(* Title: HOL/Nat_Numeral.thy
Author: Lawrence C Paulson, Cambridge University Computer Laboratory
Copyright 1999 University of Cambridge
*)
header {* Binary numerals for the natural numbers *}
theory Nat_Numeral
imports Int
begin
subsection {* Numerals for natural numbers *}
text {*
Arithmetic for naturals is reduced to that for the non-negative integers.
*}
instantiation nat :: number_semiring
begin
definition
nat_number_of_def [code_unfold, code del]: "number_of v = nat (number_of v)"
instance proof
fix n show "number_of (int n) = (of_nat n :: nat)"
unfolding nat_number_of_def number_of_eq by simp
qed
end
lemma [code_post]:
"nat (number_of v) = number_of v"
unfolding nat_number_of_def ..
subsection {* Special case: squares and cubes *}
lemma numeral_2_eq_2: "2 = Suc (Suc 0)"
by (simp add: nat_number_of_def)
lemma numeral_3_eq_3: "3 = Suc (Suc (Suc 0))"
by (simp add: nat_number_of_def)
context power
begin
abbreviation (xsymbols)
power2 :: "'a \<Rightarrow> 'a" ("(_\<twosuperior>)" [1000] 999) where
"x\<twosuperior> \<equiv> x ^ 2"
notation (latex output)
power2 ("(_\<twosuperior>)" [1000] 999)
notation (HTML output)
power2 ("(_\<twosuperior>)" [1000] 999)
end
context monoid_mult
begin
lemma power2_eq_square: "a\<twosuperior> = a * a"
by (simp add: numeral_2_eq_2)
lemma power3_eq_cube: "a ^ 3 = a * a * a"
by (simp add: numeral_3_eq_3 mult_assoc)
lemma power_even_eq:
"a ^ (2*n) = (a ^ n) ^ 2"
by (subst mult_commute) (simp add: power_mult)
lemma power_odd_eq:
"a ^ Suc (2*n) = a * (a ^ n) ^ 2"
by (simp add: power_even_eq)
end
context semiring_1
begin
lemma zero_power2 [simp]: "0\<twosuperior> = 0"
by (simp add: power2_eq_square)
lemma one_power2 [simp]: "1\<twosuperior> = 1"
by (simp add: power2_eq_square)
end
context ring_1
begin
lemma power2_minus [simp]:
"(- a)\<twosuperior> = a\<twosuperior>"
by (simp add: power2_eq_square)
text{*
We cannot prove general results about the numeral @{term "-1"},
so we have to use @{term "- 1"} instead.
*}
lemma power_minus1_even [simp]:
"(- 1) ^ (2*n) = 1"
proof (induct n)
case 0 show ?case by simp
next
case (Suc n) then show ?case by (simp add: power_add)
qed
lemma power_minus1_odd:
"(- 1) ^ Suc (2*n) = - 1"
by simp
lemma power_minus_even [simp]:
"(-a) ^ (2*n) = a ^ (2*n)"
by (simp add: power_minus [of a])
end
context ring_1_no_zero_divisors
begin
lemma zero_eq_power2 [simp]:
"a\<twosuperior> = 0 \<longleftrightarrow> a = 0"
unfolding power2_eq_square by simp
lemma power2_eq_1_iff:
"a\<twosuperior> = 1 \<longleftrightarrow> a = 1 \<or> a = - 1"
unfolding power2_eq_square by (rule square_eq_1_iff)
end
context idom
begin
lemma power2_eq_iff: "x\<twosuperior> = y\<twosuperior> \<longleftrightarrow> x = y \<or> x = - y"
unfolding power2_eq_square by (rule square_eq_iff)
end
context linordered_ring
begin
lemma sum_squares_ge_zero:
"0 \<le> x * x + y * y"
by (intro add_nonneg_nonneg zero_le_square)
lemma not_sum_squares_lt_zero:
"\<not> x * x + y * y < 0"
by (simp add: not_less sum_squares_ge_zero)
end
context linordered_ring_strict
begin
lemma sum_squares_eq_zero_iff:
"x * x + y * y = 0 \<longleftrightarrow> x = 0 \<and> y = 0"
by (simp add: add_nonneg_eq_0_iff)
lemma sum_squares_le_zero_iff:
"x * x + y * y \<le> 0 \<longleftrightarrow> x = 0 \<and> y = 0"
by (simp add: le_less not_sum_squares_lt_zero sum_squares_eq_zero_iff)
lemma sum_squares_gt_zero_iff:
"0 < x * x + y * y \<longleftrightarrow> x \<noteq> 0 \<or> y \<noteq> 0"
by (simp add: not_le [symmetric] sum_squares_le_zero_iff)
end
context linordered_semidom
begin
lemma power2_le_imp_le:
"x\<twosuperior> \<le> y\<twosuperior> \<Longrightarrow> 0 \<le> y \<Longrightarrow> x \<le> y"
unfolding numeral_2_eq_2 by (rule power_le_imp_le_base)
lemma power2_less_imp_less:
"x\<twosuperior> < y\<twosuperior> \<Longrightarrow> 0 \<le> y \<Longrightarrow> x < y"
by (rule power_less_imp_less_base)
lemma power2_eq_imp_eq:
"x\<twosuperior> = y\<twosuperior> \<Longrightarrow> 0 \<le> x \<Longrightarrow> 0 \<le> y \<Longrightarrow> x = y"
unfolding numeral_2_eq_2 by (erule (2) power_eq_imp_eq_base) simp
end
context linordered_idom
begin
lemma zero_le_power2 [simp]:
"0 \<le> a\<twosuperior>"
by (simp add: power2_eq_square)
lemma zero_less_power2 [simp]:
"0 < a\<twosuperior> \<longleftrightarrow> a \<noteq> 0"
by (force simp add: power2_eq_square zero_less_mult_iff linorder_neq_iff)
lemma power2_less_0 [simp]:
"\<not> a\<twosuperior> < 0"
by (force simp add: power2_eq_square mult_less_0_iff)
lemma abs_power2 [simp]:
"abs (a\<twosuperior>) = a\<twosuperior>"
by (simp add: power2_eq_square abs_mult abs_mult_self)
lemma power2_abs [simp]:
"(abs a)\<twosuperior> = a\<twosuperior>"
by (simp add: power2_eq_square abs_mult_self)
lemma odd_power_less_zero:
"a < 0 \<Longrightarrow> a ^ Suc (2*n) < 0"
proof (induct n)
case 0
then show ?case by simp
next
case (Suc n)
have "a ^ Suc (2 * Suc n) = (a*a) * a ^ Suc(2*n)"
by (simp add: mult_ac power_add power2_eq_square)
thus ?case
by (simp del: power_Suc add: Suc mult_less_0_iff mult_neg_neg)
qed
lemma odd_0_le_power_imp_0_le:
"0 \<le> a ^ Suc (2*n) \<Longrightarrow> 0 \<le> a"
using odd_power_less_zero [of a n]
by (force simp add: linorder_not_less [symmetric])
lemma zero_le_even_power'[simp]:
"0 \<le> a ^ (2*n)"
proof (induct n)
case 0
show ?case by simp
next
case (Suc n)
have "a ^ (2 * Suc n) = (a*a) * a ^ (2*n)"
by (simp add: mult_ac power_add power2_eq_square)
thus ?case
by (simp add: Suc zero_le_mult_iff)
qed
lemma sum_power2_ge_zero:
"0 \<le> x\<twosuperior> + y\<twosuperior>"
unfolding power2_eq_square by (rule sum_squares_ge_zero)
lemma not_sum_power2_lt_zero:
"\<not> x\<twosuperior> + y\<twosuperior> < 0"
unfolding power2_eq_square by (rule not_sum_squares_lt_zero)
lemma sum_power2_eq_zero_iff:
"x\<twosuperior> + y\<twosuperior> = 0 \<longleftrightarrow> x = 0 \<and> y = 0"
unfolding power2_eq_square by (rule sum_squares_eq_zero_iff)
lemma sum_power2_le_zero_iff:
"x\<twosuperior> + y\<twosuperior> \<le> 0 \<longleftrightarrow> x = 0 \<and> y = 0"
unfolding power2_eq_square by (rule sum_squares_le_zero_iff)
lemma sum_power2_gt_zero_iff:
"0 < x\<twosuperior> + y\<twosuperior> \<longleftrightarrow> x \<noteq> 0 \<or> y \<noteq> 0"
unfolding power2_eq_square by (rule sum_squares_gt_zero_iff)
end
lemma power2_sum:
fixes x y :: "'a::number_semiring"
shows "(x + y)\<twosuperior> = x\<twosuperior> + y\<twosuperior> + 2 * x * y"
by (simp add: algebra_simps power2_eq_square semiring_mult_2_right)
lemma power2_diff:
fixes x y :: "'a::number_ring"
shows "(x - y)\<twosuperior> = x\<twosuperior> + y\<twosuperior> - 2 * x * y"
by (simp add: ring_distribs power2_eq_square mult_2) (rule mult_commute)
subsection {* Predicate for negative binary numbers *}
definition neg :: "int \<Rightarrow> bool" where
"neg Z \<longleftrightarrow> Z < 0"
lemma not_neg_int [simp]: "~ neg (of_nat n)"
by (simp add: neg_def)
lemma neg_zminus_int [simp]: "neg (- (of_nat (Suc n)))"
by (simp add: neg_def del: of_nat_Suc)
lemmas neg_eq_less_0 = neg_def
lemma not_neg_eq_ge_0: "(~neg x) = (0 \<le> x)"
by (simp add: neg_def linorder_not_less)
text{*To simplify inequalities when Numeral1 can get simplified to 1*}
lemma not_neg_0: "~ neg 0"
by (simp add: One_int_def neg_def)
lemma not_neg_1: "~ neg 1"
by (simp add: neg_def linorder_not_less)
lemma neg_nat: "neg z ==> nat z = 0"
by (simp add: neg_def order_less_imp_le)
lemma not_neg_nat: "~ neg z ==> of_nat (nat z) = z"
by (simp add: linorder_not_less neg_def)
text {*
If @{term Numeral0} is rewritten to 0 then this rule can't be applied:
@{term Numeral0} IS @{term "number_of Pls"}
*}
lemma not_neg_number_of_Pls: "~ neg (number_of Int.Pls)"
by (simp add: neg_def)
lemma neg_number_of_Min: "neg (number_of Int.Min)"
by (simp add: neg_def)
lemma neg_number_of_Bit0:
"neg (number_of (Int.Bit0 w)) = neg (number_of w)"
by (simp add: neg_def)
lemma neg_number_of_Bit1:
"neg (number_of (Int.Bit1 w)) = neg (number_of w)"
by (simp add: neg_def)
lemmas neg_simps [simp] =
not_neg_0 not_neg_1
not_neg_number_of_Pls neg_number_of_Min
neg_number_of_Bit0 neg_number_of_Bit1
subsection{*Function @{term nat}: Coercion from Type @{typ int} to @{typ nat}*}
declare nat_1 [simp]
lemma nat_number_of [simp]: "nat (number_of w) = number_of w"
by (simp add: nat_number_of_def)
lemma nat_numeral_0_eq_0: "Numeral0 = (0::nat)" (* FIXME delete candidate *)
by (fact semiring_numeral_0_eq_0)
lemma nat_numeral_1_eq_1: "Numeral1 = (1::nat)" (* FIXME delete candidate *)
by (fact semiring_numeral_1_eq_1)
lemma Numeral1_eq1_nat:
"(1::nat) = Numeral1"
by simp
lemma numeral_1_eq_Suc_0: "Numeral1 = Suc 0"
by (simp only: nat_numeral_1_eq_1 One_nat_def)
subsection{*Function @{term int}: Coercion from Type @{typ nat} to @{typ int}*}
lemma int_nat_number_of [simp]:
"int (number_of v) =
(if neg (number_of v :: int) then 0
else (number_of v :: int))"
unfolding nat_number_of_def number_of_is_id neg_def
by simp (* FIXME: redundant with of_nat_number_of_eq *)
lemma nonneg_int_cases:
fixes k :: int assumes "0 \<le> k" obtains n where "k = of_nat n"
using assms by (cases k, simp, simp)
subsubsection{*Successor *}
lemma Suc_nat_eq_nat_zadd1: "(0::int) <= z ==> Suc (nat z) = nat (1 + z)"
apply (rule sym)
apply (simp add: nat_eq_iff)
done
lemma Suc_nat_number_of_add:
"Suc (number_of v + n) =
(if neg (number_of v :: int) then 1+n else number_of (Int.succ v) + n)"
unfolding nat_number_of_def number_of_is_id neg_def numeral_simps
by (simp add: Suc_nat_eq_nat_zadd1 add_ac)
lemma Suc_nat_number_of [simp]:
"Suc (number_of v) =
(if neg (number_of v :: int) then 1 else number_of (Int.succ v))"
apply (cut_tac n = 0 in Suc_nat_number_of_add)
apply (simp cong del: if_weak_cong)
done
subsubsection{*Addition *}
lemma add_nat_number_of [simp]:
"(number_of v :: nat) + number_of v' =
(if v < Int.Pls then number_of v'
else if v' < Int.Pls then number_of v
else number_of (v + v'))"
unfolding nat_number_of_def number_of_is_id numeral_simps
by (simp add: nat_add_distrib)
lemma nat_number_of_add_1 [simp]:
"number_of v + (1::nat) =
(if v < Int.Pls then 1 else number_of (Int.succ v))"
unfolding nat_number_of_def number_of_is_id numeral_simps
by (simp add: nat_add_distrib)
lemma nat_1_add_number_of [simp]:
"(1::nat) + number_of v =
(if v < Int.Pls then 1 else number_of (Int.succ v))"
unfolding nat_number_of_def number_of_is_id numeral_simps
by (simp add: nat_add_distrib)
lemma nat_1_add_1 [simp]: "1 + 1 = (2::nat)"
by (rule semiring_one_add_one_is_two)
text {* TODO: replace simp rules above with these generic ones: *}
lemma semiring_add_number_of:
"\<lbrakk>Int.Pls \<le> v; Int.Pls \<le> v'\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow>
(number_of v :: 'a::number_semiring) + number_of v' = number_of (v + v')"
unfolding Int.Pls_def
by (elim nonneg_int_cases,
simp only: number_of_int of_nat_add [symmetric])
lemma semiring_number_of_add_1:
"Int.Pls \<le> v \<Longrightarrow>
number_of v + (1::'a::number_semiring) = number_of (Int.succ v)"
unfolding Int.Pls_def Int.succ_def
by (elim nonneg_int_cases,
simp only: number_of_int add_commute [where b=1] of_nat_Suc [symmetric])
lemma semiring_1_add_number_of:
"Int.Pls \<le> v \<Longrightarrow>
(1::'a::number_semiring) + number_of v = number_of (Int.succ v)"
unfolding Int.Pls_def Int.succ_def
by (elim nonneg_int_cases,
simp only: number_of_int add_commute [where b=1] of_nat_Suc [symmetric])
subsubsection{*Subtraction *}
lemma diff_nat_eq_if:
"nat z - nat z' =
(if neg z' then nat z
else let d = z-z' in
if neg d then 0 else nat d)"
by (simp add: Let_def nat_diff_distrib [symmetric] neg_eq_less_0 not_neg_eq_ge_0)
lemma diff_nat_number_of [simp]:
"(number_of v :: nat) - number_of v' =
(if v' < Int.Pls then number_of v
else let d = number_of (v + uminus v') in
if neg d then 0 else nat d)"
unfolding nat_number_of_def number_of_is_id numeral_simps neg_def
by auto
lemma nat_number_of_diff_1 [simp]:
"number_of v - (1::nat) =
(if v \<le> Int.Pls then 0 else number_of (Int.pred v))"
unfolding nat_number_of_def number_of_is_id numeral_simps
by auto
subsubsection{*Multiplication *}
lemma mult_nat_number_of [simp]:
"(number_of v :: nat) * number_of v' =
(if v < Int.Pls then 0 else number_of (v * v'))"
unfolding nat_number_of_def number_of_is_id numeral_simps
by (simp add: nat_mult_distrib)
(* TODO: replace mult_nat_number_of with this next rule *)
lemma semiring_mult_number_of:
"\<lbrakk>Int.Pls \<le> v; Int.Pls \<le> v'\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow>
(number_of v :: 'a::number_semiring) * number_of v' = number_of (v * v')"
unfolding Int.Pls_def
by (elim nonneg_int_cases,
simp only: number_of_int of_nat_mult [symmetric])
subsection{*Comparisons*}
subsubsection{*Equals (=) *}
lemma eq_nat_number_of [simp]:
"((number_of v :: nat) = number_of v') =
(if neg (number_of v :: int) then (number_of v' :: int) \<le> 0
else if neg (number_of v' :: int) then (number_of v :: int) = 0
else v = v')"
unfolding nat_number_of_def number_of_is_id neg_def
by auto
subsubsection{*Less-than (<) *}
lemma less_nat_number_of [simp]:
"(number_of v :: nat) < number_of v' \<longleftrightarrow>
(if v < v' then Int.Pls < v' else False)"
unfolding nat_number_of_def number_of_is_id numeral_simps
by auto
subsubsection{*Less-than-or-equal *}
lemma le_nat_number_of [simp]:
"(number_of v :: nat) \<le> number_of v' \<longleftrightarrow>
(if v \<le> v' then True else v \<le> Int.Pls)"
unfolding nat_number_of_def number_of_is_id numeral_simps
by auto
(*Maps #n to n for n = 0, 1, 2*)
lemmas numerals = nat_numeral_0_eq_0 nat_numeral_1_eq_1 numeral_2_eq_2
subsection{*Powers with Numeric Exponents*}
text{*Squares of literal numerals will be evaluated.*}
lemmas power2_eq_square_number_of [simp] =
power2_eq_square [of "number_of w"] for w
text{*Simprules for comparisons where common factors can be cancelled.*}
lemmas zero_compare_simps =
add_strict_increasing add_strict_increasing2 add_increasing
zero_le_mult_iff zero_le_divide_iff
zero_less_mult_iff zero_less_divide_iff
mult_le_0_iff divide_le_0_iff
mult_less_0_iff divide_less_0_iff
zero_le_power2 power2_less_0
subsubsection{*Nat *}
lemma Suc_pred': "0 < n ==> n = Suc(n - 1)"
by simp
(*Expresses a natural number constant as the Suc of another one.
NOT suitable for rewriting because n recurs in the condition.*)
lemmas expand_Suc = Suc_pred' [of "number_of v"] for v
subsubsection{*Arith *}
lemma Suc_eq_plus1: "Suc n = n + 1"
unfolding One_nat_def by simp
lemma Suc_eq_plus1_left: "Suc n = 1 + n"
unfolding One_nat_def by simp
(* These two can be useful when m = number_of... *)
lemma add_eq_if: "(m::nat) + n = (if m=0 then n else Suc ((m - 1) + n))"
unfolding One_nat_def by (cases m) simp_all
lemma mult_eq_if: "(m::nat) * n = (if m=0 then 0 else n + ((m - 1) * n))"
unfolding One_nat_def by (cases m) simp_all
lemma power_eq_if: "(p ^ m :: nat) = (if m=0 then 1 else p * (p ^ (m - 1)))"
unfolding One_nat_def by (cases m) simp_all
subsection{*Comparisons involving (0::nat) *}
text{*Simplification already does @{term "n<0"}, @{term "n\<le>0"} and @{term "0\<le>n"}.*}
lemma eq_number_of_0 [simp]:
"number_of v = (0::nat) \<longleftrightarrow> v \<le> Int.Pls"
unfolding nat_number_of_def number_of_is_id numeral_simps
by auto
lemma eq_0_number_of [simp]:
"(0::nat) = number_of v \<longleftrightarrow> v \<le> Int.Pls"
by (rule trans [OF eq_sym_conv eq_number_of_0])
lemma less_0_number_of [simp]:
"(0::nat) < number_of v \<longleftrightarrow> Int.Pls < v"
unfolding nat_number_of_def number_of_is_id numeral_simps
by simp
lemma neg_imp_number_of_eq_0: "neg (number_of v :: int) ==> number_of v = (0::nat)"
by (simp del: semiring_numeral_0_eq_0 add: nat_numeral_0_eq_0 [symmetric])
subsection{*Comparisons involving @{term Suc} *}
lemma eq_number_of_Suc [simp]:
"(number_of v = Suc n) =
(let pv = number_of (Int.pred v) in
if neg pv then False else nat pv = n)"
apply (simp only: simp_thms Let_def neg_eq_less_0 linorder_not_less
number_of_pred nat_number_of_def
split add: split_if)
apply (rule_tac x = "number_of v" in spec)
apply (auto simp add: nat_eq_iff)
done
lemma Suc_eq_number_of [simp]:
"(Suc n = number_of v) =
(let pv = number_of (Int.pred v) in
if neg pv then False else nat pv = n)"
by (rule trans [OF eq_sym_conv eq_number_of_Suc])
lemma less_number_of_Suc [simp]:
"(number_of v < Suc n) =
(let pv = number_of (Int.pred v) in
if neg pv then True else nat pv < n)"
apply (simp only: simp_thms Let_def neg_eq_less_0 linorder_not_less
number_of_pred nat_number_of_def
split add: split_if)
apply (rule_tac x = "number_of v" in spec)
apply (auto simp add: nat_less_iff)
done
lemma less_Suc_number_of [simp]:
"(Suc n < number_of v) =
(let pv = number_of (Int.pred v) in
if neg pv then False else n < nat pv)"
apply (simp only: simp_thms Let_def neg_eq_less_0 linorder_not_less
number_of_pred nat_number_of_def
split add: split_if)
apply (rule_tac x = "number_of v" in spec)
apply (auto simp add: zless_nat_eq_int_zless)
done
lemma le_number_of_Suc [simp]:
"(number_of v <= Suc n) =
(let pv = number_of (Int.pred v) in
if neg pv then True else nat pv <= n)"
by (simp add: Let_def linorder_not_less [symmetric])
lemma le_Suc_number_of [simp]:
"(Suc n <= number_of v) =
(let pv = number_of (Int.pred v) in
if neg pv then False else n <= nat pv)"
by (simp add: Let_def linorder_not_less [symmetric])
lemma eq_number_of_Pls_Min: "(Numeral0 ::int) ~= number_of Int.Min"
by auto
subsection{*Max and Min Combined with @{term Suc} *}
lemma max_number_of_Suc [simp]:
"max (Suc n) (number_of v) =
(let pv = number_of (Int.pred v) in
if neg pv then Suc n else Suc(max n (nat pv)))"
apply (simp only: Let_def neg_eq_less_0 number_of_pred nat_number_of_def
split add: split_if nat.split)
apply (rule_tac x = "number_of v" in spec)
apply auto
done
lemma max_Suc_number_of [simp]:
"max (number_of v) (Suc n) =
(let pv = number_of (Int.pred v) in
if neg pv then Suc n else Suc(max (nat pv) n))"
apply (simp only: Let_def neg_eq_less_0 number_of_pred nat_number_of_def
split add: split_if nat.split)
apply (rule_tac x = "number_of v" in spec)
apply auto
done
lemma min_number_of_Suc [simp]:
"min (Suc n) (number_of v) =
(let pv = number_of (Int.pred v) in
if neg pv then 0 else Suc(min n (nat pv)))"
apply (simp only: Let_def neg_eq_less_0 number_of_pred nat_number_of_def
split add: split_if nat.split)
apply (rule_tac x = "number_of v" in spec)
apply auto
done
lemma min_Suc_number_of [simp]:
"min (number_of v) (Suc n) =
(let pv = number_of (Int.pred v) in
if neg pv then 0 else Suc(min (nat pv) n))"
apply (simp only: Let_def neg_eq_less_0 number_of_pred nat_number_of_def
split add: split_if nat.split)
apply (rule_tac x = "number_of v" in spec)
apply auto
done
subsection{*Literal arithmetic involving powers*}
lemma power_nat_number_of:
"(number_of v :: nat) ^ n =
(if neg (number_of v :: int) then 0^n else nat ((number_of v :: int) ^ n))"
by (simp only: simp_thms neg_nat not_neg_eq_ge_0 nat_number_of_def nat_power_eq
split add: split_if cong: imp_cong)
lemmas power_nat_number_of_number_of = power_nat_number_of [of _ "number_of w"] for w
declare power_nat_number_of_number_of [simp]
text{*For arbitrary rings*}
lemma power_number_of_even:
fixes z :: "'a::monoid_mult"
shows "z ^ number_of (Int.Bit0 w) = (let w = z ^ (number_of w) in w * w)"
by (cases "w \<ge> 0") (auto simp add: Let_def Bit0_def nat_number_of_def number_of_is_id
nat_add_distrib power_add simp del: nat_number_of)
lemma power_number_of_odd:
fixes z :: "'a::monoid_mult"
shows "z ^ number_of (Int.Bit1 w) = (if (0::int) <= number_of w
then (let w = z ^ (number_of w) in z * w * w) else 1)"
unfolding Let_def Bit1_def nat_number_of_def number_of_is_id
apply (cases "0 <= w")
apply (simp only: mult_assoc nat_add_distrib power_add, simp)
apply (simp add: not_le mult_2 [symmetric] add_assoc)
done
lemmas zpower_number_of_even = power_number_of_even [where 'a=int]
lemmas zpower_number_of_odd = power_number_of_odd [where 'a=int]
lemmas power_number_of_even_number_of [simp] =
power_number_of_even [of "number_of v"] for v
lemmas power_number_of_odd_number_of [simp] =
power_number_of_odd [of "number_of v"] for v
lemma nat_number_of_Pls: "Numeral0 = (0::nat)"
by (simp add: nat_number_of_def)
lemma nat_number_of_Min [no_atp]: "number_of Int.Min = (0::nat)"
apply (simp only: number_of_Min nat_number_of_def nat_zminus_int)
done
lemma nat_number_of_Bit0:
"number_of (Int.Bit0 w) = (let n::nat = number_of w in n + n)"
by (cases "w \<ge> 0") (auto simp add: Let_def Bit0_def nat_number_of_def number_of_is_id
nat_add_distrib simp del: nat_number_of)
lemma nat_number_of_Bit1:
"number_of (Int.Bit1 w) =
(if neg (number_of w :: int) then 0
else let n = number_of w in Suc (n + n))"
unfolding Let_def Bit1_def nat_number_of_def number_of_is_id neg_def
apply (cases "w < 0")
apply (simp add: mult_2 [symmetric] add_assoc)
apply (simp only: nat_add_distrib, simp)
done
lemmas eval_nat_numeral =
nat_number_of_Bit0 nat_number_of_Bit1
lemmas nat_arith =
add_nat_number_of
diff_nat_number_of
mult_nat_number_of
eq_nat_number_of
less_nat_number_of
lemmas semiring_norm =
Let_def arith_simps nat_arith rel_simps neg_simps if_False
if_True add_0 add_Suc add_number_of_left mult_number_of_left
numeral_1_eq_1 [symmetric] Suc_eq_plus1
numeral_0_eq_0 [symmetric] numerals [symmetric]
not_iszero_Numeral1
lemma Let_Suc [simp]: "Let (Suc n) f == f (Suc n)"
by (fact Let_def)
lemma power_m1_even: "(-1) ^ (2*n) = (1::'a::{number_ring})"
by (simp only: number_of_Min power_minus1_even)
lemma power_m1_odd: "(-1) ^ Suc(2*n) = (-1::'a::{number_ring})"
by (simp only: number_of_Min power_minus1_odd)
lemma nat_number_of_add_left:
"number_of v + (number_of v' + (k::nat)) =
(if neg (number_of v :: int) then number_of v' + k
else if neg (number_of v' :: int) then number_of v + k
else number_of (v + v') + k)"
by (auto simp add: neg_def)
lemma nat_number_of_mult_left:
"number_of v * (number_of v' * (k::nat)) =
(if v < Int.Pls then 0
else number_of (v * v') * k)"
by (auto simp add: not_less Pls_def nat_number_of_def number_of_is_id
nat_mult_distrib simp del: nat_number_of)
subsection{*Literal arithmetic and @{term of_nat}*}
lemma of_nat_double:
"0 \<le> x ==> of_nat (nat (2 * x)) = of_nat (nat x) + of_nat (nat x)"
by (simp only: mult_2 nat_add_distrib of_nat_add)
lemma nat_numeral_m1_eq_0: "-1 = (0::nat)"
by (simp only: nat_number_of_def)
lemma of_nat_number_of_lemma:
"of_nat (number_of v :: nat) =
(if 0 \<le> (number_of v :: int)
then (number_of v :: 'a :: number_semiring)
else 0)"
by (auto simp add: int_number_of_def nat_number_of_def number_of_int
elim!: nonneg_int_cases)
lemma of_nat_number_of_eq [simp]:
"of_nat (number_of v :: nat) =
(if neg (number_of v :: int) then 0
else (number_of v :: 'a :: number_semiring))"
by (simp only: of_nat_number_of_lemma neg_def, simp)
subsubsection{*For simplifying @{term "Suc m - K"} and @{term "K - Suc m"}*}
text{*Where K above is a literal*}
lemma Suc_diff_eq_diff_pred: "Numeral0 < n ==> Suc m - n = m - (n - Numeral1)"
by (simp split: nat_diff_split)
text {*Now just instantiating @{text n} to @{text "number_of v"} does
the right simplification, but with some redundant inequality
tests.*}
lemma neg_number_of_pred_iff_0:
"neg (number_of (Int.pred v)::int) = (number_of v = (0::nat))"
apply (subgoal_tac "neg (number_of (Int.pred v)) = (number_of v < Suc 0) ")
apply (simp only: less_Suc_eq_le le_0_eq)
apply (subst less_number_of_Suc, simp)
done
text{*No longer required as a simprule because of the @{text inverse_fold}
simproc*}
lemma Suc_diff_number_of:
"Int.Pls < v ==>
Suc m - (number_of v) = m - (number_of (Int.pred v))"
apply (subst Suc_diff_eq_diff_pred)
apply simp
apply (simp del: semiring_numeral_1_eq_1)
apply (auto simp only: diff_nat_number_of less_0_number_of [symmetric]
neg_number_of_pred_iff_0)
done
lemma diff_Suc_eq_diff_pred: "m - Suc n = (m - 1) - n"
by (simp split: nat_diff_split)
subsubsection{*For @{term nat_case} and @{term nat_rec}*}
lemma nat_case_number_of [simp]:
"nat_case a f (number_of v) =
(let pv = number_of (Int.pred v) in
if neg pv then a else f (nat pv))"
by (simp split add: nat.split add: Let_def neg_number_of_pred_iff_0)
lemma nat_case_add_eq_if [simp]:
"nat_case a f ((number_of v) + n) =
(let pv = number_of (Int.pred v) in
if neg pv then nat_case a f n else f (nat pv + n))"
apply (subst add_eq_if)
apply (simp split add: nat.split
del: semiring_numeral_1_eq_1
add: semiring_numeral_1_eq_1 [symmetric]
numeral_1_eq_Suc_0 [symmetric]
neg_number_of_pred_iff_0)
done
lemma nat_rec_number_of [simp]:
"nat_rec a f (number_of v) =
(let pv = number_of (Int.pred v) in
if neg pv then a else f (nat pv) (nat_rec a f (nat pv)))"
apply (case_tac " (number_of v) ::nat")
apply (simp_all (no_asm_simp) add: Let_def neg_number_of_pred_iff_0)
apply (simp split add: split_if_asm)
done
lemma nat_rec_add_eq_if [simp]:
"nat_rec a f (number_of v + n) =
(let pv = number_of (Int.pred v) in
if neg pv then nat_rec a f n
else f (nat pv + n) (nat_rec a f (nat pv + n)))"
apply (subst add_eq_if)
apply (simp split add: nat.split
del: semiring_numeral_1_eq_1
add: semiring_numeral_1_eq_1 [symmetric]
numeral_1_eq_Suc_0 [symmetric]
neg_number_of_pred_iff_0)
done
subsubsection{*Various Other Lemmas*}
lemma card_UNIV_bool[simp]: "card (UNIV :: bool set) = 2"
by(simp add: UNIV_bool)
text {*Evens and Odds, for Mutilated Chess Board*}
text{*Lemmas for specialist use, NOT as default simprules*}
lemma nat_mult_2: "2 * z = (z+z::nat)"
by (rule semiring_mult_2)
lemma nat_mult_2_right: "z * 2 = (z+z::nat)"
by (rule semiring_mult_2_right)
text{*Case analysis on @{term "n<2"}*}
lemma less_2_cases: "(n::nat) < 2 ==> n = 0 | n = Suc 0"
by (auto simp add: nat_1_add_1 [symmetric])
text{*Removal of Small Numerals: 0, 1 and (in additive positions) 2*}
lemma add_2_eq_Suc [simp]: "2 + n = Suc (Suc n)"
by simp
lemma add_2_eq_Suc' [simp]: "n + 2 = Suc (Suc n)"
by simp
text{*Can be used to eliminate long strings of Sucs, but not by default*}
lemma Suc3_eq_add_3: "Suc (Suc (Suc n)) = 3 + n"
by simp
end