p) = ?I x p")
-using linp u
-proof (induct p rule: minusinf.induct)
-  case (1 p q) thus ?case 
-    by auto (rule_tac x="min z za" in exI,simp)
-next
-  case (2 p q) thus ?case 
-    by auto (rule_tac x="min z za" in exI,simp)
-next
-  case (3 c e) hence c1: "c=1" and nb: "numbound0 e" by simp+
-  fix a
-  from 3 have "\<forall> x<(- Inum (a#bs) e). c*x + Inum (x#bs) e \<noteq> 0"
-  proof(clarsimp)
-    fix x assume "x < (- Inum (a#bs) e)" and"x + Inum (x#bs) e = 0"
-    with numbound0_I[OF nb, where bs="bs" and b="a" and b'="x"]
-    show "False" by simp
-  qed
-  thus ?case by auto
-next
-  case (4 c e) hence c1: "c=1" and nb: "numbound0 e" by simp+
-  fix a
-  from 4 have "\<forall> x<(- Inum (a#bs) e). c*x + Inum (x#bs) e \<noteq> 0"
-  proof(clarsimp)
-    fix x assume "x < (- Inum (a#bs) e)" and"x + Inum (x#bs) e = 0"
-    with numbound0_I[OF nb, where bs="bs" and b="a" and b'="x"]
-    show "False" by simp
-  qed
-  thus ?case by auto
-next
-  case (5 c e) hence c1: "c=1" and nb: "numbound0 e" by simp+
-  fix a
-  from 5 have "\<forall> x<(- Inum (a#bs) e). c*x + Inum (x#bs) e < 0"
-  proof(clarsimp)
-    fix x assume "x < (- Inum (a#bs) e)" 
-    with numbound0_I[OF nb, where bs="bs" and b="a" and b'="x"]
-    show "x + Inum (x#bs) e < 0" by simp
-  qed
-  thus ?case by auto
-next
-  case (6 c e) hence c1: "c=1" and nb: "numbound0 e" by simp+
-  fix a
-  from 6 have "\<forall> x<(- Inum (a#bs) e). c*x + Inum (x#bs) e \<le> 0"
-  proof(clarsimp)
-    fix x assume "x < (- Inum (a#bs) e)" 
-    with numbound0_I[OF nb, where bs="bs" and b="a" and b'="x"]
-    show "x + Inum (x#bs) e \<le> 0" by simp
-  qed
-  thus ?case by auto
-next
-  case (7 c e) hence c1: "c=1" and nb: "numbound0 e" by simp+
-  fix a
-  from 7 have "\<forall> x<(- Inum (a#bs) e). \<not> (c*x + Inum (x#bs) e > 0)"
-  proof(clarsimp)
-    fix x assume "x < (- Inum (a#bs) e)" and"x + Inum (x#bs) e > 0"
-    with numbound0_I[OF nb, where bs="bs" and b="a" and b'="x"]
-    show "False" by simp
-  qed
-  thus ?case by auto
-next
-  case (8 c e) hence c1: "c=1" and nb: "numbound0 e" by simp+
-  fix a
-  from 8 have "\<forall> x<(- Inum (a#bs) e). \<not> (c*x + Inum (x#bs) e \<ge> 0)"
-  proof(clarsimp)
-    fix x assume "x < (- Inum (a#bs) e)" and"x + Inum (x#bs) e \<ge> 0"
-    with numbound0_I[OF nb, where bs="bs" and b="a" and b'="x"]
-    show "False" by simp
-  qed
-  thus ?case by auto
-qed auto
-
-lemma minusinf_repeats:
-  assumes d: "d\<delta> p d" and linp: "iszlfm p"
-  shows "Ifm bbs ((x - k*d)#bs) (minusinf p) = Ifm bbs (x #bs) (minusinf p)"
-using linp d
-proof(induct p rule: iszlfm.induct) 
-  case (9 i c e) hence nbe: "numbound0 e"  and id: "i dvd d" by simp+
-    hence "\<exists> k. d=i*k" by (simp add: dvd_def)
-    then obtain "di" where di_def: "d=i*di" by blast
-    show ?case 
-    proof(simp add: numbound0_I[OF nbe,where bs="bs" and b="x - k * d" and b'="x"] right_diff_distrib, rule iffI)
-      assume 
-	"i dvd c * x - c*(k*d) + Inum (x # bs) e"
-      (is "?ri dvd ?rc*?rx - ?rc*(?rk*?rd) + ?I x e" is "?ri dvd ?rt")
-      hence "\<exists> (l::int). ?rt = i * l" by (simp add: dvd_def)
-      hence "\<exists> (l::int). c*x+ ?I x e = i*l+c*(k * i*di)" 
-	by (simp add: algebra_simps di_def)
-      hence "\<exists> (l::int). c*x+ ?I x e = i*(l + c*k*di)"
-	by (simp add: algebra_simps)
-      hence "\<exists> (l::int). c*x+ ?I x e = i*l" by blast
-      thus "i dvd c*x + Inum (x # bs) e" by (simp add: dvd_def) 
-    next
-      assume 
-	"i dvd c*x + Inum (x # bs) e" (is "?ri dvd ?rc*?rx+?e")
-      hence "\<exists> (l::int). c*x+?e = i*l" by (simp add: dvd_def)
-      hence "\<exists> (l::int). c*x - c*(k*d) +?e = i*l - c*(k*d)" by simp
-      hence "\<exists> (l::int). c*x - c*(k*d) +?e = i*l - c*(k*i*di)" by (simp add: di_def)
-      hence "\<exists> (l::int). c*x - c*(k*d) +?e = i*((l - c*k*di))" by (simp add: algebra_simps)
-      hence "\<exists> (l::int). c*x - c * (k*d) +?e = i*l"
-	by blast
-      thus "i dvd c*x - c*(k*d) + Inum (x # bs) e" by (simp add: dvd_def)
-    qed
-next
-  case (10 i c e)  hence nbe: "numbound0 e"  and id: "i dvd d" by simp+
-    hence "\<exists> k. d=i*k" by (simp add: dvd_def)
-    then obtain "di" where di_def: "d=i*di" by blast
-    show ?case 
-    proof(simp add: numbound0_I[OF nbe,where bs="bs" and b="x - k * d" and b'="x"] right_diff_distrib, rule iffI)
-      assume 
-	"i dvd c * x - c*(k*d) + Inum (x # bs) e"
-      (is "?ri dvd ?rc*?rx - ?rc*(?rk*?rd) + ?I x e" is "?ri dvd ?rt")
-      hence "\<exists> (l::int). ?rt = i * l" by (simp add: dvd_def)
-      hence "\<exists> (l::int). c*x+ ?I x e = i*l+c*(k * i*di)" 
-	by (simp add: algebra_simps di_def)
-      hence "\<exists> (l::int). c*x+ ?I x e = i*(l + c*k*di)"
-	by (simp add: algebra_simps)
-      hence "\<exists> (l::int). c*x+ ?I x e = i*l" by blast
-      thus "i dvd c*x + Inum (x # bs) e" by (simp add: dvd_def) 
-    next
-      assume 
-	"i dvd c*x + Inum (x # bs) e" (is "?ri dvd ?rc*?rx+?e")
-      hence "\<exists> (l::int). c*x+?e = i*l" by (simp add: dvd_def)
-      hence "\<exists> (l::int). c*x - c*(k*d) +?e = i*l - c*(k*d)" by simp
-      hence "\<exists> (l::int). c*x - c*(k*d) +?e = i*l - c*(k*i*di)" by (simp add: di_def)
-      hence "\<exists> (l::int). c*x - c*(k*d) +?e = i*((l - c*k*di))" by (simp add: algebra_simps)
-      hence "\<exists> (l::int). c*x - c * (k*d) +?e = i*l"
-	by blast
-      thus "i dvd c*x - c*(k*d) + Inum (x # bs) e" by (simp add: dvd_def)
-    qed
-qed (auto simp add: gr0_conv_Suc numbound0_I[where bs="bs" and b="x - k*d" and b'="x"])
-
-lemma mirror\<alpha>\<beta>:
-  assumes lp: "iszlfm p"
-  shows "(Inum (i#bs)) ` set (\<alpha> p) = (Inum (i#bs)) ` set (\<beta> (mirror p))"
-using lp
-by (induct p rule: mirror.induct, auto)
-
-lemma mirror: 
-  assumes lp: "iszlfm p"
-  shows "Ifm bbs (x#bs) (mirror p) = Ifm bbs ((- x)#bs) p" 
-using lp
-proof(induct p rule: iszlfm.induct)
-  case (9 j c e) hence nb: "numbound0 e" by simp
-  have "Ifm bbs (x#bs) (mirror (Dvd j (CN 0 c e))) = (j dvd c*x - Inum (x#bs) e)" (is "_ = (j dvd c*x - ?e)") by simp
-    also have "\<dots> = (j dvd (- (c*x - ?e)))"
-    by (simp only: zdvd_zminus_iff)
-  also have "\<dots> = (j dvd (c* (- x)) + ?e)"
-    apply (simp only: minus_mult_right[symmetric] minus_mult_left[symmetric] diff_def zadd_ac zminus_zadd_distrib)
-    by (simp add: algebra_simps)
-  also have "\<dots> = Ifm bbs ((- x)#bs) (Dvd j (CN 0 c e))"
-    using numbound0_I[OF nb, where bs="bs" and b="x" and b'="- x"]
-    by simp
-  finally show ?case .
-next
-    case (10 j c e) hence nb: "numbound0 e" by simp
-  have "Ifm bbs (x#bs) (mirror (Dvd j (CN 0 c e))) = (j dvd c*x - Inum (x#bs) e)" (is "_ = (j dvd c*x - ?e)") by simp
-    also have "\<dots> = (j dvd (- (c*x - ?e)))"
-    by (simp only: zdvd_zminus_iff)
-  also have "\<dots> = (j dvd (c* (- x)) + ?e)"
-    apply (simp only: minus_mult_right[symmetric] minus_mult_left[symmetric] diff_def zadd_ac zminus_zadd_distrib)
-    by (simp add: algebra_simps)
-  also have "\<dots> = Ifm bbs ((- x)#bs) (Dvd j (CN 0 c e))"
-    using numbound0_I[OF nb, where bs="bs" and b="x" and b'="- x"]
-    by simp
-  finally show ?case by simp
-qed (auto simp add: numbound0_I[where bs="bs" and b="x" and b'="- x"] gr0_conv_Suc)
-
-lemma mirror_l: "iszlfm p \<and> d\<beta> p 1 
-  \<Longrightarrow> iszlfm (mirror p) \<and> d\<beta> (mirror p) 1"
-by (induct p rule: mirror.induct, auto)
-
-lemma mirror_\<delta>: "iszlfm p \<Longrightarrow> \<delta> (mirror p) = \<delta> p"
-by (induct p rule: mirror.induct,auto)
-
-lemma \<beta>_numbound0: assumes lp: "iszlfm p"
-  shows "\<forall> b\<in> set (\<beta> p). numbound0 b"
-  using lp by (induct p rule: \<beta>.induct,auto)
-
-lemma d\<beta>_mono: 
-  assumes linp: "iszlfm p"
-  and dr: "d\<beta> p l"
-  and d: "l dvd l'"
-  shows "d\<beta> p l'"
-using dr linp zdvd_trans[where n="l" and k="l'", simplified d]
-by (induct p rule: iszlfm.induct) simp_all
-
-lemma \<alpha>_l: assumes lp: "iszlfm p"
-  shows "\<forall> b\<in> set (\<alpha> p). numbound0 b"
-using lp
-by(induct p rule: \<alpha>.induct, auto)
-
-lemma \<zeta>: 
-  assumes linp: "iszlfm p"
-  shows "\<zeta> p > 0 \<and> d\<beta> p (\<zeta> p)"
-using linp
-proof(induct p rule: iszlfm.induct)
-  case (1 p q)
-  from prems have dl1: "\<zeta> p dvd zlcm (\<zeta> p) (\<zeta> q)" by simp
-  from prems have dl2: "\<zeta> q dvd zlcm (\<zeta> p) (\<zeta> q)"  by simp
-  from prems d\<beta>_mono[where p = "p" and l="\<zeta> p" and l'="zlcm (\<zeta> p) (\<zeta> q)"] 
-    d\<beta>_mono[where p = "q" and l="\<zeta> q" and l'="zlcm (\<zeta> p) (\<zeta> q)"] 
-    dl1 dl2 show ?case by (auto simp add: zlcm_pos)
-next
-  case (2 p q)
-  from prems have dl1: "\<zeta> p dvd zlcm (\<zeta> p) (\<zeta> q)" by simp
-  from prems have dl2: "\<zeta> q dvd zlcm (\<zeta> p) (\<zeta> q)" by simp
-  from prems d\<beta>_mono[where p = "p" and l="\<zeta> p" and l'="zlcm (\<zeta> p) (\<zeta> q)"] 
-    d\<beta>_mono[where p = "q" and l="\<zeta> q" and l'="zlcm (\<zeta> p) (\<zeta> q)"] 
-    dl1 dl2 show ?case by (auto simp add: zlcm_pos)
-qed (auto simp add: zlcm_pos)
-
-lemma a\<beta>: assumes linp: "iszlfm p" and d: "d\<beta> p l" and lp: "l > 0"
-  shows "iszlfm (a\<beta> p l) \<and> d\<beta> (a\<beta> p l) 1 \<and> (Ifm bbs (l*x #bs) (a\<beta> p l) = Ifm bbs (x#bs) p)"
-using linp d
-proof (induct p rule: iszlfm.induct)
-  case (5 c e) hence cp: "c>0" and be: "numbound0 e" and d': "c dvd l" by simp+
-    from lp cp have clel: "c\<le>l" by (simp add: zdvd_imp_le [OF d' lp])
-    from cp have cnz: "c \<noteq> 0" by simp
-    have "c div c\<le> l div c"
-      by (simp add: zdiv_mono1[OF clel cp])
-    then have ldcp:"0 < l div c" 
-      by (simp add: zdiv_self[OF cnz])
-    have "c * (l div c) = c* (l div c) + l mod c" using d' zdvd_iff_zmod_eq_0[where m="c" and n="l"] by simp
-    hence cl:"c * (l div c) =l" using zmod_zdiv_equality[where a="l" and b="c", symmetric] 
-      by simp
-    hence "(l*x + (l div c) * Inum (x # bs) e < 0) =
-          ((c * (l div c)) * x + (l div c) * Inum (x # bs) e < 0)"
-      by simp
-    also have "\<dots> = ((l div c) * (c*x + Inum (x # bs) e) < (l div c) * 0)" by (simp add: algebra_simps)
-    also have "\<dots> = (c*x + Inum (x # bs) e < 0)"
-    using mult_less_0_iff [where a="(l div c)" and b="c*x + Inum (x # bs) e"] ldcp by simp
-  finally show ?case using numbound0_I[OF be,where b="l*x" and b'="x" and bs="bs"] be  by simp
-next
-  case (6 c e) hence cp: "c>0" and be: "numbound0 e" and d': "c dvd l" by simp+
-    from lp cp have clel: "c\<le>l" by (simp add: zdvd_imp_le [OF d' lp])
-    from cp have cnz: "c \<noteq> 0" by simp
-    have "c div c\<le> l div c"
-      by (simp add: zdiv_mono1[OF clel cp])
-    then have ldcp:"0 < l div c" 
-      by (simp add: zdiv_self[OF cnz])
-    have "c * (l div c) = c* (l div c) + l mod c" using d' zdvd_iff_zmod_eq_0[where m="c" and n="l"] by simp
-    hence cl:"c * (l div c) =l" using zmod_zdiv_equality[where a="l" and b="c", symmetric] 
-      by simp
-    hence "(l*x + (l div c) * Inum (x# bs) e \<le> 0) =
-          ((c * (l div c)) * x + (l div c) * Inum (x # bs) e \<le> 0)"
-      by simp
-    also have "\<dots> = ((l div c) * (c * x + Inum (x # bs) e) \<le> ((l div c)) * 0)" by (simp add: algebra_simps)
-    also have "\<dots> = (c*x + Inum (x # bs) e \<le> 0)"
-    using mult_le_0_iff [where a="(l div c)" and b="c*x + Inum (x # bs) e"] ldcp by simp
-  finally show ?case using numbound0_I[OF be,where b="l*x" and b'="x" and bs="bs"]  be by simp
-next
-  case (7 c e) hence cp: "c>0" and be: "numbound0 e" and d': "c dvd l" by simp+
-    from lp cp have clel: "c\<le>l" by (simp add: zdvd_imp_le [OF d' lp])
-    from cp have cnz: "c \<noteq> 0" by simp
-    have "c div c\<le> l div c"
-      by (simp add: zdiv_mono1[OF clel cp])
-    then have ldcp:"0 < l div c" 
-      by (simp add: zdiv_self[OF cnz])
-    have "c * (l div c) = c* (l div c) + l mod c" using d' zdvd_iff_zmod_eq_0[where m="c" and n="l"] by simp
-    hence cl:"c * (l div c) =l" using zmod_zdiv_equality[where a="l" and b="c", symmetric] 
-      by simp
-    hence "(l*x + (l div c)* Inum (x # bs) e > 0) =
-          ((c * (l div c)) * x + (l div c) * Inum (x # bs) e > 0)"
-      by simp
-    also have "\<dots> = ((l div c) * (c * x + Inum (x # bs) e) > ((l div c)) * 0)" by (simp add: algebra_simps)
-    also have "\<dots> = (c * x + Inum (x # bs) e > 0)"
-    using zero_less_mult_iff [where a="(l div c)" and b="c * x + Inum (x # bs) e"] ldcp by simp
-  finally show ?case using numbound0_I[OF be,where b="(l * x)" and b'="x" and bs="bs"]  be  by simp
-next
-  case (8 c e) hence cp: "c>0" and be: "numbound0 e" and d': "c dvd l" by simp+
-    from lp cp have clel: "c\<le>l" by (simp add: zdvd_imp_le [OF d' lp])
-    from cp have cnz: "c \<noteq> 0" by simp
-    have "c div c\<le> l div c"
-      by (simp add: zdiv_mono1[OF clel cp])
-    then have ldcp:"0 < l div c" 
-      by (simp add: zdiv_self[OF cnz])
-    have "c * (l div c) = c* (l div c) + l mod c" using d' zdvd_iff_zmod_eq_0[where m="c" and n="l"] by simp
-    hence cl:"c * (l div c) =l" using zmod_zdiv_equality[where a="l" and b="c", symmetric] 
-      by simp
-    hence "(l*x + (l div c)* Inum (x # bs) e \<ge> 0) =
-          ((c*(l div c))*x + (l div c)* Inum (x # bs) e \<ge> 0)"
-      by simp
-    also have "\<dots> = ((l div c)*(c*x + Inum (x # bs) e) \<ge> ((l div c)) * 0)" 
-      by (simp add: algebra_simps)
-    also have "\<dots> = (c*x + Inum (x # bs) e \<ge> 0)" using ldcp 
-      zero_le_mult_iff [where a="l div c" and b="c*x + Inum (x # bs) e"] by simp
-  finally show ?case using be numbound0_I[OF be,where b="l*x" and b'="x" and bs="bs"]  
-    by simp
-next
-  case (3 c e) hence cp: "c>0" and be: "numbound0 e" and d': "c dvd l" by simp+
-    from lp cp have clel: "c\<le>l" by (simp add: zdvd_imp_le [OF d' lp])
-    from cp have cnz: "c \<noteq> 0" by simp
-    have "c div c\<le> l div c"
-      by (simp add: zdiv_mono1[OF clel cp])
-    then have ldcp:"0 < l div c" 
-      by (simp add: zdiv_self[OF cnz])
-    have "c * (l div c) = c* (l div c) + l mod c" using d' zdvd_iff_zmod_eq_0[where m="c" and n="l"] by simp
-    hence cl:"c * (l div c) =l" using zmod_zdiv_equality[where a="l" and b="c", symmetric] 
-      by simp
-    hence "(l * x + (l div c) * Inum (x # bs) e = 0) =
-          ((c * (l div c)) * x + (l div c) * Inum (x # bs) e = 0)"
-      by simp
-    also have "\<dots> = ((l div c) * (c * x + Inum (x # bs) e) = ((l div c)) * 0)" by (simp add: algebra_simps)
-    also have "\<dots> = (c * x + Inum (x # bs) e = 0)"
-    using mult_eq_0_iff [where a="(l div c)" and b="c * x + Inum (x # bs) e"] ldcp by simp
-  finally show ?case using numbound0_I[OF be,where b="(l * x)" and b'="x" and bs="bs"]  be  by simp
-next
-  case (4 c e) hence cp: "c>0" and be: "numbound0 e" and d': "c dvd l" by simp+
-    from lp cp have clel: "c\<le>l" by (simp add: zdvd_imp_le [OF d' lp])
-    from cp have cnz: "c \<noteq> 0" by simp
-    have "c div c\<le> l div c"
-      by (simp add: zdiv_mono1[OF clel cp])
-    then have ldcp:"0 < l div c" 
-      by (simp add: zdiv_self[OF cnz])
-    have "c * (l div c) = c* (l div c) + l mod c" using d' zdvd_iff_zmod_eq_0[where m="c" and n="l"] by simp
-    hence cl:"c * (l div c) =l" using zmod_zdiv_equality[where a="l" and b="c", symmetric] 
-      by simp
-    hence "(l * x + (l div c) * Inum (x # bs) e \<noteq> 0) =
-          ((c * (l div c)) * x + (l div c) * Inum (x # bs) e \<noteq> 0)"
-      by simp
-    also have "\<dots> = ((l div c) * (c * x + Inum (x # bs) e) \<noteq> ((l div c)) * 0)" by (simp add: algebra_simps)
-    also have "\<dots> = (c * x + Inum (x # bs) e \<noteq> 0)"
-    using zero_le_mult_iff [where a="(l div c)" and b="c * x + Inum (x # bs) e"] ldcp by simp
-  finally show ?case using numbound0_I[OF be,where b="(l * x)" and b'="x" and bs="bs"]  be  by simp
-next
-  case (9 j c e) hence cp: "c>0" and be: "numbound0 e" and jp: "j > 0" and d': "c dvd l" by simp+
-    from lp cp have clel: "c\<le>l" by (simp add: zdvd_imp_le [OF d' lp])
-    from cp have cnz: "c \<noteq> 0" by simp
-    have "c div c\<le> l div c"
-      by (simp add: zdiv_mono1[OF clel cp])
-    then have ldcp:"0 < l div c" 
-      by (simp add: zdiv_self[OF cnz])
-    have "c * (l div c) = c* (l div c) + l mod c" using d' zdvd_iff_zmod_eq_0[where m="c" and n="l"] by simp
-    hence cl:"c * (l div c) =l" using zmod_zdiv_equality[where a="l" and b="c", symmetric] 
-      by simp
-    hence "(\<exists> (k::int). l * x + (l div c) * Inum (x # bs) e = ((l div c) * j) * k) = (\<exists> (k::int). (c * (l div c)) * x + (l div c) * Inum (x # bs) e = ((l div c) * j) * k)"  by simp
-    also have "\<dots> = (\<exists> (k::int). (l div c) * (c * x + Inum (x # bs) e - j * k) = (l div c)*0)" by (simp add: algebra_simps)
-    also fix k have "\<dots> = (\<exists> (k::int). c * x + Inum (x # bs) e - j * k = 0)"
-    using zero_le_mult_iff [where a="(l div c)" and b="c * x + Inum (x # bs) e - j * k"] ldcp by simp
-  also have "\<dots> = (\<exists> (k::int). c * x + Inum (x # bs) e = j * k)" by simp
-  finally show ?case using numbound0_I[OF be,where b="(l * x)" and b'="x" and bs="bs"] be  mult_strict_mono[OF ldcp jp ldcp ] by (simp add: dvd_def)
-next
-  case (10 j c e) hence cp: "c>0" and be: "numbound0 e" and jp: "j > 0" and d': "c dvd l" by simp+
-    from lp cp have clel: "c\<le>l" by (simp add: zdvd_imp_le [OF d' lp])
-    from cp have cnz: "c \<noteq> 0" by simp
-    have "c div c\<le> l div c"
-      by (simp add: zdiv_mono1[OF clel cp])
-    then have ldcp:"0 < l div c" 
-      by (simp add: zdiv_self[OF cnz])
-    have "c * (l div c) = c* (l div c) + l mod c" using d' zdvd_iff_zmod_eq_0[where m="c" and n="l"] by simp
-    hence cl:"c * (l div c) =l" using zmod_zdiv_equality[where a="l" and b="c", symmetric] 
-      by simp
-    hence "(\<exists> (k::int). l * x + (l div c) * Inum (x # bs) e = ((l div c) * j) * k) = (\<exists> (k::int). (c * (l div c)) * x + (l div c) * Inum (x # bs) e = ((l div c) * j) * k)"  by simp
-    also have "\<dots> = (\<exists> (k::int). (l div c) * (c * x + Inum (x # bs) e - j * k) = (l div c)*0)" by (simp add: algebra_simps)
-    also fix k have "\<dots> = (\<exists> (k::int). c * x + Inum (x # bs) e - j * k = 0)"
-    using zero_le_mult_iff [where a="(l div c)" and b="c * x + Inum (x # bs) e - j * k"] ldcp by simp
-  also have "\<dots> = (\<exists> (k::int). c * x + Inum (x # bs) e = j * k)" by simp
-  finally show ?case using numbound0_I[OF be,where b="(l * x)" and b'="x" and bs="bs"] be  mult_strict_mono[OF ldcp jp ldcp ] by (simp add: dvd_def)
-qed (auto simp add: gr0_conv_Suc numbound0_I[where bs="bs" and b="(l * x)" and b'="x"])
-
-lemma a\<beta>_ex: assumes linp: "iszlfm p" and d: "d\<beta> p l" and lp: "l>0"
-  shows "(\<exists> x. l dvd x \<and> Ifm bbs (x #bs) (a\<beta> p l)) = (\<exists> (x::int). Ifm bbs (x#bs) p)"
-  (is "(\<exists> x. l dvd x \<and> ?P x) = (\<exists> x. ?P' x)")
-proof-
-  have "(\<exists> x. l dvd x \<and> ?P x) = (\<exists> (x::int). ?P (l*x))"
-    using unity_coeff_ex[where l="l" and P="?P", simplified] by simp
-  also have "\<dots> = (\<exists> (x::int). ?P' x)" using a\<beta>[OF linp d lp] by simp
-  finally show ?thesis  . 
-qed
-
-lemma \<beta>:
-  assumes lp: "iszlfm p"
-  and u: "d\<beta> p 1"
-  and d: "d\<delta> p d"
-  and dp: "d > 0"
-  and nob: "\<not>(\<exists>(j::int) \<in> {1 .. d}. \<exists> b\<in> (Inum (a#bs)) ` set(\<beta> p). x = b + j)"
-  and p: "Ifm bbs (x#bs) p" (is "?P x")
-  shows "?P (x - d)"
-using lp u d dp nob p
-proof(induct p rule: iszlfm.induct)
-  case (5 c e) hence c1: "c=1" and  bn:"numbound0 e" by simp+
-    with dp p c1 numbound0_I[OF bn,where b="(x-d)" and b'="x" and bs="bs"] prems
-    show ?case by simp
-next
-  case (6 c e)  hence c1: "c=1" and  bn:"numbound0 e" by simp+
-    with dp p c1 numbound0_I[OF bn,where b="(x-d)" and b'="x" and bs="bs"] prems
-    show ?case by simp
-next
-  case (7 c e) hence p: "Ifm bbs (x #bs) (Gt (CN 0 c e))" and c1: "c=1" and bn:"numbound0 e" by simp+
-    let ?e = "Inum (x # bs) e"
-    {assume "(x-d) +?e > 0" hence ?case using c1 
-      numbound0_I[OF bn,where b="(x-d)" and b'="x" and bs="bs"] by simp}
-    moreover
-    {assume H: "\<not> (x-d) + ?e > 0" 
-      let ?v="Neg e"
-      have vb: "?v \<in> set (\<beta> (Gt (CN 0 c e)))" by simp
-      from prems(11)[simplified simp_thms Inum.simps \<beta>.simps set.simps bex_simps numbound0_I[OF bn,where b="a" and b'="x" and bs="bs"]] 
-      have nob: "\<not> (\<exists> j\<in> {1 ..d}. x =  - ?e + j)" by auto 
-      from H p have "x + ?e > 0 \<and> x + ?e \<le> d" by (simp add: c1)
-      hence "x + ?e \<ge> 1 \<and> x + ?e \<le> d"  by simp
-      hence "\<exists> (j::int) \<in> {1 .. d}. j = x + ?e" by simp
-      hence "\<exists> (j::int) \<in> {1 .. d}. x = (- ?e + j)" 
-	by (simp add: algebra_simps)
-      with nob have ?case by auto}
-    ultimately show ?case by blast
-next
-  case (8 c e) hence p: "Ifm bbs (x #bs) (Ge (CN 0 c e))" and c1: "c=1" and bn:"numbound0 e" 
-    by simp+
-    let ?e = "Inum (x # bs) e"
-    {assume "(x-d) +?e \<ge> 0" hence ?case using  c1 
-      numbound0_I[OF bn,where b="(x-d)" and b'="x" and bs="bs"]
-	by simp}
-    moreover
-    {assume H: "\<not> (x-d) + ?e \<ge> 0" 
-      let ?v="Sub (C -1) e"
-      have vb: "?v \<in> set (\<beta> (Ge (CN 0 c e)))" by simp
-      from prems(11)[simplified simp_thms Inum.simps \<beta>.simps set.simps bex_simps numbound0_I[OF bn,where b="a" and b'="x" and bs="bs"]] 
-      have nob: "\<not> (\<exists> j\<in> {1 ..d}. x =  - ?e - 1 + j)" by auto 
-      from H p have "x + ?e \<ge> 0 \<and> x + ?e < d" by (simp add: c1)
-      hence "x + ?e +1 \<ge> 1 \<and> x + ?e + 1 \<le> d"  by simp
-      hence "\<exists> (j::int) \<in> {1 .. d}. j = x + ?e + 1" by simp
-      hence "\<exists> (j::int) \<in> {1 .. d}. x= - ?e - 1 + j" by (simp add: algebra_simps)
-      with nob have ?case by simp }
-    ultimately show ?case by blast
-next
-  case (3 c e) hence p: "Ifm bbs (x #bs) (Eq (CN 0 c e))" (is "?p x") and c1: "c=1" and bn:"numbound0 e" by simp+
-    let ?e = "Inum (x # bs) e"
-    let ?v="(Sub (C -1) e)"
-    have vb: "?v \<in> set (\<beta> (Eq (CN 0 c e)))" by simp
-    from p have "x= - ?e" by (simp add: c1) with prems(11) show ?case using dp
-      by simp (erule ballE[where x="1"],
-	simp_all add:algebra_simps numbound0_I[OF bn,where b="x"and b'="a"and bs="bs"])
-next
-  case (4 c e)hence p: "Ifm bbs (x #bs) (NEq (CN 0 c e))" (is "?p x") and c1: "c=1" and bn:"numbound0 e" by simp+
-    let ?e = "Inum (x # bs) e"
-    let ?v="Neg e"
-    have vb: "?v \<in> set (\<beta> (NEq (CN 0 c e)))" by simp
-    {assume "x - d + Inum (((x -d)) # bs) e \<noteq> 0" 
-      hence ?case by (simp add: c1)}
-    moreover
-    {assume H: "x - d + Inum (((x -d)) # bs) e = 0"
-      hence "x = - Inum (((x -d)) # bs) e + d" by simp
-      hence "x = - Inum (a # bs) e + d"
-	by (simp add: numbound0_I[OF bn,where b="x - d"and b'="a"and bs="bs"])
-       with prems(11) have ?case using dp by simp}
-  ultimately show ?case by blast
-next 
-  case (9 j c e) hence p: "Ifm bbs (x #bs) (Dvd j (CN 0 c e))" (is "?p x") and c1: "c=1" and bn:"numbound0 e" by simp+
-    let ?e = "Inum (x # bs) e"
-    from prems have id: "j dvd d" by simp
-    from c1 have "?p x = (j dvd (x+ ?e))" by simp
-    also have "\<dots> = (j dvd x - d + ?e)" 
-      using zdvd_period[OF id, where x="x" and c="-1" and t="?e"] by simp
-    finally show ?case 
-      using numbound0_I[OF bn,where b="(x-d)" and b'="x" and bs="bs"] c1 p by simp
-next
-  case (10 j c e) hence p: "Ifm bbs (x #bs) (NDvd j (CN 0 c e))" (is "?p x") and c1: "c=1" and bn:"numbound0 e" by simp+
-    let ?e = "Inum (x # bs) e"
-    from prems have id: "j dvd d" by simp
-    from c1 have "?p x = (\<not> j dvd (x+ ?e))" by simp
-    also have "\<dots> = (\<not> j dvd x - d + ?e)" 
-      using zdvd_period[OF id, where x="x" and c="-1" and t="?e"] by simp
-    finally show ?case using numbound0_I[OF bn,where b="(x-d)" and b'="x" and bs="bs"] c1 p by simp
-qed (auto simp add: numbound0_I[where bs="bs" and b="(x - d)" and b'="x"] gr0_conv_Suc)
-
-lemma \<beta>':   
-  assumes lp: "iszlfm p"
-  and u: "d\<beta> p 1"
-  and d: "d\<delta> p d"
-  and dp: "d > 0"
-  shows "\<forall> x. \<not>(\<exists>(j::int) \<in> {1 .. d}. \<exists> b\<in> set(\<beta> p). Ifm bbs ((Inum (a#bs) b + j) #bs) p) \<longrightarrow> Ifm bbs (x#bs) p \<longrightarrow> Ifm bbs ((x - d)#bs) p" (is "\<forall> x. ?b \<longrightarrow> ?P x \<longrightarrow> ?P (x - d)")
-proof(clarify)
-  fix x 
-  assume nb:"?b" and px: "?P x" 
-  hence nb2: "\<not>(\<exists>(j::int) \<in> {1 .. d}. \<exists> b\<in> (Inum (a#bs)) ` set(\<beta> p). x = b + j)"
-    by auto
-  from  \<beta>[OF lp u d dp nb2 px] show "?P (x -d )" .
-qed
-lemma cpmi_eq: "0 < D \<Longrightarrow> (EX z::int. ALL x. x < z --> (P x = P1 x))
-==> ALL x.~(EX (j::int) : {1..D}. EX (b::int) : B. P(b+j)) --> P (x) --> P (x - D) 
-==> (ALL (x::int). ALL (k::int). ((P1 x)= (P1 (x-k*D))))
-==> (EX (x::int). P(x)) = ((EX (j::int) : {1..D} . (P1(j))) | (EX (j::int) : {1..D}. EX (b::int) : B. P (b+j)))"
-apply(rule iffI)
-prefer 2
-apply(drule minusinfinity)
-apply assumption+
-apply(fastsimp)
-apply clarsimp
-apply(subgoal_tac "!!k. 0<=k \<Longrightarrow> !x. P x \<longrightarrow> P (x - k*D)")
-apply(frule_tac x = x and z=z in decr_lemma)
-apply(subgoal_tac "P1(x - (\<bar>x - z\<bar> + 1) * D)")
-prefer 2
-apply(subgoal_tac "0 <= (\<bar>x - z\<bar> + 1)")
-prefer 2 apply arith
- apply fastsimp
-apply(drule (1)  periodic_finite_ex)
-apply blast
-apply(blast dest:decr_mult_lemma)
-done
-
-theorem cp_thm:
-  assumes lp: "iszlfm p"
-  and u: "d\<beta> p 1"
-  and d: "d\<delta> p d"
-  and dp: "d > 0"
-  shows "(\<exists> (x::int). Ifm bbs (x #bs) p) = (\<exists> j\<in> {1.. d}. Ifm bbs (j #bs) (minusinf p) \<or> (\<exists> b \<in> set (\<beta> p). Ifm bbs ((Inum (i#bs) b + j) #bs) p))"
-  (is "(\<exists> (x::int). ?P (x)) = (\<exists> j\<in> ?D. ?M j \<or> (\<exists> b\<in> ?B. ?P (?I b + j)))")
-proof-
-  from minusinf_inf[OF lp u] 
-  have th: "\<exists>(z::int). \<forall>x<z. ?P (x) = ?M x" by blast
-  let ?B' = "{?I b | b. b\<in> ?B}"
-  have BB': "(\<exists>j\<in>?D. \<exists>b\<in> ?B. ?P (?I b +j)) = (\<exists> j \<in> ?D. \<exists> b \<in> ?B'. ?P (b + j))" by auto
-  hence th2: "\<forall> x. \<not> (\<exists> j \<in> ?D. \<exists> b \<in> ?B'. ?P ((b + j))) \<longrightarrow> ?P (x) \<longrightarrow> ?P ((x - d))" 
-    using \<beta>'[OF lp u d dp, where a="i" and bbs = "bbs"] by blast
-  from minusinf_repeats[OF d lp]
-  have th3: "\<forall> x k. ?M x = ?M (x-k*d)" by simp
-  from cpmi_eq[OF dp th th2 th3] BB' show ?thesis by blast
-qed
-
-    (* Implement the right hand sides of Cooper's theorem and Ferrante and Rackoff. *)
-lemma mirror_ex: 
-  assumes lp: "iszlfm p"
-  shows "(\<exists> x. Ifm bbs (x#bs) (mirror p)) = (\<exists> x. Ifm bbs (x#bs) p)"
-  (is "(\<exists> x. ?I x ?mp) = (\<exists> x. ?I x p)")
-proof(auto)
-  fix x assume "?I x ?mp" hence "?I (- x) p" using mirror[OF lp] by blast
-  thus "\<exists> x. ?I x p" by blast
-next
-  fix x assume "?I x p" hence "?I (- x) ?mp" 
-    using mirror[OF lp, where x="- x", symmetric] by auto
-  thus "\<exists> x. ?I x ?mp" by blast
-qed
-
-
-lemma cp_thm': 
-  assumes lp: "iszlfm p"
-  and up: "d\<beta> p 1" and dd: "d\<delta> p d" and dp: "d > 0"
-  shows "(\<exists> x. Ifm bbs (x#bs) p) = ((\<exists> j\<in> {1 .. d}. Ifm bbs (j#bs) (minusinf p)) \<or> (\<exists> j\<in> {1.. d}. \<exists> b\<in> (Inum (i#bs)) ` set (\<beta> p). Ifm bbs ((b+j)#bs) p))"
-  using cp_thm[OF lp up dd dp,where i="i"] by auto
-
-constdefs unit:: "fm \<Rightarrow> fm \<times> num list \<times> int"
-  "unit p \<equiv> (let p' = zlfm p ; l = \<zeta> p' ; q = And (Dvd l (CN 0 1 (C 0))) (a\<beta> p' l); d = \<delta> q;
-             B = remdups (map simpnum (\<beta> q)) ; a = remdups (map simpnum (\<alpha> q))
-             in if length B \<le> length a then (q,B,d) else (mirror q, a,d))"
-
-lemma unit: assumes qf: "qfree p"
-  shows "\<And> q B d. unit p = (q,B,d) \<Longrightarrow> ((\<exists> x. Ifm bbs (x#bs) p) = (\<exists> x. Ifm bbs (x#bs) q)) \<and> (Inum (i#bs)) ` set B = (Inum (i#bs)) ` set (\<beta> q) \<and> d\<beta> q 1 \<and> d\<delta> q d \<and> d >0 \<and> iszlfm q \<and> (\<forall> b\<in> set B. numbound0 b)"
-proof-
-  fix q B d 
-  assume qBd: "unit p = (q,B,d)"
-  let ?thes = "((\<exists> x. Ifm bbs (x#bs) p) = (\<exists> x. Ifm bbs (x#bs) q)) \<and>
-    Inum (i#bs) ` set B = Inum (i#bs) ` set (\<beta> q) \<and>
-    d\<beta> q 1 \<and> d\<delta> q d \<and> 0 < d \<and> iszlfm q \<and> (\<forall> b\<in> set B. numbound0 b)"
-  let ?I = "\<lambda> x p. Ifm bbs (x#bs) p"
-  let ?p' = "zlfm p"
-  let ?l = "\<zeta> ?p'"
-  let ?q = "And (Dvd ?l (CN 0 1 (C 0))) (a\<beta> ?p' ?l)"
-  let ?d = "\<delta> ?q"
-  let ?B = "set (\<beta> ?q)"
-  let ?B'= "remdups (map simpnum (\<beta> ?q))"
-  let ?A = "set (\<alpha> ?q)"
-  let ?A'= "remdups (map simpnum (\<alpha> ?q))"
-  from conjunct1[OF zlfm_I[OF qf, where bs="bs"]] 
-  have pp': "\<forall> i. ?I i ?p' = ?I i p" by auto
-  from conjunct2[OF zlfm_I[OF qf, where bs="bs" and i="i"]]
-  have lp': "iszlfm ?p'" . 
-  from lp' \<zeta>[where p="?p'"] have lp: "?l >0" and dl: "d\<beta> ?p' ?l" by auto
-  from a\<beta>_ex[where p="?p'" and l="?l" and bs="bs", OF lp' dl lp] pp'
-  have pq_ex:"(\<exists> (x::int). ?I x p) = (\<exists> x. ?I x ?q)" by simp 
-  from lp' lp a\<beta>[OF lp' dl lp] have lq:"iszlfm ?q" and uq: "d\<beta> ?q 1"  by auto
-  from \<delta>[OF lq] have dp:"?d >0" and dd: "d\<delta> ?q ?d" by blast+
-  let ?N = "\<lambda> t. Inum (i#bs) t"
-  have "?N ` set ?B' = ((?N o simpnum) ` ?B)" by auto 
-  also have "\<dots> = ?N ` ?B" using simpnum_ci[where bs="i#bs"] by auto
-  finally have BB': "?N ` set ?B' = ?N ` ?B" .
-  have "?N ` set ?A' = ((?N o simpnum) ` ?A)" by auto 
-  also have "\<dots> = ?N ` ?A" using simpnum_ci[where bs="i#bs"] by auto
-  finally have AA': "?N ` set ?A' = ?N ` ?A" .
-  from \<beta>_numbound0[OF lq] have B_nb:"\<forall> b\<in> set ?B'. numbound0 b"
-    by (simp add: simpnum_numbound0)
-  from \<alpha>_l[OF lq] have A_nb: "\<forall> b\<in> set ?A'. numbound0 b"
-    by (simp add: simpnum_numbound0)
-    {assume "length ?B' \<le> length ?A'"
-    hence q:"q=?q" and "B = ?B'" and d:"d = ?d"
-      using qBd by (auto simp add: Let_def unit_def)
-    with BB' B_nb have b: "?N ` (set B) = ?N ` set (\<beta> q)" 
-      and bn: "\<forall>b\<in> set B. numbound0 b" by simp+ 
-  with pq_ex dp uq dd lq q d have ?thes by simp}
-  moreover 
-  {assume "\<not> (length ?B' \<le> length ?A')"
-    hence q:"q=mirror ?q" and "B = ?A'" and d:"d = ?d"
-      using qBd by (auto simp add: Let_def unit_def)
-    with AA' mirror\<alpha>\<beta>[OF lq] A_nb have b:"?N ` (set B) = ?N ` set (\<beta> q)" 
-      and bn: "\<forall>b\<in> set B. numbound0 b" by simp+
-    from mirror_ex[OF lq] pq_ex q 
-    have pqm_eq:"(\<exists> (x::int). ?I x p) = (\<exists> (x::int). ?I x q)" by simp
-    from lq uq q mirror_l[where p="?q"]
-    have lq': "iszlfm q" and uq: "d\<beta> q 1" by auto
-    from \<delta>[OF lq'] mirror_\<delta>[OF lq] q d have dq:"d\<delta> q d " by auto
-    from pqm_eq b bn uq lq' dp dq q dp d have ?thes by simp
-  }
-  ultimately show ?thes by blast
-qed
-    (* Cooper's Algorithm *)
-
-constdefs cooper :: "fm \<Rightarrow> fm"
-  "cooper p \<equiv> 
-  (let (q,B,d) = unit p; js = iupt 1 d;
-       mq = simpfm (minusinf q);
-       md = evaldjf (\<lambda> j. simpfm (subst0 (C j) mq)) js
-   in if md = T then T else
-    (let qd = evaldjf (\<lambda> (b,j). simpfm (subst0 (Add b (C j)) q)) 
-                               [(b,j). b\<leftarrow>B,j\<leftarrow>js]
-     in decr (disj md qd)))"
-lemma cooper: assumes qf: "qfree p"
-  shows "((\<exists> x. Ifm bbs (x#bs) p) = (Ifm bbs bs (cooper p))) \<and> qfree (cooper p)" 
-  (is "(?lhs = ?rhs) \<and> _")
-proof-
-  let ?I = "\<lambda> x p. Ifm bbs (x#bs) p"
-  let ?q = "fst (unit p)"
-  let ?B = "fst (snd(unit p))"
-  let ?d = "snd (snd (unit p))"
-  let ?js = "iupt 1 ?d"
-  let ?mq = "minusinf ?q"
-  let ?smq = "simpfm ?mq"
-  let ?md = "evaldjf (\<lambda> j. simpfm (subst0 (C j) ?smq)) ?js"
-  fix i
-  let ?N = "\<lambda> t. Inum (i#bs) t"
-  let ?Bjs = "[(b,j). b\<leftarrow>?B,j\<leftarrow>?js]"
-  let ?qd = "evaldjf (\<lambda> (b,j). simpfm (subst0 (Add b (C j)) ?q)) ?Bjs"
-  have qbf:"unit p = (?q,?B,?d)" by simp
-  from unit[OF qf qbf] have pq_ex: "(\<exists>(x::int). ?I x p) = (\<exists> (x::int). ?I x ?q)" and 
-    B:"?N ` set ?B = ?N ` set (\<beta> ?q)" and 
-    uq:"d\<beta> ?q 1" and dd: "d\<delta> ?q ?d" and dp: "?d > 0" and 
-    lq: "iszlfm ?q" and 
-    Bn: "\<forall> b\<in> set ?B. numbound0 b" by auto
-  from zlin_qfree[OF lq] have qfq: "qfree ?q" .
-  from simpfm_qf[OF minusinf_qfree[OF qfq]] have qfmq: "qfree ?smq".
-  have jsnb: "\<forall> j \<in> set ?js. numbound0 (C j)" by simp
-  hence "\<forall> j\<in> set ?js. bound0 (subst0 (C j) ?smq)" 
-    by (auto simp only: subst0_bound0[OF qfmq])
-  hence th: "\<forall> j\<in> set ?js. bound0 (simpfm (subst0 (C j) ?smq))"
-    by (auto simp add: simpfm_bound0)
-  from evaldjf_bound0[OF th] have mdb: "bound0 ?md" by simp 
-  from Bn jsnb have "\<forall> (b,j) \<in> set ?Bjs. numbound0 (Add b (C j))"
-    by simp
-  hence "\<forall> (b,j) \<in> set ?Bjs. bound0 (subst0 (Add b (C j)) ?q)"
-    using subst0_bound0[OF qfq] by blast
-  hence "\<forall> (b,j) \<in> set ?Bjs. bound0 (simpfm (subst0 (Add b (C j)) ?q))"
-    using simpfm_bound0  by blast
-  hence th': "\<forall> x \<in> set ?Bjs. bound0 ((\<lambda> (b,j). simpfm (subst0 (Add b (C j)) ?q)) x)"
-    by auto 
-  from evaldjf_bound0 [OF th'] have qdb: "bound0 ?qd" by simp
-  from mdb qdb 
-  have mdqdb: "bound0 (disj ?md ?qd)" by (simp only: disj_def, cases "?md=T \<or> ?qd=T", simp_all)
-  from trans [OF pq_ex cp_thm'[OF lq uq dd dp,where i="i"]] B
-  have "?lhs = (\<exists> j\<in> {1.. ?d}. ?I j ?mq \<or> (\<exists> b\<in> ?N ` set ?B. Ifm bbs ((b+ j)#bs) ?q))" by auto
-  also have "\<dots> = (\<exists> j\<in> {1.. ?d}. ?I j ?mq \<or> (\<exists> b\<in> set ?B. Ifm bbs ((?N b+ j)#bs) ?q))" by simp
-  also have "\<dots> = ((\<exists> j\<in> {1.. ?d}. ?I j ?mq ) \<or> (\<exists> j\<in> {1.. ?d}. \<exists> b\<in> set ?B. Ifm bbs ((?N (Add b (C j)))#bs) ?q))" by (simp only: Inum.simps) blast
-  also have "\<dots> = ((\<exists> j\<in> {1.. ?d}. ?I j ?smq ) \<or> (\<exists> j\<in> {1.. ?d}. \<exists> b\<in> set ?B. Ifm bbs ((?N (Add b (C j)))#bs) ?q))" by (simp add: simpfm) 
-  also have "\<dots> = ((\<exists> j\<in> set ?js. (\<lambda> j. ?I i (simpfm (subst0 (C j) ?smq))) j) \<or> (\<exists> j\<in> set ?js. \<exists> b\<in> set ?B. Ifm bbs ((?N (Add b (C j)))#bs) ?q))"
-    by (simp only: simpfm subst0_I[OF qfmq] iupt_set) auto
-  also have "\<dots> = (?I i (evaldjf (\<lambda> j. simpfm (subst0 (C j) ?smq)) ?js) \<or> (\<exists> j\<in> set ?js. \<exists> b\<in> set ?B. ?I i (subst0 (Add b (C j)) ?q)))" 
-   by (simp only: evaldjf_ex subst0_I[OF qfq])
- also have "\<dots>= (?I i ?md \<or> (\<exists> (b,j) \<in> set ?Bjs. (\<lambda> (b,j). ?I i (simpfm (subst0 (Add b (C j)) ?q))) (b,j)))"
-   by (simp only: simpfm set_concat set_map concat_map_singleton UN_simps) blast
- also have "\<dots> = (?I i ?md \<or> (?I i (evaldjf (\<lambda> (b,j). simpfm (subst0 (Add b (C j)) ?q)) ?Bjs)))"
-   by (simp only: evaldjf_ex[where bs="i#bs" and f="\<lambda> (b,j). simpfm (subst0 (Add b (C j)) ?q)" and ps="?Bjs"]) (auto simp add: split_def)
- finally have mdqd: "?lhs = (?I i ?md \<or> ?I i ?qd)" by simp  
-  also have "\<dots> = (?I i (disj ?md ?qd))" by (simp add: disj)
-  also have "\<dots> = (Ifm bbs bs (decr (disj ?md ?qd)))" by (simp only: decr [OF mdqdb]) 
-  finally have mdqd2: "?lhs = (Ifm bbs bs (decr (disj ?md ?qd)))" . 
-  {assume mdT: "?md = T"
-    hence cT:"cooper p = T" 
-      by (simp only: cooper_def unit_def split_def Let_def if_True) simp
-    from mdT have lhs:"?lhs" using mdqd by simp 
-    from mdT have "?rhs" by (simp add: cooper_def unit_def split_def)
-    with lhs cT have ?thesis by simp }
-  moreover
-  {assume mdT: "?md \<noteq> T" hence "cooper p = decr (disj ?md ?qd)" 
-      by (simp only: cooper_def unit_def split_def Let_def if_False) 
-    with mdqd2 decr_qf[OF mdqdb] have ?thesis by simp }
-  ultimately show ?thesis by blast
-qed
-
-definition pa :: "fm \<Rightarrow> fm" where
-  "pa p = qelim (prep p) cooper"
-
-theorem mirqe: "(Ifm bbs bs (pa p) = Ifm bbs bs p) \<and> qfree (pa p)"
-  using qelim_ci cooper prep by (auto simp add: pa_def)
-
-definition
-  cooper_test :: "unit \<Rightarrow> fm"
-where
-  "cooper_test u = pa (E (A (Imp (Ge (Sub (Bound 0) (Bound 1)))
-    (E (E (Eq (Sub (Add (Mul 3 (Bound 1)) (Mul 5 (Bound 0)))
-      (Bound 2))))))))"
-
-ML {* @{code cooper_test} () *}
-
-(*
-code_reserved SML oo
-export_code pa in SML module_name GeneratedCooper file "~~/src/HOL/Tools/Qelim/raw_generated_cooper.ML"
-*)
-
-oracle linzqe_oracle = {*
-let
-
-fun num_of_term vs (t as Free (xn, xT)) = (case AList.lookup (op =) vs t
-     of NONE => error "Variable not found in the list!"
-      | SOME n => @{code Bound} n)
-  | num_of_term vs @{term "0::int"} = @{code C} 0
-  | num_of_term vs @{term "1::int"} = @{code C} 1
-  | num_of_term vs (@{term "number_of :: int \<Rightarrow> int"} $ t) = @{code C} (HOLogic.dest_numeral t)
-  | num_of_term vs (Bound i) = @{code Bound} i
-  | num_of_term vs (@{term "uminus :: int \<Rightarrow> int"} $ t') = @{code Neg} (num_of_term vs t')
-  | num_of_term vs (@{term "op + :: int \<Rightarrow> int \<Rightarrow> int"} $ t1 $ t2) =
-      @{code Add} (num_of_term vs t1, num_of_term vs t2)
-  | num_of_term vs (@{term "op - :: int \<Rightarrow> int \<Rightarrow> int"} $ t1 $ t2) =
-      @{code Sub} (num_of_term vs t1, num_of_term vs t2)
-  | num_of_term vs (@{term "op * :: int \<Rightarrow> int \<Rightarrow> int"} $ t1 $ t2) =
-      (case try HOLogic.dest_number t1
-       of SOME (_, i) => @{code Mul} (i, num_of_term vs t2)
-        | NONE => (case try HOLogic.dest_number t2
-                of SOME (_, i) => @{code Mul} (i, num_of_term vs t1)
-                 | NONE => error "num_of_term: unsupported multiplication"))
-  | num_of_term vs t = error ("num_of_term: unknown term " ^ Syntax.string_of_term @{context} t);
-
-fun fm_of_term ps vs @{term True} = @{code T}
-  | fm_of_term ps vs @{term False} = @{code F}
-  | fm_of_term ps vs (@{term "op < :: int \<Rightarrow> int \<Rightarrow> bool"} $ t1 $ t2) =
-      @{code Lt} (@{code Sub} (num_of_term vs t1, num_of_term vs t2))
-  | fm_of_term ps vs (@{term "op \<le> :: int \<Rightarrow> int \<Rightarrow> bool"} $ t1 $ t2) =
-      @{code Le} (@{code Sub} (num_of_term vs t1, num_of_term vs t2))
-  | fm_of_term ps vs (@{term "op = :: int \<Rightarrow> int \<Rightarrow> bool"} $ t1 $ t2) =
-      @{code Eq} (@{code Sub} (num_of_term vs t1, num_of_term vs t2)) 
-  | fm_of_term ps vs (@{term "op dvd :: int \<Rightarrow> int \<Rightarrow> bool"} $ t1 $ t2) =
-      (case try HOLogic.dest_number t1
-       of SOME (_, i) => @{code Dvd} (i, num_of_term vs t2)
-        | NONE => error "num_of_term: unsupported dvd")
-  | fm_of_term ps vs (@{term "op = :: bool \<Rightarrow> bool \<Rightarrow> bool"} $ t1 $ t2) =
-      @{code Iff} (fm_of_term ps vs t1, fm_of_term ps vs t2)
-  | fm_of_term ps vs (@{term "op &"} $ t1 $ t2) =
-      @{code And} (fm_of_term ps vs t1, fm_of_term ps vs t2)
-  | fm_of_term ps vs (@{term "op |"} $ t1 $ t2) =
-      @{code Or} (fm_of_term ps vs t1, fm_of_term ps vs t2)
-  | fm_of_term ps vs (@{term "op -->"} $ t1 $ t2) =
-      @{code Imp} (fm_of_term ps vs t1, fm_of_term ps vs t2)
-  | fm_of_term ps vs (@{term "Not"} $ t') =
-      @{code NOT} (fm_of_term ps vs t')
-  | fm_of_term ps vs (Const ("Ex", _) $ Abs (xn, xT, p)) =
-      let
-        val (xn', p') = variant_abs (xn, xT, p);
-        val vs' = (Free (xn', xT), 0) :: map (fn (v, n) => (v, n + 1)) vs;
-      in @{code E} (fm_of_term ps vs' p) end
-  | fm_of_term ps vs (Const ("All", _) $ Abs (xn, xT, p)) =
-      let
-        val (xn', p') = variant_abs (xn, xT, p);
-        val vs' = (Free (xn', xT), 0) :: map (fn (v, n) => (v, n + 1)) vs;
-      in @{code A} (fm_of_term ps vs' p) end
-  | fm_of_term ps vs t = error ("fm_of_term : unknown term " ^ Syntax.string_of_term @{context} t);
-
-fun term_of_num vs (@{code C} i) = HOLogic.mk_number HOLogic.intT i
-  | term_of_num vs (@{code Bound} n) = fst (the (find_first (fn (_, m) => n = m) vs))
-  | term_of_num vs (@{code Neg} t') = @{term "uminus :: int \<Rightarrow> int"} $ term_of_num vs t'
-  | term_of_num vs (@{code Add} (t1, t2)) = @{term "op + :: int \<Rightarrow> int \<Rightarrow> int"} $
-      term_of_num vs t1 $ term_of_num vs t2
-  | term_of_num vs (@{code Sub} (t1, t2)) = @{term "op - :: int \<Rightarrow> int \<Rightarrow> int"} $
-      term_of_num vs t1 $ term_of_num vs t2
-  | term_of_num vs (@{code Mul} (i, t2)) = @{term "op * :: int \<Rightarrow> int \<Rightarrow> int"} $
-      term_of_num vs (@{code C} i) $ term_of_num vs t2
-  | term_of_num vs (@{code CN} (n, i, t)) = term_of_num vs (@{code Add} (@{code Mul} (i, @{code Bound} n), t));
-
-fun term_of_fm ps vs @{code T} = HOLogic.true_const 
-  | term_of_fm ps vs @{code F} = HOLogic.false_const
-  | term_of_fm ps vs (@{code Lt} t) =
-      @{term "op < :: int \<Rightarrow> int \<Rightarrow> bool"} $ term_of_num vs t $ @{term "0::int"}
-  | term_of_fm ps vs (@{code Le} t) =
-      @{term "op \<le> :: int \<Rightarrow> int \<Rightarrow> bool"} $ term_of_num vs t $ @{term "0::int"}
-  | term_of_fm ps vs (@{code Gt} t) =
-      @{term "op < :: int \<Rightarrow> int \<Rightarrow> bool"} $ @{term "0::int"} $ term_of_num vs t
-  | term_of_fm ps vs (@{code Ge} t) =
-      @{term "op \<le> :: int \<Rightarrow> int \<Rightarrow> bool"} $ @{term "0::int"} $ term_of_num vs t
-  | term_of_fm ps vs (@{code Eq} t) =
-      @{term "op = :: int \<Rightarrow> int \<Rightarrow> bool"} $ term_of_num vs t $ @{term "0::int"}
-  | term_of_fm ps vs (@{code NEq} t) =
-      term_of_fm ps vs (@{code NOT} (@{code Eq} t))
-  | term_of_fm ps vs (@{code Dvd} (i, t)) =
-      @{term "op dvd :: int \<Rightarrow> int \<Rightarrow> bool"} $ term_of_num vs (@{code C} i) $ term_of_num vs t
-  | term_of_fm ps vs (@{code NDvd} (i, t)) =
-      term_of_fm ps vs (@{code NOT} (@{code Dvd} (i, t)))
-  | term_of_fm ps vs (@{code NOT} t') =
-      HOLogic.Not $ term_of_fm ps vs t'
-  | term_of_fm ps vs (@{code And} (t1, t2)) =
-      HOLogic.conj $ term_of_fm ps vs t1 $ term_of_fm ps vs t2
-  | term_of_fm ps vs (@{code Or} (t1, t2)) =
-      HOLogic.disj $ term_of_fm ps vs t1 $ term_of_fm ps vs t2
-  | term_of_fm ps vs (@{code Imp} (t1, t2)) =
-      HOLogic.imp $ term_of_fm ps vs t1 $ term_of_fm ps vs t2
-  | term_of_fm ps vs (@{code Iff} (t1, t2)) =
-      @{term "op = :: bool \<Rightarrow> bool \<Rightarrow> bool"} $ term_of_fm ps vs t1 $ term_of_fm ps vs t2
-  | term_of_fm ps vs (@{code Closed} n) = (fst o the) (find_first (fn (_, m) => m = n) ps)
-  | term_of_fm ps vs (@{code NClosed} n) = term_of_fm ps vs (@{code NOT} (@{code Closed} n));
-
-fun term_bools acc t =
-  let
-    val is_op = member (op =) [@{term "op &"}, @{term "op |"}, @{term "op -->"}, @{term "op = :: bool => _"},
-      @{term "op = :: int => _"}, @{term "op < :: int => _"},
-      @{term "op <= :: int => _"}, @{term "Not"}, @{term "All :: (int => _) => _"},
-      @{term "Ex :: (int => _) => _"}, @{term "True"}, @{term "False"}]
-    fun is_ty t = not (fastype_of t = HOLogic.boolT) 
-  in case t
-   of (l as f $ a) $ b => if is_ty t orelse is_op t then term_bools (term_bools acc l)b 
-        else insert (op aconv) t acc
-    | f $ a => if is_ty t orelse is_op t then term_bools (term_bools acc f) a  
-        else insert (op aconv) t acc
-    | Abs p => term_bools acc (snd (variant_abs p))
-    | _ => if is_ty t orelse is_op t then acc else insert (op aconv) t acc
-  end;
-
-in fn ct =>
-  let
-    val thy = Thm.theory_of_cterm ct;
-    val t = Thm.term_of ct;
-    val fs = OldTerm.term_frees t;
-    val bs = term_bools [] t;
-    val vs = fs ~~ (0 upto (length fs - 1))
-    val ps = bs ~~ (0 upto (length bs - 1))
-    val t' = (term_of_fm ps vs o @{code pa} o fm_of_term ps vs) t;
-  in (Thm.cterm_of thy o HOLogic.mk_Trueprop o HOLogic.mk_eq) (t, t') end
-end;
-*}
-
-use "cooper_tac.ML"
-setup "Cooper_Tac.setup"
-
-text {* Tests *}
-
-lemma "\<exists> (j::int). \<forall> x\<ge>j. (\<exists> a b. x = 3*a+5*b)"
-  by cooper
-
-lemma "ALL (x::int) >=8. EX i j. 5*i + 3*j = x"
-  by cooper
-
-theorem "(\<forall>(y::int). 3 dvd y) ==> \<forall>(x::int). b < x --> a \<le> x"
-  by cooper
-
-theorem "!! (y::int) (z::int) (n::int). 3 dvd z ==> 2 dvd (y::int) ==>
-  (\<exists>(x::int).  2*x =  y) & (\<exists>(k::int). 3*k = z)"
-  by cooper
-
-theorem "!! (y::int) (z::int) n. Suc(n::nat) < 6 ==>  3 dvd z ==>
-  2 dvd (y::int) ==> (\<exists>(x::int).  2*x =  y) & (\<exists>(k::int). 3*k = z)"
-  by cooper
-
-theorem "\<forall>(x::nat). \<exists>(y::nat). (0::nat) \<le> 5 --> y = 5 + x "
-  by cooper
-
-lemma "ALL (x::int) >=8. EX i j. 5*i + 3*j = x"
-  by cooper 
-
-lemma "ALL (y::int) (z::int) (n::int). 3 dvd z --> 2 dvd (y::int) --> (EX (x::int).  2*x =  y) & (EX (k::int). 3*k = z)"
-  by cooper
-
-lemma "ALL(x::int) y. x < y --> 2 * x + 1 < 2 * y"
-  by cooper
-
-lemma "ALL(x::int) y. 2 * x + 1 ~= 2 * y"
-  by cooper
-
-lemma "EX(x::int) y. 0 < x  & 0 <= y  & 3 * x - 5 * y = 1"
-  by cooper
-
-lemma "~ (EX(x::int) (y::int) (z::int). 4*x + (-6::int)*y = 1)"
-  by cooper
-
-lemma "ALL(x::int). (2 dvd x) --> (EX(y::int). x = 2*y)"
-  by cooper
-
-lemma "ALL(x::int). (2 dvd x) = (EX(y::int). x = 2*y)"
-  by cooper
-
-lemma "ALL(x::int). ((2 dvd x) = (ALL(y::int). x ~= 2*y + 1))"
-  by cooper
-
-lemma "~ (ALL(x::int). ((2 dvd x) = (ALL(y::int). x ~= 2*y+1) | (EX(q::int) (u::int) i. 3*i + 2*q - u < 17) --> 0 < x | ((~ 3 dvd x) &(x + 8 = 0))))"
-  by cooper
-
-lemma "~ (ALL(i::int). 4 <= i --> (EX x y. 0 <= x & 0 <= y & 3 * x + 5 * y = i))" 
-  by cooper
-
-lemma "EX j. ALL (x::int) >= j. EX i j. 5*i + 3*j = x"
-  by cooper
-
-theorem "(\<forall>(y::int). 3 dvd y) ==> \<forall>(x::int). b < x --> a \<le> x"
-  by cooper
-
-theorem "!! (y::int) (z::int) (n::int). 3 dvd z ==> 2 dvd (y::int) ==>
-  (\<exists>(x::int).  2*x =  y) & (\<exists>(k::int). 3*k = z)"
-  by cooper
-
-theorem "!! (y::int) (z::int) n. Suc(n::nat) < 6 ==>  3 dvd z ==>
-  2 dvd (y::int) ==> (\<exists>(x::int).  2*x =  y) & (\<exists>(k::int). 3*k = z)"
-  by cooper
-
-theorem "\<forall>(x::nat). \<exists>(y::nat). (0::nat) \<le> 5 --> y = 5 + x "
-  by cooper
-
-theorem "\<forall>(x::nat). \<exists>(y::nat). y = 5 + x | x div 6 + 1= 2"
-  by cooper
-
-theorem "\<exists>(x::int). 0 < x"
-  by cooper
-
-theorem "\<forall>(x::int) y. x < y --> 2 * x + 1 < 2 * y"
-  by cooper
- 
-theorem "\<forall>(x::int) y. 2 * x + 1 \<noteq> 2 * y"
-  by cooper
- 
-theorem "\<exists>(x::int) y. 0 < x  & 0 \<le> y  & 3 * x - 5 * y = 1"
-  by cooper
-
-theorem "~ (\<exists>(x::int) (y::int) (z::int). 4*x + (-6::int)*y = 1)"
-  by cooper
-
-theorem "~ (\<exists>(x::int). False)"
-  by cooper
-
-theorem "\<forall>(x::int). (2 dvd x) --> (\<exists>(y::int). x = 2*y)"
-  by cooper 
-
-theorem "\<forall>(x::int). (2 dvd x) --> (\<exists>(y::int). x = 2*y)"
-  by cooper 
-
-theorem "\<forall>(x::int). (2 dvd x) = (\<exists>(y::int). x = 2*y)"
-  by cooper 
-
-theorem "\<forall>(x::int). ((2 dvd x) = (\<forall>(y::int). x \<noteq> 2*y + 1))"
-  by cooper 
-
-theorem "~ (\<forall>(x::int). 
-            ((2 dvd x) = (\<forall>(y::int). x \<noteq> 2*y+1) | 
-             (\<exists>(q::int) (u::int) i. 3*i + 2*q - u < 17)
-             --> 0 < x | ((~ 3 dvd x) &(x + 8 = 0))))"
-  by cooper
- 
-theorem "~ (\<forall>(i::int). 4 \<le> i --> (\<exists>x y. 0 \<le> x & 0 \<le> y & 3 * x + 5 * y = i))"
-  by cooper
-
-theorem "\<forall>(i::int). 8 \<le> i --> (\<exists>x y. 0 \<le> x & 0 \<le> y & 3 * x + 5 * y = i)"
-  by cooper
-
-theorem "\<exists>(j::int). \<forall>i. j \<le> i --> (\<exists>x y. 0 \<le> x & 0 \<le> y & 3 * x + 5 * y = i)"
-  by cooper
-
-theorem "~ (\<forall>j (i::int). j \<le> i --> (\<exists>x y. 0 \<le> x & 0 \<le> y & 3 * x + 5 * y = i))"
-  by cooper
-
-theorem "(\<exists>m::nat. n = 2 * m) --> (n + 1) div 2 = n div 2"
-  by cooper
-
-end