diff -r 6ceb8d38bc9e -r 35fcab3da1b7 src/HOL/Lambda/Standardization.thy --- a/src/HOL/Lambda/Standardization.thy Tue Sep 07 11:51:53 2010 +0200 +++ /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000 @@ -1,360 +0,0 @@ -(* Title: HOL/Lambda/Standardization.thy - Author: Stefan Berghofer - Copyright 2005 TU Muenchen -*) - -header {* Standardization *} - -theory Standardization -imports NormalForm -begin - -text {* -Based on lecture notes by Ralph Matthes \cite{Matthes-ESSLLI2000}, -original proof idea due to Ralph Loader \cite{Loader1998}. -*} - - -subsection {* Standard reduction relation *} - -declare listrel_mono [mono_set] - -inductive - sred :: "dB \ dB \ bool" (infixl "\\<^sub>s" 50) - and sredlist :: "dB list \ dB list \ bool" (infixl "[\\<^sub>s]" 50) -where - "s [\\<^sub>s] t \ listrelp op \\<^sub>s s t" -| Var: "rs [\\<^sub>s] rs' \ Var x \\ rs \\<^sub>s Var x \\ rs'" -| Abs: "r \\<^sub>s r' \ ss [\\<^sub>s] ss' \ Abs r \\ ss \\<^sub>s Abs r' \\ ss'" -| Beta: "r[s/0] \\ ss \\<^sub>s t \ Abs r \ s \\ ss \\<^sub>s t" - -lemma refl_listrelp: "\x\set xs. R x x \ listrelp R xs xs" - by (induct xs) (auto intro: listrelp.intros) - -lemma refl_sred: "t \\<^sub>s t" - by (induct t rule: Apps_dB_induct) (auto intro: refl_listrelp sred.intros) - -lemma refl_sreds: "ts [\\<^sub>s] ts" - by (simp add: refl_sred refl_listrelp) - -lemma listrelp_conj1: "listrelp (\x y. R x y \ S x y) x y \ listrelp R x y" - by (erule listrelp.induct) (auto intro: listrelp.intros) - -lemma listrelp_conj2: "listrelp (\x y. R x y \ S x y) x y \ listrelp S x y" - by (erule listrelp.induct) (auto intro: listrelp.intros) - -lemma listrelp_app: - assumes xsys: "listrelp R xs ys" - shows "listrelp R xs' ys' \ listrelp R (xs @ xs') (ys @ ys')" using xsys - by (induct arbitrary: xs' ys') (auto intro: listrelp.intros) - -lemma lemma1: - assumes r: "r \\<^sub>s r'" and s: "s \\<^sub>s s'" - shows "r \ s \\<^sub>s r' \ s'" using r -proof induct - case (Var rs rs' x) - then have "rs [\\<^sub>s] rs'" by (rule listrelp_conj1) - moreover have "[s] [\\<^sub>s] [s']" by (iprover intro: s listrelp.intros) - ultimately have "rs @ [s] [\\<^sub>s] rs' @ [s']" by (rule listrelp_app) - hence "Var x \\ (rs @ [s]) \\<^sub>s Var x \\ (rs' @ [s'])" by (rule sred.Var) - thus ?case by (simp only: app_last) -next - case (Abs r r' ss ss') - from Abs(3) have "ss [\\<^sub>s] ss'" by (rule listrelp_conj1) - moreover have "[s] [\\<^sub>s] [s']" by (iprover intro: s listrelp.intros) - ultimately have "ss @ [s] [\\<^sub>s] ss' @ [s']" by (rule listrelp_app) - with `r \\<^sub>s r'` have "Abs r \\ (ss @ [s]) \\<^sub>s Abs r' \\ (ss' @ [s'])" - by (rule sred.Abs) - thus ?case by (simp only: app_last) -next - case (Beta r u ss t) - hence "r[u/0] \\ (ss @ [s]) \\<^sub>s t \ s'" by (simp only: app_last) - hence "Abs r \ u \\ (ss @ [s]) \\<^sub>s t \ s'" by (rule sred.Beta) - thus ?case by (simp only: app_last) -qed - -lemma lemma1': - assumes ts: "ts [\\<^sub>s] ts'" - shows "r \\<^sub>s r' \ r \\ ts \\<^sub>s r' \\ ts'" using ts - by (induct arbitrary: r r') (auto intro: lemma1) - -lemma lemma2_1: - assumes beta: "t \\<^sub>\ u" - shows "t \\<^sub>s u" using beta -proof induct - case (beta s t) - have "Abs s \ t \\ [] \\<^sub>s s[t/0] \\ []" by (iprover intro: sred.Beta refl_sred) - thus ?case by simp -next - case (appL s t u) - thus ?case by (iprover intro: lemma1 refl_sred) -next - case (appR s t u) - thus ?case by (iprover intro: lemma1 refl_sred) -next - case (abs s t) - hence "Abs s \\ [] \\<^sub>s Abs t \\ []" by (iprover intro: sred.Abs listrelp.Nil) - thus ?case by simp -qed - -lemma listrelp_betas: - assumes ts: "listrelp op \\<^sub>\\<^sup>* ts ts'" - shows "\t t'. t \\<^sub>\\<^sup>* t' \ t \\ ts \\<^sub>\\<^sup>* t' \\ ts'" using ts - by induct auto - -lemma lemma2_2: - assumes t: "t \\<^sub>s u" - shows "t \\<^sub>\\<^sup>* u" using t - by induct (auto dest: listrelp_conj2 - intro: listrelp_betas apps_preserves_beta converse_rtranclp_into_rtranclp) - -lemma sred_lift: - assumes s: "s \\<^sub>s t" - shows "lift s i \\<^sub>s lift t i" using s -proof (induct arbitrary: i) - case (Var rs rs' x) - hence "map (\t. lift t i) rs [\\<^sub>s] map (\t. lift t i) rs'" - by induct (auto intro: listrelp.intros) - thus ?case by (cases "x < i") (auto intro: sred.Var) -next - case (Abs r r' ss ss') - from Abs(3) have "map (\t. lift t i) ss [\\<^sub>s] map (\t. lift t i) ss'" - by induct (auto intro: listrelp.intros) - thus ?case by (auto intro: sred.Abs Abs) -next - case (Beta r s ss t) - thus ?case by (auto intro: sred.Beta) -qed - -lemma lemma3: - assumes r: "r \\<^sub>s r'" - shows "s \\<^sub>s s' \ r[s/x] \\<^sub>s r'[s'/x]" using r -proof (induct arbitrary: s s' x) - case (Var rs rs' y) - hence "map (\t. t[s/x]) rs [\\<^sub>s] map (\t. t[s'/x]) rs'" - by induct (auto intro: listrelp.intros Var) - moreover have "Var y[s/x] \\<^sub>s Var y[s'/x]" - proof (cases "y < x") - case True thus ?thesis by simp (rule refl_sred) - next - case False - thus ?thesis - by (cases "y = x") (auto simp add: Var intro: refl_sred) - qed - ultimately show ?case by simp (rule lemma1') -next - case (Abs r r' ss ss') - from Abs(4) have "lift s 0 \\<^sub>s lift s' 0" by (rule sred_lift) - hence "r[lift s 0/Suc x] \\<^sub>s r'[lift s' 0/Suc x]" by (fast intro: Abs.hyps) - moreover from Abs(3) have "map (\t. t[s/x]) ss [\\<^sub>s] map (\t. t[s'/x]) ss'" - by induct (auto intro: listrelp.intros Abs) - ultimately show ?case by simp (rule sred.Abs) -next - case (Beta r u ss t) - thus ?case by (auto simp add: subst_subst intro: sred.Beta) -qed - -lemma lemma4_aux: - assumes rs: "listrelp (\t u. t \\<^sub>s u \ (\r. u \\<^sub>\ r \ t \\<^sub>s r)) rs rs'" - shows "rs' => ss \ rs [\\<^sub>s] ss" using rs -proof (induct arbitrary: ss) - case Nil - thus ?case by cases (auto intro: listrelp.Nil) -next - case (Cons x y xs ys) - note Cons' = Cons - show ?case - proof (cases ss) - case Nil with Cons show ?thesis by simp - next - case (Cons y' ys') - hence ss: "ss = y' # ys'" by simp - from Cons Cons' have "y \\<^sub>\ y' \ ys' = ys \ y' = y \ ys => ys'" by simp - hence "x # xs [\\<^sub>s] y' # ys'" - proof - assume H: "y \\<^sub>\ y' \ ys' = ys" - with Cons' have "x \\<^sub>s y'" by blast - moreover from Cons' have "xs [\\<^sub>s] ys" by (iprover dest: listrelp_conj1) - ultimately have "x # xs [\\<^sub>s] y' # ys" by (rule listrelp.Cons) - with H show ?thesis by simp - next - assume H: "y' = y \ ys => ys'" - with Cons' have "x \\<^sub>s y'" by blast - moreover from H have "xs [\\<^sub>s] ys'" by (blast intro: Cons') - ultimately show ?thesis by (rule listrelp.Cons) - qed - with ss show ?thesis by simp - qed -qed - -lemma lemma4: - assumes r: "r \\<^sub>s r'" - shows "r' \\<^sub>\ r'' \ r \\<^sub>s r''" using r -proof (induct arbitrary: r'') - case (Var rs rs' x) - then obtain ss where rs: "rs' => ss" and r'': "r'' = Var x \\ ss" - by (blast dest: head_Var_reduction) - from Var(1) rs have "rs [\\<^sub>s] ss" by (rule lemma4_aux) - hence "Var x \\ rs \\<^sub>s Var x \\ ss" by (rule sred.Var) - with r'' show ?case by simp -next - case (Abs r r' ss ss') - from `Abs r' \\ ss' \\<^sub>\ r''` show ?case - proof - fix s - assume r'': "r'' = s \\ ss'" - assume "Abs r' \\<^sub>\ s" - then obtain r''' where s: "s = Abs r'''" and r''': "r' \\<^sub>\ r'''" by cases auto - from r''' have "r \\<^sub>s r'''" by (blast intro: Abs) - moreover from Abs have "ss [\\<^sub>s] ss'" by (iprover dest: listrelp_conj1) - ultimately have "Abs r \\ ss \\<^sub>s Abs r''' \\ ss'" by (rule sred.Abs) - with r'' s show "Abs r \\ ss \\<^sub>s r''" by simp - next - fix rs' - assume "ss' => rs'" - with Abs(3) have "ss [\\<^sub>s] rs'" by (rule lemma4_aux) - with `r \\<^sub>s r'` have "Abs r \\ ss \\<^sub>s Abs r' \\ rs'" by (rule sred.Abs) - moreover assume "r'' = Abs r' \\ rs'" - ultimately show "Abs r \\ ss \\<^sub>s r''" by simp - next - fix t u' us' - assume "ss' = u' # us'" - with Abs(3) obtain u us where - ss: "ss = u # us" and u: "u \\<^sub>s u'" and us: "us [\\<^sub>s] us'" - by cases (auto dest!: listrelp_conj1) - have "r[u/0] \\<^sub>s r'[u'/0]" using Abs(1) and u by (rule lemma3) - with us have "r[u/0] \\ us \\<^sub>s r'[u'/0] \\ us'" by (rule lemma1') - hence "Abs r \ u \\ us \\<^sub>s r'[u'/0] \\ us'" by (rule sred.Beta) - moreover assume "Abs r' = Abs t" and "r'' = t[u'/0] \\ us'" - ultimately show "Abs r \\ ss \\<^sub>s r''" using ss by simp - qed -next - case (Beta r s ss t) - show ?case - by (rule sred.Beta) (rule Beta)+ -qed - -lemma rtrancl_beta_sred: - assumes r: "r \\<^sub>\\<^sup>* r'" - shows "r \\<^sub>s r'" using r - by induct (iprover intro: refl_sred lemma4)+ - - -subsection {* Leftmost reduction and weakly normalizing terms *} - -inductive - lred :: "dB \ dB \ bool" (infixl "\\<^sub>l" 50) - and lredlist :: "dB list \ dB list \ bool" (infixl "[\\<^sub>l]" 50) -where - "s [\\<^sub>l] t \ listrelp op \\<^sub>l s t" -| Var: "rs [\\<^sub>l] rs' \ Var x \\ rs \\<^sub>l Var x \\ rs'" -| Abs: "r \\<^sub>l r' \ Abs r \\<^sub>l Abs r'" -| Beta: "r[s/0] \\ ss \\<^sub>l t \ Abs r \ s \\ ss \\<^sub>l t" - -lemma lred_imp_sred: - assumes lred: "s \\<^sub>l t" - shows "s \\<^sub>s t" using lred -proof induct - case (Var rs rs' x) - then have "rs [\\<^sub>s] rs'" - by induct (iprover intro: listrelp.intros)+ - then show ?case by (rule sred.Var) -next - case (Abs r r') - from `r \\<^sub>s r'` - have "Abs r \\ [] \\<^sub>s Abs r' \\ []" using listrelp.Nil - by (rule sred.Abs) - then show ?case by simp -next - case (Beta r s ss t) - from `r[s/0] \\ ss \\<^sub>s t` - show ?case by (rule sred.Beta) -qed - -inductive WN :: "dB => bool" - where - Var: "listsp WN rs \ WN (Var n \\ rs)" - | Lambda: "WN r \ WN (Abs r)" - | Beta: "WN ((r[s/0]) \\ ss) \ WN ((Abs r \ s) \\ ss)" - -lemma listrelp_imp_listsp1: - assumes H: "listrelp (\x y. P x) xs ys" - shows "listsp P xs" using H - by induct auto - -lemma listrelp_imp_listsp2: - assumes H: "listrelp (\x y. P y) xs ys" - shows "listsp P ys" using H - by induct auto - -lemma lemma5: - assumes lred: "r \\<^sub>l r'" - shows "WN r" and "NF r'" using lred - by induct - (iprover dest: listrelp_conj1 listrelp_conj2 - listrelp_imp_listsp1 listrelp_imp_listsp2 intro: WN.intros - NF.intros [simplified listall_listsp_eq])+ - -lemma lemma6: - assumes wn: "WN r" - shows "\r'. r \\<^sub>l r'" using wn -proof induct - case (Var rs n) - then have "\rs'. rs [\\<^sub>l] rs'" - by induct (iprover intro: listrelp.intros)+ - then show ?case by (iprover intro: lred.Var) -qed (iprover intro: lred.intros)+ - -lemma lemma7: - assumes r: "r \\<^sub>s r'" - shows "NF r' \ r \\<^sub>l r'" using r -proof induct - case (Var rs rs' x) - from `NF (Var x \\ rs')` have "listall NF rs'" - by cases simp_all - with Var(1) have "rs [\\<^sub>l] rs'" - proof induct - case Nil - show ?case by (rule listrelp.Nil) - next - case (Cons x y xs ys) - hence "x \\<^sub>l y" and "xs [\\<^sub>l] ys" by simp_all - thus ?case by (rule listrelp.Cons) - qed - thus ?case by (rule lred.Var) -next - case (Abs r r' ss ss') - from `NF (Abs r' \\ ss')` - have ss': "ss' = []" by (rule Abs_NF) - from Abs(3) have ss: "ss = []" using ss' - by cases simp_all - from ss' Abs have "NF (Abs r')" by simp - hence "NF r'" by cases simp_all - with Abs have "r \\<^sub>l r'" by simp - hence "Abs r \\<^sub>l Abs r'" by (rule lred.Abs) - with ss ss' show ?case by simp -next - case (Beta r s ss t) - hence "r[s/0] \\ ss \\<^sub>l t" by simp - thus ?case by (rule lred.Beta) -qed - -lemma WN_eq: "WN t = (\t'. t \\<^sub>\\<^sup>* t' \ NF t')" -proof - assume "WN t" - then have "\t'. t \\<^sub>l t'" by (rule lemma6) - then obtain t' where t': "t \\<^sub>l t'" .. - then have NF: "NF t'" by (rule lemma5) - from t' have "t \\<^sub>s t'" by (rule lred_imp_sred) - then have "t \\<^sub>\\<^sup>* t'" by (rule lemma2_2) - with NF show "\t'. t \\<^sub>\\<^sup>* t' \ NF t'" by iprover -next - assume "\t'. t \\<^sub>\\<^sup>* t' \ NF t'" - then obtain t' where t': "t \\<^sub>\\<^sup>* t'" and NF: "NF t'" - by iprover - from t' have "t \\<^sub>s t'" by (rule rtrancl_beta_sred) - then have "t \\<^sub>l t'" using NF by (rule lemma7) - then show "WN t" by (rule lemma5) -qed - -end