(* Title: HOL/MicroJava/BV/Semilat.thy
ID: $Id$
Author: Tobias Nipkow
Copyright 2000 TUM
Semilattices
*)
header {*
\chapter{Bytecode Verifier}\label{cha:bv}
\isaheader{Semilattices}
*}
theory Semilat imports While_Combinator begin
types 'a ord = "'a \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> bool"
'a binop = "'a \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'a"
'a sl = "'a set * 'a ord * 'a binop"
consts
"@lesub" :: "'a \<Rightarrow> 'a ord \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> bool" ("(_ /<='__ _)" [50, 1000, 51] 50)
"@lesssub" :: "'a \<Rightarrow> 'a ord \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> bool" ("(_ /<'__ _)" [50, 1000, 51] 50)
defs
lesub_def: "x <=_r y == r x y"
lesssub_def: "x <_r y == x <=_r y & x ~= y"
syntax (xsymbols)
"@lesub" :: "'a \<Rightarrow> 'a ord \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> bool" ("(_ /\<le>\<^sub>_ _)" [50, 1000, 51] 50)
consts
"@plussub" :: "'a \<Rightarrow> ('a \<Rightarrow> 'b \<Rightarrow> 'c) \<Rightarrow> 'b \<Rightarrow> 'c" ("(_ /+'__ _)" [65, 1000, 66] 65)
defs
plussub_def: "x +_f y == f x y"
syntax (xsymbols)
"@plussub" :: "'a \<Rightarrow> ('a \<Rightarrow> 'b \<Rightarrow> 'c) \<Rightarrow> 'b \<Rightarrow> 'c" ("(_ /+\<^sub>_ _)" [65, 1000, 66] 65)
syntax (xsymbols)
"@plussub" :: "'a \<Rightarrow> ('a \<Rightarrow> 'b \<Rightarrow> 'c) \<Rightarrow> 'b \<Rightarrow> 'c" ("(_ /\<squnion>\<^sub>_ _)" [65, 1000, 66] 65)
constdefs
ord :: "('a*'a)set \<Rightarrow> 'a ord"
"ord r == %x y. (x,y):r"
order :: "'a ord \<Rightarrow> bool"
"order r == (!x. x <=_r x) &
(!x y. x <=_r y & y <=_r x \<longrightarrow> x=y) &
(!x y z. x <=_r y & y <=_r z \<longrightarrow> x <=_r z)"
acc :: "'a ord \<Rightarrow> bool"
"acc r == wf{(y,x) . x <_r y}"
top :: "'a ord \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> bool"
"top r T == !x. x <=_r T"
closed :: "'a set \<Rightarrow> 'a binop \<Rightarrow> bool"
"closed A f == !x:A. !y:A. x +_f y : A"
semilat :: "'a sl \<Rightarrow> bool"
"semilat == %(A,r,f). order r & closed A f &
(!x:A. !y:A. x <=_r x +_f y) &
(!x:A. !y:A. y <=_r x +_f y) &
(!x:A. !y:A. !z:A. x <=_r z & y <=_r z \<longrightarrow> x +_f y <=_r z)"
is_ub :: "('a*'a)set \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> bool"
"is_ub r x y u == (x,u):r & (y,u):r"
is_lub :: "('a*'a)set \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> bool"
"is_lub r x y u == is_ub r x y u & (!z. is_ub r x y z \<longrightarrow> (u,z):r)"
some_lub :: "('a*'a)set \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'a"
"some_lub r x y == SOME z. is_lub r x y z";
locale (open) semilat =
fixes A :: "'a set"
and r :: "'a ord"
and f :: "'a binop"
assumes semilat: "semilat(A,r,f)"
lemma order_refl [simp, intro]:
"order r \<Longrightarrow> x <=_r x";
by (simp add: order_def)
lemma order_antisym:
"\<lbrakk> order r; x <=_r y; y <=_r x \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> x = y"
apply (unfold order_def)
apply (simp (no_asm_simp))
done
lemma order_trans:
"\<lbrakk> order r; x <=_r y; y <=_r z \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> x <=_r z"
apply (unfold order_def)
apply blast
done
lemma order_less_irrefl [intro, simp]:
"order r \<Longrightarrow> ~ x <_r x"
apply (unfold order_def lesssub_def)
apply blast
done
lemma order_less_trans:
"\<lbrakk> order r; x <_r y; y <_r z \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> x <_r z"
apply (unfold order_def lesssub_def)
apply blast
done
lemma topD [simp, intro]:
"top r T \<Longrightarrow> x <=_r T"
by (simp add: top_def)
lemma top_le_conv [simp]:
"\<lbrakk> order r; top r T \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> (T <=_r x) = (x = T)"
by (blast intro: order_antisym)
lemma semilat_Def:
"semilat(A,r,f) == order r & closed A f &
(!x:A. !y:A. x <=_r x +_f y) &
(!x:A. !y:A. y <=_r x +_f y) &
(!x:A. !y:A. !z:A. x <=_r z & y <=_r z \<longrightarrow> x +_f y <=_r z)"
apply (unfold semilat_def split_conv [THEN eq_reflection])
apply (rule refl [THEN eq_reflection])
done
lemma (in semilat) orderI [simp, intro]:
"order r"
by (insert semilat) (simp add: semilat_Def)
lemma (in semilat) closedI [simp, intro]:
"closed A f"
by (insert semilat) (simp add: semilat_Def)
lemma closedD:
"\<lbrakk> closed A f; x:A; y:A \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> x +_f y : A"
by (unfold closed_def) blast
lemma closed_UNIV [simp]: "closed UNIV f"
by (simp add: closed_def)
lemma (in semilat) closed_f [simp, intro]:
"\<lbrakk>x:A; y:A\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> x +_f y : A"
by (simp add: closedD [OF closedI])
lemma (in semilat) refl_r [intro, simp]:
"x <=_r x"
by simp
lemma (in semilat) antisym_r [intro?]:
"\<lbrakk> x <=_r y; y <=_r x \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> x = y"
by (rule order_antisym) auto
lemma (in semilat) trans_r [trans, intro?]:
"\<lbrakk>x <=_r y; y <=_r z\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> x <=_r z"
by (auto intro: order_trans)
lemma (in semilat) ub1 [simp, intro?]:
"\<lbrakk> x:A; y:A \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> x <=_r x +_f y"
by (insert semilat) (unfold semilat_Def, simp)
lemma (in semilat) ub2 [simp, intro?]:
"\<lbrakk> x:A; y:A \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> y <=_r x +_f y"
by (insert semilat) (unfold semilat_Def, simp)
lemma (in semilat) lub [simp, intro?]:
"\<lbrakk> x <=_r z; y <=_r z; x:A; y:A; z:A \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> x +_f y <=_r z";
by (insert semilat) (unfold semilat_Def, simp)
lemma (in semilat) plus_le_conv [simp]:
"\<lbrakk> x:A; y:A; z:A \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> (x +_f y <=_r z) = (x <=_r z & y <=_r z)"
by (blast intro: ub1 ub2 lub order_trans)
lemma (in semilat) le_iff_plus_unchanged:
"\<lbrakk> x:A; y:A \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> (x <=_r y) = (x +_f y = y)"
apply (rule iffI)
apply (blast intro: antisym_r refl_r lub ub2)
apply (erule subst)
apply simp
done
lemma (in semilat) le_iff_plus_unchanged2:
"\<lbrakk> x:A; y:A \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> (x <=_r y) = (y +_f x = y)"
apply (rule iffI)
apply (blast intro: order_antisym lub order_refl ub1)
apply (erule subst)
apply simp
done
lemma (in semilat) plus_assoc [simp]:
assumes a: "a \<in> A" and b: "b \<in> A" and c: "c \<in> A"
shows "a +_f (b +_f c) = a +_f b +_f c"
proof -
from a b have ab: "a +_f b \<in> A" ..
from this c have abc: "(a +_f b) +_f c \<in> A" ..
from b c have bc: "b +_f c \<in> A" ..
from a this have abc': "a +_f (b +_f c) \<in> A" ..
show ?thesis
proof
show "a +_f (b +_f c) <=_r (a +_f b) +_f c"
proof -
from a b have "a <=_r a +_f b" ..
also from ab c have "\<dots> <=_r \<dots> +_f c" ..
finally have "a<": "a <=_r (a +_f b) +_f c" .
from a b have "b <=_r a +_f b" ..
also from ab c have "\<dots> <=_r \<dots> +_f c" ..
finally have "b<": "b <=_r (a +_f b) +_f c" .
from ab c have "c<": "c <=_r (a +_f b) +_f c" ..
from "b<" "c<" b c abc have "b +_f c <=_r (a +_f b) +_f c" ..
from "a<" this a bc abc show ?thesis ..
qed
show "(a +_f b) +_f c <=_r a +_f (b +_f c)"
proof -
from b c have "b <=_r b +_f c" ..
also from a bc have "\<dots> <=_r a +_f \<dots>" ..
finally have "b<": "b <=_r a +_f (b +_f c)" .
from b c have "c <=_r b +_f c" ..
also from a bc have "\<dots> <=_r a +_f \<dots>" ..
finally have "c<": "c <=_r a +_f (b +_f c)" .
from a bc have "a<": "a <=_r a +_f (b +_f c)" ..
from "a<" "b<" a b abc' have "a +_f b <=_r a +_f (b +_f c)" ..
from this "c<" ab c abc' show ?thesis ..
qed
qed
qed
lemma (in semilat) plus_com_lemma:
"\<lbrakk>a \<in> A; b \<in> A\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> a +_f b <=_r b +_f a"
proof -
assume a: "a \<in> A" and b: "b \<in> A"
from b a have "a <=_r b +_f a" ..
moreover from b a have "b <=_r b +_f a" ..
moreover note a b
moreover from b a have "b +_f a \<in> A" ..
ultimately show ?thesis ..
qed
lemma (in semilat) plus_commutative:
"\<lbrakk>a \<in> A; b \<in> A\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> a +_f b = b +_f a"
by(blast intro: order_antisym plus_com_lemma)
lemma is_lubD:
"is_lub r x y u \<Longrightarrow> is_ub r x y u & (!z. is_ub r x y z \<longrightarrow> (u,z):r)"
by (simp add: is_lub_def)
lemma is_ubI:
"\<lbrakk> (x,u) : r; (y,u) : r \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> is_ub r x y u"
by (simp add: is_ub_def)
lemma is_ubD:
"is_ub r x y u \<Longrightarrow> (x,u) : r & (y,u) : r"
by (simp add: is_ub_def)
lemma is_lub_bigger1 [iff]:
"is_lub (r^* ) x y y = ((x,y):r^* )"
apply (unfold is_lub_def is_ub_def)
apply blast
done
lemma is_lub_bigger2 [iff]:
"is_lub (r^* ) x y x = ((y,x):r^* )"
apply (unfold is_lub_def is_ub_def)
apply blast
done
lemma extend_lub:
"\<lbrakk> single_valued r; is_lub (r^* ) x y u; (x',x) : r \<rbrakk>
\<Longrightarrow> EX v. is_lub (r^* ) x' y v"
apply (unfold is_lub_def is_ub_def)
apply (case_tac "(y,x) : r^*")
apply (case_tac "(y,x') : r^*")
apply blast
apply (blast elim: converse_rtranclE dest: single_valuedD)
apply (rule exI)
apply (rule conjI)
apply (blast intro: converse_rtrancl_into_rtrancl dest: single_valuedD)
apply (blast intro: rtrancl_into_rtrancl converse_rtrancl_into_rtrancl
elim: converse_rtranclE dest: single_valuedD)
done
lemma single_valued_has_lubs [rule_format]:
"\<lbrakk> single_valued r; (x,u) : r^* \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> (!y. (y,u) : r^* \<longrightarrow>
(EX z. is_lub (r^* ) x y z))"
apply (erule converse_rtrancl_induct)
apply clarify
apply (erule converse_rtrancl_induct)
apply blast
apply (blast intro: converse_rtrancl_into_rtrancl)
apply (blast intro: extend_lub)
done
lemma some_lub_conv:
"\<lbrakk> acyclic r; is_lub (r^* ) x y u \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> some_lub (r^* ) x y = u"
apply (unfold some_lub_def is_lub_def)
apply (rule someI2)
apply assumption
apply (blast intro: antisymD dest!: acyclic_impl_antisym_rtrancl)
done
lemma is_lub_some_lub:
"\<lbrakk> single_valued r; acyclic r; (x,u):r^*; (y,u):r^* \<rbrakk>
\<Longrightarrow> is_lub (r^* ) x y (some_lub (r^* ) x y)";
by (fastsimp dest: single_valued_has_lubs simp add: some_lub_conv)
subsection{*An executable lub-finder*}
constdefs
exec_lub :: "('a * 'a) set \<Rightarrow> ('a \<Rightarrow> 'a) \<Rightarrow> 'a binop"
"exec_lub r f x y == while (\<lambda>z. (x,z) \<notin> r\<^sup>*) f y"
lemma acyclic_single_valued_finite:
"\<lbrakk>acyclic r; single_valued r; (x,y) \<in> r\<^sup>*\<rbrakk>
\<Longrightarrow> finite (r \<inter> {a. (x, a) \<in> r\<^sup>*} \<times> {b. (b, y) \<in> r\<^sup>*})"
apply(erule converse_rtrancl_induct)
apply(rule_tac B = "{}" in finite_subset)
apply(simp only:acyclic_def)
apply(blast intro:rtrancl_into_trancl2 rtrancl_trancl_trancl)
apply simp
apply(rename_tac x x')
apply(subgoal_tac "r \<inter> {a. (x,a) \<in> r\<^sup>*} \<times> {b. (b,y) \<in> r\<^sup>*} =
insert (x,x') (r \<inter> {a. (x', a) \<in> r\<^sup>*} \<times> {b. (b, y) \<in> r\<^sup>*})")
apply simp
apply(blast intro:converse_rtrancl_into_rtrancl
elim:converse_rtranclE dest:single_valuedD)
done
lemma exec_lub_conv:
"\<lbrakk> acyclic r; !x y. (x,y) \<in> r \<longrightarrow> f x = y; is_lub (r\<^sup>*) x y u \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow>
exec_lub r f x y = u";
apply(unfold exec_lub_def)
apply(rule_tac P = "\<lambda>z. (y,z) \<in> r\<^sup>* \<and> (z,u) \<in> r\<^sup>*" and
r = "(r \<inter> {(a,b). (y,a) \<in> r\<^sup>* \<and> (b,u) \<in> r\<^sup>*})^-1" in while_rule)
apply(blast dest: is_lubD is_ubD)
apply(erule conjE)
apply(erule_tac z = u in converse_rtranclE)
apply(blast dest: is_lubD is_ubD)
apply(blast dest:rtrancl_into_rtrancl)
apply(rename_tac s)
apply(subgoal_tac "is_ub (r\<^sup>*) x y s")
prefer 2; apply(simp add:is_ub_def)
apply(subgoal_tac "(u, s) \<in> r\<^sup>*")
prefer 2; apply(blast dest:is_lubD)
apply(erule converse_rtranclE)
apply blast
apply(simp only:acyclic_def)
apply(blast intro:rtrancl_into_trancl2 rtrancl_trancl_trancl)
apply(rule finite_acyclic_wf)
apply simp
apply(erule acyclic_single_valued_finite)
apply(blast intro:single_valuedI)
apply(simp add:is_lub_def is_ub_def)
apply simp
apply(erule acyclic_subset)
apply blast
apply simp
apply(erule conjE)
apply(erule_tac z = u in converse_rtranclE)
apply(blast dest: is_lubD is_ubD)
apply(blast dest:rtrancl_into_rtrancl)
done
lemma is_lub_exec_lub:
"\<lbrakk> single_valued r; acyclic r; (x,u):r^*; (y,u):r^*; !x y. (x,y) \<in> r \<longrightarrow> f x = y \<rbrakk>
\<Longrightarrow> is_lub (r^* ) x y (exec_lub r f x y)"
by (fastsimp dest: single_valued_has_lubs simp add: exec_lub_conv)
end