haftmann@29815: (* Author: Florian Haftmann, TU Muenchen *)
haftmann@22528: 
haftmann@26265: header {* A HOL random engine *}
haftmann@22528: 
haftmann@22528: theory Random
haftmann@31205: imports Code_Numeral List
haftmann@22528: begin
haftmann@22528: 
haftmann@29823: notation fcomp (infixl "o>" 60)
haftmann@29823: notation scomp (infixl "o\<rightarrow>" 60)
haftmann@29823: 
haftmann@29823: 
haftmann@26265: subsection {* Auxiliary functions *}
haftmann@26265: 
haftmann@33236: fun log :: "code_numeral \<Rightarrow> code_numeral \<Rightarrow> code_numeral" where
haftmann@33236:   "log b i = (if b \<le> 1 \<or> i < b then 1 else 1 + log b (i div b))"
haftmann@33236: 
haftmann@31205: definition inc_shift :: "code_numeral \<Rightarrow> code_numeral \<Rightarrow> code_numeral" where
haftmann@26265:   "inc_shift v k = (if v = k then 1 else k + 1)"
haftmann@26265: 
haftmann@31205: definition minus_shift :: "code_numeral \<Rightarrow> code_numeral \<Rightarrow> code_numeral \<Rightarrow> code_numeral" where
haftmann@26265:   "minus_shift r k l = (if k < l then r + k - l else k - l)"
haftmann@26265: 
haftmann@30495: 
haftmann@26265: subsection {* Random seeds *}
haftmann@26038: 
haftmann@31205: types seed = "code_numeral \<times> code_numeral"
haftmann@22528: 
haftmann@31205: primrec "next" :: "seed \<Rightarrow> code_numeral \<times> seed" where
haftmann@26265:   "next (v, w) = (let
haftmann@26265:      k =  v div 53668;
haftmann@33236:      v' = minus_shift 2147483563 ((v mod 53668) * 40014) (k * 12211);
haftmann@26265:      l =  w div 52774;
haftmann@33236:      w' = minus_shift 2147483399 ((w mod 52774) * 40692) (l * 3791);
haftmann@26265:      z =  minus_shift 2147483562 v' (w' + 1) + 1
haftmann@26265:    in (z, (v', w')))"
haftmann@26265: 
haftmann@29823: definition split_seed :: "seed \<Rightarrow> seed \<times> seed" where
haftmann@26038:   "split_seed s = (let
haftmann@26038:      (v, w) = s;
haftmann@26038:      (v', w') = snd (next s);
haftmann@26265:      v'' = inc_shift 2147483562 v;
haftmann@33236:      w'' = inc_shift 2147483398 w
haftmann@33236:    in ((v'', w'), (v', w'')))"
haftmann@26038: 
haftmann@26038: 
haftmann@26265: subsection {* Base selectors *}
haftmann@22528: 
haftmann@31205: fun iterate :: "code_numeral \<Rightarrow> ('b \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'b \<times> 'a) \<Rightarrow> 'b \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'b \<times> 'a" where
haftmann@30495:   "iterate k f x = (if k = 0 then Pair x else f x o\<rightarrow> iterate (k - 1) f)"
haftmann@22528: 
haftmann@31205: definition range :: "code_numeral \<Rightarrow> seed \<Rightarrow> code_numeral \<times> seed" where
haftmann@30495:   "range k = iterate (log 2147483561 k)
haftmann@30495:       (\<lambda>l. next o\<rightarrow> (\<lambda>v. Pair (v + l * 2147483561))) 1
haftmann@29823:     o\<rightarrow> (\<lambda>v. Pair (v mod k))"
haftmann@26265: 
haftmann@26265: lemma range:
haftmann@30495:   "k > 0 \<Longrightarrow> fst (range k s) < k"
haftmann@30495:   by (simp add: range_def scomp_apply split_def del: log.simps iterate.simps)
haftmann@26038: 
haftmann@29823: definition select :: "'a list \<Rightarrow> seed \<Rightarrow> 'a \<times> seed" where
haftmann@31205:   "select xs = range (Code_Numeral.of_nat (length xs))
haftmann@31205:     o\<rightarrow> (\<lambda>k. Pair (nth xs (Code_Numeral.nat_of k)))"
haftmann@29823:      
haftmann@26265: lemma select:
haftmann@26265:   assumes "xs \<noteq> []"
haftmann@26265:   shows "fst (select xs s) \<in> set xs"
haftmann@26265: proof -
haftmann@31205:   from assms have "Code_Numeral.of_nat (length xs) > 0" by simp
haftmann@26265:   with range have
haftmann@31205:     "fst (range (Code_Numeral.of_nat (length xs)) s) < Code_Numeral.of_nat (length xs)" by best
haftmann@26265:   then have
haftmann@31205:     "Code_Numeral.nat_of (fst (range (Code_Numeral.of_nat (length xs)) s)) < length xs" by simp
haftmann@26265:   then show ?thesis
haftmann@29823:     by (simp add: scomp_apply split_beta select_def)
haftmann@26265: qed
haftmann@22528: 
haftmann@31205: primrec pick :: "(code_numeral \<times> 'a) list \<Rightarrow> code_numeral \<Rightarrow> 'a" where
haftmann@31180:   "pick (x # xs) i = (if i < fst x then snd x else pick xs (i - fst x))"
haftmann@31180: 
haftmann@31180: lemma pick_member:
haftmann@31180:   "i < listsum (map fst xs) \<Longrightarrow> pick xs i \<in> set (map snd xs)"
haftmann@31180:   by (induct xs arbitrary: i) simp_all
haftmann@31180: 
haftmann@31180: lemma pick_drop_zero:
haftmann@31180:   "pick (filter (\<lambda>(k, _). k > 0) xs) = pick xs"
haftmann@31180:   by (induct xs) (auto simp add: expand_fun_eq)
haftmann@31180: 
haftmann@31203: lemma pick_same:
haftmann@31205:   "l < length xs \<Longrightarrow> Random.pick (map (Pair 1) xs) (Code_Numeral.of_nat l) = nth xs l"
haftmann@31203: proof (induct xs arbitrary: l)
haftmann@31203:   case Nil then show ?case by simp
haftmann@31203: next
haftmann@31203:   case (Cons x xs) then show ?case by (cases l) simp_all
haftmann@31203: qed
haftmann@31203: 
haftmann@31205: definition select_weight :: "(code_numeral \<times> 'a) list \<Rightarrow> seed \<Rightarrow> 'a \<times> seed" where
haftmann@31180:   "select_weight xs = range (listsum (map fst xs))
haftmann@31180:    o\<rightarrow> (\<lambda>k. Pair (pick xs k))"
haftmann@31180: 
haftmann@31180: lemma select_weight_member:
haftmann@31180:   assumes "0 < listsum (map fst xs)"
haftmann@31180:   shows "fst (select_weight xs s) \<in> set (map snd xs)"
haftmann@31180: proof -
haftmann@31180:   from range assms
haftmann@31180:     have "fst (range (listsum (map fst xs)) s) < listsum (map fst xs)" .
haftmann@31180:   with pick_member
haftmann@31180:     have "pick xs (fst (range (listsum (map fst xs)) s)) \<in> set (map snd xs)" .
haftmann@31180:   then show ?thesis by (simp add: select_weight_def scomp_def split_def) 
haftmann@31180: qed
haftmann@31180: 
haftmann@31268: lemma select_weight_cons_zero:
haftmann@31268:   "select_weight ((0, x) # xs) = select_weight xs"
haftmann@31268:   by (simp add: select_weight_def)
haftmann@31268: 
haftmann@31203: lemma select_weigth_drop_zero:
haftmann@31261:   "select_weight (filter (\<lambda>(k, _). k > 0) xs) = select_weight xs"
haftmann@31203: proof -
haftmann@31203:   have "listsum (map fst [(k, _)\<leftarrow>xs . 0 < k]) = listsum (map fst xs)"
haftmann@31203:     by (induct xs) auto
haftmann@31203:   then show ?thesis by (simp only: select_weight_def pick_drop_zero)
haftmann@31203: qed
haftmann@31203: 
haftmann@31203: lemma select_weigth_select:
haftmann@31203:   assumes "xs \<noteq> []"
haftmann@31261:   shows "select_weight (map (Pair 1) xs) = select xs"
haftmann@31203: proof -
haftmann@31261:   have less: "\<And>s. fst (range (Code_Numeral.of_nat (length xs)) s) < Code_Numeral.of_nat (length xs)"
haftmann@31203:     using assms by (intro range) simp
haftmann@31205:   moreover have "listsum (map fst (map (Pair 1) xs)) = Code_Numeral.of_nat (length xs)"
haftmann@31203:     by (induct xs) simp_all
haftmann@31203:   ultimately show ?thesis
haftmann@31203:     by (auto simp add: select_weight_def select_def scomp_def split_def
haftmann@31203:       expand_fun_eq pick_same [symmetric])
haftmann@31203: qed
haftmann@31203: 
haftmann@26265: 
haftmann@26265: subsection {* @{text ML} interface *}
haftmann@22528: 
haftmann@22528: ML {*
haftmann@26265: structure Random_Engine =
haftmann@22528: struct
haftmann@22528: 
haftmann@26038: type seed = int * int;
haftmann@22528: 
haftmann@22528: local
haftmann@26038: 
wenzelm@32740: val seed = Unsynchronized.ref 
haftmann@26265:   (let
haftmann@26265:     val now = Time.toMilliseconds (Time.now ());
haftmann@26038:     val (q, s1) = IntInf.divMod (now, 2147483562);
haftmann@26038:     val s2 = q mod 2147483398;
haftmann@26265:   in (s1 + 1, s2 + 1) end);
haftmann@26265: 
haftmann@22528: in
haftmann@26038: 
haftmann@26038: fun run f =
haftmann@26038:   let
haftmann@26265:     val (x, seed') = f (! seed);
haftmann@26038:     val _ = seed := seed'
haftmann@26038:   in x end;
haftmann@26038: 
haftmann@22528: end;
haftmann@22528: 
haftmann@22528: end;
haftmann@22528: *}
haftmann@22528: 
haftmann@31180: hide (open) type seed
haftmann@33236: hide (open) const inc_shift minus_shift log "next" split_seed
haftmann@31636:   iterate range select pick select_weight
haftmann@35266: hide (open) fact range_def
haftmann@31180: 
haftmann@29823: no_notation fcomp (infixl "o>" 60)
haftmann@29823: no_notation scomp (infixl "o\<rightarrow>" 60)
haftmann@29823: 
haftmann@26038: end
haftmann@28145: