# HG changeset patch
# User chaieb
# Date 1181552754 -7200
# Node ID 22ddaef5fb920ecc4121840d34e407fbf90bb4b0
# Parent  678ee30499d281e29be2c63deee3a9999397c5c1
A new simpler and cleaner implementation of proof Synthesis for Presburger Arithmetic --- Cooper's Algorithm

diff -r 678ee30499d2 -r 22ddaef5fb92 src/HOL/Tools/Presburger/cooper.ML
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/src/HOL/Tools/Presburger/cooper.ML	Mon Jun 11 11:05:54 2007 +0200
@@ -0,0 +1,661 @@
+(*  Title:      HOL/Tools/Presburger/cooper.ML
+    ID:         $Id$
+    Author:     Amine Chaieb, TU Muenchen
+*)
+
+signature COOPER =
+ sig
+  val cooper_conv : Proof.context -> Conv.conv
+  exception COOPER of string * exn
+end;
+
+structure Cooper: COOPER =
+struct
+open Conv;
+open Normalizer;
+
+exception COOPER of string * exn;
+val simp_thms_conv = Simplifier.rewrite (HOL_basic_ss addsimps simp_thms);
+
+fun C f x y = f y x;
+
+val FWD = C (fold (C implies_elim));
+
+val true_tm = @{cterm "True"};
+val false_tm = @{cterm "False"};
+val zdvd1_eq = @{thm "zdvd1_eq"};
+val presburger_ss = @{simpset} addsimps [zdvd1_eq];
+val lin_ss = presburger_ss addsimps (@{thm "dvd_eq_mod_eq_0"}::zdvd1_eq::zadd_ac);
+(* Some types and constants *)
+val iT = HOLogic.intT
+val bT = HOLogic.boolT;
+val dest_numeral = HOLogic.dest_number #> snd;
+
+val [miconj, midisj, mieq, mineq, milt, mile, migt, mige, midvd, mindvd, miP] = 
+    map(instantiate' [SOME @{ctyp "int"}] []) @{thms "minf"};
+
+val [infDconj, infDdisj, infDdvd,infDndvd,infDP] = 
+    map(instantiate' [SOME @{ctyp "int"}] []) @{thms "inf_period"};
+
+val [piconj, pidisj, pieq,pineq,pilt,pile,pigt,pige,pidvd,pindvd,piP] = 
+    map (instantiate' [SOME @{ctyp "int"}] []) @{thms "pinf"};
+
+val [miP, piP] = map (instantiate' [SOME @{ctyp "bool"}] []) [miP, piP];
+
+val infDP = instantiate' (map SOME [@{ctyp "int"}, @{ctyp "bool"}]) [] infDP;
+
+val [[asetconj, asetdisj, aseteq, asetneq, asetlt, asetle, 
+      asetgt, asetge, asetdvd, asetndvd,asetP],
+     [bsetconj, bsetdisj, bseteq, bsetneq, bsetlt, bsetle, 
+      bsetgt, bsetge, bsetdvd, bsetndvd,bsetP]]  = [@{thms "aset"}, @{thms "bset"}];
+
+val [miex, cpmi, piex, cppi] = [@{thm "minusinfinity"}, @{thm "cpmi"}, 
+                                @{thm "plusinfinity"}, @{thm "cppi"}];
+
+val unity_coeff_ex = instantiate' [SOME @{ctyp "int"}] [] @{thm "unity_coeff_ex"};
+
+val [zdvd_mono,simp_from_to,all_not_ex] = 
+     [@{thm "zdvd_mono"}, @{thm "simp_from_to"}, @{thm "all_not_ex"}];
+
+val [dvd_uminus, dvd_uminus'] = @{thms "uminus_dvd_conv"};
+
+val eval_ss = presburger_ss addsimps [simp_from_to] delsimps [insert_iff,bex_triv];
+val eval_conv = Simplifier.rewrite eval_ss;
+
+(* recongnising cterm without moving to terms *)
+
+datatype fm = And of cterm*cterm| Or of cterm*cterm| Eq of cterm | NEq of cterm 
+            | Lt of cterm | Le of cterm | Gt of cterm | Ge of cterm
+            | Dvd of cterm*cterm | NDvd of cterm*cterm | Nox
+
+fun whatis x ct = 
+( case (term_of ct) of 
+  Const("op &",_)$_$_ => And (Thm.dest_binop ct)
+| Const ("op |",_)$_$_ => Or (Thm.dest_binop ct)
+| Const ("op =",ty)$y$_ => if term_of x aconv y then Eq (Thm.dest_arg ct) else Nox
+| Const("Not",_) $ (Const ("op =",_)$y$_) => 
+  if term_of x aconv y then NEq (funpow 2 Thm.dest_arg ct) else Nox
+| Const ("Orderings.ord_class.less",_)$y$z =>
+   if term_of x aconv y then Lt (Thm.dest_arg ct) 
+   else if term_of x aconv z then Gt (Thm.dest_arg1 ct) else Nox
+| Const ("Orderings.ord_class.less_eq",_)$y$z => 
+   if term_of x aconv y then Le (Thm.dest_arg ct) 
+   else if term_of x aconv z then Ge (Thm.dest_arg1 ct) else Nox
+| Const ("Divides.dvd",_)$_$(Const(@{const_name "HOL.plus"},_)$y$_) =>
+   if term_of x aconv y then Dvd (Thm.dest_binop ct ||> Thm.dest_arg) else Nox 
+| Const("Not",_) $ (Const ("Divides.dvd",_)$_$(Const(@{const_name "HOL.plus"},_)$y$_)) =>
+   if term_of x aconv y then 
+   NDvd (Thm.dest_binop (Thm.dest_arg ct) ||> Thm.dest_arg) else Nox 
+| _ => Nox)
+  handle CTERM _ => Nox; 
+
+fun get_pmi_term t = 
+  let val (x,eq) = 
+     (Thm.dest_abs NONE o Thm.dest_arg o snd o Thm.dest_abs NONE o Thm.dest_arg)
+        (Thm.dest_arg t)
+in (Thm.cabs x o Thm.dest_arg o Thm.dest_arg) eq end;
+
+val get_pmi = get_pmi_term o cprop_of;
+
+val p_v' = @{cpat "?P' :: int => bool"}; 
+val q_v' = @{cpat "?Q' :: int => bool"};
+val p_v = @{cpat "?P:: int => bool"};
+val q_v = @{cpat "?Q:: int => bool"};
+
+fun myfwd (th1, th2, th3) p q 
+      [(th_1,th_2,th_3), (th_1',th_2',th_3')] = 
+  let  
+   val (mp', mq') = (get_pmi th_1, get_pmi th_1')
+   val mi_th = FWD (instantiate ([],[(p_v,p),(q_v,q), (p_v',mp'),(q_v',mq')]) th1) 
+                   [th_1, th_1']
+   val infD_th = FWD (instantiate ([],[(p_v,mp'), (q_v, mq')]) th3) [th_3,th_3']
+   val set_th = FWD (instantiate ([],[(p_v,p), (q_v,q)]) th2) [th_2, th_2']
+  in (mi_th, set_th, infD_th)
+  end;
+
+val inst' = fn cts => instantiate' [] (map SOME cts);
+val infDTrue = instantiate' [] [SOME true_tm] infDP;
+val infDFalse = instantiate' [] [SOME false_tm] infDP;
+
+val cadd =  @{cterm "op + :: int => _"}
+val cmulC =  @{cterm "op * :: int => _"}
+val cminus =  @{cterm "op - :: int => _"}
+val cone =  @{cterm "1:: int"}
+val cneg = @{cterm "uminus :: int => _"}
+val [addC, mulC, subC, negC] = map term_of [cadd, cmulC, cminus, cneg]
+val [zero, one] = [@{term "0::int"}, @{term "1::int"}];
+
+val is_numeral = can dest_numeral; 
+
+fun numeral1 f n = HOLogic.mk_number iT (f (dest_numeral n)); 
+fun numeral2 f m n = HOLogic.mk_number iT (f (dest_numeral m) (dest_numeral n));
+
+val [minus1,plus1] = 
+    map (fn c => fn t => Thm.capply (Thm.capply c t) cone) [cminus,cadd];
+
+fun decomp_pinf x dvd inS [aseteq, asetneq, asetlt, asetle, 
+                           asetgt, asetge,asetdvd,asetndvd,asetP,
+                           infDdvd, infDndvd, asetconj,
+                           asetdisj, infDconj, infDdisj] cp =
+ case (whatis x cp) of
+  And (p,q) => ([p,q], myfwd (piconj, asetconj, infDconj) (Thm.cabs x p) (Thm.cabs x q))
+| Or (p,q) => ([p,q], myfwd (pidisj, asetdisj, infDdisj) (Thm.cabs x p) (Thm.cabs x q))
+| Eq t => ([], K (inst' [t] pieq, FWD (inst' [t] aseteq) [inS (plus1 t)], infDFalse))
+| NEq t => ([], K (inst' [t] pineq, FWD (inst' [t] asetneq) [inS t], infDTrue))
+| Lt t => ([], K (inst' [t] pilt, FWD (inst' [t] asetlt) [inS t], infDFalse))
+| Le t => ([], K (inst' [t] pile, FWD (inst' [t] asetle) [inS (plus1 t)], infDFalse))
+| Gt t => ([], K (inst' [t] pigt, (inst' [t] asetgt), infDTrue))
+| Ge t => ([], K (inst' [t] pige, (inst' [t] asetge), infDTrue))
+| Dvd (d,s) => 
+   ([],let val dd = dvd d
+	     in K (inst' [d,s] pidvd, FWD (inst' [d,s] asetdvd) [dd],FWD (inst' [d,s] infDdvd) [dd]) end)
+| NDvd(d,s) => ([],let val dd = dvd d
+	      in K (inst' [d,s] pindvd, FWD (inst' [d,s] asetndvd) [dd], FWD (inst' [d,s] infDndvd) [dd]) end)
+| _ => ([], K (inst' [cp] piP, inst' [cp] asetP, inst' [cp] infDP));
+
+fun decomp_minf x dvd inS [bseteq,bsetneq,bsetlt, bsetle, bsetgt,
+                           bsetge,bsetdvd,bsetndvd,bsetP,
+                           infDdvd, infDndvd, bsetconj,
+                           bsetdisj, infDconj, infDdisj] cp =
+ case (whatis x cp) of
+  And (p,q) => ([p,q], myfwd (miconj, bsetconj, infDconj) (Thm.cabs x p) (Thm.cabs x q))
+| Or (p,q) => ([p,q], myfwd (midisj, bsetdisj, infDdisj) (Thm.cabs x p) (Thm.cabs x q))
+| Eq t => ([], K (inst' [t] mieq, FWD (inst' [t] bseteq) [inS (minus1 t)], infDFalse))
+| NEq t => ([], K (inst' [t] mineq, FWD (inst' [t] bsetneq) [inS t], infDTrue))
+| Lt t => ([], K (inst' [t] milt, (inst' [t] bsetlt), infDTrue))
+| Le t => ([], K (inst' [t] mile, (inst' [t] bsetle), infDTrue))
+| Gt t => ([], K (inst' [t] migt, FWD (inst' [t] bsetgt) [inS t], infDFalse))
+| Ge t => ([], K (inst' [t] mige,FWD (inst' [t] bsetge) [inS (minus1 t)], infDFalse))
+| Dvd (d,s) => ([],let val dd = dvd d
+	      in K (inst' [d,s] midvd, FWD (inst' [d,s] bsetdvd) [dd] , FWD (inst' [d,s] infDdvd) [dd]) end)
+| NDvd (d,s) => ([],let val dd = dvd d
+	      in K (inst' [d,s] mindvd, FWD (inst' [d,s] bsetndvd) [dd], FWD (inst' [d,s] infDndvd) [dd]) end)
+| _ => ([], K (inst' [cp] miP, inst' [cp] bsetP, inst' [cp] infDP))
+
+    (* Canonical linear form for terms, formulae etc.. *)
+fun provelin ctxt t = Goal.prove ctxt [] [] t 
+                          (fn _ => EVERY [simp_tac lin_ss 1, TRY (simple_arith_tac 1)]);
+fun linear_cmul 0 tm =  zero 
+  | linear_cmul n tm = 
+    case tm of  
+      Const("HOL.plus_class.plus",_)$a$b => addC$(linear_cmul n a)$(linear_cmul n b)
+    | Const ("HOL.times_class.times",_)$c$x => mulC$(numeral1 ((curry (op *)) n) c)$x
+    | Const("HOL.minus_class.minus",_)$a$b => subC$(linear_cmul n a)$(linear_cmul n b)
+    | (m as Const("HOL.minus_class.uminus",_))$a => m$(linear_cmul n a)
+    | _ =>  numeral1 ((curry (op *)) n) tm;
+fun earlier [] x y = false 
+	| earlier (h::t) x y = 
+    if h aconv y then false else if h aconv x then true else earlier t x y; 
+
+fun linear_add vars tm1 tm2 = 
+ case (tm1,tm2) of 
+	 (Const("HOL.plus_class.plus",_)$(Const("HOL.times_class.times",_)$c1$x1)$r1,
+    Const("HOL.plus_class.plus",_)$(Const("HOL.times_class.times",_)$c2$x2)$r2) => 
+   if x1 = x2 then 
+     let val c = numeral2 (curry (op +)) c1 c2
+	   in if c = zero then linear_add vars r1  r2  
+	      else addC$(mulC$c$x1)$(linear_add vars  r1 r2)
+     end 
+	 else if earlier vars x1 x2 then addC$(mulC$ c1 $ x1)$(linear_add vars r1 tm2)
+   else addC$(mulC$c2$x2)$(linear_add vars tm1 r2)
+ | (Const("HOL.plus_class.plus",_) $ (Const("HOL.times_class.times",_)$c1$x1)$r1 ,_) => 
+    	  addC$(mulC$c1$x1)$(linear_add vars r1 tm2)
+ | (_, Const("HOL.plus_class.plus",_)$(Const("HOL.times_class.times",_)$c2$x2)$r2) => 
+      	  addC$(mulC$c2$x2)$(linear_add vars tm1 r2) 
+ | (_,_) => numeral2 (curry (op +)) tm1 tm2;
+ 
+fun linear_neg tm = linear_cmul ~1 tm; 
+fun linear_sub vars tm1 tm2 = linear_add vars tm1 (linear_neg tm2); 
+
+
+fun lint vars tm = 
+if is_numeral tm then tm 
+else case tm of 
+ Const("HOL.minus_class.uminus",_)$t => linear_neg (lint vars t)
+| Const("HOL.plus_class.plus",_) $ s $ t => linear_add vars (lint vars s) (lint vars t) 
+| Const("HOL.minus_class.minus",_) $ s $ t => linear_sub vars (lint vars s) (lint vars t)
+| Const ("HOL.times_class.times",_) $ s $ t => 
+  let val s' = lint vars s  
+      val t' = lint vars t  
+  in if is_numeral s' then (linear_cmul (dest_numeral s') t') 
+     else if is_numeral t' then (linear_cmul (dest_numeral t') s') 
+     else raise COOPER ("Cooper Failed", TERM ("lint: not linear",[tm]))
+  end 
+ | _ => addC$(mulC$one$tm)$zero;
+
+fun lin (vs as x::_) (Const("Not",_)$(Const("Orderings.ord_class.less",T)$s$t)) = 
+    lin vs (Const("Orderings.ord_class.less_eq",T)$t$s)
+  | lin (vs as x::_) (Const("Not",_)$(Const("Orderings.ord_class.less_eq",T)$s$t)) = 
+    lin vs (Const("Orderings.ord_class.less",T)$t$s)
+  | lin vs (Const ("Not",T)$t) = Const ("Not",T)$ (lin vs t)
+  | lin (vs as x::_) (Const("Divides.dvd",_)$d$t) = 
+    HOLogic.mk_binrel "Divides.dvd" (numeral1 abs d, lint vs t)
+  | lin (vs as x::_) ((b as Const("op =",_))$s$t) = 
+     (case lint vs (subC$t$s) of 
+      (t as a$(m$c$y)$r) => 
+        if x <> y then b$zero$t
+        else if dest_numeral c < 0 then b$(m$(numeral1 ~ c)$y)$r
+        else b$(m$c$y)$(linear_neg r)
+      | t => b$zero$t)
+  | lin (vs as x::_) (b$s$t) = 
+     (case lint vs (subC$t$s) of 
+      (t as a$(m$c$y)$r) => 
+        if x <> y then b$zero$t
+        else if dest_numeral c < 0 then b$(m$(numeral1 ~ c)$y)$r
+        else b$(linear_neg r)$(m$c$y)
+      | t => b$zero$t)
+  | lin vs fm = fm;
+
+fun lint_conv ctxt vs ct = 
+let val t = term_of ct
+in (provelin ctxt ((HOLogic.eq_const iT)$t$(lint vs t) |> HOLogic.mk_Trueprop))
+             RS eq_reflection
+end;
+
+fun is_intrel (b$_$_) = domain_type (fastype_of b) = HOLogic.intT
+  | is_intrel (@{term "Not"}$(b$_$_)) = domain_type (fastype_of b) = HOLogic.intT
+  | is_intrel _ = false;
+ 
+fun linearize_conv ctxt vs ct =  
+ case (term_of ct) of 
+  Const("Divides.dvd",_)$d$t => 
+  let 
+    val th = binop_conv (lint_conv ctxt vs) ct
+    val (d',t') = Thm.dest_binop (Thm.rhs_of th)
+    val (dt',tt') = (term_of d', term_of t')
+  in if is_numeral dt' andalso is_numeral tt' 
+     then Conv.fconv_rule (arg_conv (Simplifier.rewrite presburger_ss)) th
+     else 
+     let 
+      val dth = 
+      ((if dest_numeral (term_of d') < 0 then 
+          Conv.fconv_rule (arg_conv (arg1_conv (lint_conv ctxt vs)))
+                           (Thm.transitive th (inst' [d',t'] dvd_uminus))
+        else th) handle TERM _ => th)
+      val d'' = Thm.rhs_of dth |> Thm.dest_arg1
+     in
+      case tt' of 
+        Const("HOL.plus_class.plus",_)$(Const("HOL.times_class.times",_)$c$_)$_ => 
+        let val x = dest_numeral c
+        in if x < 0 then Conv.fconv_rule (arg_conv (arg_conv (lint_conv ctxt vs)))
+                                       (Thm.transitive dth (inst' [d'',t'] dvd_uminus'))
+        else dth end
+      | _ => dth
+     end
+  end
+| Const("Not",_)$(Const("Divides.dvd",_)$_$_) => arg_conv (linearize_conv ctxt vs) ct
+| t => if is_intrel t 
+      then (provelin ctxt ((HOLogic.eq_const bT)$t$(lin vs t) |> HOLogic.mk_Trueprop))
+       RS eq_reflection
+      else reflexive ct;
+
+val dvdc = @{cterm "op dvd :: int => _"};
+
+fun unify ctxt q = 
+ let
+  val (e,(cx,p)) = q |> Thm.dest_comb ||> Thm.dest_abs NONE
+  val x = term_of cx 
+  val ins = insert (op = : int*int -> bool)
+  fun h (acc,dacc) t = 
+   case (term_of t) of
+    Const(s,_)$(Const("HOL.times_class.times",_)$c$y)$ _ => 
+    if x aconv y 
+       andalso s mem ["op =", "Orderings.ord_class.less", "Orderings.ord_class.less_eq"] 
+    then (ins (dest_numeral c) acc,dacc) else (acc,dacc)
+  | Const(s,_)$_$(Const("HOL.times_class.times",_)$c$y) => 
+    if x aconv y 
+       andalso s mem ["Orderings.ord_class.less", "Orderings.ord_class.less_eq"] 
+    then (ins (dest_numeral c) acc, dacc) else (acc,dacc)
+  | Const("Divides.dvd",_)$_$(Const("HOL.plus_class.plus",_)$(Const("HOL.times_class.times",_)$c$y)$_) => 
+    if x aconv y then (acc,ins (dest_numeral c) dacc) else (acc,dacc)
+  | Const("op &",_)$_$_ => h (h (acc,dacc) (Thm.dest_arg1 t)) (Thm.dest_arg t)
+  | Const("op |",_)$_$_ => h (h (acc,dacc) (Thm.dest_arg1 t)) (Thm.dest_arg t)
+  | Const("Not",_)$_ => h (acc,dacc) (Thm.dest_arg t)
+  | _ => (acc, dacc)
+  val (cs,ds) = h ([],[]) p
+  val l = fold (curry lcm) (cs union ds) 1
+  fun cv k ct = 
+    let val (tm as b$s$t) = term_of ct 
+    in ((HOLogic.eq_const bT)$tm$(b$(linear_cmul k s)$(linear_cmul k t))
+         |> HOLogic.mk_Trueprop |> provelin ctxt) RS eq_reflection end
+  fun nzprop x = 
+   let 
+    val th = 
+     Simplifier.rewrite lin_ss 
+      (Thm.capply @{cterm Trueprop} (Thm.capply @{cterm "Not"} 
+           (Thm.capply (Thm.capply @{cterm "op = :: int => _"} (mk_cnumber @{ctyp "int"} x)) 
+           @{cterm "0::int"})))
+   in equal_elim (Thm.symmetric th) TrueI end;
+  val notz = let val tab = fold Inttab.update 
+                               (ds ~~ (map (fn x => nzprop (l div x)) ds)) Inttab.empty 
+            in 
+             (fn ct => (valOf (Inttab.lookup tab (ct |> term_of |> dest_numeral)) 
+                handle Option => (writeln "noz: Theorems-Table contains no entry for"; 
+                                    print_cterm ct ; raise Option)))
+           end
+  fun unit_conv t = 
+   case (term_of t) of
+   Const("op &",_)$_$_ => binop_conv unit_conv t
+  | Const("op |",_)$_$_ => binop_conv unit_conv t
+  | Const("Not",_)$_ => arg_conv unit_conv t
+  | Const(s,_)$(Const("HOL.times_class.times",_)$c$y)$ _ => 
+    if x=y andalso s mem ["op =", "Orderings.ord_class.less", "Orderings.ord_class.less_eq"] 
+    then cv (l div (dest_numeral c)) t else Thm.reflexive t
+  | Const(s,_)$_$(Const("HOL.times_class.times",_)$c$y) => 
+    if x=y andalso s mem ["Orderings.ord_class.less", "Orderings.ord_class.less_eq"] 
+    then cv (l div (dest_numeral c)) t else Thm.reflexive t
+  | Const("Divides.dvd",_)$d$(r as (Const("HOL.plus_class.plus",_)$(Const("HOL.times_class.times",_)$c$y)$_)) => 
+    if x=y then 
+      let 
+       val k = l div (dest_numeral c)
+       val kt = HOLogic.mk_number iT k
+       val th1 = inst' [Thm.dest_arg1 t, Thm.dest_arg t] 
+             ((Thm.dest_arg t |> funpow 2 Thm.dest_arg1 |> notz) RS zdvd_mono)
+       val (d',t') = (mulC$kt$d, mulC$kt$r)
+       val thc = (provelin ctxt ((HOLogic.eq_const iT)$d'$(lint [] d') |> HOLogic.mk_Trueprop))
+                   RS eq_reflection
+       val tht = (provelin ctxt ((HOLogic.eq_const iT)$t'$(linear_cmul k r) |> HOLogic.mk_Trueprop))
+                 RS eq_reflection
+      in Thm.transitive th1 (Thm.combination (Drule.arg_cong_rule dvdc thc) tht) end                 
+    else Thm.reflexive t
+  | _ => Thm.reflexive t
+  val uth = unit_conv p
+  val clt =  mk_cnumber @{ctyp "int"} l
+  val ltx = Thm.capply (Thm.capply cmulC clt) cx
+  val th = Drule.arg_cong_rule e (Thm.abstract_rule (fst (dest_Free x )) cx uth)
+  val th' = inst' [Thm.cabs ltx (Thm.rhs_of uth), clt] unity_coeff_ex
+  val thf = transitive th 
+      (transitive (symmetric (beta_conversion true (cprop_of th' |> Thm.dest_arg1))) th')
+  val (lth,rth) = Thm.dest_comb (cprop_of thf) |>> Thm.dest_arg |>> Thm.beta_conversion true
+                  ||> beta_conversion true |>> Thm.symmetric
+ in transitive (transitive lth thf) rth end;
+
+
+val emptyIS = @{cterm "{}::int set"};
+val insert_tm = @{cterm "insert :: int => _"};
+val mem_tm = Const("op :",[iT , HOLogic.mk_setT iT] ---> bT);
+fun mkISet cts = fold_rev (Thm.capply insert_tm #> Thm.capply) cts emptyIS;
+val cTrp = @{cterm "Trueprop"};
+val eqelem_imp_imp = (thm"eqelem_imp_iff") RS iffD1;
+val [A_tm,B_tm] = map (fn th => cprop_of th |> funpow 2 Thm.dest_arg |> Thm.dest_abs NONE |> snd |> Thm.dest_arg1 |> Thm.dest_arg 
+                                      |> Thm.dest_abs NONE |> snd |> Thm.dest_fun |> Thm.dest_arg)
+                      [asetP,bsetP];
+
+val D_tm = @{cpat "?D::int"};
+
+val int_eq = (op =):int*int -> bool;
+fun cooperex_conv ctxt vs q = 
+let 
+
+ val uth = unify ctxt q
+ val (x,p) = Thm.dest_abs NONE (Thm.dest_arg (Thm.rhs_of uth))
+ val ins = insert (op aconvc)
+ fun h t (bacc,aacc,dacc) = 
+  case (whatis x t) of
+    And (p,q) => h q (h p (bacc,aacc,dacc))
+  | Or (p,q) => h q  (h p (bacc,aacc,dacc))
+  | Eq t => (ins (minus1 t) bacc, 
+             ins (plus1 t) aacc,dacc)
+  | NEq t => (ins t bacc, 
+              ins t aacc, dacc)
+  | Lt t => (bacc, ins t aacc, dacc)
+  | Le t => (bacc, ins (plus1 t) aacc,dacc)
+  | Gt t => (ins t bacc, aacc,dacc)
+  | Ge t => (ins (minus1 t) bacc, aacc,dacc)
+  | Dvd (d,s) => (bacc,aacc,insert int_eq (term_of d |> dest_numeral) dacc)
+  | NDvd (d,s) => (bacc,aacc,insert int_eq (term_of d|> dest_numeral) dacc)
+  | _ => (bacc, aacc, dacc)
+ val (b0,a0,ds) = h p ([],[],[])
+ val d = fold (curry lcm) ds 1
+ val cd = mk_cnumber @{ctyp "int"} d
+ val dt = term_of cd
+ fun divprop x = 
+   let 
+    val th = 
+     Simplifier.rewrite lin_ss 
+      (Thm.capply @{cterm Trueprop} 
+           (Thm.capply (Thm.capply dvdc (mk_cnumber @{ctyp "int"} x)) cd))
+   in equal_elim (Thm.symmetric th) TrueI end;
+ val dvd = let val tab = fold Inttab.update
+                               (ds ~~ (map divprop ds)) Inttab.empty in 
+           (fn ct => (valOf (Inttab.lookup tab (term_of ct |> dest_numeral)) 
+                    handle Option => (writeln "dvd: Theorems-Table contains no entry for"; 
+                                      print_cterm ct ; raise Option)))
+           end
+ val dp = 
+   let val th = Simplifier.rewrite lin_ss 
+      (Thm.capply @{cterm Trueprop} 
+           (Thm.capply (Thm.capply @{cterm "op < :: int => _"} @{cterm "0::int"}) cd))
+   in equal_elim (Thm.symmetric th) TrueI end;
+    (* A and B set *)
+   local 
+     val insI1 = instantiate' [SOME @{ctyp "int"}] [] @{thm "insertI1"}
+     val insI2 = instantiate' [SOME @{ctyp "int"}] [] @{thm "insertI2"}
+   in
+    fun provein x S = 
+     case term_of S of
+        Const("{}",_) => error "Unexpected error in Cooper please email Amine Chaieb"
+      | Const("insert",_)$y$_ => 
+         let val (cy,S') = Thm.dest_binop S
+         in if term_of x aconv y then instantiate' [] [SOME x, SOME S'] insI1
+         else implies_elim (instantiate' [] [SOME x, SOME S', SOME cy] insI2) 
+                           (provein x S')
+         end
+   end
+ 
+ val al = map (lint vs o term_of) a0
+ val bl = map (lint vs o term_of) b0
+ val (sl,s0,f,abths,cpth) = 
+   if length (distinct (op aconv) bl) <= length (distinct (op aconv) al) 
+   then  
+    (bl,b0,decomp_minf,
+     fn B => (map (fn th => implies_elim (Thm.instantiate ([],[(B_tm,B), (D_tm,cd)]) th) dp) 
+                     [bseteq,bsetneq,bsetlt, bsetle, bsetgt,bsetge])@
+                   (map (Thm.instantiate ([],[(B_tm,B), (D_tm,cd)])) 
+                        [bsetdvd,bsetndvd,bsetP,infDdvd, infDndvd,bsetconj,
+                         bsetdisj,infDconj, infDdisj]),
+                       cpmi) 
+     else (al,a0,decomp_pinf,fn A => 
+          (map (fn th => implies_elim (Thm.instantiate ([],[(A_tm,A), (D_tm,cd)]) th) dp)
+                   [aseteq,asetneq,asetlt, asetle, asetgt,asetge])@
+                   (map (Thm.instantiate ([],[(A_tm,A), (D_tm,cd)])) 
+                   [asetdvd,asetndvd, asetP, infDdvd, infDndvd,asetconj,
+                         asetdisj,infDconj, infDdisj]),cppi)
+ val cpth = 
+  let
+   val sths = map (fn (tl,t0) => 
+                      if tl = term_of t0 
+                      then instantiate' [SOME @{ctyp "int"}] [SOME t0] refl
+                      else provelin ctxt ((HOLogic.eq_const iT)$tl$(term_of t0) 
+                                 |> HOLogic.mk_Trueprop)) 
+                   (sl ~~ s0)
+   val csl = distinct (op aconvc) (map (cprop_of #> Thm.dest_arg #> Thm.dest_arg1) sths)
+   val S = mkISet csl
+   val inStab = fold (fn ct => fn tab => Termtab.update (term_of ct, provein ct S) tab) 
+                    csl Termtab.empty
+   val eqelem_th = instantiate' [SOME @{ctyp "int"}] [NONE,NONE, SOME S] eqelem_imp_imp
+   val inS = 
+     let 
+      fun transmem th0 th1 = 
+       Thm.equal_elim 
+        (Drule.arg_cong_rule cTrp (Drule.fun_cong_rule (Drule.arg_cong_rule 
+               ((Thm.dest_fun o Thm.dest_fun o Thm.dest_arg o cprop_of) th1) th0) S)) th1
+      val tab = fold Termtab.update
+        (map (fn eq => 
+                let val (s,t) = cprop_of eq |> Thm.dest_arg |> Thm.dest_binop 
+                    val th = if term_of s = term_of t 
+                             then valOf(Termtab.lookup inStab (term_of s))
+                             else FWD (instantiate' [] [SOME s, SOME t] eqelem_th) 
+                                [eq, valOf(Termtab.lookup inStab (term_of s))]
+                 in (term_of t, th) end)
+                  sths) Termtab.empty
+        in fn ct => 
+          (valOf (Termtab.lookup tab (term_of ct))
+           handle Option => (writeln "inS: No theorem for " ; print_cterm ct ; raise Option))
+        end
+       val (inf, nb, pd) = divide_and_conquer (f x dvd inS (abths S)) p
+   in [dp, inf, nb, pd] MRS cpth
+   end
+ val cpth' = Thm.transitive uth (cpth RS eq_reflection)
+in Thm.transitive cpth' ((simp_thms_conv then_conv eval_conv) (Thm.rhs_of cpth'))
+end;
+
+fun literals_conv bops uops env cv = 
+ let fun h t =
+  case (term_of t) of 
+   b$_$_ => if member (op aconv) bops b then binop_conv h t else cv env t
+ | u$_ => if member (op aconv) uops u then arg_conv h t else cv env t
+ | _ => cv env t
+ in h end;
+
+fun integer_nnf_conv ctxt env =
+ nnf_conv then_conv literals_conv [HOLogic.conj, HOLogic.disj] [] env (linearize_conv ctxt);
+
+(* val my_term = ref (@{cterm "NOTHING"}); *)
+local
+ val pcv = Simplifier.rewrite 
+     (HOL_basic_ss addsimps (simp_thms @ (List.take(ex_simps,4)) 
+                      @ [not_all,all_not_ex, ex_disj_distrib]))
+ val postcv = Simplifier.rewrite presburger_ss
+ fun conv ctxt p = 
+  let val _ = () (* my_term := p *)
+  in
+   Qelim.gen_qelim_conv pcv postcv pcv (cons o term_of) 
+      (term_frees (term_of p)) (linearize_conv ctxt) (integer_nnf_conv ctxt) 
+      (cooperex_conv ctxt) p 
+  end
+  handle  CTERM s => raise COOPER ("Cooper Failed", CTERM s)
+        | THM s => raise COOPER ("Cooper Failed", THM s) 
+in val cooper_conv = conv 
+end;
+end;
+
+
+
+structure Coopereif =
+struct
+
+open GeneratedCooper;
+fun cooper s = raise Cooper.COOPER ("Cooper Oracle Failed", ERROR s);
+fun i_of_term vs t = 
+    case t of
+	Free(xn,xT) => (case AList.lookup (op aconv) vs t of 
+			   NONE   => cooper "Variable not found in the list!!"
+			 | SOME n => Bound n)
+      | @{term "0::int"} => C 0
+      | @{term "1::int"} => C 1
+      | Term.Bound i => Bound i
+      | Const(@{const_name "HOL.uminus"},_)$t' => Neg (i_of_term vs t')
+      | Const(@{const_name "HOL.plus"},_)$t1$t2 => Add (i_of_term vs t1,i_of_term vs t2)
+      | Const(@{const_name "HOL.minus"},_)$t1$t2 => Sub (i_of_term vs t1,i_of_term vs t2)
+      | Const(@{const_name "HOL.times"},_)$t1$t2 => 
+	     (Mul (HOLogic.dest_number t1 |> snd,i_of_term vs t2)
+        handle TERM _ => 
+           (Mul (HOLogic.dest_number t2 |> snd,i_of_term vs t1)
+            handle TERM _ => cooper "i_of_term: Unsupported kind of multiplication"))
+      | _ => (C (HOLogic.dest_number t |> snd) 
+               handle TERM _ => cooper "i_of_term: unknown term");
+	
+fun qf_of_term ps vs t = 
+    case t of 
+	Const("True",_) => T
+      | Const("False",_) => F
+      | Const(@{const_name "Orderings.less"},_)$t1$t2 => Lt (Sub (i_of_term vs t1,i_of_term vs t2))
+      | Const(@{const_name "Orderings.less_eq"},_)$t1$t2 => Le (Sub(i_of_term vs t1,i_of_term vs t2))
+      | Const(@{const_name "Divides.dvd"},_)$t1$t2 => 
+	(Dvd(HOLogic.dest_number t1 |> snd, i_of_term vs t2) handle _ => cooper "qf_of_term: unsupported dvd")
+      | @{term "op = :: int => _"}$t1$t2 => Eq (Sub (i_of_term vs t1,i_of_term vs t2))
+      | @{term "op = :: bool => _ "}$t1$t2 => Iff(qf_of_term ps vs t1,qf_of_term ps vs t2)
+      | Const("op &",_)$t1$t2 => And(qf_of_term ps vs t1,qf_of_term ps vs t2)
+      | Const("op |",_)$t1$t2 => Or(qf_of_term ps vs t1,qf_of_term ps vs t2)
+      | Const("op -->",_)$t1$t2 => Imp(qf_of_term ps vs t1,qf_of_term ps vs t2)
+      | Const("Not",_)$t' => NOT(qf_of_term ps vs t')
+      | Const("Ex",_)$Abs(xn,xT,p) => 
+         let val (xn',p') = variant_abs (xn,xT,p)
+             val vs' = (Free (xn',xT), nat 0) :: (map (fn(v,n) => (v,1+ n)) vs)
+         in E (qf_of_term ps vs' p')
+         end
+      | Const("All",_)$Abs(xn,xT,p) => 
+         let val (xn',p') = variant_abs (xn,xT,p)
+             val vs' = (Free (xn',xT), nat 0) :: (map (fn(v,n) => (v,1+ n)) vs)
+         in A (qf_of_term ps vs' p')
+         end
+      | _ =>(case AList.lookup (op aconv) ps t of 
+               NONE => cooper "qf_of_term ps : unknown term!"
+             | SOME n => Closed n);
+
+local
+ val ops = [@{term "op &"}, @{term "op |"}, @{term "op -->"}, @{term "op = :: bool => _"},
+             @{term "op = :: int => _"}, @{term "op < :: int => _"}, 
+             @{term "op <= :: int => _"}, @{term "Not"}, @{term "All:: (int => _) => _"}, 
+             @{term "Ex:: (int => _) => _"}, @{term "True"}, @{term "False"}]
+fun ty t = Bool.not (fastype_of t = HOLogic.boolT)
+in
+fun term_bools acc t =
+case t of 
+    (l as f $ a) $ b => if ty t orelse f mem ops then term_bools (term_bools acc l)b 
+            else insert (op aconv) t acc
+  | f $ a => if ty t orelse f mem ops then term_bools (term_bools acc f) a  
+            else insert (op aconv) t acc
+  | Abs p => term_bools acc (snd (variant_abs p))
+  | _ => if ty t orelse t mem ops then acc else insert (op aconv) t acc
+end;
+ 
+
+fun start_vs t =
+let
+ val fs = term_frees t
+ val ps = term_bools [] t
+in (fs ~~ (0 upto  (length fs - 1)), ps ~~ (0 upto  (length ps - 1)))
+end ;
+
+val iT = HOLogic.intT;
+val bT = HOLogic.boolT;
+fun myassoc2 l v =
+    case l of
+	[] => NONE
+      | (x,v')::xs => if v = v' then SOME x
+		      else myassoc2 xs v;
+
+fun term_of_i vs t =
+    case t of 
+	C i => HOLogic.mk_number HOLogic.intT i
+      | Bound n => valOf (myassoc2 vs n)
+      | Neg t' => @{term "uminus :: int => _"}$(term_of_i vs t')
+      | Add(t1,t2) => @{term "op +:: int => _"}$ (term_of_i vs t1)$(term_of_i vs t2)
+      | Sub(t1,t2) => Const(@{const_name "HOL.minus"},[iT,iT] ---> iT)$
+			   (term_of_i vs t1)$(term_of_i vs t2)
+      | Mul(i,t2) => Const(@{const_name "HOL.times"},[iT,iT] ---> iT)$
+			   (HOLogic.mk_number HOLogic.intT i)$(term_of_i vs t2)
+      | CX(i,t')=> term_of_i vs (Add(Mul (i,Bound (nat 0)),t'));
+
+fun term_of_qf ps vs t = 
+ case t of 
+   T => HOLogic.true_const 
+ | F => HOLogic.false_const
+ | Lt t' => @{term "op < :: int => _ "}$ term_of_i vs t'$ @{term "0::int"}
+ | Le t' => @{term "op <= :: int => _ "}$ term_of_i vs t' $ @{term "0::int"}
+ | Gt t' => @{term "op < :: int => _ "}$ @{term "0::int"}$ term_of_i vs t'
+ | Ge t' => @{term "op <= :: int => _ "}$ @{term "0::int"}$ term_of_i vs t'
+ | Eq t' => @{term "op = :: int => _ "}$ term_of_i vs t'$ @{term "0::int"}
+ | NEq t' => term_of_qf ps vs (NOT(Eq t'))
+ | Dvd(i,t') => @{term "op dvd :: int => _ "}$ 
+                 (HOLogic.mk_number HOLogic.intT i)$(term_of_i vs t')
+ | NDvd(i,t')=> term_of_qf ps vs (NOT(Dvd(i,t')))
+ | NOT t' => HOLogic.Not$(term_of_qf ps vs t')
+ | And(t1,t2) => HOLogic.conj$(term_of_qf ps vs t1)$(term_of_qf ps vs t2)
+ | Or(t1,t2) => HOLogic.disj$(term_of_qf ps vs t1)$(term_of_qf ps vs t2)
+ | Imp(t1,t2) => HOLogic.imp$(term_of_qf ps vs t1)$(term_of_qf ps vs t2)
+ | Iff(t1,t2) => (HOLogic.eq_const bT)$(term_of_qf ps vs t1)$ (term_of_qf ps vs t2)
+ | Closed n => valOf (myassoc2 ps n)
+ | NClosed n => term_of_qf ps vs (NOT (Closed n))
+ | _ => cooper "If this is raised, Isabelle/HOL or generate_code is inconsistent!";
+
+(* The oracle *)
+fun cooper_oracle thy t = 
+    let val (vs,ps) = start_vs t
+    in (equals propT) $ (HOLogic.mk_Trueprop t) $ 
+            (HOLogic.mk_Trueprop (term_of_qf ps vs (pa (qf_of_term ps vs t))))
+    end;
+
+end;
\ No newline at end of file