(* Title: HOL/Matrix_LP/Matrix.thy
Author: Steven Obua
*)
theory Matrix
imports Main "HOL-Library.Lattice_Algebras"
begin
type_synonym 'a infmatrix = "nat \<Rightarrow> nat \<Rightarrow> 'a"
definition nonzero_positions :: "(nat \<Rightarrow> nat \<Rightarrow> 'a::zero) \<Rightarrow> (nat \<times> nat) set" where
"nonzero_positions A = {pos. A (fst pos) (snd pos) ~= 0}"
definition "matrix = {(f::(nat \<Rightarrow> nat \<Rightarrow> 'a::zero)). finite (nonzero_positions f)}"
typedef (overloaded) 'a matrix = "matrix :: (nat \<Rightarrow> nat \<Rightarrow> 'a::zero) set"
unfolding matrix_def
proof
show "(\<lambda>j i. 0) \<in> {(f::(nat \<Rightarrow> nat \<Rightarrow> 'a::zero)). finite (nonzero_positions f)}"
by (simp add: nonzero_positions_def)
qed
declare Rep_matrix_inverse[simp]
lemma finite_nonzero_positions : "finite (nonzero_positions (Rep_matrix A))"
by (induct A) (simp add: Abs_matrix_inverse matrix_def)
definition nrows :: "('a::zero) matrix \<Rightarrow> nat" where
"nrows A == if nonzero_positions(Rep_matrix A) = {} then 0 else Suc(Max ((image fst) (nonzero_positions (Rep_matrix A))))"
definition ncols :: "('a::zero) matrix \<Rightarrow> nat" where
"ncols A == if nonzero_positions(Rep_matrix A) = {} then 0 else Suc(Max ((image snd) (nonzero_positions (Rep_matrix A))))"
lemma nrows:
assumes hyp: "nrows A \<le> m"
shows "(Rep_matrix A m n) = 0"
proof cases
assume "nonzero_positions(Rep_matrix A) = {}"
then show "(Rep_matrix A m n) = 0" by (simp add: nonzero_positions_def)
next
assume a: "nonzero_positions(Rep_matrix A) \<noteq> {}"
let ?S = "fst`(nonzero_positions(Rep_matrix A))"
have c: "finite (?S)" by (simp add: finite_nonzero_positions)
from hyp have d: "Max (?S) < m" by (simp add: a nrows_def)
have "m \<notin> ?S"
proof -
have "m \<in> ?S \<Longrightarrow> m <= Max(?S)" by (simp add: Max_ge [OF c])
moreover from d have "~(m <= Max ?S)" by (simp)
ultimately show "m \<notin> ?S" by (auto)
qed
thus "Rep_matrix A m n = 0" by (simp add: nonzero_positions_def image_Collect)
qed
definition transpose_infmatrix :: "'a infmatrix \<Rightarrow> 'a infmatrix" where
"transpose_infmatrix A j i == A i j"
definition transpose_matrix :: "('a::zero) matrix \<Rightarrow> 'a matrix" where
"transpose_matrix == Abs_matrix o transpose_infmatrix o Rep_matrix"
declare transpose_infmatrix_def[simp]
lemma transpose_infmatrix_twice[simp]: "transpose_infmatrix (transpose_infmatrix A) = A"
by ((rule ext)+, simp)
lemma transpose_infmatrix: "transpose_infmatrix (% j i. P j i) = (% j i. P i j)"
apply (rule ext)+
by simp
lemma transpose_infmatrix_closed[simp]: "Rep_matrix (Abs_matrix (transpose_infmatrix (Rep_matrix x))) = transpose_infmatrix (Rep_matrix x)"
apply (rule Abs_matrix_inverse)
apply (simp add: matrix_def nonzero_positions_def image_def)
proof -
let ?A = "{pos. Rep_matrix x (snd pos) (fst pos) \<noteq> 0}"
let ?swap = "% pos. (snd pos, fst pos)"
let ?B = "{pos. Rep_matrix x (fst pos) (snd pos) \<noteq> 0}"
have swap_image: "?swap`?A = ?B"
apply (simp add: image_def)
apply (rule set_eqI)
apply (simp)
proof
fix y
assume hyp: "\<exists>a b. Rep_matrix x b a \<noteq> 0 \<and> y = (b, a)"
thus "Rep_matrix x (fst y) (snd y) \<noteq> 0"
proof -
from hyp obtain a b where "(Rep_matrix x b a \<noteq> 0 & y = (b,a))" by blast
then show "Rep_matrix x (fst y) (snd y) \<noteq> 0" by (simp)
qed
next
fix y
assume hyp: "Rep_matrix x (fst y) (snd y) \<noteq> 0"
show "\<exists> a b. (Rep_matrix x b a \<noteq> 0 & y = (b,a))"
by (rule exI[of _ "snd y"], rule exI[of _ "fst y"]) (simp add: hyp)
qed
then have "finite (?swap`?A)"
proof -
have "finite (nonzero_positions (Rep_matrix x))" by (simp add: finite_nonzero_positions)
then have "finite ?B" by (simp add: nonzero_positions_def)
with swap_image show "finite (?swap`?A)" by (simp)
qed
moreover
have "inj_on ?swap ?A" by (simp add: inj_on_def)
ultimately show "finite ?A"by (rule finite_imageD[of ?swap ?A])
qed
lemma infmatrixforward: "(x::'a infmatrix) = y \<Longrightarrow> \<forall> a b. x a b = y a b" by auto
lemma transpose_infmatrix_inject: "(transpose_infmatrix A = transpose_infmatrix B) = (A = B)"
apply (auto)
apply (rule ext)+
apply (simp add: transpose_infmatrix)
apply (drule infmatrixforward)
apply (simp)
done
lemma transpose_matrix_inject: "(transpose_matrix A = transpose_matrix B) = (A = B)"
apply (simp add: transpose_matrix_def)
apply (subst Rep_matrix_inject[THEN sym])+
apply (simp only: transpose_infmatrix_closed transpose_infmatrix_inject)
done
lemma transpose_matrix[simp]: "Rep_matrix(transpose_matrix A) j i = Rep_matrix A i j"
by (simp add: transpose_matrix_def)
lemma transpose_transpose_id[simp]: "transpose_matrix (transpose_matrix A) = A"
by (simp add: transpose_matrix_def)
lemma nrows_transpose[simp]: "nrows (transpose_matrix A) = ncols A"
by (simp add: nrows_def ncols_def nonzero_positions_def transpose_matrix_def image_def)
lemma ncols_transpose[simp]: "ncols (transpose_matrix A) = nrows A"
by (simp add: nrows_def ncols_def nonzero_positions_def transpose_matrix_def image_def)
lemma ncols: "ncols A <= n \<Longrightarrow> Rep_matrix A m n = 0"
proof -
assume "ncols A <= n"
then have "nrows (transpose_matrix A) <= n" by (simp)
then have "Rep_matrix (transpose_matrix A) n m = 0" by (rule nrows)
thus "Rep_matrix A m n = 0" by (simp add: transpose_matrix_def)
qed
lemma ncols_le: "(ncols A <= n) = (! j i. n <= i \<longrightarrow> (Rep_matrix A j i) = 0)" (is "_ = ?st")
apply (auto)
apply (simp add: ncols)
proof (simp add: ncols_def, auto)
let ?P = "nonzero_positions (Rep_matrix A)"
let ?p = "snd`?P"
have a:"finite ?p" by (simp add: finite_nonzero_positions)
let ?m = "Max ?p"
assume "~(Suc (?m) <= n)"
then have b:"n <= ?m" by (simp)
fix a b
assume "(a,b) \<in> ?P"
then have "?p \<noteq> {}" by (auto)
with a have "?m \<in> ?p" by (simp)
moreover have "!x. (x \<in> ?p \<longrightarrow> (? y. (Rep_matrix A y x) \<noteq> 0))" by (simp add: nonzero_positions_def image_def)
ultimately have "? y. (Rep_matrix A y ?m) \<noteq> 0" by (simp)
moreover assume ?st
ultimately show "False" using b by (simp)
qed
lemma less_ncols: "(n < ncols A) = (? j i. n <= i & (Rep_matrix A j i) \<noteq> 0)"
proof -
have a: "!! (a::nat) b. (a < b) = (~(b <= a))" by arith
show ?thesis by (simp add: a ncols_le)
qed
lemma le_ncols: "(n <= ncols A) = (\<forall> m. (\<forall> j i. m <= i \<longrightarrow> (Rep_matrix A j i) = 0) \<longrightarrow> n <= m)"
apply (auto)
apply (subgoal_tac "ncols A <= m")
apply (simp)
apply (simp add: ncols_le)
apply (drule_tac x="ncols A" in spec)
by (simp add: ncols)
lemma nrows_le: "(nrows A <= n) = (! j i. n <= j \<longrightarrow> (Rep_matrix A j i) = 0)" (is ?s)
proof -
have "(nrows A <= n) = (ncols (transpose_matrix A) <= n)" by (simp)
also have "\<dots> = (! j i. n <= i \<longrightarrow> (Rep_matrix (transpose_matrix A) j i = 0))" by (rule ncols_le)
also have "\<dots> = (! j i. n <= i \<longrightarrow> (Rep_matrix A i j) = 0)" by (simp)
finally show "(nrows A <= n) = (! j i. n <= j \<longrightarrow> (Rep_matrix A j i) = 0)" by (auto)
qed
lemma less_nrows: "(m < nrows A) = (? j i. m <= j & (Rep_matrix A j i) \<noteq> 0)"
proof -
have a: "!! (a::nat) b. (a < b) = (~(b <= a))" by arith
show ?thesis by (simp add: a nrows_le)
qed
lemma le_nrows: "(n <= nrows A) = (\<forall> m. (\<forall> j i. m <= j \<longrightarrow> (Rep_matrix A j i) = 0) \<longrightarrow> n <= m)"
apply (auto)
apply (subgoal_tac "nrows A <= m")
apply (simp)
apply (simp add: nrows_le)
apply (drule_tac x="nrows A" in spec)
by (simp add: nrows)
lemma nrows_notzero: "Rep_matrix A m n \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> m < nrows A"
apply (case_tac "nrows A <= m")
apply (simp_all add: nrows)
done
lemma ncols_notzero: "Rep_matrix A m n \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> n < ncols A"
apply (case_tac "ncols A <= n")
apply (simp_all add: ncols)
done
lemma finite_natarray1: "finite {x. x < (n::nat)}"
apply (induct n)
apply (simp)
proof -
fix n
have "{x. x < Suc n} = insert n {x. x < n}" by (rule set_eqI, simp, arith)
moreover assume "finite {x. x < n}"
ultimately show "finite {x. x < Suc n}" by (simp)
qed
lemma finite_natarray2: "finite {(x, y). x < (m::nat) & y < (n::nat)}"
by simp
lemma RepAbs_matrix:
assumes aem: "? m. ! j i. m <= j \<longrightarrow> x j i = 0" (is ?em) and aen:"? n. ! j i. (n <= i \<longrightarrow> x j i = 0)" (is ?en)
shows "(Rep_matrix (Abs_matrix x)) = x"
apply (rule Abs_matrix_inverse)
apply (simp add: matrix_def nonzero_positions_def)
proof -
from aem obtain m where a: "! j i. m <= j \<longrightarrow> x j i = 0" by (blast)
from aen obtain n where b: "! j i. n <= i \<longrightarrow> x j i = 0" by (blast)
let ?u = "{(i, j). x i j \<noteq> 0}"
let ?v = "{(i, j). i < m & j < n}"
have c: "!! (m::nat) a. ~(m <= a) \<Longrightarrow> a < m" by (arith)
from a b have "(?u \<inter> (-?v)) = {}"
apply (simp)
apply (rule set_eqI)
apply (simp)
apply auto
by (rule c, auto)+
then have d: "?u \<subseteq> ?v" by blast
moreover have "finite ?v" by (simp add: finite_natarray2)
moreover have "{pos. x (fst pos) (snd pos) \<noteq> 0} = ?u" by auto
ultimately show "finite {pos. x (fst pos) (snd pos) \<noteq> 0}"
by (metis (lifting) finite_subset)
qed
definition apply_infmatrix :: "('a \<Rightarrow> 'b) \<Rightarrow> 'a infmatrix \<Rightarrow> 'b infmatrix" where
"apply_infmatrix f == % A. (% j i. f (A j i))"
definition apply_matrix :: "('a \<Rightarrow> 'b) \<Rightarrow> ('a::zero) matrix \<Rightarrow> ('b::zero) matrix" where
"apply_matrix f == % A. Abs_matrix (apply_infmatrix f (Rep_matrix A))"
definition combine_infmatrix :: "('a \<Rightarrow> 'b \<Rightarrow> 'c) \<Rightarrow> 'a infmatrix \<Rightarrow> 'b infmatrix \<Rightarrow> 'c infmatrix" where
"combine_infmatrix f == % A B. (% j i. f (A j i) (B j i))"
definition combine_matrix :: "('a \<Rightarrow> 'b \<Rightarrow> 'c) \<Rightarrow> ('a::zero) matrix \<Rightarrow> ('b::zero) matrix \<Rightarrow> ('c::zero) matrix" where
"combine_matrix f == % A B. Abs_matrix (combine_infmatrix f (Rep_matrix A) (Rep_matrix B))"
lemma expand_apply_infmatrix[simp]: "apply_infmatrix f A j i = f (A j i)"
by (simp add: apply_infmatrix_def)
lemma expand_combine_infmatrix[simp]: "combine_infmatrix f A B j i = f (A j i) (B j i)"
by (simp add: combine_infmatrix_def)
definition commutative :: "('a \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'b) \<Rightarrow> bool" where
"commutative f == ! x y. f x y = f y x"
definition associative :: "('a \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'a) \<Rightarrow> bool" where
"associative f == ! x y z. f (f x y) z = f x (f y z)"
text\<open>
To reason about associativity and commutativity of operations on matrices,
let's take a step back and look at the general situtation: Assume that we have
sets $A$ and $B$ with $B \subset A$ and an abstraction $u: A \rightarrow B$. This abstraction has to fulfill $u(b) = b$ for all $b \in B$, but is arbitrary otherwise.
Each function $f: A \times A \rightarrow A$ now induces a function $f': B \times B \rightarrow B$ by $f' = u \circ f$.
It is obvious that commutativity of $f$ implies commutativity of $f'$: $f' x y = u (f x y) = u (f y x) = f' y x.$
\<close>
lemma combine_infmatrix_commute:
"commutative f \<Longrightarrow> commutative (combine_infmatrix f)"
by (simp add: commutative_def combine_infmatrix_def)
lemma combine_matrix_commute:
"commutative f \<Longrightarrow> commutative (combine_matrix f)"
by (simp add: combine_matrix_def commutative_def combine_infmatrix_def)
text\<open>
On the contrary, given an associative function $f$ we cannot expect $f'$ to be associative. A counterexample is given by $A=\ganz$, $B=\{-1, 0, 1\}$,
as $f$ we take addition on $\ganz$, which is clearly associative. The abstraction is given by $u(a) = 0$ for $a \notin B$. Then we have
\[ f' (f' 1 1) -1 = u(f (u (f 1 1)) -1) = u(f (u 2) -1) = u (f 0 -1) = -1, \]
but on the other hand we have
\[ f' 1 (f' 1 -1) = u (f 1 (u (f 1 -1))) = u (f 1 0) = 1.\]
A way out of this problem is to assume that $f(A\times A)\subset A$ holds, and this is what we are going to do:
\<close>
lemma nonzero_positions_combine_infmatrix[simp]: "f 0 0 = 0 \<Longrightarrow> nonzero_positions (combine_infmatrix f A B) \<subseteq> (nonzero_positions A) \<union> (nonzero_positions B)"
by (rule subsetI, simp add: nonzero_positions_def combine_infmatrix_def, auto)
lemma finite_nonzero_positions_Rep[simp]: "finite (nonzero_positions (Rep_matrix A))"
by (insert Rep_matrix [of A], simp add: matrix_def)
lemma combine_infmatrix_closed [simp]:
"f 0 0 = 0 \<Longrightarrow> Rep_matrix (Abs_matrix (combine_infmatrix f (Rep_matrix A) (Rep_matrix B))) = combine_infmatrix f (Rep_matrix A) (Rep_matrix B)"
apply (rule Abs_matrix_inverse)
apply (simp add: matrix_def)
apply (rule finite_subset[of _ "(nonzero_positions (Rep_matrix A)) \<union> (nonzero_positions (Rep_matrix B))"])
by (simp_all)
text \<open>We need the next two lemmas only later, but it is analog to the above one, so we prove them now:\<close>
lemma nonzero_positions_apply_infmatrix[simp]: "f 0 = 0 \<Longrightarrow> nonzero_positions (apply_infmatrix f A) \<subseteq> nonzero_positions A"
by (rule subsetI, simp add: nonzero_positions_def apply_infmatrix_def, auto)
lemma apply_infmatrix_closed [simp]:
"f 0 = 0 \<Longrightarrow> Rep_matrix (Abs_matrix (apply_infmatrix f (Rep_matrix A))) = apply_infmatrix f (Rep_matrix A)"
apply (rule Abs_matrix_inverse)
apply (simp add: matrix_def)
apply (rule finite_subset[of _ "nonzero_positions (Rep_matrix A)"])
by (simp_all)
lemma combine_infmatrix_assoc[simp]: "f 0 0 = 0 \<Longrightarrow> associative f \<Longrightarrow> associative (combine_infmatrix f)"
by (simp add: associative_def combine_infmatrix_def)
lemma comb: "f = g \<Longrightarrow> x = y \<Longrightarrow> f x = g y"
by (auto)
lemma combine_matrix_assoc: "f 0 0 = 0 \<Longrightarrow> associative f \<Longrightarrow> associative (combine_matrix f)"
apply (simp(no_asm) add: associative_def combine_matrix_def, auto)
apply (rule comb [of Abs_matrix Abs_matrix])
by (auto, insert combine_infmatrix_assoc[of f], simp add: associative_def)
lemma Rep_apply_matrix[simp]: "f 0 = 0 \<Longrightarrow> Rep_matrix (apply_matrix f A) j i = f (Rep_matrix A j i)"
by (simp add: apply_matrix_def)
lemma Rep_combine_matrix[simp]: "f 0 0 = 0 \<Longrightarrow> Rep_matrix (combine_matrix f A B) j i = f (Rep_matrix A j i) (Rep_matrix B j i)"
by(simp add: combine_matrix_def)
lemma combine_nrows_max: "f 0 0 = 0 \<Longrightarrow> nrows (combine_matrix f A B) <= max (nrows A) (nrows B)"
by (simp add: nrows_le)
lemma combine_ncols_max: "f 0 0 = 0 \<Longrightarrow> ncols (combine_matrix f A B) <= max (ncols A) (ncols B)"
by (simp add: ncols_le)
lemma combine_nrows: "f 0 0 = 0 \<Longrightarrow> nrows A <= q \<Longrightarrow> nrows B <= q \<Longrightarrow> nrows(combine_matrix f A B) <= q"
by (simp add: nrows_le)
lemma combine_ncols: "f 0 0 = 0 \<Longrightarrow> ncols A <= q \<Longrightarrow> ncols B <= q \<Longrightarrow> ncols(combine_matrix f A B) <= q"
by (simp add: ncols_le)
definition zero_r_neutral :: "('a \<Rightarrow> 'b::zero \<Rightarrow> 'a) \<Rightarrow> bool" where
"zero_r_neutral f == ! a. f a 0 = a"
definition zero_l_neutral :: "('a::zero \<Rightarrow> 'b \<Rightarrow> 'b) \<Rightarrow> bool" where
"zero_l_neutral f == ! a. f 0 a = a"
definition zero_closed :: "(('a::zero) \<Rightarrow> ('b::zero) \<Rightarrow> ('c::zero)) \<Rightarrow> bool" where
"zero_closed f == (!x. f x 0 = 0) & (!y. f 0 y = 0)"
primrec foldseq :: "('a \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'a) \<Rightarrow> (nat \<Rightarrow> 'a) \<Rightarrow> nat \<Rightarrow> 'a"
where
"foldseq f s 0 = s 0"
| "foldseq f s (Suc n) = f (s 0) (foldseq f (% k. s(Suc k)) n)"
primrec foldseq_transposed :: "('a \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'a) \<Rightarrow> (nat \<Rightarrow> 'a) \<Rightarrow> nat \<Rightarrow> 'a"
where
"foldseq_transposed f s 0 = s 0"
| "foldseq_transposed f s (Suc n) = f (foldseq_transposed f s n) (s (Suc n))"
lemma foldseq_assoc : "associative f \<Longrightarrow> foldseq f = foldseq_transposed f"
proof -
assume a:"associative f"
then have sublemma: "!! n. ! N s. N <= n \<longrightarrow> foldseq f s N = foldseq_transposed f s N"
proof -
fix n
show "!N s. N <= n \<longrightarrow> foldseq f s N = foldseq_transposed f s N"
proof (induct n)
show "!N s. N <= 0 \<longrightarrow> foldseq f s N = foldseq_transposed f s N" by simp
next
fix n
assume b:"! N s. N <= n \<longrightarrow> foldseq f s N = foldseq_transposed f s N"
have c:"!!N s. N <= n \<Longrightarrow> foldseq f s N = foldseq_transposed f s N" by (simp add: b)
show "! N t. N <= Suc n \<longrightarrow> foldseq f t N = foldseq_transposed f t N"
proof (auto)
fix N t
assume Nsuc: "N <= Suc n"
show "foldseq f t N = foldseq_transposed f t N"
proof cases
assume "N <= n"
then show "foldseq f t N = foldseq_transposed f t N" by (simp add: b)
next
assume "~(N <= n)"
with Nsuc have Nsuceq: "N = Suc n" by simp
have neqz: "n \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> ? m. n = Suc m & Suc m <= n" by arith
have assocf: "!! x y z. f x (f y z) = f (f x y) z" by (insert a, simp add: associative_def)
show "foldseq f t N = foldseq_transposed f t N"
apply (simp add: Nsuceq)
apply (subst c)
apply (simp)
apply (case_tac "n = 0")
apply (simp)
apply (drule neqz)
apply (erule exE)
apply (simp)
apply (subst assocf)
proof -
fix m
assume "n = Suc m & Suc m <= n"
then have mless: "Suc m <= n" by arith
then have step1: "foldseq_transposed f (% k. t (Suc k)) m = foldseq f (% k. t (Suc k)) m" (is "?T1 = ?T2")
apply (subst c)
by simp+
have step2: "f (t 0) ?T2 = foldseq f t (Suc m)" (is "_ = ?T3") by simp
have step3: "?T3 = foldseq_transposed f t (Suc m)" (is "_ = ?T4")
apply (subst c)
by (simp add: mless)+
have step4: "?T4 = f (foldseq_transposed f t m) (t (Suc m))" (is "_=?T5") by simp
from step1 step2 step3 step4 show sowhat: "f (f (t 0) ?T1) (t (Suc (Suc m))) = f ?T5 (t (Suc (Suc m)))" by simp
qed
qed
qed
qed
qed
show "foldseq f = foldseq_transposed f" by ((rule ext)+, insert sublemma, auto)
qed
lemma foldseq_distr: "\<lbrakk>associative f; commutative f\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> foldseq f (% k. f (u k) (v k)) n = f (foldseq f u n) (foldseq f v n)"
proof -
assume assoc: "associative f"
assume comm: "commutative f"
from assoc have a:"!! x y z. f (f x y) z = f x (f y z)" by (simp add: associative_def)
from comm have b: "!! x y. f x y = f y x" by (simp add: commutative_def)
from assoc comm have c: "!! x y z. f x (f y z) = f y (f x z)" by (simp add: commutative_def associative_def)
have "!! n. (! u v. foldseq f (%k. f (u k) (v k)) n = f (foldseq f u n) (foldseq f v n))"
apply (induct_tac n)
apply (simp+, auto)
by (simp add: a b c)
then show "foldseq f (% k. f (u k) (v k)) n = f (foldseq f u n) (foldseq f v n)" by simp
qed
theorem "\<lbrakk>associative f; associative g; \<forall>a b c d. g (f a b) (f c d) = f (g a c) (g b d); ? x y. (f x) \<noteq> (f y); ? x y. (g x) \<noteq> (g y); f x x = x; g x x = x\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> f=g | (! y. f y x = y) | (! y. g y x = y)"
oops
(* Model found
Trying to find a model that refutes: \<lbrakk>associative f; associative g;
\<forall>a b c d. g (f a b) (f c d) = f (g a c) (g b d); \<exists>x y. f x \<noteq> f y;
\<exists>x y. g x \<noteq> g y; f x x = x; g x x = x\<rbrakk>
\<Longrightarrow> f = g \<or> (\<forall>y. f y x = y) \<or> (\<forall>y. g y x = y)
Searching for a model of size 1, translating term... invoking SAT solver... no model found.
Searching for a model of size 2, translating term... invoking SAT solver... no model found.
Searching for a model of size 3, translating term... invoking SAT solver...
Model found:
Size of types: 'a: 3
x: a1
g: (a0\<mapsto>(a0\<mapsto>a1, a1\<mapsto>a0, a2\<mapsto>a1), a1\<mapsto>(a0\<mapsto>a0, a1\<mapsto>a1, a2\<mapsto>a0), a2\<mapsto>(a0\<mapsto>a1, a1\<mapsto>a0, a2\<mapsto>a1))
f: (a0\<mapsto>(a0\<mapsto>a0, a1\<mapsto>a0, a2\<mapsto>a0), a1\<mapsto>(a0\<mapsto>a1, a1\<mapsto>a1, a2\<mapsto>a1), a2\<mapsto>(a0\<mapsto>a0, a1\<mapsto>a0, a2\<mapsto>a0))
*)
lemma foldseq_zero:
assumes fz: "f 0 0 = 0" and sz: "! i. i <= n \<longrightarrow> s i = 0"
shows "foldseq f s n = 0"
proof -
have "!! n. ! s. (! i. i <= n \<longrightarrow> s i = 0) \<longrightarrow> foldseq f s n = 0"
apply (induct_tac n)
apply (simp)
by (simp add: fz)
then show "foldseq f s n = 0" by (simp add: sz)
qed
lemma foldseq_significant_positions:
assumes p: "! i. i <= N \<longrightarrow> S i = T i"
shows "foldseq f S N = foldseq f T N"
proof -
have "!! m . ! s t. (! i. i<=m \<longrightarrow> s i = t i) \<longrightarrow> foldseq f s m = foldseq f t m"
apply (induct_tac m)
apply (simp)
apply (simp)
apply (auto)
proof -
fix n
fix s::"nat\<Rightarrow>'a"
fix t::"nat\<Rightarrow>'a"
assume a: "\<forall>s t. (\<forall>i\<le>n. s i = t i) \<longrightarrow> foldseq f s n = foldseq f t n"
assume b: "\<forall>i\<le>Suc n. s i = t i"
have c:"!! a b. a = b \<Longrightarrow> f (t 0) a = f (t 0) b" by blast
have d:"!! s t. (\<forall>i\<le>n. s i = t i) \<Longrightarrow> foldseq f s n = foldseq f t n" by (simp add: a)
show "f (t 0) (foldseq f (\<lambda>k. s (Suc k)) n) = f (t 0) (foldseq f (\<lambda>k. t (Suc k)) n)" by (rule c, simp add: d b)
qed
with p show ?thesis by simp
qed
lemma foldseq_tail:
assumes "M <= N"
shows "foldseq f S N = foldseq f (% k. (if k < M then (S k) else (foldseq f (% k. S(k+M)) (N-M)))) M"
proof -
have suc: "!! a b. \<lbrakk>a <= Suc b; a \<noteq> Suc b\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> a <= b" by arith
have a:"!! a b c . a = b \<Longrightarrow> f c a = f c b" by blast
have "!! n. ! m s. m <= n \<longrightarrow> foldseq f s n = foldseq f (% k. (if k < m then (s k) else (foldseq f (% k. s(k+m)) (n-m)))) m"
apply (induct_tac n)
apply (simp)
apply (simp)
apply (auto)
apply (case_tac "m = Suc na")
apply (simp)
apply (rule a)
apply (rule foldseq_significant_positions)
apply (auto)
apply (drule suc, simp+)
proof -
fix na m s
assume suba:"\<forall>m\<le>na. \<forall>s. foldseq f s na = foldseq f (\<lambda>k. if k < m then s k else foldseq f (\<lambda>k. s (k + m)) (na - m))m"
assume subb:"m <= na"
from suba have subc:"!! m s. m <= na \<Longrightarrow>foldseq f s na = foldseq f (\<lambda>k. if k < m then s k else foldseq f (\<lambda>k. s (k + m)) (na - m))m" by simp
have subd: "foldseq f (\<lambda>k. if k < m then s (Suc k) else foldseq f (\<lambda>k. s (Suc (k + m))) (na - m)) m =
foldseq f (% k. s(Suc k)) na"
by (rule subc[of m "% k. s(Suc k)", THEN sym], simp add: subb)
from subb have sube: "m \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> ? mm. m = Suc mm & mm <= na" by arith
show "f (s 0) (foldseq f (\<lambda>k. if k < m then s (Suc k) else foldseq f (\<lambda>k. s (Suc (k + m))) (na - m)) m) =
foldseq f (\<lambda>k. if k < m then s k else foldseq f (\<lambda>k. s (k + m)) (Suc na - m)) m"
apply (simp add: subd)
apply (cases "m = 0")
apply simp
apply (drule sube)
apply auto
apply (rule a)
apply (simp add: subc cong del: if_weak_cong)
done
qed
then show ?thesis using assms by simp
qed
lemma foldseq_zerotail:
assumes
fz: "f 0 0 = 0"
and sz: "! i. n <= i \<longrightarrow> s i = 0"
and nm: "n <= m"
shows
"foldseq f s n = foldseq f s m"
proof -
show "foldseq f s n = foldseq f s m"
apply (simp add: foldseq_tail[OF nm, of f s])
apply (rule foldseq_significant_positions)
apply (auto)
apply (subst foldseq_zero)
by (simp add: fz sz)+
qed
lemma foldseq_zerotail2:
assumes "! x. f x 0 = x"
and "! i. n < i \<longrightarrow> s i = 0"
and nm: "n <= m"
shows "foldseq f s n = foldseq f s m"
proof -
have "f 0 0 = 0" by (simp add: assms)
have b:"!! m n. n <= m \<Longrightarrow> m \<noteq> n \<Longrightarrow> ? k. m-n = Suc k" by arith
have c: "0 <= m" by simp
have d: "!! k. k \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> ? l. k = Suc l" by arith
show ?thesis
apply (subst foldseq_tail[OF nm])
apply (rule foldseq_significant_positions)
apply (auto)
apply (case_tac "m=n")
apply (simp+)
apply (drule b[OF nm])
apply (auto)
apply (case_tac "k=0")
apply (simp add: assms)
apply (drule d)
apply (auto)
apply (simp add: assms foldseq_zero)
done
qed
lemma foldseq_zerostart:
"! x. f 0 (f 0 x) = f 0 x \<Longrightarrow> ! i. i <= n \<longrightarrow> s i = 0 \<Longrightarrow> foldseq f s (Suc n) = f 0 (s (Suc n))"
proof -
assume f00x: "! x. f 0 (f 0 x) = f 0 x"
have "! s. (! i. i<=n \<longrightarrow> s i = 0) \<longrightarrow> foldseq f s (Suc n) = f 0 (s (Suc n))"
apply (induct n)
apply (simp)
apply (rule allI, rule impI)
proof -
fix n
fix s
have a:"foldseq f s (Suc (Suc n)) = f (s 0) (foldseq f (% k. s(Suc k)) (Suc n))" by simp
assume b: "! s. ((\<forall>i\<le>n. s i = 0) \<longrightarrow> foldseq f s (Suc n) = f 0 (s (Suc n)))"
from b have c:"!! s. (\<forall>i\<le>n. s i = 0) \<Longrightarrow> foldseq f s (Suc n) = f 0 (s (Suc n))" by simp
assume d: "! i. i <= Suc n \<longrightarrow> s i = 0"
show "foldseq f s (Suc (Suc n)) = f 0 (s (Suc (Suc n)))"
apply (subst a)
apply (subst c)
by (simp add: d f00x)+
qed
then show "! i. i <= n \<longrightarrow> s i = 0 \<Longrightarrow> foldseq f s (Suc n) = f 0 (s (Suc n))" by simp
qed
lemma foldseq_zerostart2:
"! x. f 0 x = x \<Longrightarrow> ! i. i < n \<longrightarrow> s i = 0 \<Longrightarrow> foldseq f s n = s n"
proof -
assume a:"! i. i<n \<longrightarrow> s i = 0"
assume x:"! x. f 0 x = x"
from x have f00x: "! x. f 0 (f 0 x) = f 0 x" by blast
have b: "!! i l. i < Suc l = (i <= l)" by arith
have d: "!! k. k \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> ? l. k = Suc l" by arith
show "foldseq f s n = s n"
apply (case_tac "n=0")
apply (simp)
apply (insert a)
apply (drule d)
apply (auto)
apply (simp add: b)
apply (insert f00x)
apply (drule foldseq_zerostart)
by (simp add: x)+
qed
lemma foldseq_almostzero:
assumes f0x:"! x. f 0 x = x" and fx0: "! x. f x 0 = x" and s0:"! i. i \<noteq> j \<longrightarrow> s i = 0"
shows "foldseq f s n = (if (j <= n) then (s j) else 0)"
proof -
from s0 have a: "! i. i < j \<longrightarrow> s i = 0" by simp
from s0 have b: "! i. j < i \<longrightarrow> s i = 0" by simp
show ?thesis
apply auto
apply (subst foldseq_zerotail2[of f, OF fx0, of j, OF b, of n, THEN sym])
apply simp
apply (subst foldseq_zerostart2)
apply (simp add: f0x a)+
apply (subst foldseq_zero)
by (simp add: s0 f0x)+
qed
lemma foldseq_distr_unary:
assumes "!! a b. g (f a b) = f (g a) (g b)"
shows "g(foldseq f s n) = foldseq f (% x. g(s x)) n"
proof -
have "! s. g(foldseq f s n) = foldseq f (% x. g(s x)) n"
apply (induct_tac n)
apply (simp)
apply (simp)
apply (auto)
apply (drule_tac x="% k. s (Suc k)" in spec)
by (simp add: assms)
then show ?thesis by simp
qed
definition mult_matrix_n :: "nat \<Rightarrow> (('a::zero) \<Rightarrow> ('b::zero) \<Rightarrow> ('c::zero)) \<Rightarrow> ('c \<Rightarrow> 'c \<Rightarrow> 'c) \<Rightarrow> 'a matrix \<Rightarrow> 'b matrix \<Rightarrow> 'c matrix" where
"mult_matrix_n n fmul fadd A B == Abs_matrix(% j i. foldseq fadd (% k. fmul (Rep_matrix A j k) (Rep_matrix B k i)) n)"
definition mult_matrix :: "(('a::zero) \<Rightarrow> ('b::zero) \<Rightarrow> ('c::zero)) \<Rightarrow> ('c \<Rightarrow> 'c \<Rightarrow> 'c) \<Rightarrow> 'a matrix \<Rightarrow> 'b matrix \<Rightarrow> 'c matrix" where
"mult_matrix fmul fadd A B == mult_matrix_n (max (ncols A) (nrows B)) fmul fadd A B"
lemma mult_matrix_n:
assumes "ncols A \<le> n" (is ?An) "nrows B \<le> n" (is ?Bn) "fadd 0 0 = 0" "fmul 0 0 = 0"
shows c:"mult_matrix fmul fadd A B = mult_matrix_n n fmul fadd A B"
proof -
show ?thesis using assms
apply (simp add: mult_matrix_def mult_matrix_n_def)
apply (rule comb[of "Abs_matrix" "Abs_matrix"], simp, (rule ext)+)
apply (rule foldseq_zerotail, simp_all add: nrows_le ncols_le assms)
done
qed
lemma mult_matrix_nm:
assumes "ncols A <= n" "nrows B <= n" "ncols A <= m" "nrows B <= m" "fadd 0 0 = 0" "fmul 0 0 = 0"
shows "mult_matrix_n n fmul fadd A B = mult_matrix_n m fmul fadd A B"
proof -
from assms have "mult_matrix_n n fmul fadd A B = mult_matrix fmul fadd A B"
by (simp add: mult_matrix_n)
also from assms have "\<dots> = mult_matrix_n m fmul fadd A B"
by (simp add: mult_matrix_n[THEN sym])
finally show "mult_matrix_n n fmul fadd A B = mult_matrix_n m fmul fadd A B" by simp
qed
definition r_distributive :: "('a \<Rightarrow> 'b \<Rightarrow> 'b) \<Rightarrow> ('b \<Rightarrow> 'b \<Rightarrow> 'b) \<Rightarrow> bool" where
"r_distributive fmul fadd == ! a u v. fmul a (fadd u v) = fadd (fmul a u) (fmul a v)"
definition l_distributive :: "('a \<Rightarrow> 'b \<Rightarrow> 'a) \<Rightarrow> ('a \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'a) \<Rightarrow> bool" where
"l_distributive fmul fadd == ! a u v. fmul (fadd u v) a = fadd (fmul u a) (fmul v a)"
definition distributive :: "('a \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'a) \<Rightarrow> ('a \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'a) \<Rightarrow> bool" where
"distributive fmul fadd == l_distributive fmul fadd & r_distributive fmul fadd"
lemma max1: "!! a x y. (a::nat) <= x \<Longrightarrow> a <= max x y" by (arith)
lemma max2: "!! b x y. (b::nat) <= y \<Longrightarrow> b <= max x y" by (arith)
lemma r_distributive_matrix:
assumes
"r_distributive fmul fadd"
"associative fadd"
"commutative fadd"
"fadd 0 0 = 0"
"! a. fmul a 0 = 0"
"! a. fmul 0 a = 0"
shows "r_distributive (mult_matrix fmul fadd) (combine_matrix fadd)"
proof -
from assms show ?thesis
apply (simp add: r_distributive_def mult_matrix_def, auto)
proof -
fix a::"'a matrix"
fix u::"'b matrix"
fix v::"'b matrix"
let ?mx = "max (ncols a) (max (nrows u) (nrows v))"
from assms show "mult_matrix_n (max (ncols a) (nrows (combine_matrix fadd u v))) fmul fadd a (combine_matrix fadd u v) =
combine_matrix fadd (mult_matrix_n (max (ncols a) (nrows u)) fmul fadd a u) (mult_matrix_n (max (ncols a) (nrows v)) fmul fadd a v)"
apply (subst mult_matrix_nm[of _ _ _ ?mx fadd fmul])
apply (simp add: max1 max2 combine_nrows combine_ncols)+
apply (subst mult_matrix_nm[of _ _ v ?mx fadd fmul])
apply (simp add: max1 max2 combine_nrows combine_ncols)+
apply (subst mult_matrix_nm[of _ _ u ?mx fadd fmul])
apply (simp add: max1 max2 combine_nrows combine_ncols)+
apply (simp add: mult_matrix_n_def r_distributive_def foldseq_distr[of fadd])
apply (simp add: combine_matrix_def combine_infmatrix_def)
apply (rule comb[of "Abs_matrix" "Abs_matrix"], simp, (rule ext)+)
apply (simplesubst RepAbs_matrix)
apply (simp, auto)
apply (rule exI[of _ "nrows a"], simp add: nrows_le foldseq_zero)
apply (rule exI[of _ "ncols v"], simp add: ncols_le foldseq_zero)
apply (subst RepAbs_matrix)
apply (simp, auto)
apply (rule exI[of _ "nrows a"], simp add: nrows_le foldseq_zero)
apply (rule exI[of _ "ncols u"], simp add: ncols_le foldseq_zero)
done
qed
qed
lemma l_distributive_matrix:
assumes
"l_distributive fmul fadd"
"associative fadd"
"commutative fadd"
"fadd 0 0 = 0"
"! a. fmul a 0 = 0"
"! a. fmul 0 a = 0"
shows "l_distributive (mult_matrix fmul fadd) (combine_matrix fadd)"
proof -
from assms show ?thesis
apply (simp add: l_distributive_def mult_matrix_def, auto)
proof -
fix a::"'b matrix"
fix u::"'a matrix"
fix v::"'a matrix"
let ?mx = "max (nrows a) (max (ncols u) (ncols v))"
from assms show "mult_matrix_n (max (ncols (combine_matrix fadd u v)) (nrows a)) fmul fadd (combine_matrix fadd u v) a =
combine_matrix fadd (mult_matrix_n (max (ncols u) (nrows a)) fmul fadd u a) (mult_matrix_n (max (ncols v) (nrows a)) fmul fadd v a)"
apply (subst mult_matrix_nm[of v _ _ ?mx fadd fmul])
apply (simp add: max1 max2 combine_nrows combine_ncols)+
apply (subst mult_matrix_nm[of u _ _ ?mx fadd fmul])
apply (simp add: max1 max2 combine_nrows combine_ncols)+
apply (subst mult_matrix_nm[of _ _ _ ?mx fadd fmul])
apply (simp add: max1 max2 combine_nrows combine_ncols)+
apply (simp add: mult_matrix_n_def l_distributive_def foldseq_distr[of fadd])
apply (simp add: combine_matrix_def combine_infmatrix_def)
apply (rule comb[of "Abs_matrix" "Abs_matrix"], simp, (rule ext)+)
apply (simplesubst RepAbs_matrix)
apply (simp, auto)
apply (rule exI[of _ "nrows v"], simp add: nrows_le foldseq_zero)
apply (rule exI[of _ "ncols a"], simp add: ncols_le foldseq_zero)
apply (subst RepAbs_matrix)
apply (simp, auto)
apply (rule exI[of _ "nrows u"], simp add: nrows_le foldseq_zero)
apply (rule exI[of _ "ncols a"], simp add: ncols_le foldseq_zero)
done
qed
qed
instantiation matrix :: (zero) zero
begin
definition zero_matrix_def: "0 = Abs_matrix (\<lambda>j i. 0)"
instance ..
end
lemma Rep_zero_matrix_def[simp]: "Rep_matrix 0 j i = 0"
apply (simp add: zero_matrix_def)
apply (subst RepAbs_matrix)
by (auto)
lemma zero_matrix_def_nrows[simp]: "nrows 0 = 0"
proof -
have a:"!! (x::nat). x <= 0 \<Longrightarrow> x = 0" by (arith)
show "nrows 0 = 0" by (rule a, subst nrows_le, simp)
qed
lemma zero_matrix_def_ncols[simp]: "ncols 0 = 0"
proof -
have a:"!! (x::nat). x <= 0 \<Longrightarrow> x = 0" by (arith)
show "ncols 0 = 0" by (rule a, subst ncols_le, simp)
qed
lemma combine_matrix_zero_l_neutral: "zero_l_neutral f \<Longrightarrow> zero_l_neutral (combine_matrix f)"
by (simp add: zero_l_neutral_def combine_matrix_def combine_infmatrix_def)
lemma combine_matrix_zero_r_neutral: "zero_r_neutral f \<Longrightarrow> zero_r_neutral (combine_matrix f)"
by (simp add: zero_r_neutral_def combine_matrix_def combine_infmatrix_def)
lemma mult_matrix_zero_closed: "\<lbrakk>fadd 0 0 = 0; zero_closed fmul\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> zero_closed (mult_matrix fmul fadd)"
apply (simp add: zero_closed_def mult_matrix_def mult_matrix_n_def)
apply (auto)
by (subst foldseq_zero, (simp add: zero_matrix_def)+)+
lemma mult_matrix_n_zero_right[simp]: "\<lbrakk>fadd 0 0 = 0; !a. fmul a 0 = 0\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> mult_matrix_n n fmul fadd A 0 = 0"
apply (simp add: mult_matrix_n_def)
apply (subst foldseq_zero)
by (simp_all add: zero_matrix_def)
lemma mult_matrix_n_zero_left[simp]: "\<lbrakk>fadd 0 0 = 0; !a. fmul 0 a = 0\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> mult_matrix_n n fmul fadd 0 A = 0"
apply (simp add: mult_matrix_n_def)
apply (subst foldseq_zero)
by (simp_all add: zero_matrix_def)
lemma mult_matrix_zero_left[simp]: "\<lbrakk>fadd 0 0 = 0; !a. fmul 0 a = 0\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> mult_matrix fmul fadd 0 A = 0"
by (simp add: mult_matrix_def)
lemma mult_matrix_zero_right[simp]: "\<lbrakk>fadd 0 0 = 0; !a. fmul a 0 = 0\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> mult_matrix fmul fadd A 0 = 0"
by (simp add: mult_matrix_def)
lemma apply_matrix_zero[simp]: "f 0 = 0 \<Longrightarrow> apply_matrix f 0 = 0"
apply (simp add: apply_matrix_def apply_infmatrix_def)
by (simp add: zero_matrix_def)
lemma combine_matrix_zero: "f 0 0 = 0 \<Longrightarrow> combine_matrix f 0 0 = 0"
apply (simp add: combine_matrix_def combine_infmatrix_def)
by (simp add: zero_matrix_def)
lemma transpose_matrix_zero[simp]: "transpose_matrix 0 = 0"
apply (simp add: transpose_matrix_def zero_matrix_def RepAbs_matrix)
apply (subst Rep_matrix_inject[symmetric], (rule ext)+)
apply (simp add: RepAbs_matrix)
done
lemma apply_zero_matrix_def[simp]: "apply_matrix (% x. 0) A = 0"
apply (simp add: apply_matrix_def apply_infmatrix_def)
by (simp add: zero_matrix_def)
definition singleton_matrix :: "nat \<Rightarrow> nat \<Rightarrow> ('a::zero) \<Rightarrow> 'a matrix" where
"singleton_matrix j i a == Abs_matrix(% m n. if j = m & i = n then a else 0)"
definition move_matrix :: "('a::zero) matrix \<Rightarrow> int \<Rightarrow> int \<Rightarrow> 'a matrix" where
"move_matrix A y x == Abs_matrix(% j i. if (((int j)-y) < 0) | (((int i)-x) < 0) then 0 else Rep_matrix A (nat ((int j)-y)) (nat ((int i)-x)))"
definition take_rows :: "('a::zero) matrix \<Rightarrow> nat \<Rightarrow> 'a matrix" where
"take_rows A r == Abs_matrix(% j i. if (j < r) then (Rep_matrix A j i) else 0)"
definition take_columns :: "('a::zero) matrix \<Rightarrow> nat \<Rightarrow> 'a matrix" where
"take_columns A c == Abs_matrix(% j i. if (i < c) then (Rep_matrix A j i) else 0)"
definition column_of_matrix :: "('a::zero) matrix \<Rightarrow> nat \<Rightarrow> 'a matrix" where
"column_of_matrix A n == take_columns (move_matrix A 0 (- int n)) 1"
definition row_of_matrix :: "('a::zero) matrix \<Rightarrow> nat \<Rightarrow> 'a matrix" where
"row_of_matrix A m == take_rows (move_matrix A (- int m) 0) 1"
lemma Rep_singleton_matrix[simp]: "Rep_matrix (singleton_matrix j i e) m n = (if j = m & i = n then e else 0)"
apply (simp add: singleton_matrix_def)
apply (auto)
apply (subst RepAbs_matrix)
apply (rule exI[of _ "Suc m"], simp)
apply (rule exI[of _ "Suc n"], simp+)
by (subst RepAbs_matrix, rule exI[of _ "Suc j"], simp, rule exI[of _ "Suc i"], simp+)+
lemma apply_singleton_matrix[simp]: "f 0 = 0 \<Longrightarrow> apply_matrix f (singleton_matrix j i x) = (singleton_matrix j i (f x))"
apply (subst Rep_matrix_inject[symmetric])
apply (rule ext)+
apply (simp)
done
lemma singleton_matrix_zero[simp]: "singleton_matrix j i 0 = 0"
by (simp add: singleton_matrix_def zero_matrix_def)
lemma nrows_singleton[simp]: "nrows(singleton_matrix j i e) = (if e = 0 then 0 else Suc j)"
proof-
have th: "\<not> (\<forall>m. m \<le> j)" "\<exists>n. \<not> n \<le> i" by arith+
from th show ?thesis
apply (auto)
apply (rule le_antisym)
apply (subst nrows_le)
apply (simp add: singleton_matrix_def, auto)
apply (subst RepAbs_matrix)
apply auto
apply (simp add: Suc_le_eq)
apply (rule not_le_imp_less)
apply (subst nrows_le)
by simp
qed
lemma ncols_singleton[simp]: "ncols(singleton_matrix j i e) = (if e = 0 then 0 else Suc i)"
proof-
have th: "\<not> (\<forall>m. m \<le> j)" "\<exists>n. \<not> n \<le> i" by arith+
from th show ?thesis
apply (auto)
apply (rule le_antisym)
apply (subst ncols_le)
apply (simp add: singleton_matrix_def, auto)
apply (subst RepAbs_matrix)
apply auto
apply (simp add: Suc_le_eq)
apply (rule not_le_imp_less)
apply (subst ncols_le)
by simp
qed
lemma combine_singleton: "f 0 0 = 0 \<Longrightarrow> combine_matrix f (singleton_matrix j i a) (singleton_matrix j i b) = singleton_matrix j i (f a b)"
apply (simp add: singleton_matrix_def combine_matrix_def combine_infmatrix_def)
apply (subst RepAbs_matrix)
apply (rule exI[of _ "Suc j"], simp)
apply (rule exI[of _ "Suc i"], simp)
apply (rule comb[of "Abs_matrix" "Abs_matrix"], simp, (rule ext)+)
apply (subst RepAbs_matrix)
apply (rule exI[of _ "Suc j"], simp)
apply (rule exI[of _ "Suc i"], simp)
by simp
lemma transpose_singleton[simp]: "transpose_matrix (singleton_matrix j i a) = singleton_matrix i j a"
apply (subst Rep_matrix_inject[symmetric], (rule ext)+)
apply (simp)
done
lemma Rep_move_matrix[simp]:
"Rep_matrix (move_matrix A y x) j i =
(if (((int j)-y) < 0) | (((int i)-x) < 0) then 0 else Rep_matrix A (nat((int j)-y)) (nat((int i)-x)))"
apply (simp add: move_matrix_def)
apply (auto)
by (subst RepAbs_matrix,
rule exI[of _ "(nrows A)+(nat \<bar>y\<bar>)"], auto, rule nrows, arith,
rule exI[of _ "(ncols A)+(nat \<bar>x\<bar>)"], auto, rule ncols, arith)+
lemma move_matrix_0_0[simp]: "move_matrix A 0 0 = A"
by (simp add: move_matrix_def)
lemma move_matrix_ortho: "move_matrix A j i = move_matrix (move_matrix A j 0) 0 i"
apply (subst Rep_matrix_inject[symmetric])
apply (rule ext)+
apply (simp)
done
lemma transpose_move_matrix[simp]:
"transpose_matrix (move_matrix A x y) = move_matrix (transpose_matrix A) y x"
apply (subst Rep_matrix_inject[symmetric], (rule ext)+)
apply (simp)
done
lemma move_matrix_singleton[simp]: "move_matrix (singleton_matrix u v x) j i =
(if (j + int u < 0) | (i + int v < 0) then 0 else (singleton_matrix (nat (j + int u)) (nat (i + int v)) x))"
apply (subst Rep_matrix_inject[symmetric])
apply (rule ext)+
apply (case_tac "j + int u < 0")
apply (simp, arith)
apply (case_tac "i + int v < 0")
apply (simp, arith)
apply simp
apply arith
done
lemma Rep_take_columns[simp]:
"Rep_matrix (take_columns A c) j i =
(if i < c then (Rep_matrix A j i) else 0)"
apply (simp add: take_columns_def)
apply (simplesubst RepAbs_matrix)
apply (rule exI[of _ "nrows A"], auto, simp add: nrows_le)
apply (rule exI[of _ "ncols A"], auto, simp add: ncols_le)
done
lemma Rep_take_rows[simp]:
"Rep_matrix (take_rows A r) j i =
(if j < r then (Rep_matrix A j i) else 0)"
apply (simp add: take_rows_def)
apply (simplesubst RepAbs_matrix)
apply (rule exI[of _ "nrows A"], auto, simp add: nrows_le)
apply (rule exI[of _ "ncols A"], auto, simp add: ncols_le)
done
lemma Rep_column_of_matrix[simp]:
"Rep_matrix (column_of_matrix A c) j i = (if i = 0 then (Rep_matrix A j c) else 0)"
by (simp add: column_of_matrix_def)
lemma Rep_row_of_matrix[simp]:
"Rep_matrix (row_of_matrix A r) j i = (if j = 0 then (Rep_matrix A r i) else 0)"
by (simp add: row_of_matrix_def)
lemma column_of_matrix: "ncols A <= n \<Longrightarrow> column_of_matrix A n = 0"
apply (subst Rep_matrix_inject[THEN sym])
apply (rule ext)+
by (simp add: ncols)
lemma row_of_matrix: "nrows A <= n \<Longrightarrow> row_of_matrix A n = 0"
apply (subst Rep_matrix_inject[THEN sym])
apply (rule ext)+
by (simp add: nrows)
lemma mult_matrix_singleton_right[simp]:
assumes
"! x. fmul x 0 = 0"
"! x. fmul 0 x = 0"
"! x. fadd 0 x = x"
"! x. fadd x 0 = x"
shows "(mult_matrix fmul fadd A (singleton_matrix j i e)) = apply_matrix (% x. fmul x e) (move_matrix (column_of_matrix A j) 0 (int i))"
apply (simp add: mult_matrix_def)
apply (subst mult_matrix_nm[of _ _ _ "max (ncols A) (Suc j)"])
apply (auto)
apply (simp add: assms)+
apply (simp add: mult_matrix_n_def apply_matrix_def apply_infmatrix_def)
apply (rule comb[of "Abs_matrix" "Abs_matrix"], auto, (rule ext)+)
apply (subst foldseq_almostzero[of _ j])
apply (simp add: assms)+
apply (auto)
done
lemma mult_matrix_ext:
assumes
eprem:
"? e. (! a b. a \<noteq> b \<longrightarrow> fmul a e \<noteq> fmul b e)"
and fprems:
"! a. fmul 0 a = 0"
"! a. fmul a 0 = 0"
"! a. fadd a 0 = a"
"! a. fadd 0 a = a"
and contraprems:
"mult_matrix fmul fadd A = mult_matrix fmul fadd B"
shows
"A = B"
proof(rule contrapos_np[of "False"], simp)
assume a: "A \<noteq> B"
have b: "!! f g. (! x y. f x y = g x y) \<Longrightarrow> f = g" by ((rule ext)+, auto)
have "? j i. (Rep_matrix A j i) \<noteq> (Rep_matrix B j i)"
apply (rule contrapos_np[of "False"], simp+)
apply (insert b[of "Rep_matrix A" "Rep_matrix B"], simp)
by (simp add: Rep_matrix_inject a)
then obtain J I where c:"(Rep_matrix A J I) \<noteq> (Rep_matrix B J I)" by blast
from eprem obtain e where eprops:"(! a b. a \<noteq> b \<longrightarrow> fmul a e \<noteq> fmul b e)" by blast
let ?S = "singleton_matrix I 0 e"
let ?comp = "mult_matrix fmul fadd"
have d: "!!x f g. f = g \<Longrightarrow> f x = g x" by blast
have e: "(% x. fmul x e) 0 = 0" by (simp add: assms)
have "~(?comp A ?S = ?comp B ?S)"
apply (rule notI)
apply (simp add: fprems eprops)
apply (simp add: Rep_matrix_inject[THEN sym])
apply (drule d[of _ _ "J"], drule d[of _ _ "0"])
by (simp add: e c eprops)
with contraprems show "False" by simp
qed
definition foldmatrix :: "('a \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'a) \<Rightarrow> ('a \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'a) \<Rightarrow> ('a infmatrix) \<Rightarrow> nat \<Rightarrow> nat \<Rightarrow> 'a" where
"foldmatrix f g A m n == foldseq_transposed g (% j. foldseq f (A j) n) m"
definition foldmatrix_transposed :: "('a \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'a) \<Rightarrow> ('a \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'a) \<Rightarrow> ('a infmatrix) \<Rightarrow> nat \<Rightarrow> nat \<Rightarrow> 'a" where
"foldmatrix_transposed f g A m n == foldseq g (% j. foldseq_transposed f (A j) n) m"
lemma foldmatrix_transpose:
assumes
"! a b c d. g(f a b) (f c d) = f (g a c) (g b d)"
shows
"foldmatrix f g A m n = foldmatrix_transposed g f (transpose_infmatrix A) n m"
proof -
have forall:"!! P x. (! x. P x) \<Longrightarrow> P x" by auto
have tworows:"! A. foldmatrix f g A 1 n = foldmatrix_transposed g f (transpose_infmatrix A) n 1"
apply (induct n)
apply (simp add: foldmatrix_def foldmatrix_transposed_def assms)+
apply (auto)
by (drule_tac x="(% j i. A j (Suc i))" in forall, simp)
show "foldmatrix f g A m n = foldmatrix_transposed g f (transpose_infmatrix A) n m"
apply (simp add: foldmatrix_def foldmatrix_transposed_def)
apply (induct m, simp)
apply (simp)
apply (insert tworows)
apply (drule_tac x="% j i. (if j = 0 then (foldseq_transposed g (\<lambda>u. A u i) m) else (A (Suc m) i))" in spec)
by (simp add: foldmatrix_def foldmatrix_transposed_def)
qed
lemma foldseq_foldseq:
assumes
"associative f"
"associative g"
"! a b c d. g(f a b) (f c d) = f (g a c) (g b d)"
shows
"foldseq g (% j. foldseq f (A j) n) m = foldseq f (% j. foldseq g ((transpose_infmatrix A) j) m) n"
apply (insert foldmatrix_transpose[of g f A m n])
by (simp add: foldmatrix_def foldmatrix_transposed_def foldseq_assoc[THEN sym] assms)
lemma mult_n_nrows:
assumes
"! a. fmul 0 a = 0"
"! a. fmul a 0 = 0"
"fadd 0 0 = 0"
shows "nrows (mult_matrix_n n fmul fadd A B) \<le> nrows A"
apply (subst nrows_le)
apply (simp add: mult_matrix_n_def)
apply (subst RepAbs_matrix)
apply (rule_tac x="nrows A" in exI)
apply (simp add: nrows assms foldseq_zero)
apply (rule_tac x="ncols B" in exI)
apply (simp add: ncols assms foldseq_zero)
apply (simp add: nrows assms foldseq_zero)
done
lemma mult_n_ncols:
assumes
"! a. fmul 0 a = 0"
"! a. fmul a 0 = 0"
"fadd 0 0 = 0"
shows "ncols (mult_matrix_n n fmul fadd A B) \<le> ncols B"
apply (subst ncols_le)
apply (simp add: mult_matrix_n_def)
apply (subst RepAbs_matrix)
apply (rule_tac x="nrows A" in exI)
apply (simp add: nrows assms foldseq_zero)
apply (rule_tac x="ncols B" in exI)
apply (simp add: ncols assms foldseq_zero)
apply (simp add: ncols assms foldseq_zero)
done
lemma mult_nrows:
assumes
"! a. fmul 0 a = 0"
"! a. fmul a 0 = 0"
"fadd 0 0 = 0"
shows "nrows (mult_matrix fmul fadd A B) \<le> nrows A"
by (simp add: mult_matrix_def mult_n_nrows assms)
lemma mult_ncols:
assumes
"! a. fmul 0 a = 0"
"! a. fmul a 0 = 0"
"fadd 0 0 = 0"
shows "ncols (mult_matrix fmul fadd A B) \<le> ncols B"
by (simp add: mult_matrix_def mult_n_ncols assms)
lemma nrows_move_matrix_le: "nrows (move_matrix A j i) <= nat((int (nrows A)) + j)"
apply (auto simp add: nrows_le)
apply (rule nrows)
apply (arith)
done
lemma ncols_move_matrix_le: "ncols (move_matrix A j i) <= nat((int (ncols A)) + i)"
apply (auto simp add: ncols_le)
apply (rule ncols)
apply (arith)
done
lemma mult_matrix_assoc:
assumes
"! a. fmul1 0 a = 0"
"! a. fmul1 a 0 = 0"
"! a. fmul2 0 a = 0"
"! a. fmul2 a 0 = 0"
"fadd1 0 0 = 0"
"fadd2 0 0 = 0"
"! a b c d. fadd2 (fadd1 a b) (fadd1 c d) = fadd1 (fadd2 a c) (fadd2 b d)"
"associative fadd1"
"associative fadd2"
"! a b c. fmul2 (fmul1 a b) c = fmul1 a (fmul2 b c)"
"! a b c. fmul2 (fadd1 a b) c = fadd1 (fmul2 a c) (fmul2 b c)"
"! a b c. fmul1 c (fadd2 a b) = fadd2 (fmul1 c a) (fmul1 c b)"
shows "mult_matrix fmul2 fadd2 (mult_matrix fmul1 fadd1 A B) C = mult_matrix fmul1 fadd1 A (mult_matrix fmul2 fadd2 B C)"
proof -
have comb_left: "!! A B x y. A = B \<Longrightarrow> (Rep_matrix (Abs_matrix A)) x y = (Rep_matrix(Abs_matrix B)) x y" by blast
have fmul2fadd1fold: "!! x s n. fmul2 (foldseq fadd1 s n) x = foldseq fadd1 (% k. fmul2 (s k) x) n"
by (rule_tac g1 = "% y. fmul2 y x" in ssubst [OF foldseq_distr_unary], insert assms, simp_all)
have fmul1fadd2fold: "!! x s n. fmul1 x (foldseq fadd2 s n) = foldseq fadd2 (% k. fmul1 x (s k)) n"
using assms by (rule_tac g1 = "% y. fmul1 x y" in ssubst [OF foldseq_distr_unary], simp_all)
let ?N = "max (ncols A) (max (ncols B) (max (nrows B) (nrows C)))"
show ?thesis
apply (simp add: Rep_matrix_inject[THEN sym])
apply (rule ext)+
apply (simp add: mult_matrix_def)
apply (simplesubst mult_matrix_nm[of _ "max (ncols (mult_matrix_n (max (ncols A) (nrows B)) fmul1 fadd1 A B)) (nrows C)" _ "max (ncols B) (nrows C)"])
apply (simp add: max1 max2 mult_n_ncols mult_n_nrows assms)+
apply (simplesubst mult_matrix_nm[of _ "max (ncols A) (nrows (mult_matrix_n (max (ncols B) (nrows C)) fmul2 fadd2 B C))" _ "max (ncols A) (nrows B)"])
apply (simp add: max1 max2 mult_n_ncols mult_n_nrows assms)+
apply (simplesubst mult_matrix_nm[of _ _ _ "?N"])
apply (simp add: max1 max2 mult_n_ncols mult_n_nrows assms)+
apply (simplesubst mult_matrix_nm[of _ _ _ "?N"])
apply (simp add: max1 max2 mult_n_ncols mult_n_nrows assms)+
apply (simplesubst mult_matrix_nm[of _ _ _ "?N"])
apply (simp add: max1 max2 mult_n_ncols mult_n_nrows assms)+
apply (simplesubst mult_matrix_nm[of _ _ _ "?N"])
apply (simp add: max1 max2 mult_n_ncols mult_n_nrows assms)+
apply (simp add: mult_matrix_n_def)
apply (rule comb_left)
apply ((rule ext)+, simp)
apply (simplesubst RepAbs_matrix)
apply (rule exI[of _ "nrows B"])
apply (simp add: nrows assms foldseq_zero)
apply (rule exI[of _ "ncols C"])
apply (simp add: assms ncols foldseq_zero)
apply (subst RepAbs_matrix)
apply (rule exI[of _ "nrows A"])
apply (simp add: nrows assms foldseq_zero)
apply (rule exI[of _ "ncols B"])
apply (simp add: assms ncols foldseq_zero)
apply (simp add: fmul2fadd1fold fmul1fadd2fold assms)
apply (subst foldseq_foldseq)
apply (simp add: assms)+
apply (simp add: transpose_infmatrix)
done
qed
lemma
assumes
"! a. fmul1 0 a = 0"
"! a. fmul1 a 0 = 0"
"! a. fmul2 0 a = 0"
"! a. fmul2 a 0 = 0"
"fadd1 0 0 = 0"
"fadd2 0 0 = 0"
"! a b c d. fadd2 (fadd1 a b) (fadd1 c d) = fadd1 (fadd2 a c) (fadd2 b d)"
"associative fadd1"
"associative fadd2"
"! a b c. fmul2 (fmul1 a b) c = fmul1 a (fmul2 b c)"
"! a b c. fmul2 (fadd1 a b) c = fadd1 (fmul2 a c) (fmul2 b c)"
"! a b c. fmul1 c (fadd2 a b) = fadd2 (fmul1 c a) (fmul1 c b)"
shows
"(mult_matrix fmul1 fadd1 A) o (mult_matrix fmul2 fadd2 B) = mult_matrix fmul2 fadd2 (mult_matrix fmul1 fadd1 A B)"
apply (rule ext)+
apply (simp add: comp_def )
apply (simp add: mult_matrix_assoc assms)
done
lemma mult_matrix_assoc_simple:
assumes
"! a. fmul 0 a = 0"
"! a. fmul a 0 = 0"
"fadd 0 0 = 0"
"associative fadd"
"commutative fadd"
"associative fmul"
"distributive fmul fadd"
shows "mult_matrix fmul fadd (mult_matrix fmul fadd A B) C = mult_matrix fmul fadd A (mult_matrix fmul fadd B C)"
proof -
have "!! a b c d. fadd (fadd a b) (fadd c d) = fadd (fadd a c) (fadd b d)"
using assms by (simp add: associative_def commutative_def)
then show ?thesis
apply (subst mult_matrix_assoc)
using assms
apply simp_all
apply (simp_all add: associative_def distributive_def l_distributive_def r_distributive_def)
done
qed
lemma transpose_apply_matrix: "f 0 = 0 \<Longrightarrow> transpose_matrix (apply_matrix f A) = apply_matrix f (transpose_matrix A)"
apply (simp add: Rep_matrix_inject[THEN sym])
apply (rule ext)+
by simp
lemma transpose_combine_matrix: "f 0 0 = 0 \<Longrightarrow> transpose_matrix (combine_matrix f A B) = combine_matrix f (transpose_matrix A) (transpose_matrix B)"
apply (simp add: Rep_matrix_inject[THEN sym])
apply (rule ext)+
by simp
lemma Rep_mult_matrix:
assumes
"! a. fmul 0 a = 0"
"! a. fmul a 0 = 0"
"fadd 0 0 = 0"
shows
"Rep_matrix(mult_matrix fmul fadd A B) j i =
foldseq fadd (% k. fmul (Rep_matrix A j k) (Rep_matrix B k i)) (max (ncols A) (nrows B))"
apply (simp add: mult_matrix_def mult_matrix_n_def)
apply (subst RepAbs_matrix)
apply (rule exI[of _ "nrows A"], insert assms, simp add: nrows foldseq_zero)
apply (rule exI[of _ "ncols B"], insert assms, simp add: ncols foldseq_zero)
apply simp
done
lemma transpose_mult_matrix:
assumes
"! a. fmul 0 a = 0"
"! a. fmul a 0 = 0"
"fadd 0 0 = 0"
"! x y. fmul y x = fmul x y"
shows
"transpose_matrix (mult_matrix fmul fadd A B) = mult_matrix fmul fadd (transpose_matrix B) (transpose_matrix A)"
apply (simp add: Rep_matrix_inject[THEN sym])
apply (rule ext)+
using assms
apply (simp add: Rep_mult_matrix ac_simps)
done
lemma column_transpose_matrix: "column_of_matrix (transpose_matrix A) n = transpose_matrix (row_of_matrix A n)"
apply (simp add: Rep_matrix_inject[THEN sym])
apply (rule ext)+
by simp
lemma take_columns_transpose_matrix: "take_columns (transpose_matrix A) n = transpose_matrix (take_rows A n)"
apply (simp add: Rep_matrix_inject[THEN sym])
apply (rule ext)+
by simp
instantiation matrix :: ("{zero, ord}") ord
begin
definition
le_matrix_def: "A \<le> B \<longleftrightarrow> (\<forall>j i. Rep_matrix A j i \<le> Rep_matrix B j i)"
definition
less_def: "A < (B::'a matrix) \<longleftrightarrow> A \<le> B \<and> \<not> B \<le> A"
instance ..
end
instance matrix :: ("{zero, order}") order
apply intro_classes
apply (simp_all add: le_matrix_def less_def)
apply (auto)
apply (drule_tac x=j in spec, drule_tac x=j in spec)
apply (drule_tac x=i in spec, drule_tac x=i in spec)
apply (simp)
apply (simp add: Rep_matrix_inject[THEN sym])
apply (rule ext)+
apply (drule_tac x=xa in spec, drule_tac x=xa in spec)
apply (drule_tac x=xb in spec, drule_tac x=xb in spec)
apply simp
done
lemma le_apply_matrix:
assumes
"f 0 = 0"
"! x y. x <= y \<longrightarrow> f x <= f y"
"(a::('a::{ord, zero}) matrix) <= b"
shows
"apply_matrix f a <= apply_matrix f b"
using assms by (simp add: le_matrix_def)
lemma le_combine_matrix:
assumes
"f 0 0 = 0"
"! a b c d. a <= b & c <= d \<longrightarrow> f a c <= f b d"
"A <= B"
"C <= D"
shows
"combine_matrix f A C <= combine_matrix f B D"
using assms by (simp add: le_matrix_def)
lemma le_left_combine_matrix:
assumes
"f 0 0 = 0"
"! a b c. a <= b \<longrightarrow> f c a <= f c b"
"A <= B"
shows
"combine_matrix f C A <= combine_matrix f C B"
using assms by (simp add: le_matrix_def)
lemma le_right_combine_matrix:
assumes
"f 0 0 = 0"
"! a b c. a <= b \<longrightarrow> f a c <= f b c"
"A <= B"
shows
"combine_matrix f A C <= combine_matrix f B C"
using assms by (simp add: le_matrix_def)
lemma le_transpose_matrix: "(A <= B) = (transpose_matrix A <= transpose_matrix B)"
by (simp add: le_matrix_def, auto)
lemma le_foldseq:
assumes
"! a b c d . a <= b & c <= d \<longrightarrow> f a c <= f b d"
"! i. i <= n \<longrightarrow> s i <= t i"
shows
"foldseq f s n <= foldseq f t n"
proof -
have "! s t. (! i. i<=n \<longrightarrow> s i <= t i) \<longrightarrow> foldseq f s n <= foldseq f t n"
by (induct n) (simp_all add: assms)
then show "foldseq f s n <= foldseq f t n" using assms by simp
qed
lemma le_left_mult:
assumes
"! a b c d. a <= b & c <= d \<longrightarrow> fadd a c <= fadd b d"
"! c a b. 0 <= c & a <= b \<longrightarrow> fmul c a <= fmul c b"
"! a. fmul 0 a = 0"
"! a. fmul a 0 = 0"
"fadd 0 0 = 0"
"0 <= C"
"A <= B"
shows
"mult_matrix fmul fadd C A <= mult_matrix fmul fadd C B"
using assms
apply (simp add: le_matrix_def Rep_mult_matrix)
apply (auto)
apply (simplesubst foldseq_zerotail[of _ _ _ "max (ncols C) (max (nrows A) (nrows B))"], simp_all add: nrows ncols max1 max2)+
apply (rule le_foldseq)
apply (auto)
done
lemma le_right_mult:
assumes
"! a b c d. a <= b & c <= d \<longrightarrow> fadd a c <= fadd b d"
"! c a b. 0 <= c & a <= b \<longrightarrow> fmul a c <= fmul b c"
"! a. fmul 0 a = 0"
"! a. fmul a 0 = 0"
"fadd 0 0 = 0"
"0 <= C"
"A <= B"
shows
"mult_matrix fmul fadd A C <= mult_matrix fmul fadd B C"
using assms
apply (simp add: le_matrix_def Rep_mult_matrix)
apply (auto)
apply (simplesubst foldseq_zerotail[of _ _ _ "max (nrows C) (max (ncols A) (ncols B))"], simp_all add: nrows ncols max1 max2)+
apply (rule le_foldseq)
apply (auto)
done
lemma spec2: "! j i. P j i \<Longrightarrow> P j i" by blast
lemma neg_imp: "(\<not> Q \<longrightarrow> \<not> P) \<Longrightarrow> P \<longrightarrow> Q" by blast
lemma singleton_matrix_le[simp]: "(singleton_matrix j i a <= singleton_matrix j i b) = (a <= (b::_::order))"
by (auto simp add: le_matrix_def)
lemma singleton_le_zero[simp]: "(singleton_matrix j i x <= 0) = (x <= (0::'a::{order,zero}))"
apply (auto)
apply (simp add: le_matrix_def)
apply (drule_tac j=j and i=i in spec2)
apply (simp)
apply (simp add: le_matrix_def)
done
lemma singleton_ge_zero[simp]: "(0 <= singleton_matrix j i x) = ((0::'a::{order,zero}) <= x)"
apply (auto)
apply (simp add: le_matrix_def)
apply (drule_tac j=j and i=i in spec2)
apply (simp)
apply (simp add: le_matrix_def)
done
lemma move_matrix_le_zero[simp]: "0 <= j \<Longrightarrow> 0 <= i \<Longrightarrow> (move_matrix A j i <= 0) = (A <= (0::('a::{order,zero}) matrix))"
apply (auto simp add: le_matrix_def)
apply (drule_tac j="ja+(nat j)" and i="ia+(nat i)" in spec2)
apply (auto)
done
lemma move_matrix_zero_le[simp]: "0 <= j \<Longrightarrow> 0 <= i \<Longrightarrow> (0 <= move_matrix A j i) = ((0::('a::{order,zero}) matrix) <= A)"
apply (auto simp add: le_matrix_def)
apply (drule_tac j="ja+(nat j)" and i="ia+(nat i)" in spec2)
apply (auto)
done
lemma move_matrix_le_move_matrix_iff[simp]: "0 <= j \<Longrightarrow> 0 <= i \<Longrightarrow> (move_matrix A j i <= move_matrix B j i) = (A <= (B::('a::{order,zero}) matrix))"
apply (auto simp add: le_matrix_def)
apply (drule_tac j="ja+(nat j)" and i="ia+(nat i)" in spec2)
apply (auto)
done
instantiation matrix :: ("{lattice, zero}") lattice
begin
definition "inf = combine_matrix inf"
definition "sup = combine_matrix sup"
instance
by standard (auto simp add: le_infI le_matrix_def inf_matrix_def sup_matrix_def)
end
instantiation matrix :: ("{plus, zero}") plus
begin
definition
plus_matrix_def: "A + B = combine_matrix (+) A B"
instance ..
end
instantiation matrix :: ("{uminus, zero}") uminus
begin
definition
minus_matrix_def: "- A = apply_matrix uminus A"
instance ..
end
instantiation matrix :: ("{minus, zero}") minus
begin
definition
diff_matrix_def: "A - B = combine_matrix (-) A B"
instance ..
end
instantiation matrix :: ("{plus, times, zero}") times
begin
definition
times_matrix_def: "A * B = mult_matrix (( * )) (+) A B"
instance ..
end
instantiation matrix :: ("{lattice, uminus, zero}") abs
begin
definition
abs_matrix_def: "\<bar>A :: 'a matrix\<bar> = sup A (- A)"
instance ..
end
instance matrix :: (monoid_add) monoid_add
proof
fix A B C :: "'a matrix"
show "A + B + C = A + (B + C)"
apply (simp add: plus_matrix_def)
apply (rule combine_matrix_assoc[simplified associative_def, THEN spec, THEN spec, THEN spec])
apply (simp_all add: add.assoc)
done
show "0 + A = A"
apply (simp add: plus_matrix_def)
apply (rule combine_matrix_zero_l_neutral[simplified zero_l_neutral_def, THEN spec])
apply (simp)
done
show "A + 0 = A"
apply (simp add: plus_matrix_def)
apply (rule combine_matrix_zero_r_neutral [simplified zero_r_neutral_def, THEN spec])
apply (simp)
done
qed
instance matrix :: (comm_monoid_add) comm_monoid_add
proof
fix A B :: "'a matrix"
show "A + B = B + A"
apply (simp add: plus_matrix_def)
apply (rule combine_matrix_commute[simplified commutative_def, THEN spec, THEN spec])
apply (simp_all add: add.commute)
done
show "0 + A = A"
apply (simp add: plus_matrix_def)
apply (rule combine_matrix_zero_l_neutral[simplified zero_l_neutral_def, THEN spec])
apply (simp)
done
qed
instance matrix :: (group_add) group_add
proof
fix A B :: "'a matrix"
show "- A + A = 0"
by (simp add: plus_matrix_def minus_matrix_def Rep_matrix_inject[symmetric] ext)
show "A + - B = A - B"
by (simp add: plus_matrix_def diff_matrix_def minus_matrix_def Rep_matrix_inject [symmetric] ext)
qed
instance matrix :: (ab_group_add) ab_group_add
proof
fix A B :: "'a matrix"
show "- A + A = 0"
by (simp add: plus_matrix_def minus_matrix_def Rep_matrix_inject[symmetric] ext)
show "A - B = A + - B"
by (simp add: plus_matrix_def diff_matrix_def minus_matrix_def Rep_matrix_inject[symmetric] ext)
qed
instance matrix :: (ordered_ab_group_add) ordered_ab_group_add
proof
fix A B C :: "'a matrix"
assume "A <= B"
then show "C + A <= C + B"
apply (simp add: plus_matrix_def)
apply (rule le_left_combine_matrix)
apply (simp_all)
done
qed
instance matrix :: (lattice_ab_group_add) semilattice_inf_ab_group_add ..
instance matrix :: (lattice_ab_group_add) semilattice_sup_ab_group_add ..
instance matrix :: (semiring_0) semiring_0
proof
fix A B C :: "'a matrix"
show "A * B * C = A * (B * C)"
apply (simp add: times_matrix_def)
apply (rule mult_matrix_assoc)
apply (simp_all add: associative_def algebra_simps)
done
show "(A + B) * C = A * C + B * C"
apply (simp add: times_matrix_def plus_matrix_def)
apply (rule l_distributive_matrix[simplified l_distributive_def, THEN spec, THEN spec, THEN spec])
apply (simp_all add: associative_def commutative_def algebra_simps)
done
show "A * (B + C) = A * B + A * C"
apply (simp add: times_matrix_def plus_matrix_def)
apply (rule r_distributive_matrix[simplified r_distributive_def, THEN spec, THEN spec, THEN spec])
apply (simp_all add: associative_def commutative_def algebra_simps)
done
show "0 * A = 0" by (simp add: times_matrix_def)
show "A * 0 = 0" by (simp add: times_matrix_def)
qed
instance matrix :: (ring) ring ..
instance matrix :: (ordered_ring) ordered_ring
proof
fix A B C :: "'a matrix"
assume a: "A \<le> B"
assume b: "0 \<le> C"
from a b show "C * A \<le> C * B"
apply (simp add: times_matrix_def)
apply (rule le_left_mult)
apply (simp_all add: add_mono mult_left_mono)
done
from a b show "A * C \<le> B * C"
apply (simp add: times_matrix_def)
apply (rule le_right_mult)
apply (simp_all add: add_mono mult_right_mono)
done
qed
instance matrix :: (lattice_ring) lattice_ring
proof
fix A B C :: "('a :: lattice_ring) matrix"
show "\<bar>A\<bar> = sup A (-A)"
by (simp add: abs_matrix_def)
qed
lemma Rep_matrix_add[simp]:
"Rep_matrix ((a::('a::monoid_add)matrix)+b) j i = (Rep_matrix a j i) + (Rep_matrix b j i)"
by (simp add: plus_matrix_def)
lemma Rep_matrix_mult: "Rep_matrix ((a::('a::semiring_0) matrix) * b) j i =
foldseq (+) (% k. (Rep_matrix a j k) * (Rep_matrix b k i)) (max (ncols a) (nrows b))"
apply (simp add: times_matrix_def)
apply (simp add: Rep_mult_matrix)
done
lemma apply_matrix_add: "! x y. f (x+y) = (f x) + (f y) \<Longrightarrow> f 0 = (0::'a)
\<Longrightarrow> apply_matrix f ((a::('a::monoid_add) matrix) + b) = (apply_matrix f a) + (apply_matrix f b)"
apply (subst Rep_matrix_inject[symmetric])
apply (rule ext)+
apply (simp)
done
lemma singleton_matrix_add: "singleton_matrix j i ((a::_::monoid_add)+b) = (singleton_matrix j i a) + (singleton_matrix j i b)"
apply (subst Rep_matrix_inject[symmetric])
apply (rule ext)+
apply (simp)
done
lemma nrows_mult: "nrows ((A::('a::semiring_0) matrix) * B) <= nrows A"
by (simp add: times_matrix_def mult_nrows)
lemma ncols_mult: "ncols ((A::('a::semiring_0) matrix) * B) <= ncols B"
by (simp add: times_matrix_def mult_ncols)
definition
one_matrix :: "nat \<Rightarrow> ('a::{zero,one}) matrix" where
"one_matrix n = Abs_matrix (% j i. if j = i & j < n then 1 else 0)"
lemma Rep_one_matrix[simp]: "Rep_matrix (one_matrix n) j i = (if (j = i & j < n) then 1 else 0)"
apply (simp add: one_matrix_def)
apply (simplesubst RepAbs_matrix)
apply (rule exI[of _ n], simp add: if_split)+
by (simp add: if_split)
lemma nrows_one_matrix[simp]: "nrows ((one_matrix n) :: ('a::zero_neq_one)matrix) = n" (is "?r = _")
proof -
have "?r <= n" by (simp add: nrows_le)
moreover have "n <= ?r" by (simp add:le_nrows, arith)
ultimately show "?r = n" by simp
qed
lemma ncols_one_matrix[simp]: "ncols ((one_matrix n) :: ('a::zero_neq_one)matrix) = n" (is "?r = _")
proof -
have "?r <= n" by (simp add: ncols_le)
moreover have "n <= ?r" by (simp add: le_ncols, arith)
ultimately show "?r = n" by simp
qed
lemma one_matrix_mult_right[simp]: "ncols A <= n \<Longrightarrow> (A::('a::{semiring_1}) matrix) * (one_matrix n) = A"
apply (subst Rep_matrix_inject[THEN sym])
apply (rule ext)+
apply (simp add: times_matrix_def Rep_mult_matrix)
apply (rule_tac j1="xa" in ssubst[OF foldseq_almostzero])
apply (simp_all)
by (simp add: ncols)
lemma one_matrix_mult_left[simp]: "nrows A <= n \<Longrightarrow> (one_matrix n) * A = (A::('a::semiring_1) matrix)"
apply (subst Rep_matrix_inject[THEN sym])
apply (rule ext)+
apply (simp add: times_matrix_def Rep_mult_matrix)
apply (rule_tac j1="x" in ssubst[OF foldseq_almostzero])
apply (simp_all)
by (simp add: nrows)
lemma transpose_matrix_mult: "transpose_matrix ((A::('a::comm_ring) matrix)*B) = (transpose_matrix B) * (transpose_matrix A)"
apply (simp add: times_matrix_def)
apply (subst transpose_mult_matrix)
apply (simp_all add: mult.commute)
done
lemma transpose_matrix_add: "transpose_matrix ((A::('a::monoid_add) matrix)+B) = transpose_matrix A + transpose_matrix B"
by (simp add: plus_matrix_def transpose_combine_matrix)
lemma transpose_matrix_diff: "transpose_matrix ((A::('a::group_add) matrix)-B) = transpose_matrix A - transpose_matrix B"
by (simp add: diff_matrix_def transpose_combine_matrix)
lemma transpose_matrix_minus: "transpose_matrix (-(A::('a::group_add) matrix)) = - transpose_matrix (A::'a matrix)"
by (simp add: minus_matrix_def transpose_apply_matrix)
definition right_inverse_matrix :: "('a::{ring_1}) matrix \<Rightarrow> 'a matrix \<Rightarrow> bool" where
"right_inverse_matrix A X == (A * X = one_matrix (max (nrows A) (ncols X))) \<and> nrows X \<le> ncols A"
definition left_inverse_matrix :: "('a::{ring_1}) matrix \<Rightarrow> 'a matrix \<Rightarrow> bool" where
"left_inverse_matrix A X == (X * A = one_matrix (max(nrows X) (ncols A))) \<and> ncols X \<le> nrows A"
definition inverse_matrix :: "('a::{ring_1}) matrix \<Rightarrow> 'a matrix \<Rightarrow> bool" where
"inverse_matrix A X == (right_inverse_matrix A X) \<and> (left_inverse_matrix A X)"
lemma right_inverse_matrix_dim: "right_inverse_matrix A X \<Longrightarrow> nrows A = ncols X"
apply (insert ncols_mult[of A X], insert nrows_mult[of A X])
by (simp add: right_inverse_matrix_def)
lemma left_inverse_matrix_dim: "left_inverse_matrix A Y \<Longrightarrow> ncols A = nrows Y"
apply (insert ncols_mult[of Y A], insert nrows_mult[of Y A])
by (simp add: left_inverse_matrix_def)
lemma left_right_inverse_matrix_unique:
assumes "left_inverse_matrix A Y" "right_inverse_matrix A X"
shows "X = Y"
proof -
have "Y = Y * one_matrix (nrows A)"
apply (subst one_matrix_mult_right)
using assms
apply (simp_all add: left_inverse_matrix_def)
done
also have "\<dots> = Y * (A * X)"
apply (insert assms)
apply (frule right_inverse_matrix_dim)
by (simp add: right_inverse_matrix_def)
also have "\<dots> = (Y * A) * X" by (simp add: mult.assoc)
also have "\<dots> = X"
apply (insert assms)
apply (frule left_inverse_matrix_dim)
apply (simp_all add: left_inverse_matrix_def right_inverse_matrix_def one_matrix_mult_left)
done
ultimately show "X = Y" by (simp)
qed
lemma inverse_matrix_inject: "\<lbrakk> inverse_matrix A X; inverse_matrix A Y \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> X = Y"
by (auto simp add: inverse_matrix_def left_right_inverse_matrix_unique)
lemma one_matrix_inverse: "inverse_matrix (one_matrix n) (one_matrix n)"
by (simp add: inverse_matrix_def left_inverse_matrix_def right_inverse_matrix_def)
lemma zero_imp_mult_zero: "(a::'a::semiring_0) = 0 | b = 0 \<Longrightarrow> a * b = 0"
by auto
lemma Rep_matrix_zero_imp_mult_zero:
"! j i k. (Rep_matrix A j k = 0) | (Rep_matrix B k i) = 0 \<Longrightarrow> A * B = (0::('a::lattice_ring) matrix)"
apply (subst Rep_matrix_inject[symmetric])
apply (rule ext)+
apply (auto simp add: Rep_matrix_mult foldseq_zero zero_imp_mult_zero)
done
lemma add_nrows: "nrows (A::('a::monoid_add) matrix) <= u \<Longrightarrow> nrows B <= u \<Longrightarrow> nrows (A + B) <= u"
apply (simp add: plus_matrix_def)
apply (rule combine_nrows)
apply (simp_all)
done
lemma move_matrix_row_mult: "move_matrix ((A::('a::semiring_0) matrix) * B) j 0 = (move_matrix A j 0) * B"
apply (subst Rep_matrix_inject[symmetric])
apply (rule ext)+
apply (auto simp add: Rep_matrix_mult foldseq_zero)
apply (rule_tac foldseq_zerotail[symmetric])
apply (auto simp add: nrows zero_imp_mult_zero max2)
apply (rule order_trans)
apply (rule ncols_move_matrix_le)
apply (simp add: max1)
done
lemma move_matrix_col_mult: "move_matrix ((A::('a::semiring_0) matrix) * B) 0 i = A * (move_matrix B 0 i)"
apply (subst Rep_matrix_inject[symmetric])
apply (rule ext)+
apply (auto simp add: Rep_matrix_mult foldseq_zero)
apply (rule_tac foldseq_zerotail[symmetric])
apply (auto simp add: ncols zero_imp_mult_zero max1)
apply (rule order_trans)
apply (rule nrows_move_matrix_le)
apply (simp add: max2)
done
lemma move_matrix_add: "((move_matrix (A + B) j i)::(('a::monoid_add) matrix)) = (move_matrix A j i) + (move_matrix B j i)"
apply (subst Rep_matrix_inject[symmetric])
apply (rule ext)+
apply (simp)
done
lemma move_matrix_mult: "move_matrix ((A::('a::semiring_0) matrix)*B) j i = (move_matrix A j 0) * (move_matrix B 0 i)"
by (simp add: move_matrix_ortho[of "A*B"] move_matrix_col_mult move_matrix_row_mult)
definition scalar_mult :: "('a::ring) \<Rightarrow> 'a matrix \<Rightarrow> 'a matrix" where
"scalar_mult a m == apply_matrix (( * ) a) m"
lemma scalar_mult_zero[simp]: "scalar_mult y 0 = 0"
by (simp add: scalar_mult_def)
lemma scalar_mult_add: "scalar_mult y (a+b) = (scalar_mult y a) + (scalar_mult y b)"
by (simp add: scalar_mult_def apply_matrix_add algebra_simps)
lemma Rep_scalar_mult[simp]: "Rep_matrix (scalar_mult y a) j i = y * (Rep_matrix a j i)"
by (simp add: scalar_mult_def)
lemma scalar_mult_singleton[simp]: "scalar_mult y (singleton_matrix j i x) = singleton_matrix j i (y * x)"
apply (subst Rep_matrix_inject[symmetric])
apply (rule ext)+
apply (auto)
done
lemma Rep_minus[simp]: "Rep_matrix (-(A::_::group_add)) x y = - (Rep_matrix A x y)"
by (simp add: minus_matrix_def)
lemma Rep_abs[simp]: "Rep_matrix \<bar>A::_::lattice_ab_group_add\<bar> x y = \<bar>Rep_matrix A x y\<bar>"
by (simp add: abs_lattice sup_matrix_def)
end