Description of new version.
<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>HOL/Hoare/ReadMe</TITLE></HEAD><BODY>
<H2>Hoare Logic for a Simple WHILE Language</H2>
<H3>Language and logic</H3>
This directory contains an implementation of Hoare logic for a simple WHILE
language. The constructs are
<UL>
<LI> <kbd>SKIP</kbd>
<LI> <kbd>_ := _</kbd>
<LI> <kbd>_ ; _</kbd>
<LI> <kbd>IF _ THEN _ ELSE _ FI</kbd>
<LI> <kbd>WHILE _ INV {_} DO _ OD</kbd>
</UL>
Note that each WHILE-loop must be annotated with an invariant.
<P>
After loading theory Hoare, you can state goals of the form
<PRE>
|- VARS x y ... . {P} prog {Q}
</PRE>
where <kbd>prog</kbd> is a program in the above language, <kbd>P</kbd> is the
precondition, <kbd>Q</kbd> the postcondition, and <kbd>x y ...</kbd> is the
list of all <i>program variables</i> in <kbd>prog</kbd>. The latter list must
be nonempty and it must include all variables that occur on the left-hand
side of an assignment in <kbd>prog</kbd>. Example:
<PRE>
|- VARS x. {x = a} x := x+1 {x = a+1}
</PRE>
The (normal) variable <kbd>a</kbd> is merely used to record the initial
value of <kbd>x</kbd> and is not a program variable. Pre/post conditions
can be arbitrary HOL formulae mentioning both program variables and normal
variables.
<P>
The implementation hides reasoning in Hoare logic completely and provides a
tactic <kbd>hoare_tac</kbd> for transforming a goal in Hoare logic into an
equivalent list of verification conditions in HOL:
<PRE>
by(hoare_tac tac i);
</PRE>
applies the tactic to subgoal <kbd>i</kbd> and applies the parameter
<kbd>tac</kbd> (of type <kbd>int -> tactic</kbd>) to all generated
verification conditions. A typical call is
<PRE>
by(hoare_tac Asm_full_simp_tac 1);
</PRE>
which, given the example goal above, solves it completely. For further
examples see <a href="Examples.ML">Examples.ML</a>.
<P>
IMPORTANT:
This is a logic of partial correctness. You can only prove that your program
does the right thing <i>if</i> it terminates, but not <i>that</i> it
terminates.
<H3>Notes on the implementation</H3>
The implementation loosely follows
<P>
Mike Gordon.
<cite>Mechanizing Programming Logics in Higher Order Logic.</cite><BR>
University of Cambridge, Computer Laboratory, TR 145, 1988.
<P>
published as
<P>
Mike Gordon.
<cite>Mechanizing Programming Logics in Higher Order Logic.</cite><BR>
In
<cite>Current Trends in Hardware Verification and Automated Theorem Proving
</cite>,<BR>
edited by G. Birtwistle and P.A. Subrahmanyam, Springer-Verlag, 1989.
<P>
The main differences: the state is modelled as a tuple as suggested in
<P>
J. von Wright and J. Hekanaho and P. Luostarinen and T. Langbacka.
<cite>Mechanizing Some Advanced Refinement Concepts</cite>.
Formal Methods in System Design, 3, 1993, 49-81.
<P>
and the embeding is deep, i.e. there is a concrete datatype of programs. The
latter is not really necessary.
</BODY></HTML>