doc-src/IsarRef/Thy/Inner_Syntax.thy
author wenzelm
Thu, 29 Apr 2010 17:47:53 +0200
changeset 36508 03d2a2d0ee4a
parent 35413 4c7cba1f7ce9
child 36745 403585a89772
permissions -rw-r--r--
allow concrete syntax for local entities within a proof body, either via regular mixfix annotations to 'fix' etc. or the separate 'write' command;
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theory Inner_Syntax
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imports Main
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begin
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chapter {* Inner syntax --- the term language \label{ch:inner-syntax} *}
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section {* Printing logical entities *}
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subsection {* Diagnostic commands *}
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text {*
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  \begin{matharray}{rcl}
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    @{command_def "typ"}@{text "\<^sup>*"} & : & @{text "context \<rightarrow>"} \\
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    @{command_def "term"}@{text "\<^sup>*"} & : & @{text "context \<rightarrow>"} \\
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    @{command_def "prop"}@{text "\<^sup>*"} & : & @{text "context \<rightarrow>"} \\
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    @{command_def "thm"}@{text "\<^sup>*"} & : & @{text "context \<rightarrow>"} \\
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    @{command_def "prf"}@{text "\<^sup>*"} & : & @{text "context \<rightarrow>"} \\
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    @{command_def "full_prf"}@{text "\<^sup>*"} & : & @{text "context \<rightarrow>"} \\
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    @{command_def "pr"}@{text "\<^sup>*"} & : & @{text "any \<rightarrow>"} \\
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  \end{matharray}
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  These diagnostic commands assist interactive development by printing
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  internal logical entities in a human-readable fashion.
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  \begin{rail}
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    'typ' modes? type
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    ;
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    'term' modes? term
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    ;
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    'prop' modes? prop
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    ;
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    'thm' modes? thmrefs
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    ;
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    ( 'prf' | 'full\_prf' ) modes? thmrefs?
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    ;
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    'pr' modes? nat? (',' nat)?
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    ;
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    modes: '(' (name + ) ')'
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    ;
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  \end{rail}
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  \begin{description}
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  \item @{command "typ"}~@{text \<tau>} reads and prints types of the
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  meta-logic according to the current theory or proof context.
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  \item @{command "term"}~@{text t} and @{command "prop"}~@{text \<phi>}
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  read, type-check and print terms or propositions according to the
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  current theory or proof context; the inferred type of @{text t} is
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  output as well.  Note that these commands are also useful in
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  inspecting the current environment of term abbreviations.
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  \item @{command "thm"}~@{text "a\<^sub>1 \<dots> a\<^sub>n"} retrieves
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  theorems from the current theory or proof context.  Note that any
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  attributes included in the theorem specifications are applied to a
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  temporary context derived from the current theory or proof; the
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  result is discarded, i.e.\ attributes involved in @{text "a\<^sub>1,
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  \<dots>, a\<^sub>n"} do not have any permanent effect.
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  \item @{command "prf"} displays the (compact) proof term of the
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  current proof state (if present), or of the given theorems. Note
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  that this requires proof terms to be switched on for the current
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  object logic (see the ``Proof terms'' section of the Isabelle
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  reference manual for information on how to do this).
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  \item @{command "full_prf"} is like @{command "prf"}, but displays
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  the full proof term, i.e.\ also displays information omitted in the
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  compact proof term, which is denoted by ``@{text _}'' placeholders
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  there.
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  \item @{command "pr"}~@{text "goals, prems"} prints the current
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  proof state (if present), including the proof context, current facts
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  and goals.  The optional limit arguments affect the number of goals
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  and premises to be displayed, which is initially 10 for both.
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  Omitting limit values leaves the current setting unchanged.
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  \end{description}
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  All of the diagnostic commands above admit a list of @{text modes}
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  to be specified, which is appended to the current print mode (see
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  also \cite{isabelle-ref}).  Thus the output behavior may be modified
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  according particular print mode features.  For example, @{command
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  "pr"}~@{text "(latex xsymbols)"} would print the current proof state
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  with mathematical symbols and special characters represented in
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  {\LaTeX} source, according to the Isabelle style
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  \cite{isabelle-sys}.
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  Note that antiquotations (cf.\ \secref{sec:antiq}) provide a more
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  systematic way to include formal items into the printed text
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  document.
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*}
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subsection {* Details of printed content *}
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text {*
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  \begin{mldecls} 
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    @{index_ML show_types: "bool Unsynchronized.ref"} & default @{ML false} \\
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    @{index_ML show_sorts: "bool Unsynchronized.ref"} & default @{ML false} \\
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    @{index_ML show_consts: "bool Unsynchronized.ref"} & default @{ML false} \\
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    @{index_ML long_names: "bool Unsynchronized.ref"} & default @{ML false} \\
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    @{index_ML short_names: "bool Unsynchronized.ref"} & default @{ML false} \\
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    @{index_ML unique_names: "bool Unsynchronized.ref"} & default @{ML true} \\
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    @{index_ML show_brackets: "bool Unsynchronized.ref"} & default @{ML false} \\
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    @{index_ML eta_contract: "bool Unsynchronized.ref"} & default @{ML true} \\
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    @{index_ML goals_limit: "int Unsynchronized.ref"} & default @{ML 10} \\
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    @{index_ML Proof.show_main_goal: "bool Unsynchronized.ref"} & default @{ML false} \\
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    @{index_ML show_hyps: "bool Unsynchronized.ref"} & default @{ML false} \\
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    @{index_ML show_tags: "bool Unsynchronized.ref"} & default @{ML false} \\
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    @{index_ML show_question_marks: "bool Unsynchronized.ref"} & default @{ML true} \\
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  \end{mldecls}
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  These global ML variables control the detail of information that is
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  displayed for types, terms, theorems, goals etc.
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  In interactive sessions, the user interface usually manages these
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  global parameters of the Isabelle process, even with some concept of
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  persistence.  Nonetheless it is occasionally useful to manipulate ML
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  variables directly, e.g.\ using @{command "ML_val"} or @{command
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  "ML_command"}.
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  Batch-mode logic sessions may be configured by putting appropriate
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  ML text directly into the @{verbatim ROOT.ML} file.
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  \begin{description}
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  \item @{ML show_types} and @{ML show_sorts} control printing of type
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  constraints for term variables, and sort constraints for type
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  variables.  By default, neither of these are shown in output.  If
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  @{ML show_sorts} is set to @{ML true}, types are always shown as
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  well.
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  Note that displaying types and sorts may explain why a polymorphic
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  inference rule fails to resolve with some goal, or why a rewrite
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  rule does not apply as expected.
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  \item @{ML show_consts} controls printing of types of constants when
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  displaying a goal state.
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  Note that the output can be enormous, because polymorphic constants
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  often occur at several different type instances.
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  \item @{ML long_names}, @{ML short_names}, and @{ML unique_names}
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  control the way of printing fully qualified internal names in
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  external form.  See also \secref{sec:antiq} for the document
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  antiquotation options of the same names.
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  \item @{ML show_brackets} controls bracketing in pretty printed
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  output.  If set to @{ML true}, all sub-expressions of the pretty
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  printing tree will be parenthesized, even if this produces malformed
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  term syntax!  This crude way of showing the internal structure of
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  pretty printed entities may occasionally help to diagnose problems
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  with operator priorities, for example.
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  \item @{ML eta_contract} controls @{text "\<eta>"}-contracted printing of
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  terms.
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  The @{text \<eta>}-contraction law asserts @{prop "(\<lambda>x. f x) \<equiv> f"},
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  provided @{text x} is not free in @{text f}.  It asserts
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  \emph{extensionality} of functions: @{prop "f \<equiv> g"} if @{prop "f x \<equiv>
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  g x"} for all @{text x}.  Higher-order unification frequently puts
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  terms into a fully @{text \<eta>}-expanded form.  For example, if @{text
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  F} has type @{text "(\<tau> \<Rightarrow> \<tau>) \<Rightarrow> \<tau>"} then its expanded form is @{term
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  "\<lambda>h. F (\<lambda>x. h x)"}.
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  Setting @{ML eta_contract} makes Isabelle perform @{text
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  \<eta>}-contractions before printing, so that @{term "\<lambda>h. F (\<lambda>x. h x)"}
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  appears simply as @{text F}.
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  Note that the distinction between a term and its @{text \<eta>}-expanded
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  form occasionally matters.  While higher-order resolution and
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  rewriting operate modulo @{text "\<alpha>\<beta>\<eta>"}-conversion, some other tools
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  might look at terms more discretely.
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  \item @{ML goals_limit} controls the maximum number of subgoals to
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  be shown in goal output.
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  \item @{ML Proof.show_main_goal} controls whether the main result to
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  be proven should be displayed.  This information might be relevant
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  for schematic goals, to inspect the current claim that has been
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  synthesized so far.
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  \item @{ML show_hyps} controls printing of implicit hypotheses of
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  local facts.  Normally, only those hypotheses are displayed that are
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  \emph{not} covered by the assumptions of the current context: this
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  situation indicates a fault in some tool being used.
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  By setting @{ML show_hyps} to @{ML true}, output of \emph{all}
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  hypotheses can be enforced, which is occasionally useful for
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  diagnostic purposes.
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  \item @{ML show_tags} controls printing of extra annotations within
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  theorems, such as internal position information, or the case names
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  being attached by the attribute @{attribute case_names}.
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  Note that the @{attribute tagged} and @{attribute untagged}
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  attributes provide low-level access to the collection of tags
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  associated with a theorem.
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  \item @{ML show_question_marks} controls printing of question marks
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  for schematic variables, such as @{text ?x}.  Only the leading
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  question mark is affected, the remaining text is unchanged
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  (including proper markup for schematic variables that might be
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  relevant for user interfaces).
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  \end{description}
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*}
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subsection {* Printing limits *}
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text {*
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  \begin{mldecls}
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    @{index_ML Pretty.setdepth: "int -> unit"} \\
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    @{index_ML Pretty.setmargin: "int -> unit"} \\
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    @{index_ML print_depth: "int -> unit"} \\
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  \end{mldecls}
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  These ML functions set limits for pretty printed text.
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  \begin{description}
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  \item @{ML Pretty.setdepth}~@{text d} tells the pretty printer to
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  limit the printing depth to @{text d}.  This affects the display of
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  types, terms, theorems etc.  The default value is 0, which permits
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  printing to an arbitrary depth.  Other useful values for @{text d}
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  are 10 and 20.
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  \item @{ML Pretty.setmargin}~@{text m} tells the pretty printer to
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  assume a right margin (page width) of @{text m}.  The initial margin
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  is 76, but user interfaces might adapt the margin automatically when
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  resizing windows.
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  \item @{ML print_depth}~@{text n} limits the printing depth of the
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  ML toplevel pretty printer; the precise effect depends on the ML
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  compiler and run-time system.  Typically @{text n} should be less
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  than 10.  Bigger values such as 100--1000 are useful for debugging.
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  \end{description}
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*}
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section {* Mixfix annotations *}
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text {* Mixfix annotations specify concrete \emph{inner syntax} of
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  Isabelle types and terms.  Locally fixed parameters in toplevel
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  theorem statements, locale specifications etc.\ also admit mixfix
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  annotations.
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  \indexouternonterm{infix}\indexouternonterm{mixfix}\indexouternonterm{structmixfix}
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  \begin{rail}
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    infix: '(' ('infix' | 'infixl' | 'infixr') string nat ')'
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    ;
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    mixfix: infix | '(' string prios? nat? ')' | '(' 'binder' string prios? nat ')'
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    ;
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    structmixfix: mixfix | '(' 'structure' ')'
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    ;
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    prios: '[' (nat + ',') ']'
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    ;
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  \end{rail}
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  Here the \railtok{string} specifications refer to the actual mixfix
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  template, which may include literal text, spacing, blocks, and
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  arguments (denoted by ``@{text _}''); the special symbol
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  ``@{verbatim "\<index>"}'' (printed as ``@{text "\<index>"}'') represents an index
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  argument that specifies an implicit structure reference (see also
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  \secref{sec:locale}).  Infix and binder declarations provide common
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  abbreviations for particular mixfix declarations.  So in practice,
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  mixfix templates mostly degenerate to literal text for concrete
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  syntax, such as ``@{verbatim "++"}'' for an infix symbol.
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  \medskip In full generality, mixfix declarations work as follows.
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  Suppose a constant @{text "c :: \<tau>\<^sub>1 \<Rightarrow> \<dots> \<tau>\<^sub>n \<Rightarrow> \<tau>"} is
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  annotated by @{text "(mixfix [p\<^sub>1, \<dots>, p\<^sub>n] p)"}, where @{text
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  "mixfix"} is a string @{text "d\<^sub>0 _ d\<^sub>1 _ \<dots> _ d\<^sub>n"} consisting of
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  delimiters that surround argument positions as indicated by
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  underscores.
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  Altogether this determines a production for a context-free priority
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  grammar, where for each argument @{text "i"} the syntactic category
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  is determined by @{text "\<tau>\<^sub>i"} (with priority @{text "p\<^sub>i"}), and
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  the result category is determined from @{text "\<tau>"} (with
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  priority @{text "p"}).  Priority specifications are optional, with
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  default 0 for arguments and 1000 for the result.
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  Since @{text "\<tau>"} may be again a function type, the constant
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  type scheme may have more argument positions than the mixfix
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  pattern.  Printing a nested application @{text "c t\<^sub>1 \<dots> t\<^sub>m"} for
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  @{text "m > n"} works by attaching concrete notation only to the
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  innermost part, essentially by printing @{text "(c t\<^sub>1 \<dots> t\<^sub>n) \<dots> t\<^sub>m"}
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  instead.  If a term has fewer arguments than specified in the mixfix
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  template, the concrete syntax is ignored.
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  \medskip A mixfix template may also contain additional directives
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  for pretty printing, notably spaces, blocks, and breaks.  The
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  general template format is a sequence over any of the following
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  entities.
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  \begin{description}
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  \item @{text "d"} is a delimiter, namely a non-empty sequence of
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  characters other than the following special characters:
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  \smallskip
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  \begin{tabular}{ll}
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    @{verbatim "'"} & single quote \\
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    @{verbatim "_"} & underscore \\
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    @{text "\<index>"} & index symbol \\
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    @{verbatim "("} & open parenthesis \\
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    @{verbatim ")"} & close parenthesis \\
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    @{verbatim "/"} & slash \\
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  \end{tabular}
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  \medskip
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  \item @{verbatim "'"} escapes the special meaning of these
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  meta-characters, producing a literal version of the following
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  character, unless that is a blank.
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   321
  A single quote followed by a blank separates delimiters, without
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  affecting printing, but input tokens may have additional white space
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  here.
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   325
  \item @{verbatim "_"} is an argument position, which stands for a
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  certain syntactic category in the underlying grammar.
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  \item @{text "\<index>"} is an indexed argument position; this is the place
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  where implicit structure arguments can be attached.
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   331
  \item @{text "s"} is a non-empty sequence of spaces for printing.
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  This and the following specifications do not affect parsing at all.
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   334
  \item @{verbatim "("}@{text n} opens a pretty printing block.  The
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   335
  optional number specifies how much indentation to add when a line
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  break occurs within the block.  If the parenthesis is not followed
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  by digits, the indentation defaults to 0.  A block specified via
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   338
  @{verbatim "(00"} is unbreakable.
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   340
  \item @{verbatim ")"} closes a pretty printing block.
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  \item @{verbatim "//"} forces a line break.
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  \item @{verbatim "/"}@{text s} allows a line break.  Here @{text s}
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   345
  stands for the string of spaces (zero or more) right after the
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   346
  slash.  These spaces are printed if the break is \emph{not} taken.
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   348
  \end{description}
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   349
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   350
  For example, the template @{verbatim "(_ +/ _)"} specifies an infix
4510201c6aaf mixfix annotations: verbatim for special symbols;
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   351
  operator.  There are two argument positions; the delimiter
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   352
  @{verbatim "+"} is preceded by a space and followed by a space or
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   353
  line break; the entire phrase is a pretty printing block.
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   354
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diff changeset
   355
  The general idea of pretty printing with blocks and breaks is also
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   356
  described in \cite{paulson-ml2}.
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   357
*}
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   358
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   359
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   360
section {* Explicit notation *}
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   361
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   362
text {*
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   363
  \begin{matharray}{rcll}
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diff changeset
   364
    @{command_def "type_notation"} & : & @{text "local_theory \<rightarrow> local_theory"} \\
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diff changeset
   365
    @{command_def "no_type_notation"} & : & @{text "local_theory \<rightarrow> local_theory"} \\
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   366
    @{command_def "notation"} & : & @{text "local_theory \<rightarrow> local_theory"} \\
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   367
    @{command_def "no_notation"} & : & @{text "local_theory \<rightarrow> local_theory"} \\
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   368
    @{command_def "write"} & : & @{text "proof(state) \<rightarrow> proof(state)"} \\
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   369
  \end{matharray}
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   370
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   371
  \begin{rail}
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   372
    ('type\_notation' | 'no\_type\_notation') target? mode? \\ (nameref mixfix + 'and')
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   373
    ;
29741
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   374
    ('notation' | 'no\_notation') target? mode? \\ (nameref structmixfix + 'and')
28762
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   375
    ;
36508
03d2a2d0ee4a allow concrete syntax for local entities within a proof body, either via regular mixfix annotations to 'fix' etc. or the separate 'write' command;
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   376
    'write' mode? (nameref structmixfix + 'and')
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   377
    ;
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   378
  \end{rail}
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   379
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
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diff changeset
   380
  \begin{description}
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diff changeset
   381
35413
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diff changeset
   382
  \item @{command "type_notation"}~@{text "c (mx)"} associates mixfix
4c7cba1f7ce9 added type_notation command;
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diff changeset
   383
  syntax with an existing type constructor.  The arity of the
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diff changeset
   384
  constructor is retrieved from the context.
4c7cba1f7ce9 added type_notation command;
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diff changeset
   385
  
4c7cba1f7ce9 added type_notation command;
wenzelm
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diff changeset
   386
  \item @{command "no_type_notation"} is similar to @{command
4c7cba1f7ce9 added type_notation command;
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diff changeset
   387
  "type_notation"}, but removes the specified syntax annotation from
4c7cba1f7ce9 added type_notation command;
wenzelm
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diff changeset
   388
  the present context.
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diff changeset
   389
28762
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diff changeset
   390
  \item @{command "notation"}~@{text "c (mx)"} associates mixfix
35413
4c7cba1f7ce9 added type_notation command;
wenzelm
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diff changeset
   391
  syntax with an existing constant or fixed variable.  The type
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diff changeset
   392
  declaration of the given entity is retrieved from the context.
28762
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diff changeset
   393
  
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
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diff changeset
   394
  \item @{command "no_notation"} is similar to @{command "notation"},
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
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diff changeset
   395
  but removes the specified syntax annotation from the present
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   396
  context.
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
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diff changeset
   397
36508
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wenzelm
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diff changeset
   398
  \item @{command "write"} is similar to @{command "notation"}, but
03d2a2d0ee4a allow concrete syntax for local entities within a proof body, either via regular mixfix annotations to 'fix' etc. or the separate 'write' command;
wenzelm
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diff changeset
   399
  works within an Isar proof body.
03d2a2d0ee4a allow concrete syntax for local entities within a proof body, either via regular mixfix annotations to 'fix' etc. or the separate 'write' command;
wenzelm
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diff changeset
   400
28762
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
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diff changeset
   401
  \end{description}
35413
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diff changeset
   402
36508
03d2a2d0ee4a allow concrete syntax for local entities within a proof body, either via regular mixfix annotations to 'fix' etc. or the separate 'write' command;
wenzelm
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diff changeset
   403
  Note that the more primitive commands @{command "syntax"} and
03d2a2d0ee4a allow concrete syntax for local entities within a proof body, either via regular mixfix annotations to 'fix' etc. or the separate 'write' command;
wenzelm
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diff changeset
   404
  @{command "no_syntax"} (\secref{sec:syn-trans}) provide raw access
03d2a2d0ee4a allow concrete syntax for local entities within a proof body, either via regular mixfix annotations to 'fix' etc. or the separate 'write' command;
wenzelm
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diff changeset
   405
  to the syntax tables of a global theory.
28762
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diff changeset
   406
*}
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
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diff changeset
   407
28778
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diff changeset
   408
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
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diff changeset
   409
section {* The Pure syntax \label{sec:pure-syntax} *}
28769
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
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diff changeset
   410
28777
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wenzelm
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diff changeset
   411
subsection {* Priority grammars \label{sec:priority-grammar} *}
28769
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
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diff changeset
   412
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
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diff changeset
   413
text {* A context-free grammar consists of a set of \emph{terminal
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
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diff changeset
   414
  symbols}, a set of \emph{nonterminal symbols} and a set of
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   415
  \emph{productions}.  Productions have the form @{text "A = \<gamma>"},
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   416
  where @{text A} is a nonterminal and @{text \<gamma>} is a string of
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   417
  terminals and nonterminals.  One designated nonterminal is called
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   418
  the \emph{root symbol}.  The language defined by the grammar
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   419
  consists of all strings of terminals that can be derived from the
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   420
  root symbol by applying productions as rewrite rules.
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   421
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   422
  The standard Isabelle parser for inner syntax uses a \emph{priority
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   423
  grammar}.  Each nonterminal is decorated by an integer priority:
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
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diff changeset
   424
  @{text "A\<^sup>(\<^sup>p\<^sup>)"}.  In a derivation, @{text "A\<^sup>(\<^sup>p\<^sup>)"} may be rewritten
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   425
  using a production @{text "A\<^sup>(\<^sup>q\<^sup>) = \<gamma>"} only if @{text "p \<le> q"}.  Any
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   426
  priority grammar can be translated into a normal context-free
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   427
  grammar by introducing new nonterminals and productions.
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   428
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   429
  \medskip Formally, a set of context free productions @{text G}
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   430
  induces a derivation relation @{text "\<longrightarrow>\<^sub>G"} as follows.  Let @{text
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
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diff changeset
   431
  \<alpha>} and @{text \<beta>} denote strings of terminal or nonterminal symbols.
28774
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wenzelm
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diff changeset
   432
  Then @{text "\<alpha> A\<^sup>(\<^sup>p\<^sup>) \<beta> \<longrightarrow>\<^sub>G \<alpha> \<gamma> \<beta>"} holds if and only if @{text G}
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
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diff changeset
   433
  contains some production @{text "A\<^sup>(\<^sup>q\<^sup>) = \<gamma>"} for @{text "p \<le> q"}.
28769
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
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diff changeset
   434
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
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diff changeset
   435
  \medskip The following grammar for arithmetic expressions
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   436
  demonstrates how binding power and associativity of operators can be
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   437
  enforced by priorities.
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   438
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   439
  \begin{center}
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   440
  \begin{tabular}{rclr}
28774
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wenzelm
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diff changeset
   441
  @{text "A\<^sup>(\<^sup>1\<^sup>0\<^sup>0\<^sup>0\<^sup>)"} & @{text "="} & @{verbatim "("} @{text "A\<^sup>(\<^sup>0\<^sup>)"} @{verbatim ")"} \\
28769
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   442
  @{text "A\<^sup>(\<^sup>1\<^sup>0\<^sup>0\<^sup>0\<^sup>)"} & @{text "="} & @{verbatim 0} \\
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   443
  @{text "A\<^sup>(\<^sup>0\<^sup>)"} & @{text "="} & @{text "A\<^sup>(\<^sup>0\<^sup>)"} @{verbatim "+"} @{text "A\<^sup>(\<^sup>1\<^sup>)"} \\
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   444
  @{text "A\<^sup>(\<^sup>2\<^sup>)"} & @{text "="} & @{text "A\<^sup>(\<^sup>3\<^sup>)"} @{verbatim "*"} @{text "A\<^sup>(\<^sup>2\<^sup>)"} \\
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   445
  @{text "A\<^sup>(\<^sup>3\<^sup>)"} & @{text "="} & @{verbatim "-"} @{text "A\<^sup>(\<^sup>3\<^sup>)"} \\
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   446
  \end{tabular}
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   447
  \end{center}
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   448
  The choice of priorities determines that @{verbatim "-"} binds
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   449
  tighter than @{verbatim "*"}, which binds tighter than @{verbatim
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   450
  "+"}.  Furthermore @{verbatim "+"} associates to the left and
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   451
  @{verbatim "*"} to the right.
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   452
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   453
  \medskip For clarity, grammars obey these conventions:
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   454
  \begin{itemize}
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   455
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   456
  \item All priorities must lie between 0 and 1000.
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   457
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   458
  \item Priority 0 on the right-hand side and priority 1000 on the
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   459
  left-hand side may be omitted.
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   460
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   461
  \item The production @{text "A\<^sup>(\<^sup>p\<^sup>) = \<alpha>"} is written as @{text "A = \<alpha>
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   462
  (p)"}, i.e.\ the priority of the left-hand side actually appears in
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   463
  a column on the far right.
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   464
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   465
  \item Alternatives are separated by @{text "|"}.
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   466
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   467
  \item Repetition is indicated by dots @{text "(\<dots>)"} in an informal
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   468
  but obvious way.
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   469
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   470
  \end{itemize}
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   471
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   472
  Using these conventions, the example grammar specification above
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   473
  takes the form:
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   474
  \begin{center}
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   475
  \begin{tabular}{rclc}
28774
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   476
    @{text A} & @{text "="} & @{verbatim "("} @{text A} @{verbatim ")"} \\
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   477
              & @{text "|"} & @{verbatim 0} & \qquad\qquad \\
28769
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   478
              & @{text "|"} & @{text A} @{verbatim "+"} @{text "A\<^sup>(\<^sup>1\<^sup>)"} & @{text "(0)"} \\
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   479
              & @{text "|"} & @{text "A\<^sup>(\<^sup>3\<^sup>)"} @{verbatim "*"} @{text "A\<^sup>(\<^sup>2\<^sup>)"} & @{text "(2)"} \\
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   480
              & @{text "|"} & @{verbatim "-"} @{text "A\<^sup>(\<^sup>3\<^sup>)"} & @{text "(3)"} \\
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   481
  \end{tabular}
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   482
  \end{center}
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   483
*}
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   484
8fc228f21861 added section "Priority grammars" (variant from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28767
diff changeset
   485
28770
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   486
subsection {* The Pure grammar *}
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   487
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   488
text {*
28773
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   489
  The priority grammar of the @{text "Pure"} theory is defined as follows:
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   490
28774
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   491
  %FIXME syntax for "index" (?)
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   492
  %FIXME "op" versions of ==> etc. (?)
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   493
28770
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   494
  \begin{center}
28773
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   495
  \begin{supertabular}{rclr}
28770
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   496
28778
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   497
  @{syntax_def (inner) any} & = & @{text "prop  |  logic"} \\\\
28772
3f6bc48ebb9b added Pure grammer (from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28771
diff changeset
   498
28778
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   499
  @{syntax_def (inner) prop} & = & @{verbatim "("} @{text prop} @{verbatim ")"} \\
28772
3f6bc48ebb9b added Pure grammer (from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28771
diff changeset
   500
    & @{text "|"} & @{text "prop\<^sup>(\<^sup>4\<^sup>)"} @{verbatim "::"} @{text type} & @{text "(3)"} \\
28773
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   501
    & @{text "|"} & @{text "any\<^sup>(\<^sup>3\<^sup>)"} @{verbatim "=?="} @{text "any\<^sup>(\<^sup>2\<^sup>)"} & @{text "(2)"} \\
28772
3f6bc48ebb9b added Pure grammer (from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28771
diff changeset
   502
    & @{text "|"} & @{text "any\<^sup>(\<^sup>3\<^sup>)"} @{verbatim "=="} @{text "any\<^sup>(\<^sup>2\<^sup>)"} & @{text "(2)"} \\
28773
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   503
    & @{text "|"} & @{text "any\<^sup>(\<^sup>3\<^sup>)"} @{text "\<equiv>"} @{text "any\<^sup>(\<^sup>2\<^sup>)"} & @{text "(2)"} \\
28856
5e009a80fe6d Pure syntax: more coherent treatment of aprop, permanent TERM and &&&;
wenzelm
parents: 28779
diff changeset
   504
    & @{text "|"} & @{text "prop\<^sup>(\<^sup>3\<^sup>)"} @{verbatim "&&&"} @{text "prop\<^sup>(\<^sup>2\<^sup>)"} & @{text "(2)"} \\
28772
3f6bc48ebb9b added Pure grammer (from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28771
diff changeset
   505
    & @{text "|"} & @{text "prop\<^sup>(\<^sup>2\<^sup>)"} @{verbatim "==>"} @{text "prop\<^sup>(\<^sup>1\<^sup>)"} & @{text "(1)"} \\
28773
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   506
    & @{text "|"} & @{text "prop\<^sup>(\<^sup>2\<^sup>)"} @{text "\<Longrightarrow>"} @{text "prop\<^sup>(\<^sup>1\<^sup>)"} & @{text "(1)"} \\
28772
3f6bc48ebb9b added Pure grammer (from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28771
diff changeset
   507
    & @{text "|"} & @{verbatim "[|"} @{text prop} @{verbatim ";"} @{text "\<dots>"} @{verbatim ";"} @{text prop} @{verbatim "|]"} @{verbatim "==>"} @{text "prop\<^sup>(\<^sup>1\<^sup>)"} & @{text "(1)"} \\
28773
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   508
    & @{text "|"} & @{text "\<lbrakk>"} @{text prop} @{verbatim ";"} @{text "\<dots>"} @{verbatim ";"} @{text prop} @{text "\<rbrakk>"} @{text "\<Longrightarrow>"} @{text "prop\<^sup>(\<^sup>1\<^sup>)"} & @{text "(1)"} \\
28772
3f6bc48ebb9b added Pure grammer (from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28771
diff changeset
   509
    & @{text "|"} & @{verbatim "!!"} @{text idts} @{verbatim "."} @{text prop} & @{text "(0)"} \\
28773
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   510
    & @{text "|"} & @{text "\<And>"} @{text idts} @{verbatim "."} @{text prop} & @{text "(0)"} \\
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   511
    & @{text "|"} & @{verbatim OFCLASS} @{verbatim "("} @{text type} @{verbatim ","} @{text logic} @{verbatim ")"} \\
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   512
    & @{text "|"} & @{verbatim SORT_CONSTRAINT} @{verbatim "("} @{text type} @{verbatim ")"} \\
28856
5e009a80fe6d Pure syntax: more coherent treatment of aprop, permanent TERM and &&&;
wenzelm
parents: 28779
diff changeset
   513
    & @{text "|"} & @{verbatim TERM} @{text logic} \\
28773
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   514
    & @{text "|"} & @{verbatim PROP} @{text aprop} \\\\
28772
3f6bc48ebb9b added Pure grammer (from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28771
diff changeset
   515
28856
5e009a80fe6d Pure syntax: more coherent treatment of aprop, permanent TERM and &&&;
wenzelm
parents: 28779
diff changeset
   516
  @{syntax_def (inner) aprop} & = & @{verbatim "("} @{text aprop} @{verbatim ")"} \\
5e009a80fe6d Pure syntax: more coherent treatment of aprop, permanent TERM and &&&;
wenzelm
parents: 28779
diff changeset
   517
    & @{text "|"} & @{text "id  |  longid  |  var  |  "}@{verbatim "_"}@{text "  |  "}@{verbatim "..."} \\
5e009a80fe6d Pure syntax: more coherent treatment of aprop, permanent TERM and &&&;
wenzelm
parents: 28779
diff changeset
   518
    & @{text "|"} & @{verbatim CONST} @{text "id  |  "}@{verbatim CONST} @{text "longid"} \\
28773
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   519
    & @{text "|"} & @{text "logic\<^sup>(\<^sup>1\<^sup>0\<^sup>0\<^sup>0\<^sup>)  any\<^sup>(\<^sup>1\<^sup>0\<^sup>0\<^sup>0\<^sup>) \<dots> any\<^sup>(\<^sup>1\<^sup>0\<^sup>0\<^sup>0\<^sup>)"} & @{text "(999)"} \\\\
28770
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   520
28778
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   521
  @{syntax_def (inner) logic} & = & @{verbatim "("} @{text logic} @{verbatim ")"} \\
28772
3f6bc48ebb9b added Pure grammer (from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28771
diff changeset
   522
    & @{text "|"} & @{text "logic\<^sup>(\<^sup>4\<^sup>)"} @{verbatim "::"} @{text type} & @{text "(3)"} \\
28773
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   523
    & @{text "|"} & @{text "id  |  longid  |  var  |  "}@{verbatim "_"}@{text "  |  "}@{verbatim "..."} \\
28856
5e009a80fe6d Pure syntax: more coherent treatment of aprop, permanent TERM and &&&;
wenzelm
parents: 28779
diff changeset
   524
    & @{text "|"} & @{verbatim CONST} @{text "id  |  "}@{verbatim CONST} @{text "longid"} \\
28773
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   525
    & @{text "|"} & @{text "logic\<^sup>(\<^sup>1\<^sup>0\<^sup>0\<^sup>0\<^sup>)  any\<^sup>(\<^sup>1\<^sup>0\<^sup>0\<^sup>0\<^sup>) \<dots> any\<^sup>(\<^sup>1\<^sup>0\<^sup>0\<^sup>0\<^sup>)"} & @{text "(999)"} \\
28772
3f6bc48ebb9b added Pure grammer (from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28771
diff changeset
   526
    & @{text "|"} & @{verbatim "%"} @{text pttrns} @{verbatim "."} @{text "any\<^sup>(\<^sup>3\<^sup>)"} & @{text "(3)"} \\
28773
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   527
    & @{text "|"} & @{text \<lambda>} @{text pttrns} @{verbatim "."} @{text "any\<^sup>(\<^sup>3\<^sup>)"} & @{text "(3)"} \\
28772
3f6bc48ebb9b added Pure grammer (from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28771
diff changeset
   528
    & @{text "|"} & @{verbatim TYPE} @{verbatim "("} @{text type} @{verbatim ")"} \\\\
3f6bc48ebb9b added Pure grammer (from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28771
diff changeset
   529
28778
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   530
  @{syntax_def (inner) idt} & = & @{verbatim "("} @{text idt} @{verbatim ")"}@{text "  |  id  |  "}@{verbatim "_"} \\
28773
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   531
    & @{text "|"} & @{text id} @{verbatim "::"} @{text type} & @{text "(0)"} \\
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   532
    & @{text "|"} & @{verbatim "_"} @{verbatim "::"} @{text type} & @{text "(0)"} \\\\
28772
3f6bc48ebb9b added Pure grammer (from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28771
diff changeset
   533
28778
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   534
  @{syntax_def (inner) idts} & = & @{text "idt  |  idt\<^sup>(\<^sup>1\<^sup>) idts"} & @{text "(0)"} \\\\
28772
3f6bc48ebb9b added Pure grammer (from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28771
diff changeset
   535
28778
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   536
  @{syntax_def (inner) pttrn} & = & @{text idt} \\\\
28772
3f6bc48ebb9b added Pure grammer (from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28771
diff changeset
   537
28778
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   538
  @{syntax_def (inner) pttrns} & = & @{text "pttrn  |  pttrn\<^sup>(\<^sup>1\<^sup>) pttrns"} & @{text "(0)"} \\\\
28774
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   539
28778
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   540
  @{syntax_def (inner) type} & = & @{verbatim "("} @{text type} @{verbatim ")"} \\
28773
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   541
    & @{text "|"} & @{text "tid  |  tvar  |  "}@{verbatim "_"} \\
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   542
    & @{text "|"} & @{text "tid"} @{verbatim "::"} @{text "sort  |  tvar  "}@{verbatim "::"} @{text "sort  |  "}@{verbatim "_"} @{verbatim "::"} @{text "sort"} \\
28772
3f6bc48ebb9b added Pure grammer (from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28771
diff changeset
   543
    & @{text "|"} & @{text "id  |  type\<^sup>(\<^sup>1\<^sup>0\<^sup>0\<^sup>0\<^sup>) id  |  "}@{verbatim "("} @{text type} @{verbatim ","} @{text "\<dots>"} @{verbatim ","} @{text type} @{verbatim ")"} @{text id} \\
29741
wenzelm
parents: 29157
diff changeset
   544
    & @{text "|"} & @{text "longid  |  type\<^sup>(\<^sup>1\<^sup>0\<^sup>0\<^sup>0\<^sup>) longid"} \\
wenzelm
parents: 29157
diff changeset
   545
    & @{text "|"} & @{verbatim "("} @{text type} @{verbatim ","} @{text "\<dots>"} @{verbatim ","} @{text type} @{verbatim ")"} @{text longid} \\
28772
3f6bc48ebb9b added Pure grammer (from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28771
diff changeset
   546
    & @{text "|"} & @{text "type\<^sup>(\<^sup>1\<^sup>)"} @{verbatim "=>"} @{text type} & @{text "(0)"} \\
28773
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   547
    & @{text "|"} & @{text "type\<^sup>(\<^sup>1\<^sup>)"} @{text "\<Rightarrow>"} @{text type} & @{text "(0)"} \\
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   548
    & @{text "|"} & @{verbatim "["} @{text type} @{verbatim ","} @{text "\<dots>"} @{verbatim ","} @{text type} @{verbatim "]"} @{verbatim "=>"} @{text type} & @{text "(0)"} \\
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   549
    & @{text "|"} & @{verbatim "["} @{text type} @{verbatim ","} @{text "\<dots>"} @{verbatim ","} @{text type} @{verbatim "]"} @{text "\<Rightarrow>"} @{text type} & @{text "(0)"} \\\\
28772
3f6bc48ebb9b added Pure grammer (from old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28771
diff changeset
   550
29741
wenzelm
parents: 29157
diff changeset
   551
  @{syntax_def (inner) sort} & = & @{text "id  |  longid  |  "}@{verbatim "{}"} \\
wenzelm
parents: 29157
diff changeset
   552
    & @{text "|"} & @{verbatim "{"} @{text "(id | longid)"} @{verbatim ","} @{text "\<dots>"} @{verbatim ","} @{text "(id | longid)"} @{verbatim "}"} \\
28773
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   553
  \end{supertabular}
28770
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   554
  \end{center}
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   555
28774
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   556
  \medskip Here literal terminals are printed @{verbatim "verbatim"};
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   557
  see also \secref{sec:inner-lex} for further token categories of the
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   558
  inner syntax.  The meaning of the nonterminals defined by the above
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   559
  grammar is as follows:
28770
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   560
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   561
  \begin{description}
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   562
28778
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   563
  \item @{syntax_ref (inner) any} denotes any term.
28770
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   564
28778
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   565
  \item @{syntax_ref (inner) prop} denotes meta-level propositions,
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   566
  which are terms of type @{typ prop}.  The syntax of such formulae of
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   567
  the meta-logic is carefully distinguished from usual conventions for
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   568
  object-logics.  In particular, plain @{text "\<lambda>"}-term notation is
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   569
  \emph{not} recognized as @{syntax (inner) prop}.
28770
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   570
28778
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   571
  \item @{syntax_ref (inner) aprop} denotes atomic propositions, which
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   572
  are embedded into regular @{syntax (inner) prop} by means of an
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   573
  explicit @{verbatim PROP} token.
28770
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   574
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   575
  Terms of type @{typ prop} with non-constant head, e.g.\ a plain
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   576
  variable, are printed in this form.  Constants that yield type @{typ
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   577
  prop} are expected to provide their own concrete syntax; otherwise
28778
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   578
  the printed version will appear like @{syntax (inner) logic} and
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   579
  cannot be parsed again as @{syntax (inner) prop}.
28770
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   580
28778
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   581
  \item @{syntax_ref (inner) logic} denotes arbitrary terms of a
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   582
  logical type, excluding type @{typ prop}.  This is the main
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   583
  syntactic category of object-logic entities, covering plain @{text
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   584
  \<lambda>}-term notation (variables, abstraction, application), plus
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   585
  anything defined by the user.
28770
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   586
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   587
  When specifying notation for logical entities, all logical types
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   588
  (excluding @{typ prop}) are \emph{collapsed} to this single category
28778
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   589
  of @{syntax (inner) logic}.
28770
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   590
28778
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   591
  \item @{syntax_ref (inner) idt} denotes identifiers, possibly
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   592
  constrained by types.
28770
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   593
28778
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   594
  \item @{syntax_ref (inner) idts} denotes a sequence of @{syntax_ref
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   595
  (inner) idt}.  This is the most basic category for variables in
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   596
  iterated binders, such as @{text "\<lambda>"} or @{text "\<And>"}.
28770
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   597
28778
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   598
  \item @{syntax_ref (inner) pttrn} and @{syntax_ref (inner) pttrns}
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   599
  denote patterns for abstraction, cases bindings etc.  In Pure, these
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   600
  categories start as a merely copy of @{syntax (inner) idt} and
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   601
  @{syntax (inner) idts}, respectively.  Object-logics may add
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   602
  additional productions for binding forms.
28770
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   603
28778
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   604
  \item @{syntax_ref (inner) type} denotes types of the meta-logic.
28770
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   605
28778
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   606
  \item @{syntax_ref (inner) sort} denotes meta-level sorts.
28770
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   607
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   608
  \end{description}
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   609
28774
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   610
  Here are some further explanations of certain syntax features.
28773
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   611
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   612
  \begin{itemize}
28770
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   613
28778
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   614
  \item In @{syntax (inner) idts}, note that @{text "x :: nat y"} is
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   615
  parsed as @{text "x :: (nat y)"}, treating @{text y} like a type
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   616
  constructor applied to @{text nat}.  To avoid this interpretation,
a25630deacaf misc tuning of inner syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28777
diff changeset
   617
  write @{text "(x :: nat) y"} with explicit parentheses.
28773
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   618
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   619
  \item Similarly, @{text "x :: nat y :: nat"} is parsed as @{text "x ::
28770
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   620
  (nat y :: nat)"}.  The correct form is @{text "(x :: nat) (y ::
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   621
  nat)"}, or @{text "(x :: nat) y :: nat"} if @{text y} is last in the
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   622
  sequence of identifiers.
28773
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   623
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   624
  \item Type constraints for terms bind very weakly.  For example,
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   625
  @{text "x < y :: nat"} is normally parsed as @{text "(x < y) ::
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   626
  nat"}, unless @{text "<"} has a very low priority, in which case the
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   627
  input is likely to be ambiguous.  The correct form is @{text "x < (y
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   628
  :: nat)"}.
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   629
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   630
  \item Constraints may be either written with two literal colons
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   631
  ``@{verbatim "::"}'' or the double-colon symbol @{verbatim "\<Colon>"},
28774
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   632
  which actually looks exactly the same in some {\LaTeX} styles.
28773
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   633
28774
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   634
  \item Dummy variables (written as underscore) may occur in different
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   635
  roles.
28773
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   636
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   637
  \begin{description}
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   638
28774
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   639
  \item A type ``@{text "_"}'' or ``@{text "_ :: sort"}'' acts like an
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   640
  anonymous inference parameter, which is filled-in according to the
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   641
  most general type produced by the type-checking phase.
28770
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   642
28774
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   643
  \item A bound ``@{text "_"}'' refers to a vacuous abstraction, where
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   644
  the body does not refer to the binding introduced here.  As in the
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   645
  term @{term "\<lambda>x _. x"}, which is @{text "\<alpha>"}-equivalent to @{text
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   646
  "\<lambda>x y. x"}.
28773
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   647
28774
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   648
  \item A free ``@{text "_"}'' refers to an implicit outer binding.
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   649
  Higher definitional packages usually allow forms like @{text "f x _
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   650
  = x"}.
28773
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   651
28774
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   652
  \item A schematic ``@{text "_"}'' (within a term pattern, see
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   653
  \secref{sec:term-decls}) refers to an anonymous variable that is
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   654
  implicitly abstracted over its context of locally bound variables.
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   655
  For example, this allows pattern matching of @{text "{x. f x = g
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   656
  x}"} against @{text "{x. _ = _}"}, or even @{text "{_. _ = _}"} by
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   657
  using both bound and schematic dummies.
28773
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   658
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   659
  \end{description}
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   660
28774
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   661
  \item The three literal dots ``@{verbatim "..."}'' may be also
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   662
  written as ellipsis symbol @{verbatim "\<dots>"}.  In both cases this
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   663
  refers to a special schematic variable, which is bound in the
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   664
  context.  This special term abbreviation works nicely with
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   665
  calculational reasoning (\secref{sec:calculation}).
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   666
28773
39b4cedb8433 updated and elaborated Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28772
diff changeset
   667
  \end{itemize}
28770
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   668
*}
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   669
28777
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   670
28774
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   671
section {* Lexical matters \label{sec:inner-lex} *}
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   672
28777
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   673
text {* The inner lexical syntax vaguely resembles the outer one
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   674
  (\secref{sec:outer-lex}), but some details are different.  There are
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   675
  two main categories of inner syntax tokens:
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   676
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   677
  \begin{enumerate}
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   678
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   679
  \item \emph{delimiters} --- the literal tokens occurring in
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   680
  productions of the given priority grammar (cf.\
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   681
  \secref{sec:priority-grammar});
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   682
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   683
  \item \emph{named tokens} --- various categories of identifiers etc.
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   684
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   685
  \end{enumerate}
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   686
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   687
  Delimiters override named tokens and may thus render certain
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   688
  identifiers inaccessible.  Sometimes the logical context admits
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   689
  alternative ways to refer to the same entity, potentially via
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   690
  qualified names.
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   691
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   692
  \medskip The categories for named tokens are defined once and for
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   693
  all as follows, reusing some categories of the outer token syntax
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   694
  (\secref{sec:outer-lex}).
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   695
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   696
  \begin{center}
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   697
  \begin{supertabular}{rcl}
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   698
    @{syntax_def (inner) id} & = & @{syntax_ref ident} \\
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   699
    @{syntax_def (inner) longid} & = & @{syntax_ref longident} \\
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   700
    @{syntax_def (inner) var} & = & @{syntax_ref var} \\
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   701
    @{syntax_def (inner) tid} & = & @{syntax_ref typefree} \\
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   702
    @{syntax_def (inner) tvar} & = & @{syntax_ref typevar} \\
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   703
    @{syntax_def (inner) num} & = & @{syntax_ref nat}@{text "  |  "}@{verbatim "-"}@{syntax_ref nat} \\
29157
461f34ed79ec added float_token, and num_const, float_const;
wenzelm
parents: 28856
diff changeset
   704
    @{syntax_def (inner) float_token} & = & @{syntax_ref nat}@{verbatim "."}@{syntax_ref nat}@{text "  |  "}@{verbatim "-"}@{syntax_ref nat}@{verbatim "."}@{syntax_ref nat} \\
28777
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   705
    @{syntax_def (inner) xnum} & = & @{verbatim "#"}@{syntax_ref nat}@{text "  |  "}@{verbatim "#-"}@{syntax_ref nat} \\
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   706
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   707
    @{syntax_def (inner) xstr} & = & @{verbatim "''"} @{text "\<dots>"} @{verbatim "''"} \\
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   708
  \end{supertabular}
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   709
  \end{center}
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   710
29157
461f34ed79ec added float_token, and num_const, float_const;
wenzelm
parents: 28856
diff changeset
   711
  The token categories @{syntax (inner) num}, @{syntax (inner)
461f34ed79ec added float_token, and num_const, float_const;
wenzelm
parents: 28856
diff changeset
   712
  float_token}, @{syntax (inner) xnum}, and @{syntax (inner) xstr} are
461f34ed79ec added float_token, and num_const, float_const;
wenzelm
parents: 28856
diff changeset
   713
  not used in Pure.  Object-logics may implement numerals and string
461f34ed79ec added float_token, and num_const, float_const;
wenzelm
parents: 28856
diff changeset
   714
  constants by adding appropriate syntax declarations, together with
461f34ed79ec added float_token, and num_const, float_const;
wenzelm
parents: 28856
diff changeset
   715
  some translation functions (e.g.\ see Isabelle/HOL).
461f34ed79ec added float_token, and num_const, float_const;
wenzelm
parents: 28856
diff changeset
   716
461f34ed79ec added float_token, and num_const, float_const;
wenzelm
parents: 28856
diff changeset
   717
  The derived categories @{syntax_def (inner) num_const} and
461f34ed79ec added float_token, and num_const, float_const;
wenzelm
parents: 28856
diff changeset
   718
  @{syntax_def (inner) float_const} provide robust access to @{syntax
461f34ed79ec added float_token, and num_const, float_const;
wenzelm
parents: 28856
diff changeset
   719
  (inner) num}, and @{syntax (inner) float_token}, respectively: the
461f34ed79ec added float_token, and num_const, float_const;
wenzelm
parents: 28856
diff changeset
   720
  syntax tree holds a syntactic constant instead of a free variable.
28777
2eeeced17228 added inner lexical syntax, reusing outer one;
wenzelm
parents: 28774
diff changeset
   721
*}
28774
0e25ef17b06b more tuning of Pure grammer;
wenzelm
parents: 28773
diff changeset
   722
28770
93a372e2dc7a added section "The Pure grammar" (incomplete version, based on old ref manual);
wenzelm
parents: 28769
diff changeset
   723
28762
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   724
section {* Syntax and translations \label{sec:syn-trans} *}
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   725
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   726
text {*
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   727
  \begin{matharray}{rcl}
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   728
    @{command_def "nonterminals"} & : & @{text "theory \<rightarrow> theory"} \\
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   729
    @{command_def "syntax"} & : & @{text "theory \<rightarrow> theory"} \\
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   730
    @{command_def "no_syntax"} & : & @{text "theory \<rightarrow> theory"} \\
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   731
    @{command_def "translations"} & : & @{text "theory \<rightarrow> theory"} \\
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   732
    @{command_def "no_translations"} & : & @{text "theory \<rightarrow> theory"} \\
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   733
  \end{matharray}
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   734
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   735
  \begin{rail}
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   736
    'nonterminals' (name +)
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   737
    ;
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   738
    ('syntax' | 'no\_syntax') mode? (constdecl +)
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   739
    ;
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   740
    ('translations' | 'no\_translations') (transpat ('==' | '=>' | '<=' | rightleftharpoons | rightharpoonup | leftharpoondown) transpat +)
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   741
    ;
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   742
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   743
    mode: ('(' ( name | 'output' | name 'output' ) ')')
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   744
    ;
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   745
    transpat: ('(' nameref ')')? string
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   746
    ;
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   747
  \end{rail}
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   748
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   749
  \begin{description}
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   750
  
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   751
  \item @{command "nonterminals"}~@{text c} declares a type
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   752
  constructor @{text c} (without arguments) to act as purely syntactic
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   753
  type: a nonterminal symbol of the inner syntax.
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   754
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   755
  \item @{command "syntax"}~@{text "(mode) decls"} is similar to
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   756
  @{command "consts"}~@{text decls}, except that the actual logical
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   757
  signature extension is omitted.  Thus the context free grammar of
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   758
  Isabelle's inner syntax may be augmented in arbitrary ways,
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   759
  independently of the logic.  The @{text mode} argument refers to the
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   760
  print mode that the grammar rules belong; unless the @{keyword_ref
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   761
  "output"} indicator is given, all productions are added both to the
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   762
  input and output grammar.
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   763
  
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   764
  \item @{command "no_syntax"}~@{text "(mode) decls"} removes grammar
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   765
  declarations (and translations) resulting from @{text decls}, which
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   766
  are interpreted in the same manner as for @{command "syntax"} above.
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   767
  
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   768
  \item @{command "translations"}~@{text rules} specifies syntactic
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   769
  translation rules (i.e.\ macros): parse~/ print rules (@{text "\<rightleftharpoons>"}),
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   770
  parse rules (@{text "\<rightharpoonup>"}), or print rules (@{text "\<leftharpoondown>"}).
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   771
  Translation patterns may be prefixed by the syntactic category to be
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   772
  used for parsing; the default is @{text logic}.
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   773
  
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   774
  \item @{command "no_translations"}~@{text rules} removes syntactic
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   775
  translation rules, which are interpreted in the same manner as for
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   776
  @{command "translations"} above.
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   777
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   778
  \end{description}
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   779
*}
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   780
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   781
28779
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   782
section {* Syntax translation functions \label{sec:tr-funs} *}
28762
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   783
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   784
text {*
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   785
  \begin{matharray}{rcl}
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   786
    @{command_def "parse_ast_translation"} & : & @{text "theory \<rightarrow> theory"} \\
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   787
    @{command_def "parse_translation"} & : & @{text "theory \<rightarrow> theory"} \\
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   788
    @{command_def "print_translation"} & : & @{text "theory \<rightarrow> theory"} \\
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   789
    @{command_def "typed_print_translation"} & : & @{text "theory \<rightarrow> theory"} \\
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   790
    @{command_def "print_ast_translation"} & : & @{text "theory \<rightarrow> theory"} \\
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   791
  \end{matharray}
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   792
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   793
  \begin{rail}
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   794
  ( 'parse\_ast\_translation' | 'parse\_translation' | 'print\_translation' |
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   795
    'typed\_print\_translation' | 'print\_ast\_translation' ) ('(advanced)')? text
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   796
  ;
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   797
  \end{rail}
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   798
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   799
  Syntax translation functions written in ML admit almost arbitrary
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   800
  manipulations of Isabelle's inner syntax.  Any of the above commands
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   801
  have a single \railqtok{text} argument that refers to an ML
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   802
  expression of appropriate type, which are as follows by default:
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   803
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   804
%FIXME proper antiquotations
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   805
\begin{ttbox}
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   806
val parse_ast_translation   : (string * (ast list -> ast)) list
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   807
val parse_translation       : (string * (term list -> term)) list
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   808
val print_translation       : (string * (term list -> term)) list
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   809
val typed_print_translation :
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   810
  (string * (bool -> typ -> term list -> term)) list
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   811
val print_ast_translation   : (string * (ast list -> ast)) list
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   812
\end{ttbox}
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   813
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   814
  If the @{text "(advanced)"} option is given, the corresponding
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   815
  translation functions may depend on the current theory or proof
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   816
  context.  This allows to implement advanced syntax mechanisms, as
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   817
  translations functions may refer to specific theory declarations or
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   818
  auxiliary proof data.
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   819
30397
b6212ae21656 markup antiquotation options;
wenzelm
parents: 29741
diff changeset
   820
  See also \cite{isabelle-ref} for more information on the general
b6212ae21656 markup antiquotation options;
wenzelm
parents: 29741
diff changeset
   821
  concept of syntax transformations in Isabelle.
28762
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   822
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   823
%FIXME proper antiquotations
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   824
\begin{ttbox}
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   825
val parse_ast_translation:
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   826
  (string * (Proof.context -> ast list -> ast)) list
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   827
val parse_translation:
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   828
  (string * (Proof.context -> term list -> term)) list
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   829
val print_translation:
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   830
  (string * (Proof.context -> term list -> term)) list
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   831
val typed_print_translation:
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   832
  (string * (Proof.context -> bool -> typ -> term list -> term)) list
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   833
val print_ast_translation:
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   834
  (string * (Proof.context -> ast list -> ast)) list
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   835
\end{ttbox}
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   836
*}
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   837
28779
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   838
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   839
section {* Inspecting the syntax *}
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   840
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   841
text {*
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   842
  \begin{matharray}{rcl}
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   843
    @{command_def "print_syntax"}@{text "\<^sup>*"} & : & @{text "context \<rightarrow>"} \\
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   844
  \end{matharray}
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   845
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   846
  \begin{description}
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   847
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   848
  \item @{command "print_syntax"} prints the inner syntax of the
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   849
  current context.  The output can be quite large; the most important
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   850
  sections are explained below.
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   851
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   852
  \begin{description}
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   853
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   854
  \item @{text "lexicon"} lists the delimiters of the inner token
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   855
  language; see \secref{sec:inner-lex}.
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   856
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   857
  \item @{text "prods"} lists the productions of the underlying
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   858
  priority grammar; see \secref{sec:priority-grammar}.
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   859
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   860
  The nonterminal @{text "A\<^sup>(\<^sup>p\<^sup>)"} is rendered in plain text as @{text
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   861
  "A[p]"}; delimiters are quoted.  Many productions have an extra
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   862
  @{text "\<dots> => name"}.  These names later become the heads of parse
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   863
  trees; they also guide the pretty printer.
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   864
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   865
  Productions without such parse tree names are called \emph{copy
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   866
  productions}.  Their right-hand side must have exactly one
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   867
  nonterminal symbol (or named token).  The parser does not create a
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   868
  new parse tree node for copy productions, but simply returns the
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   869
  parse tree of the right-hand symbol.
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   870
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   871
  If the right-hand side of a copy production consists of a single
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   872
  nonterminal without any delimiters, then it is called a \emph{chain
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   873
  production}.  Chain productions act as abbreviations: conceptually,
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   874
  they are removed from the grammar by adding new productions.
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   875
  Priority information attached to chain productions is ignored; only
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   876
  the dummy value @{text "-1"} is displayed.
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   877
28856
5e009a80fe6d Pure syntax: more coherent treatment of aprop, permanent TERM and &&&;
wenzelm
parents: 28779
diff changeset
   878
  \item @{text "print modes"} lists the alternative print modes
28779
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   879
  provided by this grammar; see \secref{sec:print-modes}.
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   880
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   881
  \item @{text "parse_rules"} and @{text "print_rules"} relate to
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   882
  syntax translations (macros); see \secref{sec:syn-trans}.
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   883
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   884
  \item @{text "parse_ast_translation"} and @{text
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   885
  "print_ast_translation"} list sets of constants that invoke
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   886
  translation functions for abstract syntax trees, which are only
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   887
  required in very special situations; see \secref{sec:tr-funs}.
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   888
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   889
  \item @{text "parse_translation"} and @{text "print_translation"}
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   890
  list the sets of constants that invoke regular translation
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   891
  functions; see \secref{sec:tr-funs}.
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   892
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   893
  \end{description}
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   894
  
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   895
  \end{description}
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   896
*}
698960f08652 separate section "Inspecting the syntax" for print_syntax;
wenzelm
parents: 28778
diff changeset
   897
28762
f5d79aeffd81 separate chapter "Inner syntax --- the term language";
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   898
end