wenzelm@404: (* Title: Pure/axclass.ML wenzelm@404: ID: $Id$ wenzelm@404: Author: Markus Wenzel, TU Muenchen wenzelm@404: wenzelm@6379: Axiomatic type class package. wenzelm@404: *) wenzelm@404: wenzelm@404: signature AX_CLASS = wenzelm@3938: sig wenzelm@5685: val quiet_mode: bool ref wenzelm@6379: val print_axclasses: theory -> unit paulson@1498: val add_classrel_thms: thm list -> theory -> theory paulson@1498: val add_arity_thms: thm list -> theory -> theory wenzelm@15703: val add_axclass: bclass * xclass list -> ((bstring * string) * Attrib.src list) list wenzelm@6379: -> theory -> theory * {intro: thm, axioms: thm list} wenzelm@6379: val add_axclass_i: bclass * class list -> ((bstring * term) * theory attribute list) list wenzelm@6379: -> theory -> theory * {intro: thm, axioms: thm list} wenzelm@11828: val add_inst_subclass_x: xclass * xclass -> string list -> thm list wenzelm@3788: -> tactic option -> theory -> theory wenzelm@11828: val add_inst_subclass: xclass * xclass -> tactic -> theory -> theory wenzelm@11828: val add_inst_subclass_i: class * class -> tactic -> theory -> theory wenzelm@11828: val add_inst_arity_x: xstring * string list * string -> string list wenzelm@3938: -> thm list -> tactic option -> theory -> theory wenzelm@11828: val add_inst_arity: xstring * string list * string -> tactic -> theory -> theory wenzelm@11828: val add_inst_arity_i: string * sort list * sort -> tactic -> theory -> theory wenzelm@14605: val default_intro_classes_tac: thm list -> tactic wenzelm@6379: val axclass_tac: thm list -> tactic wenzelm@12876: val instance_subclass_proof: xclass * xclass -> bool -> theory -> ProofHistory.T wenzelm@12876: val instance_subclass_proof_i: class * class -> bool -> theory -> ProofHistory.T wenzelm@14605: val instance_arity_proof: xstring * string list * string -> bool -> theory -> ProofHistory.T wenzelm@14605: val instance_arity_proof_i: string * sort list * sort -> bool -> theory -> ProofHistory.T wenzelm@3938: end; wenzelm@404: wenzelm@15801: structure AxClass: AX_CLASS = wenzelm@404: struct wenzelm@404: wenzelm@4015: wenzelm@404: (** utilities **) wenzelm@404: wenzelm@5685: (* messages *) wenzelm@5685: wenzelm@5685: val quiet_mode = ref false; wenzelm@5685: fun message s = if ! quiet_mode then () else writeln s; wenzelm@5685: wenzelm@5685: wenzelm@404: (* type vars *) wenzelm@404: wenzelm@404: fun map_typ_frees f (Type (t, tys)) = Type (t, map (map_typ_frees f) tys) wenzelm@404: | map_typ_frees f (TFree a) = f a wenzelm@404: | map_typ_frees _ a = a; wenzelm@404: wenzelm@404: val map_term_tfrees = map_term_types o map_typ_frees; wenzelm@404: wenzelm@404: fun aT S = TFree ("'a", S); wenzelm@404: wenzelm@3395: fun dest_varT (TFree (x, S)) = ((x, ~1), S) wenzelm@3395: | dest_varT (TVar xi_S) = xi_S wenzelm@3788: | dest_varT T = raise TYPE ("dest_varT", [T], []); wenzelm@3395: wenzelm@404: wenzelm@886: (* get axioms and theorems *) wenzelm@404: paulson@1498: val is_def = Logic.is_equals o #prop o rep_thm; wenzelm@886: wenzelm@4934: fun witnesses thy names thms = skalberg@15570: PureThy.get_thmss thy (map (rpair NONE) names) @ thms @ List.filter is_def (map snd (axioms_of thy)); wenzelm@886: wenzelm@404: wenzelm@404: wenzelm@560: (** abstract syntax operations **) wenzelm@423: wenzelm@6379: (* names *) wenzelm@6379: wenzelm@6379: fun intro_name c = c ^ "I"; wenzelm@6379: val introN = "intro"; wenzelm@6379: val axiomsN = "axioms"; wenzelm@6379: wenzelm@6379: wenzelm@423: (* subclass relations as terms *) wenzelm@423: paulson@1498: fun mk_classrel (c1, c2) = Logic.mk_inclass (aT [c1], c2); wenzelm@423: wenzelm@423: fun dest_classrel tm = wenzelm@423: let wenzelm@3788: fun err () = raise TERM ("dest_classrel", [tm]); wenzelm@423: wenzelm@3395: val (ty, c2) = Logic.dest_inclass tm handle TERM _ => err (); wenzelm@3395: val c1 = (case dest_varT ty of (_, [c]) => c | _ => err ()) wenzelm@3395: handle TYPE _ => err (); wenzelm@6379: in (c1, c2) end; wenzelm@423: wenzelm@423: wenzelm@423: (* arities as terms *) wenzelm@423: wenzelm@14605: fun mk_arity (t, Ss, c) = wenzelm@423: let wenzelm@14695: val tfrees = ListPair.map TFree (Term.invent_names [] "'a" (length Ss), Ss); wenzelm@6379: in Logic.mk_inclass (Type (t, tfrees), c) end; wenzelm@423: wenzelm@14605: fun mk_arities (t, Ss, S) = map (fn c => mk_arity (t, Ss, c)) S; wenzelm@14605: wenzelm@423: fun dest_arity tm = wenzelm@423: let wenzelm@3788: fun err () = raise TERM ("dest_arity", [tm]); wenzelm@423: wenzelm@3395: val (ty, c) = Logic.dest_inclass tm handle TERM _ => err (); wenzelm@3395: val (t, tvars) = wenzelm@423: (case ty of wenzelm@3395: Type (t, tys) => (t, map dest_varT tys handle TYPE _ => err ()) wenzelm@423: | _ => err ()); wenzelm@423: val ss = wenzelm@3395: if null (gen_duplicates eq_fst tvars) wenzelm@3395: then map snd tvars else err (); wenzelm@6379: in (t, ss, c) end; wenzelm@423: wenzelm@423: wenzelm@423: wenzelm@560: (** add theorems as axioms **) wenzelm@423: wenzelm@423: fun prep_thm_axm thy thm = wenzelm@423: let wenzelm@423: fun err msg = raise THM ("prep_thm_axm: " ^ msg, 0, [thm]); wenzelm@423: wenzelm@1237: val {sign, hyps, prop, ...} = rep_thm thm; wenzelm@423: in wenzelm@6390: if not (Sign.subsig (sign, Theory.sign_of thy)) then wenzelm@423: err "theorem not of same theory" wenzelm@1237: else if not (null (extra_shyps thm)) orelse not (null hyps) then wenzelm@423: err "theorem may not contain hypotheses" wenzelm@423: else prop wenzelm@423: end; wenzelm@423: wenzelm@423: (*theorems expressing class relations*) wenzelm@423: fun add_classrel_thms thms thy = wenzelm@423: let wenzelm@423: fun prep_thm thm = wenzelm@423: let wenzelm@423: val prop = prep_thm_axm thy thm; wenzelm@423: val (c1, c2) = dest_classrel prop handle TERM _ => wenzelm@423: raise THM ("add_classrel_thms: theorem is not a class relation", 0, [thm]); wenzelm@423: in (c1, c2) end; wenzelm@8897: in Theory.add_classrel_i (map prep_thm thms) thy end; wenzelm@423: wenzelm@423: (*theorems expressing arities*) wenzelm@423: fun add_arity_thms thms thy = wenzelm@423: let wenzelm@423: fun prep_thm thm = wenzelm@423: let wenzelm@423: val prop = prep_thm_axm thy thm; wenzelm@423: val (t, ss, c) = dest_arity prop handle TERM _ => wenzelm@423: raise THM ("add_arity_thms: theorem is not an arity", 0, [thm]); wenzelm@423: in (t, ss, [c]) end; wenzelm@8897: in Theory.add_arities_i (map prep_thm thms) thy end; wenzelm@6379: wenzelm@6379: wenzelm@6379: wenzelm@6379: (** axclass info **) wenzelm@6379: wenzelm@6379: (* data kind 'Pure/axclasses' *) wenzelm@6379: wenzelm@6379: type axclass_info = wenzelm@6379: {super_classes: class list, wenzelm@6379: intro: thm, wenzelm@6379: axioms: thm list}; wenzelm@6379: wenzelm@6379: structure AxclassesArgs = wenzelm@6379: struct wenzelm@6379: val name = "Pure/axclasses"; wenzelm@6379: type T = axclass_info Symtab.table; wenzelm@6379: wenzelm@6379: val empty = Symtab.empty; wenzelm@6546: val copy = I; wenzelm@6379: val prep_ext = I; wenzelm@6379: fun merge (tab1, tab2) = Symtab.merge (K true) (tab1, tab2); wenzelm@6379: wenzelm@6379: fun print sg tab = wenzelm@6379: let wenzelm@6379: val ext_class = Sign.cond_extern sg Sign.classK; wenzelm@6379: val ext_thm = PureThy.cond_extern_thm_sg sg; wenzelm@6379: wenzelm@6379: fun pretty_class c cs = Pretty.block wenzelm@6379: (Pretty.str (ext_class c) :: Pretty.str " <" :: Pretty.brk 1 :: wenzelm@6379: Pretty.breaks (map (Pretty.str o ext_class) cs)); wenzelm@6379: wenzelm@10008: fun pretty_thms name thms = Pretty.big_list (name ^ ":") wenzelm@10008: (map (Display.pretty_thm_sg sg) thms); wenzelm@6379: wenzelm@6379: fun pretty_axclass (name, {super_classes, intro, axioms}) = Pretty.block (Pretty.fbreaks wenzelm@6379: [pretty_class name super_classes, pretty_thms introN [intro], pretty_thms axiomsN axioms]); wenzelm@8720: in Pretty.writeln (Pretty.chunks (map pretty_axclass (Symtab.dest tab))) end; wenzelm@6379: end; wenzelm@6379: wenzelm@6379: structure AxclassesData = TheoryDataFun(AxclassesArgs); wenzelm@15801: val _ = Context.add_setup [AxclassesData.init]; wenzelm@6379: val print_axclasses = AxclassesData.print; wenzelm@6379: wenzelm@6379: wenzelm@6379: (* get and put data *) wenzelm@6379: wenzelm@6379: fun lookup_axclass_info_sg sg c = Symtab.lookup (AxclassesData.get_sg sg, c); wenzelm@6379: wenzelm@6379: fun get_axclass_info thy c = wenzelm@6379: (case lookup_axclass_info_sg (Theory.sign_of thy) c of skalberg@15531: NONE => error ("Unknown axclass " ^ quote c) skalberg@15531: | SOME info => info); wenzelm@6379: wenzelm@6379: fun put_axclass_info c info thy = wenzelm@6379: thy |> AxclassesData.put (Symtab.update ((c, info), AxclassesData.get thy)); wenzelm@423: wenzelm@423: wenzelm@423: wenzelm@423: (** add axiomatic type classes **) wenzelm@404: wenzelm@404: (* errors *) wenzelm@404: wenzelm@404: fun err_bad_axsort ax c = wenzelm@404: error ("Sort constraint in axiom " ^ quote ax ^ " not supersort of " ^ quote c); wenzelm@404: wenzelm@404: fun err_bad_tfrees ax = wenzelm@404: error ("More than one type variable in axiom " ^ quote ax); wenzelm@404: wenzelm@404: wenzelm@404: (* ext_axclass *) wenzelm@404: wenzelm@6379: fun ext_axclass prep_class prep_axm prep_att (bclass, raw_super_classes) raw_axioms_atts thy = wenzelm@404: let wenzelm@6379: val sign = Theory.sign_of thy; wenzelm@3938: wenzelm@6379: val class = Sign.full_name sign bclass; wenzelm@6379: val super_classes = map (prep_class sign) raw_super_classes; wenzelm@6379: val axms = map (prep_axm sign o fst) raw_axioms_atts; wenzelm@6379: val atts = map (map (prep_att thy) o snd) raw_axioms_atts; wenzelm@404: wenzelm@6379: (*declare class*) wenzelm@6379: val class_thy = wenzelm@6379: thy |> Theory.add_classes_i [(bclass, super_classes)]; wenzelm@6379: val class_sign = Theory.sign_of class_thy; wenzelm@404: wenzelm@6379: (*prepare abstract axioms*) wenzelm@404: fun abs_axm ax = wenzelm@404: if null (term_tfrees ax) then wenzelm@14854: Logic.mk_implies (Logic.mk_inclass (aT [], class), ax) wenzelm@3788: else map_term_tfrees (K (aT [class])) ax; wenzelm@6379: val abs_axms = map (abs_axm o #2) axms; wenzelm@404: wenzelm@404: fun axm_sort (name, ax) = wenzelm@404: (case term_tfrees ax of wenzelm@404: [] => [] wenzelm@6379: | [(_, S)] => if Sign.subsort class_sign ([class], S) then S else err_bad_axsort name class wenzelm@404: | _ => err_bad_tfrees name); skalberg@15570: val axS = Sign.certify_sort class_sign (List.concat (map axm_sort axms)); wenzelm@404: paulson@1498: val int_axm = Logic.close_form o map_term_tfrees (K (aT axS)); paulson@1498: fun inclass c = Logic.mk_inclass (aT axS, c); wenzelm@404: paulson@1498: val intro_axm = Logic.list_implies wenzelm@6379: (map inclass super_classes @ map (int_axm o #2) axms, inclass class); wenzelm@6379: wenzelm@6379: (*declare axioms and rule*) wenzelm@8420: val (axms_thy, ([intro], [axioms])) = wenzelm@6379: class_thy wenzelm@6379: |> Theory.add_path bclass wenzelm@6379: |> PureThy.add_axioms_i [Thm.no_attributes (introN, intro_axm)] wenzelm@8420: |>>> PureThy.add_axiomss_i [Thm.no_attributes (axiomsN, abs_axms)]; wenzelm@6379: val info = {super_classes = super_classes, intro = intro, axioms = axioms}; wenzelm@6379: wenzelm@6379: (*store info*) wenzelm@6379: val final_thy = wenzelm@6379: axms_thy wenzelm@8420: |> (#1 o PureThy.add_thms ((map #1 axms ~~ axioms) ~~ atts)) wenzelm@6379: |> Theory.parent_path wenzelm@8420: |> (#1 o PureThy.add_thms [Thm.no_attributes (intro_name bclass, intro)]) wenzelm@6379: |> put_axclass_info class info; wenzelm@6379: in (final_thy, {intro = intro, axioms = axioms}) end; wenzelm@404: wenzelm@404: wenzelm@404: (* external interfaces *) wenzelm@404: wenzelm@6390: val add_axclass = ext_axclass Sign.intern_class Theory.read_axm Attrib.global_attribute; wenzelm@6390: val add_axclass_i = ext_axclass (K I) Theory.cert_axm (K I); wenzelm@404: wenzelm@404: wenzelm@404: wenzelm@423: (** prove class relations and type arities **) wenzelm@423: wenzelm@423: (* class_axms *) wenzelm@404: wenzelm@6379: fun class_axms sign = wenzelm@6379: let val classes = Sign.classes sign in wenzelm@6379: map (Thm.class_triv sign) classes @ skalberg@15570: List.mapPartial (Option.map #intro o lookup_axclass_info_sg sign) classes wenzelm@404: end; wenzelm@404: wenzelm@423: wenzelm@15801: (* proof methods *) wenzelm@6379: wenzelm@14605: fun intro_classes_tac facts st = wenzelm@14605: (ALLGOALS (Method.insert_tac facts THEN' wenzelm@14605: REPEAT_ALL_NEW (resolve_tac (class_axms (Thm.sign_of_thm st)))) wenzelm@14605: THEN Tactic.distinct_subgoals_tac) st; wenzelm@6379: wenzelm@14605: fun default_intro_classes_tac [] = intro_classes_tac [] wenzelm@14605: | default_intro_classes_tac _ = Tactical.no_tac; (*no error message!*) wenzelm@10309: wenzelm@10309: fun default_tac rules ctxt facts = wenzelm@14605: HEADGOAL (Method.some_rule_tac rules ctxt facts) ORELSE wenzelm@14605: default_intro_classes_tac facts; wenzelm@10309: wenzelm@15801: val _ = Context.add_setup [Method.add_methods wenzelm@15801: [("intro_classes", Method.no_args (Method.METHOD intro_classes_tac), wenzelm@15801: "back-chain introduction rules of axiomatic type classes"), wenzelm@15801: ("default", Method.thms_ctxt_args (Method.METHOD oo default_tac), "apply some intro/elim rule")]]; wenzelm@10309: wenzelm@10309: wenzelm@14605: (* old-style axclass_tac *) wenzelm@423: wenzelm@487: (*(1) repeatedly resolve goals of form "OFCLASS(ty, c_class)", wenzelm@1217: try class_trivs first, then "cI" axioms wenzelm@423: (2) rewrite goals using user supplied definitions wenzelm@423: (3) repeatedly resolve goals with user supplied non-definitions*) wenzelm@423: wenzelm@6379: fun axclass_tac thms = wenzelm@1217: let skalberg@15570: val defs = List.filter is_def thms; wenzelm@1217: val non_defs = filter_out is_def thms; wenzelm@1217: in wenzelm@14605: intro_classes_tac [] THEN wenzelm@1217: TRY (rewrite_goals_tac defs) THEN wenzelm@1217: TRY (REPEAT_FIRST (fn i => assume_tac i ORELSE resolve_tac non_defs i)) wenzelm@1217: end; wenzelm@404: wenzelm@404: wenzelm@14605: (* old-style provers *) wenzelm@404: wenzelm@11969: fun prove mk_prop str_of sign prop thms usr_tac = skalberg@15570: (Tactic.prove sign [] [] (mk_prop prop) (K (axclass_tac thms THEN (getOpt (usr_tac,all_tac)))) wenzelm@11969: handle ERROR => error ("The error(s) above occurred while trying to prove " ^ wenzelm@11969: quote (str_of sign prop))) |> Drule.standard; wenzelm@404: wenzelm@14824: val prove_subclass = prove mk_classrel (fn sg => fn (c1, c2) => wenzelm@14824: Pretty.string_of_classrel (Sign.pp sg) [c1, c2]); wenzelm@404: wenzelm@14824: val prove_arity = prove mk_arity (fn sg => fn (t, Ss, c) => wenzelm@14824: Pretty.string_of_arity (Sign.pp sg) (t, Ss, [c])); wenzelm@404: wenzelm@404: wenzelm@423: wenzelm@449: (** add proved subclass relations and arities **) wenzelm@404: wenzelm@8897: (* prepare classes and arities *) wenzelm@8897: wenzelm@8897: fun read_class sg c = Sign.certify_class sg (Sign.intern_class sg c); wenzelm@8897: wenzelm@14824: fun test_classrel sg cc = (Type.add_classrel (Sign.pp sg) [cc] (Sign.tsig_of sg); cc); wenzelm@14785: fun cert_classrel sg = test_classrel sg o Library.pairself (Sign.certify_class sg); wenzelm@14785: fun read_classrel sg = test_classrel sg o Library.pairself (read_class sg); wenzelm@3949: wenzelm@14824: fun test_arity sg ar = (Type.add_arities (Sign.pp sg) [ar] (Sign.tsig_of sg); ar); wenzelm@6379: wenzelm@8897: fun prep_arity prep_tycon prep_sort prep_x sg (t, Ss, x) = wenzelm@14824: test_arity sg (prep_tycon sg t, map (prep_sort sg) Ss, prep_x sg x); wenzelm@8897: wenzelm@8897: val read_arity = prep_arity Sign.intern_tycon Sign.read_sort Sign.read_sort; wenzelm@8897: val cert_arity = prep_arity (K I) Sign.certify_sort Sign.certify_sort; wenzelm@8897: wenzelm@8897: wenzelm@8897: (* old-style instance declarations *) wenzelm@6379: wenzelm@6379: fun ext_inst_subclass prep_classrel raw_c1_c2 names thms usr_tac thy = wenzelm@11969: let wenzelm@11969: val sign = Theory.sign_of thy; wenzelm@14824: val (c1, c2) = prep_classrel sign raw_c1_c2; wenzelm@11969: in wenzelm@14824: message ("Proving class inclusion " ^ quote (Sign.string_of_classrel sign [c1, c2]) ^ " ..."); wenzelm@14824: thy |> add_classrel_thms [prove_subclass sign (c1, c2) (witnesses thy names thms) usr_tac] wenzelm@3788: end; wenzelm@423: wenzelm@6379: fun ext_inst_arity prep_arity (raw_t, raw_Ss, raw_cs) names thms usr_tac thy = wenzelm@423: let wenzelm@6379: val sign = Theory.sign_of thy; wenzelm@6379: val (t, Ss, cs) = prep_arity sign (raw_t, raw_Ss, raw_cs); wenzelm@4934: val wthms = witnesses thy names thms; wenzelm@423: fun prove c = wenzelm@5685: (message ("Proving type arity " ^ wenzelm@14824: quote (Sign.string_of_arity sign (t, Ss, [c])) ^ " ..."); wenzelm@11969: prove_arity sign (t, Ss, c) wthms usr_tac); wenzelm@6379: in add_arity_thms (map prove cs) thy end; wenzelm@6379: skalberg@15531: fun sane_inst_subclass prep sub tac = ext_inst_subclass prep sub [] [] (SOME tac); skalberg@15531: fun sane_inst_arity prep arity tac = ext_inst_arity prep arity [] [] (SOME tac); wenzelm@6379: wenzelm@11828: val add_inst_subclass_x = ext_inst_subclass read_classrel; wenzelm@11828: val add_inst_subclass = sane_inst_subclass read_classrel; wenzelm@11828: val add_inst_subclass_i = sane_inst_subclass cert_classrel; wenzelm@11828: val add_inst_arity_x = ext_inst_arity read_arity; wenzelm@11828: val add_inst_arity = sane_inst_arity read_arity; wenzelm@11828: val add_inst_arity_i = sane_inst_arity cert_arity; wenzelm@6379: wenzelm@404: wenzelm@404: wenzelm@6379: (** instance proof interfaces **) wenzelm@6379: wenzelm@14605: fun inst_proof mk_prop add_thms inst int theory = wenzelm@14605: theory ballarin@15696: |> IsarThy.multi_theorem_i Drule.internalK I ProofContext.export_standard wenzelm@14605: ("", [fn (thy, th) => (add_thms [th] thy, th)]) [] wenzelm@14605: (map (fn t => (("", []), [(t, ([], []))])) (mk_prop (Theory.sign_of theory) inst)) int; wenzelm@6379: wenzelm@14605: val instance_subclass_proof = wenzelm@14605: inst_proof (single oo (mk_classrel oo read_classrel)) add_classrel_thms; wenzelm@14605: val instance_subclass_proof_i = wenzelm@14605: inst_proof (single oo (mk_classrel oo cert_classrel)) add_classrel_thms; wenzelm@14605: val instance_arity_proof = inst_proof (mk_arities oo read_arity) add_arity_thms; wenzelm@14605: val instance_arity_proof_i = inst_proof (mk_arities oo cert_arity) add_arity_thms; wenzelm@6379: wenzelm@6379: wenzelm@6379: (* outer syntax *) wenzelm@6379: wenzelm@6719: local structure P = OuterParse and K = OuterSyntax.Keyword in wenzelm@3949: wenzelm@6379: val axclassP = wenzelm@6719: OuterSyntax.command "axclass" "define axiomatic type class" K.thy_decl wenzelm@12876: ((P.name -- Scan.optional ((P.$$$ "\\" || P.$$$ "<") |-- wenzelm@12876: P.!!! (P.list1 P.xname)) []) -- Scan.repeat P.spec_name wenzelm@6379: >> (fn (cls, axs) => Toplevel.theory (#1 o add_axclass cls axs))); wenzelm@6379: wenzelm@6379: val instanceP = wenzelm@6719: OuterSyntax.command "instance" "prove type arity or subclass relation" K.thy_goal wenzelm@12876: ((P.xname -- ((P.$$$ "\\" || P.$$$ "<") |-- P.xname) >> instance_subclass_proof || wenzelm@14605: (P.xname -- (P.$$$ "::" |-- P.arity) >> P.triple2) >> instance_arity_proof) wenzelm@6379: >> (Toplevel.print oo Toplevel.theory_to_proof)); wenzelm@6379: wenzelm@6379: val _ = OuterSyntax.add_parsers [axclassP, instanceP]; wenzelm@6379: wenzelm@6379: end; wenzelm@3949: wenzelm@404: end;