
diff -r 0932dc251248 -r e77def9a63a6 src/Doc/Isar_Ref/Outer_Syntax.thy
--- a/src/Doc/Isar_Ref/Outer_Syntax.thy	Fri Nov 13 20:03:27 2015 +0100
+++ b/src/Doc/Isar_Ref/Outer_Syntax.thy	Fri Nov 13 21:28:57 2015 +0100
@@ -7,33 +7,29 @@
 chapter \<open>Outer syntax --- the theory language \label{ch:outer-syntax}\<close>
 
 text \<open>
-  The rather generic framework of Isabelle/Isar syntax emerges from
-  three main syntactic categories: \<^emph>\<open>commands\<close> of the top-level
-  Isar engine (covering theory and proof elements), \<^emph>\<open>methods\<close> for
-  general goal refinements (analogous to traditional ``tactics''), and
-  \<^emph>\<open>attributes\<close> for operations on facts (within a certain
-  context).  Subsequently we give a reference of basic syntactic
-  entities underlying Isabelle/Isar syntax in a bottom-up manner.
-  Concrete theory and proof language elements will be introduced later
-  on.
+  The rather generic framework of Isabelle/Isar syntax emerges from three main
+  syntactic categories: \<^emph>\<open>commands\<close> of the top-level Isar engine (covering
+  theory and proof elements), \<^emph>\<open>methods\<close> for general goal refinements
+  (analogous to traditional ``tactics''), and \<^emph>\<open>attributes\<close> for operations on
+  facts (within a certain context). Subsequently we give a reference of basic
+  syntactic entities underlying Isabelle/Isar syntax in a bottom-up manner.
+  Concrete theory and proof language elements will be introduced later on.
 
   \<^medskip>
-  In order to get started with writing well-formed
-  Isabelle/Isar documents, the most important aspect to be noted is
-  the difference of \<^emph>\<open>inner\<close> versus \<^emph>\<open>outer\<close> syntax.  Inner
-  syntax is that of Isabelle types and terms of the logic, while outer
-  syntax is that of Isabelle/Isar theory sources (specifications and
-  proofs).  As a general rule, inner syntax entities may occur only as
-  \<^emph>\<open>atomic entities\<close> within outer syntax.  For example, the string
-  \<^verbatim>\<open>"x + y"\<close> and identifier \<^verbatim>\<open>z\<close> are legal term
-  specifications within a theory, while \<^verbatim>\<open>x + y\<close> without
-  quotes is not.
+  In order to get started with writing well-formed Isabelle/Isar documents,
+  the most important aspect to be noted is the difference of \<^emph>\<open>inner\<close> versus
+  \<^emph>\<open>outer\<close> syntax. Inner syntax is that of Isabelle types and terms of the
+  logic, while outer syntax is that of Isabelle/Isar theory sources
+  (specifications and proofs). As a general rule, inner syntax entities may
+  occur only as \<^emph>\<open>atomic entities\<close> within outer syntax. For example, the
+  string \<^verbatim>\<open>"x + y"\<close> and identifier \<^verbatim>\<open>z\<close> are legal term specifications within a
+  theory, while \<^verbatim>\<open>x + y\<close> without quotes is not.
 
-  Printed theory documents usually omit quotes to gain readability
-  (this is a matter of {\LaTeX} macro setup, say via \<^verbatim>\<open>\isabellestyle\<close>,
-  see also @{cite "isabelle-system"}).  Experienced
-  users of Isabelle/Isar may easily reconstruct the lost technical
-  information, while mere readers need not care about quotes at all.
+  Printed theory documents usually omit quotes to gain readability (this is a
+  matter of {\LaTeX} macro setup, say via \<^verbatim>\<open>\isabellestyle\<close>, see also @{cite
+  "isabelle-system"}). Experienced users of Isabelle/Isar may easily
+  reconstruct the lost technical information, while mere readers need not care
+  about quotes at all.
 \<close>
 
 
@@ -59,8 +55,10 @@
 
 subsubsection \<open>Examples\<close>
 
-text \<open>Some common diagnostic commands are retrieved like this
-  (according to usual naming conventions):\<close>
+text \<open>
+  Some common diagnostic commands are retrieved like this (according to usual
+  naming conventions):
+\<close>
 
 help "print"
 help "find"
@@ -68,35 +66,31 @@
 
 section \<open>Lexical matters \label{sec:outer-lex}\<close>
 
-text \<open>The outer lexical syntax consists of three main categories of
-  syntax tokens:
-
-  \<^enum> \<^emph>\<open>major keywords\<close> --- the command names that are available
-  in the present logic session;
+text \<open>
+  The outer lexical syntax consists of three main categories of syntax tokens:
 
-  \<^enum> \<^emph>\<open>minor keywords\<close> --- additional literal tokens required
-  by the syntax of commands;
+    \<^enum> \<^emph>\<open>major keywords\<close> --- the command names that are available
+    in the present logic session;
 
-  \<^enum> \<^emph>\<open>named tokens\<close> --- various categories of identifiers etc.
+    \<^enum> \<^emph>\<open>minor keywords\<close> --- additional literal tokens required
+    by the syntax of commands;
 
+    \<^enum> \<^emph>\<open>named tokens\<close> --- various categories of identifiers etc.
 
-  Major keywords and minor keywords are guaranteed to be disjoint.
-  This helps user-interfaces to determine the overall structure of a
-  theory text, without knowing the full details of command syntax.
-  Internally, there is some additional information about the kind of
-  major keywords, which approximates the command type (theory command,
-  proof command etc.).
+  Major keywords and minor keywords are guaranteed to be disjoint. This helps
+  user-interfaces to determine the overall structure of a theory text, without
+  knowing the full details of command syntax. Internally, there is some
+  additional information about the kind of major keywords, which approximates
+  the command type (theory command, proof command etc.).
 
-  Keywords override named tokens.  For example, the presence of a
-  command called \<^verbatim>\<open>term\<close> inhibits the identifier \<^verbatim>\<open>term\<close>, but the
-  string \<^verbatim>\<open>"term"\<close> can be used instead.
-  By convention, the outer syntax always allows quoted strings in
-  addition to identifiers, wherever a named entity is expected.
+  Keywords override named tokens. For example, the presence of a command
+  called \<^verbatim>\<open>term\<close> inhibits the identifier \<^verbatim>\<open>term\<close>, but the string \<^verbatim>\<open>"term"\<close> can
+  be used instead. By convention, the outer syntax always allows quoted
+  strings in addition to identifiers, wherever a named entity is expected.
 
-  When tokenizing a given input sequence, the lexer repeatedly takes
-  the longest prefix of the input that forms a valid token.  Spaces,
-  tabs, newlines and formfeeds between tokens serve as explicit
-  separators.
+  When tokenizing a given input sequence, the lexer repeatedly takes the
+  longest prefix of the input that forms a valid token. Spaces, tabs, newlines
+  and formfeeds between tokens serve as explicit separators.
 
   \<^medskip>
   The categories for named tokens are defined once and for all as follows.
@@ -134,66 +128,62 @@
   \end{supertabular}
   \end{center}
 
-  A @{syntax_ref var} or @{syntax_ref typevar} describes an unknown,
-  which is internally a pair of base name and index (ML type @{ML_type
-  indexname}).  These components are either separated by a dot as in
-  \<open>?x.1\<close> or \<open>?x7.3\<close> or run together as in \<open>?x1\<close>.  The latter form is possible
-  if the base name does not end with digits.  If the index is 0, it may be
-  dropped altogether: \<open>?x\<close> and \<open>?x0\<close> and \<open>?x.0\<close> all refer to the
-  same unknown, with basename \<open>x\<close> and index 0.
+  A @{syntax_ref var} or @{syntax_ref typevar} describes an unknown, which is
+  internally a pair of base name and index (ML type @{ML_type indexname}).
+  These components are either separated by a dot as in \<open>?x.1\<close> or \<open>?x7.3\<close> or
+  run together as in \<open>?x1\<close>. The latter form is possible if the base name does
+  not end with digits. If the index is 0, it may be dropped altogether: \<open>?x\<close>
+  and \<open>?x0\<close> and \<open>?x.0\<close> all refer to the same unknown, with basename \<open>x\<close> and
+  index 0.
 
   The syntax of @{syntax_ref string} admits any characters, including
-  newlines; ``\<^verbatim>\<open>"\<close>'' (double-quote) and ``\<^verbatim>\<open>\\<close>''
-  (backslash) need to be escaped by a backslash; arbitrary
-  character codes may be specified as ``\<^verbatim>\<open>\\<close>\<open>ddd\<close>'',
-  with three decimal digits.  Alternative strings according to
-  @{syntax_ref altstring} are analogous, using single back-quotes
-  instead.
+  newlines; ``\<^verbatim>\<open>"\<close>'' (double-quote) and ``\<^verbatim>\<open>\\<close>'' (backslash) need to be
+  escaped by a backslash; arbitrary character codes may be specified as
+  ``\<^verbatim>\<open>\\<close>\<open>ddd\<close>'', with three decimal digits. Alternative strings according to
+  @{syntax_ref altstring} are analogous, using single back-quotes instead.
 
   The body of @{syntax_ref verbatim} may consist of any text not containing
-  ``\<^verbatim>\<open>*}\<close>''; this allows to include quotes without further
-  escapes, but there is no way to escape ``\<^verbatim>\<open>*}\<close>''. Cartouches
-  do not have this limitation.
+  ``\<^verbatim>\<open>*}\<close>''; this allows to include quotes without further escapes, but there
+  is no way to escape ``\<^verbatim>\<open>*}\<close>''. Cartouches do not have this limitation.
 
-  A @{syntax_ref cartouche} consists of arbitrary text, with properly
-  balanced blocks of ``@{verbatim "\<open>"}~\<open>\<dots>\<close>~@{verbatim
-  "\<close>"}''.  Note that the rendering of cartouche delimiters is
-  usually like this: ``\<open>\<open> \<dots> \<close>\<close>''.
+  A @{syntax_ref cartouche} consists of arbitrary text, with properly balanced
+  blocks of ``@{verbatim "\<open>"}~\<open>\<dots>\<close>~@{verbatim "\<close>"}''. Note that the rendering
+  of cartouche delimiters is usually like this: ``\<open>\<open> \<dots> \<close>\<close>''.
 
-  Source comments take the form \<^verbatim>\<open>(*\<close>~\<open>\<dots>\<close>~\<^verbatim>\<open>*)\<close> and may be nested, although the user-interface
-  might prevent this.  Note that this form indicates source comments
-  only, which are stripped after lexical analysis of the input.  The
-  Isar syntax also provides proper \<^emph>\<open>document comments\<close> that are
-  considered as part of the text (see \secref{sec:comments}).
+  Source comments take the form \<^verbatim>\<open>(*\<close>~\<open>\<dots>\<close>~\<^verbatim>\<open>*)\<close> and may be nested, although
+  the user-interface might prevent this. Note that this form indicates source
+  comments only, which are stripped after lexical analysis of the input. The
+  Isar syntax also provides proper \<^emph>\<open>document comments\<close> that are considered as
+  part of the text (see \secref{sec:comments}).
 
-  Common mathematical symbols such as \<open>\<forall>\<close> are represented in
-  Isabelle as \<^verbatim>\<open>\<forall>\<close>.  There are infinitely many Isabelle
-  symbols like this, although proper presentation is left to front-end
-  tools such as {\LaTeX} or Isabelle/jEdit.  A list of
-  predefined Isabelle symbols that work well with these tools is given
-  in \appref{app:symbols}.  Note that \<^verbatim>\<open>\<lambda>\<close> does not belong
-  to the \<open>letter\<close> category, since it is already used differently
-  in the Pure term language.\<close>
+  Common mathematical symbols such as \<open>\<forall>\<close> are represented in Isabelle as \<^verbatim>\<open>\<forall>\<close>.
+  There are infinitely many Isabelle symbols like this, although proper
+  presentation is left to front-end tools such as {\LaTeX} or Isabelle/jEdit.
+  A list of predefined Isabelle symbols that work well with these tools is
+  given in \appref{app:symbols}. Note that \<^verbatim>\<open>\<lambda>\<close> does not belong to the
+  \<open>letter\<close> category, since it is already used differently in the Pure term
+  language.
+\<close>
 
 
 section \<open>Common syntax entities\<close>
 
 text \<open>
-  We now introduce several basic syntactic entities, such as names,
-  terms, and theorem specifications, which are factored out of the
-  actual Isar language elements to be described later.
+  We now introduce several basic syntactic entities, such as names, terms, and
+  theorem specifications, which are factored out of the actual Isar language
+  elements to be described later.
 \<close>
 
 
 subsection \<open>Names\<close>
 
-text \<open>Entity @{syntax name} usually refers to any name of types,
-  constants, theorems etc.\ that are to be \<^emph>\<open>declared\<close> or
-  \<^emph>\<open>defined\<close> (so qualified identifiers are excluded here).  Quoted
-  strings provide an escape for non-identifier names or those ruled
-  out by outer syntax keywords (e.g.\ quoted \<^verbatim>\<open>"let"\<close>).
-  Already existing objects are usually referenced by @{syntax
-  nameref}.
+text \<open>
+  Entity @{syntax name} usually refers to any name of types, constants,
+  theorems etc.\ that are to be \<^emph>\<open>declared\<close> or \<^emph>\<open>defined\<close> (so qualified
+  identifiers are excluded here). Quoted strings provide an escape for
+  non-identifier names or those ruled out by outer syntax keywords (e.g.\
+  quoted \<^verbatim>\<open>"let"\<close>). Already existing objects are usually referenced by
+  @{syntax nameref}.
 
   @{rail \<open>
     @{syntax_def name}: @{syntax ident} | @{syntax symident} |
@@ -208,9 +198,10 @@
 
 subsection \<open>Numbers\<close>
 
-text \<open>The outer lexical syntax (\secref{sec:outer-lex}) admits
-  natural numbers and floating point numbers.  These are combined as
-  @{syntax int} and @{syntax real} as follows.
+text \<open>
+  The outer lexical syntax (\secref{sec:outer-lex}) admits natural numbers and
+  floating point numbers. These are combined as @{syntax int} and @{syntax
+  real} as follows.
 
   @{rail \<open>
     @{syntax_def int}: @{syntax nat} | '-' @{syntax nat}
@@ -218,8 +209,8 @@
     @{syntax_def real}: @{syntax float} | @{syntax int}
   \<close>}
 
-  Note that there is an overlap with the category @{syntax name},
-  which also includes @{syntax nat}.
+  Note that there is an overlap with the category @{syntax name}, which also
+  includes @{syntax nat}.
 \<close>
 
 
@@ -244,10 +235,9 @@
 subsection \<open>Type classes, sorts and arities\<close>
 
 text \<open>
-  Classes are specified by plain names.  Sorts have a very simple
-  inner syntax, which is either a single class name \<open>c\<close> or a
-  list \<open>{c\<^sub>1, \<dots>, c\<^sub>n}\<close> referring to the
-  intersection of these classes.  The syntax of type arities is given
+  Classes are specified by plain names. Sorts have a very simple inner syntax,
+  which is either a single class name \<open>c\<close> or a list \<open>{c\<^sub>1, \<dots>, c\<^sub>n}\<close> referring
+  to the intersection of these classes. The syntax of type arities is given
   directly at the outer level.
 
   @{rail \<open>
@@ -263,18 +253,16 @@
 subsection \<open>Types and terms \label{sec:types-terms}\<close>
 
 text \<open>
-  The actual inner Isabelle syntax, that of types and terms of the
-  logic, is far too sophisticated in order to be modelled explicitly
-  at the outer theory level.  Basically, any such entity has to be
-  quoted to turn it into a single token (the parsing and type-checking
-  is performed internally later).  For convenience, a slightly more
-  liberal convention is adopted: quotes may be omitted for any type or
-  term that is already atomic at the outer level.  For example, one
-  may just write \<^verbatim>\<open>x\<close> instead of quoted \<^verbatim>\<open>"x"\<close>.
-  Note that symbolic identifiers (e.g.\ \<^verbatim>\<open>++\<close> or \<open>\<forall>\<close> are available as well,
-  provided these have not been superseded
-  by commands or other keywords already (such as \<^verbatim>\<open>=\<close> or
-  \<^verbatim>\<open>+\<close>).
+  The actual inner Isabelle syntax, that of types and terms of the logic, is
+  far too sophisticated in order to be modelled explicitly at the outer theory
+  level. Basically, any such entity has to be quoted to turn it into a single
+  token (the parsing and type-checking is performed internally later). For
+  convenience, a slightly more liberal convention is adopted: quotes may be
+  omitted for any type or term that is already atomic at the outer level. For
+  example, one may just write \<^verbatim>\<open>x\<close> instead of quoted \<^verbatim>\<open>"x"\<close>. Note that
+  symbolic identifiers (e.g.\ \<^verbatim>\<open>++\<close> or \<open>\<forall>\<close> are available as well, provided
+  these have not been superseded by commands or other keywords already (such
+  as \<^verbatim>\<open>=\<close> or \<^verbatim>\<open>+\<close>).
 
   @{rail \<open>
     @{syntax_def type}: @{syntax nameref} | @{syntax typefree} |
@@ -294,10 +282,10 @@
     @{syntax_def insts}: (@{syntax inst} *)
   \<close>}
 
-  Named instantiations are specified as pairs of assignments \<open>v =
-  t\<close>, which refer to schematic variables in some theorem that is
-  instantiated. Both type and terms instantiations are admitted, and
-  distinguished by the usual syntax of variable names.
+  Named instantiations are specified as pairs of assignments \<open>v = t\<close>, which
+  refer to schematic variables in some theorem that is instantiated. Both type
+  and terms instantiations are admitted, and distinguished by the usual syntax
+  of variable names.
 
   @{rail \<open>
     @{syntax_def named_inst}: variable '=' (type | term)
@@ -307,10 +295,10 @@
     variable: @{syntax name} | @{syntax var} | @{syntax typefree} | @{syntax typevar}
   \<close>}
 
-  Type declarations and definitions usually refer to @{syntax
-  typespec} on the left-hand side.  This models basic type constructor
-  application at the outer syntax level.  Note that only plain postfix
-  notation is available here, but no infixes.
+  Type declarations and definitions usually refer to @{syntax typespec} on the
+  left-hand side. This models basic type constructor application at the outer
+  syntax level. Note that only plain postfix notation is available here, but
+  no infixes.
 
   @{rail \<open>
     @{syntax_def typespec}:
@@ -325,10 +313,11 @@
 
 subsection \<open>Term patterns and declarations \label{sec:term-decls}\<close>
 
-text \<open>Wherever explicit propositions (or term fragments) occur in a
-  proof text, casual binding of schematic term variables may be given
-  specified via patterns of the form ``\<open>(\<IS> p\<^sub>1 \<dots> p\<^sub>n)\<close>''.
-  This works both for @{syntax term} and @{syntax prop}.
+text \<open>
+  Wherever explicit propositions (or term fragments) occur in a proof text,
+  casual binding of schematic term variables may be given specified via
+  patterns of the form ``\<open>(\<IS> p\<^sub>1 \<dots> p\<^sub>n)\<close>''. This works both for @{syntax
+  term} and @{syntax prop}.
 
   @{rail \<open>
     @{syntax_def term_pat}: '(' (@'is' @{syntax term} +) ')'
@@ -337,13 +326,12 @@
   \<close>}
 
   \<^medskip>
-  Declarations of local variables \<open>x :: \<tau>\<close> and
-  logical propositions \<open>a : \<phi>\<close> represent different views on
-  the same principle of introducing a local scope.  In practice, one
-  may usually omit the typing of @{syntax vars} (due to
-  type-inference), and the naming of propositions (due to implicit
-  references of current facts).  In any case, Isar proof elements
-  usually admit to introduce multiple such items simultaneously.
+  Declarations of local variables \<open>x :: \<tau>\<close> and logical propositions \<open>a : \<phi>\<close>
+  represent different views on the same principle of introducing a local
+  scope. In practice, one may usually omit the typing of @{syntax vars} (due
+  to type-inference), and the naming of propositions (due to implicit
+  references of current facts). In any case, Isar proof elements usually admit
+  to introduce multiple such items simultaneously.
 
   @{rail \<open>
     @{syntax_def vars}: (@{syntax name} +) ('::' @{syntax type})?
@@ -353,14 +341,13 @@
     @{syntax_def props'}: (@{syntax prop} @{syntax prop_pat}? +)
   \<close>}
 
-  The treatment of multiple declarations corresponds to the
-  complementary focus of @{syntax vars} versus @{syntax props}.  In
-  ``\<open>x\<^sub>1 \<dots> x\<^sub>n :: \<tau>\<close>'' the typing refers to all variables, while
-  in \<open>a: \<phi>\<^sub>1 \<dots> \<phi>\<^sub>n\<close> the naming refers to all propositions
-  collectively.  Isar language elements that refer to @{syntax vars}
-  or @{syntax props} typically admit separate typings or namings via
-  another level of iteration, with explicit @{keyword_ref "and"}
-  separators; e.g.\ see @{command "fix"} and @{command "assume"} in
+  The treatment of multiple declarations corresponds to the complementary
+  focus of @{syntax vars} versus @{syntax props}. In ``\<open>x\<^sub>1 \<dots> x\<^sub>n :: \<tau>\<close>'' the
+  typing refers to all variables, while in \<open>a: \<phi>\<^sub>1 \<dots> \<phi>\<^sub>n\<close> the naming refers to
+  all propositions collectively. Isar language elements that refer to @{syntax
+  vars} or @{syntax props} typically admit separate typings or namings via
+  another level of iteration, with explicit @{keyword_ref "and"} separators;
+  e.g.\ see @{command "fix"} and @{command "assume"} in
   \secref{sec:proof-context}.
 
   @{rail \<open>
@@ -372,21 +359,22 @@
 
   The category @{syntax "fixes"} is a richer variant of @{syntax vars}: it
   admits specification of mixfix syntax for the entities that are introduced
-  into the context. An optional suffix ``@{keyword "for"}~\<open>fixes\<close>''
-  is admitted in many situations to indicate a so-called ``eigen-context''
-  of a formal element: the result will be exported and thus generalized over
-  the given variables.\<close>
+  into the context. An optional suffix ``@{keyword "for"}~\<open>fixes\<close>'' is
+  admitted in many situations to indicate a so-called ``eigen-context'' of a
+  formal element: the result will be exported and thus generalized over the
+  given variables.
+\<close>
 
 
 subsection \<open>Attributes and theorems \label{sec:syn-att}\<close>
 
-text \<open>Attributes have their own ``semi-inner'' syntax, in the sense
-  that input conforming to @{syntax args} below is parsed by the
-  attribute a second time.  The attribute argument specifications may
-  be any sequence of atomic entities (identifiers, strings etc.), or
-  properly bracketed argument lists.  Below @{syntax atom} refers to
-  any atomic entity, including any @{syntax keyword} conforming to
-  @{syntax symident}.
+text \<open>
+  Attributes have their own ``semi-inner'' syntax, in the sense that input
+  conforming to @{syntax args} below is parsed by the attribute a second time.
+  The attribute argument specifications may be any sequence of atomic entities
+  (identifiers, strings etc.), or properly bracketed argument lists. Below
+  @{syntax atom} refers to any atomic entity, including any @{syntax keyword}
+  conforming to @{syntax symident}.
 
   @{rail \<open>
     @{syntax_def atom}: @{syntax nameref} | @{syntax typefree} |
@@ -400,35 +388,33 @@
     @{syntax_def attributes}: '[' (@{syntax nameref} @{syntax args} * ',') ']'
   \<close>}
 
-  Theorem specifications come in several flavors: @{syntax axmdecl}
-  and @{syntax thmdecl} usually refer to axioms, assumptions or
-  results of goal statements, while @{syntax thmdef} collects lists of
-  existing theorems.  Existing theorems are given by @{syntax thmref}
-  and @{syntax thmrefs}, the former requires an actual singleton
-  result.
+  Theorem specifications come in several flavors: @{syntax axmdecl} and
+  @{syntax thmdecl} usually refer to axioms, assumptions or results of goal
+  statements, while @{syntax thmdef} collects lists of existing theorems.
+  Existing theorems are given by @{syntax thmref} and @{syntax thmrefs}, the
+  former requires an actual singleton result.
 
   There are three forms of theorem references:
 
-  \<^enum> named facts \<open>a\<close>,
+    \<^enum> named facts \<open>a\<close>,
 
-  \<^enum> selections from named facts \<open>a(i)\<close> or \<open>a(j - k)\<close>,
+    \<^enum> selections from named facts \<open>a(i)\<close> or \<open>a(j - k)\<close>,
 
-  \<^enum> literal fact propositions using token syntax @{syntax_ref altstring}
-  \<^verbatim>\<open>`\<close>\<open>\<phi>\<close>\<^verbatim>\<open>`\<close> or @{syntax_ref cartouche}
-  \<open>\<open>\<phi>\<close>\<close> (see also method @{method_ref fact}).
-
+    \<^enum> literal fact propositions using token syntax @{syntax_ref altstring}
+    \<^verbatim>\<open>`\<close>\<open>\<phi>\<close>\<^verbatim>\<open>`\<close> or @{syntax_ref cartouche}
+    \<open>\<open>\<phi>\<close>\<close> (see also method @{method_ref fact}).
 
-  Any kind of theorem specification may include lists of attributes
-  both on the left and right hand sides; attributes are applied to any
-  immediately preceding fact.  If names are omitted, the theorems are
-  not stored within the theorem database of the theory or proof
-  context, but any given attributes are applied nonetheless.
+  Any kind of theorem specification may include lists of attributes both on
+  the left and right hand sides; attributes are applied to any immediately
+  preceding fact. If names are omitted, the theorems are not stored within the
+  theorem database of the theory or proof context, but any given attributes
+  are applied nonetheless.
 
-  An extra pair of brackets around attributes (like ``\<open>[[simproc a]]\<close>'') abbreviates a theorem reference involving an
-  internal dummy fact, which will be ignored later on.  So only the
-  effect of the attribute on the background context will persist.
-  This form of in-place declarations is particularly useful with
-  commands like @{command "declare"} and @{command "using"}.
+  An extra pair of brackets around attributes (like ``\<open>[[simproc a]]\<close>'')
+  abbreviates a theorem reference involving an internal dummy fact, which will
+  be ignored later on. So only the effect of the attribute on the background
+  context will persist. This form of in-place declarations is particularly
+  useful with commands like @{command "declare"} and @{command "using"}.
 
   @{rail \<open>
     @{syntax_def axmdecl}: @{syntax name} @{syntax attributes}? ':'
@@ -492,9 +478,9 @@
     @@{command unused_thms} ((@{syntax name} +) '-' (@{syntax name} * ))?
   \<close>}
 
-  These commands print certain parts of the theory and proof context.
-  Note that there are some further ones available, such as for the set
-  of rules declared for simplifications.
+  These commands print certain parts of the theory and proof context. Note
+  that there are some further ones available, such as for the set of rules
+  declared for simplifications.
 
   \<^descr> @{command "print_theory"} prints the main logical content of the
   background theory; the ``\<open>!\<close>'' option indicates extra verbosity.
@@ -502,68 +488,56 @@
   \<^descr> @{command "print_definitions"} prints dependencies of definitional
   specifications within the background theory, which may be constants
   \secref{sec:consts} or types (\secref{sec:types-pure},
-  \secref{sec:hol-typedef}); the ``\<open>!\<close>'' option indicates extra
-  verbosity.
+  \secref{sec:hol-typedef}); the ``\<open>!\<close>'' option indicates extra verbosity.
 
   \<^descr> @{command "print_methods"} prints all proof methods available in the
-  current theory context; the ``\<open>!\<close>'' option indicates extra
-  verbosity.
+  current theory context; the ``\<open>!\<close>'' option indicates extra verbosity.
 
   \<^descr> @{command "print_attributes"} prints all attributes available in the
-  current theory context; the ``\<open>!\<close>'' option indicates extra
-  verbosity.
+  current theory context; the ``\<open>!\<close>'' option indicates extra verbosity.
 
   \<^descr> @{command "print_theorems"} prints theorems of the background theory
-  resulting from the last command; the ``\<open>!\<close>'' option indicates
-  extra verbosity.
+  resulting from the last command; the ``\<open>!\<close>'' option indicates extra
+  verbosity.
 
-  \<^descr> @{command "print_facts"} prints all local facts of the current
-  context, both named and unnamed ones; the ``\<open>!\<close>'' option indicates
-  extra verbosity.
+  \<^descr> @{command "print_facts"} prints all local facts of the current context,
+  both named and unnamed ones; the ``\<open>!\<close>'' option indicates extra verbosity.
 
-  \<^descr> @{command "print_term_bindings"} prints all term bindings that
-  are present in the context.
+  \<^descr> @{command "print_term_bindings"} prints all term bindings that are present
+  in the context.
 
-  \<^descr> @{command "find_theorems"}~\<open>criteria\<close> retrieves facts
-  from the theory or proof context matching all of given search
-  criteria.  The criterion \<open>name: p\<close> selects all theorems
-  whose fully qualified name matches pattern \<open>p\<close>, which may
-  contain ``\<open>*\<close>'' wildcards.  The criteria \<open>intro\<close>,
-  \<open>elim\<close>, and \<open>dest\<close> select theorems that match the
-  current goal as introduction, elimination or destruction rules,
-  respectively.  The criterion \<open>solves\<close> returns all rules
-  that would directly solve the current goal.  The criterion
-  \<open>simp: t\<close> selects all rewrite rules whose left-hand side
-  matches the given term.  The criterion term \<open>t\<close> selects all
-  theorems that contain the pattern \<open>t\<close> -- as usual, patterns
-  may contain occurrences of the dummy ``\<open>_\<close>'', schematic
-  variables, and type constraints.
+  \<^descr> @{command "find_theorems"}~\<open>criteria\<close> retrieves facts from the theory or
+  proof context matching all of given search criteria. The criterion \<open>name: p\<close>
+  selects all theorems whose fully qualified name matches pattern \<open>p\<close>, which
+  may contain ``\<open>*\<close>'' wildcards. The criteria \<open>intro\<close>, \<open>elim\<close>, and \<open>dest\<close>
+  select theorems that match the current goal as introduction, elimination or
+  destruction rules, respectively. The criterion \<open>solves\<close> returns all rules
+  that would directly solve the current goal. The criterion \<open>simp: t\<close> selects
+  all rewrite rules whose left-hand side matches the given term. The criterion
+  term \<open>t\<close> selects all theorems that contain the pattern \<open>t\<close> -- as usual,
+  patterns may contain occurrences of the dummy ``\<open>_\<close>'', schematic variables,
+  and type constraints.
 
-  Criteria can be preceded by ``\<open>-\<close>'' to select theorems that
-  do \<^emph>\<open>not\<close> match. Note that giving the empty list of criteria
-  yields \<^emph>\<open>all\<close> currently known facts.  An optional limit for the
-  number of printed facts may be given; the default is 40.  By
-  default, duplicates are removed from the search result. Use
-  \<open>with_dups\<close> to display duplicates.
+  Criteria can be preceded by ``\<open>-\<close>'' to select theorems that do \<^emph>\<open>not\<close> match.
+  Note that giving the empty list of criteria yields \<^emph>\<open>all\<close> currently known
+  facts. An optional limit for the number of printed facts may be given; the
+  default is 40. By default, duplicates are removed from the search result.
+  Use \<open>with_dups\<close> to display duplicates.
 
-  \<^descr> @{command "find_consts"}~\<open>criteria\<close> prints all constants
-  whose type meets all of the given criteria. The criterion \<open>strict: ty\<close> is met by any type that matches the type pattern
-  \<open>ty\<close>.  Patterns may contain both the dummy type ``\<open>_\<close>''
-  and sort constraints. The criterion \<open>ty\<close> is similar, but it
-  also matches against subtypes. The criterion \<open>name: p\<close> and
-  the prefix ``\<open>-\<close>'' function as described for @{command
-  "find_theorems"}.
+  \<^descr> @{command "find_consts"}~\<open>criteria\<close> prints all constants whose type meets
+  all of the given criteria. The criterion \<open>strict: ty\<close> is met by any type
+  that matches the type pattern \<open>ty\<close>. Patterns may contain both the dummy type
+  ``\<open>_\<close>'' and sort constraints. The criterion \<open>ty\<close> is similar, but it also
+  matches against subtypes. The criterion \<open>name: p\<close> and the prefix ``\<open>-\<close>''
+  function as described for @{command "find_theorems"}.
 
-  \<^descr> @{command "thm_deps"}~\<open>a\<^sub>1 \<dots> a\<^sub>n\<close>
-  visualizes dependencies of facts, using Isabelle's graph browser
-  tool (see also @{cite "isabelle-system"}).
+  \<^descr> @{command "thm_deps"}~\<open>a\<^sub>1 \<dots> a\<^sub>n\<close> visualizes dependencies of facts, using
+  Isabelle's graph browser tool (see also @{cite "isabelle-system"}).
 
-  \<^descr> @{command "unused_thms"}~\<open>A\<^sub>1 \<dots> A\<^sub>m - B\<^sub>1 \<dots> B\<^sub>n\<close>
-  displays all theorems that are proved in theories \<open>B\<^sub>1 \<dots> B\<^sub>n\<close>
-  or their parents but not in \<open>A\<^sub>1 \<dots> A\<^sub>m\<close> or their parents and
-  that are never used.
-  If \<open>n\<close> is \<open>0\<close>, the end of the range of theories
-  defaults to the current theory. If no range is specified,
+  \<^descr> @{command "unused_thms"}~\<open>A\<^sub>1 \<dots> A\<^sub>m - B\<^sub>1 \<dots> B\<^sub>n\<close> displays all theorems
+  that are proved in theories \<open>B\<^sub>1 \<dots> B\<^sub>n\<close> or their parents but not in \<open>A\<^sub>1 \<dots>
+  A\<^sub>m\<close> or their parents and that are never used. If \<open>n\<close> is \<open>0\<close>, the end of the
+  range of theories defaults to the current theory. If no range is specified,
   only the unused theorems in the current theory are displayed.
 \<close>
 




