diff -r 014771692751 -r 66da34945f8b src/Provers/nat_transitive.ML --- a/src/Provers/nat_transitive.ML Wed Nov 26 16:42:37 1997 +0100 +++ /dev/null Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000 @@ -1,253 +0,0 @@ -(* Title: Provers/nat_transitive.ML - ID: $Id$ - Author: Tobias Nipkow - Copyright 1996 TU Munich -*) - -(*** -A very simple package for inequalities over nat. -It uses all premises of the form - -t = u, t < u, t <= u, ~(t < u), ~(t <= u) - -where t and u must be of type nat, to -1. either derive a contradiction, - in which case the conclusion can be any term, -2. or prove the conclusion, which must be of the same form as the premises. - -The package -- does not deal with the relation ~= -- treats `pred', +, *, ... as atomic terms. Hence it can prove - [| x < y+z; y+z < u |] ==> Suc x < u - but not - [| x < y+z; z < u |] ==> Suc x < y+u -- takes only (in)equalities which are atomic premises into account. It does - not deal with logical operators like -->, & etc. Hence it cannot prove - [| x < y+z & y+z < u |] ==> Suc x < u - -In order not to fall foul of the above limitations, the following hints are -useful: - -1. You may need to run `by(safe_tac HOL_cs)' in order to bring out the atomic - premises. - -2. To get rid of ~= in the premises, it is advisable to use a rule like - nat_neqE = "[| (m::nat) ~= n; m < n ==> P; n < m ==> P |] ==> P" : thm - (the name nat_eqE is chosen in HOL), for example as follows: - by(safe_tac (HOL_cs addSEs [nat_neqE]) - -3. To get rid of `pred', you may be able to do the following: - expand `pred(m)' into `case m of 0 => 0 | Suc n => n' and use split_tac - to turn the case-expressions into logical case distinctions. In HOL: - simp_tac (... addsimps [pred_def] setloop (split_tac [expand_nat_case])) - -The basic tactic is `trans_tac'. In order to use `trans_tac' as a solver in -the simplifier, `cut_trans_tac' is also provided, which cuts the given thms -in as facts. - -Notes: -- It should easily be possible to adapt this package to other numeric types - like int. -- There is ample scope for optimizations, which so far have not proved - necessary. -- The code can be simplified by adding the negated conclusion to the - premises to derive a contradiction. However, this would restrict the - package to classical logics. -***) - -(* The package works for arbitrary logics. - You just need to instantiate the following parameter structure. -*) -signature LESS_ARITH = -sig - val lessI: thm (* n < Suc n *) - val zero_less_Suc: thm (* 0 < Suc n *) - val less_reflE: thm (* n < n ==> P *) - val less_zeroE: thm (* n < 0 ==> P *) - val less_incr: thm (* m < n ==> Suc m < Suc n *) - val less_decr: thm (* Suc m < Suc n ==> m < n *) - val less_incr_rhs: thm (* m < n ==> m < Suc n *) - val less_decr_lhs: thm (* Suc m < n ==> m < n *) - val less_trans_Suc: thm (* [| i < j; j < k |] ==> Suc i < k *) - val leD: thm (* m <= n ==> m < Suc n *) - val not_lessD: thm (* ~(m < n) ==> n < Suc m *) - val not_leD: thm (* ~(m <= n) ==> n < m *) - val eqD1: thm (* m = n ==> m < Suc n *) - val eqD2: thm (* m = n ==> m < Suc n *) - val not_lessI: thm (* n < Suc m ==> ~(m < n) *) - val leI: thm (* m < Suc n ==> m <= n *) - val not_leI: thm (* n < m ==> ~(m <= n) *) - val eqI: thm (* [| m < Suc n; n < Suc m |] ==> n = m *) - val is_zero: term -> bool - val decomp: term -> (term * int * string * term * int)option -(* decomp(`Suc^i(x) Rel Suc^j(y)') should yield (x,i,Rel,y,j) - where Rel is one of "<", "~<", "<=", "~<=" and "=" *) -end; - - -signature TRANS_TAC = -sig - val trans_tac: int -> tactic - val cut_trans_tac: thm list -> int -> tactic -end; - -functor Trans_Tac_Fun(Less:LESS_ARITH):TRANS_TAC = -struct - -datatype proof = Asm of int - | Thm of proof list * thm - | Incr1 of proof * int (* Increment 1 side *) - | Incr2 of proof * int (* Increment 2 sides *); - - -(*** Turn proof objects into thms ***) - -fun incr2(th,i) = if i=0 then th else - if i>0 then incr2(th RS Less.less_incr,i-1) - else incr2(th RS Less.less_decr,i+1); - -fun incr1(th,i) = if i=0 then th else - if i>0 then incr1(th RS Less.less_incr_rhs,i-1) - else incr1(th RS Less.less_decr_lhs,i+1); - -fun prove asms = - let fun pr(Asm i) = nth_elem(i,asms) - | pr(Thm(prfs,thm)) = (map pr prfs) MRS thm - | pr(Incr1(p,i)) = incr1(pr p,i) - | pr(Incr2(p,i)) = incr2(pr p,i) - in pr end; - -(*** Internal representation of inequalities -(x,i,y,j) means x+i < y+j. -Leads to simpler case distinctions than the normalized x < y+k -***) -type less = term * int * term * int * proof; - -(*** raised when contradiction is found ***) -exception Contr of proof; - -(*** raised when goal can't be proved ***) -exception Cant; - -infix subsumes; - -fun (x,i,y,j:int,_) subsumes (x',i',y',j',_) = - x=x' andalso y=y' andalso j-i<=j'-i'; - -fun trivial(x,i:int,y,j,_) = (x=y orelse Less.is_zero(x)) andalso i=j - then raise Contr(Thm([Incr1(Incr2(p,~j),j-i)],Less.less_reflE)) else - if Less.is_zero(y) andalso i>=j - then raise Contr(Thm([Incr2(p,~j)],Less.less_zeroE)) - else less; - -fun mktrans((x,i,_,j,p):less,(_,k,z,l,q)) = - ctest(if j >= k - then (x,i+1,z,l+(j-k),Thm([p,Incr2(q,j-k)],Less.less_trans_Suc)) - else (x,i+(k-j)+1,z,l,Thm([Incr2(p,k-j),q],Less.less_trans_Suc))); - -fun trans (new as (x,i,y,j,p)) olds = - let fun tr(news, old as (x1,i1,y1,j1,p1):less) = - if y1=x then mktrans(old,new)::news else - if x1=y then mktrans(new,old)::news else news - in foldl tr ([],olds) end; - -fun close1(olds: less list)(new:less):less list = - if trivial new orelse exists (fn old => old subsumes new) olds then olds - else let val news = trans new olds - in close (add new (olds,[])) news end -and close (olds: less list) ([]:less list) = olds - | close olds ((new:less)::news) = close (close1 olds (ctest new)) news; - -(*** end of transitive closure ***) - -(* recognize and solve trivial goal *) -fun triv_sol(x,i,y,j,_) = - if x=y andalso i (case find_first (fn fact => fact subsumes less) facts of - None => raise Cant - | Some(a,m,b,n,p) => Incr1(Incr2(p,j-n),n+i-m-j)) - | Some prf => prf; - -(* turn term into a less-tuple *) -fun mkasm(t,n) = - case Less.decomp(t) of - Some(x,i,rel,y,j) => (case rel of - "<" => [(x,i,y,j,Asm n)] - | "~<" => [(y,j,x,i+1,Thm([Asm n],Less.not_lessD))] - | "<=" => [(x,i,y,j+1,Thm([Asm n],Less.leD))] - | "~<=" => [(y,j,x,i,Thm([Asm n],Less.not_leD))] - | "=" => [(x,i,y,j+1,Thm([Asm n],Less.eqD1)), - (y,j,x,i+1,Thm([Asm n],Less.eqD2))] - | "~=" => [] - | _ => error("trans_tac/decomp: unknown relation " ^ rel)) - | None => []; - -(* mkconcl t returns a pair (goals,proof) where goals is a list of *) -(* less-subgoals to solve, and proof the validation which proves the concl t *) -(* from the subgoals. Asm ~1 is dummy *) -fun mkconcl t = - case Less.decomp(t) of - Some(x,i,rel,y,j) => (case rel of - "<" => ([(x,i,y,j,Asm ~1)],Asm 0) - | "~<" => ([(y,j,x,i+1,Asm ~1)],Thm([Asm 0],Less.not_lessI)) - | "<=" => ([(x,i,y,j+1,Asm ~1)],Thm([Asm 0],Less.leI)) - | "~<=" => ([(y,j,x,i,Asm ~1)],Thm([Asm 0],Less.not_leI)) - | "=" => ([(x,i,y,j+1,Asm ~1),(y,j,x,i+1,Asm ~1)], - Thm([Asm 0,Asm 1],Less.eqI)) - | "~=" => raise Cant - | _ => error("trans_tac/decomp: unknown relation " ^ rel)) - | None => raise Cant; - - -val trans_tac = SUBGOAL (fn (A,n) => - let val Hs = Logic.strip_assums_hyp A - val C = Logic.strip_assums_concl A - val lesss = flat(ListPair.map mkasm (Hs, 0 upto (length Hs - 1))) - val clesss = close [] lesss - val (subgoals,prf) = mkconcl C - val prfs = map (solve clesss) subgoals - in METAHYPS (fn asms => let val thms = map (prove asms) prfs - in rtac (prove thms prf) 1 end) n - end - handle Contr(p) => METAHYPS (fn asms => rtac (prove asms p) 1) n - | Cant => no_tac); - -fun cut_trans_tac thms = cut_facts_tac thms THEN' trans_tac; - -end; - -(*** Tests -fun test s = prove_goal Nat.thy ("!!m::nat." ^ s) (fn _ => [trans_tac 1]); - -test "[| i Suc(Suc i) < m"; -test "[| i Suc(Suc(Suc i)) <= m"; -test "[| i ~ m <= Suc(Suc i)"; -test "[| i ~ m < Suc(Suc(Suc i))"; -test "[| i m = Suc(Suc(Suc i))"; -test "[| i m = Suc(Suc(Suc i))"; -***)