src/Provers/quasi.ML
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(*  Author:     Oliver Kutter, TU Muenchen
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Reasoner for simple transitivity and quasi orders.
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*)
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(*
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The package provides tactics trans_tac and quasi_tac that use
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premises of the form
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  t = u, t ~= u, t < u and t <= u
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to
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- either derive a contradiction, in which case the conclusion can be
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  any term,
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- or prove the concluson, which must be of the form t ~= u, t < u or
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  t <= u.
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Details:
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1. trans_tac:
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   Only premises of form t <= u are used and the conclusion must be of
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   the same form.  The conclusion is proved, if possible, by a chain of
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   transitivity from the assumptions.
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2. quasi_tac:
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   <= is assumed to be a quasi order and < its strict relative, defined
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   as t < u == t <= u & t ~= u.  Again, the conclusion is proved from
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   the assumptions.
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   Note that the presence of a strict relation is not necessary for
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   quasi_tac.  Configure decomp_quasi to ignore < and ~=.  A list of
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   required theorems for both situations is given below.
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*)
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signature LESS_ARITH =
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sig
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  (* Transitivity of <=
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     Note that transitivities for < hold for partial orders only. *)
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  val le_trans: thm  (* [| x <= y; y <= z |] ==> x <= z *)
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  (* Additional theorem for quasi orders *)
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  val le_refl: thm  (* x <= x *)
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  val eqD1: thm (* x = y ==> x <= y *)
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  val eqD2: thm (* x = y ==> y <= x *)
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  (* Additional theorems for premises of the form x < y *)
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  val less_reflE: thm  (* x < x ==> P *)
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  val less_imp_le : thm (* x < y ==> x <= y *)
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  (* Additional theorems for premises of the form x ~= y *)
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  val le_neq_trans : thm (* [| x <= y ; x ~= y |] ==> x < y *)
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  val neq_le_trans : thm (* [| x ~= y ; x <= y |] ==> x < y *)
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  (* Additional theorem for goals of form x ~= y *)
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  val less_imp_neq : thm (* x < y ==> x ~= y *)
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  (* Analysis of premises and conclusion *)
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  (* decomp_x (`x Rel y') should yield SOME (x, Rel, y)
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       where Rel is one of "<", "<=", "=" and "~=",
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       other relation symbols cause an error message *)
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  (* decomp_trans is used by trans_tac, it may only return Rel = "<=" *)
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  val decomp_trans: theory -> term -> (term * string * term) option
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  (* decomp_quasi is used by quasi_tac *)
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  val decomp_quasi: theory -> term -> (term * string * term) option
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end;
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signature QUASI_TAC =
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sig
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  val trans_tac: Proof.context -> int -> tactic
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  val quasi_tac: Proof.context -> int -> tactic
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end;
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functor Quasi_Tac(Less: LESS_ARITH): QUASI_TAC =
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struct
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(* Internal datatype for the proof *)
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datatype proof
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  = Asm of int
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  | Thm of proof list * thm;
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exception Cannot;
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 (* Internal exception, raised if conclusion cannot be derived from
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     assumptions. *)
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exception Contr of proof;
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  (* Internal exception, raised if contradiction ( x < x ) was derived *)
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fun prove asms =
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  let fun pr (Asm i) = List.nth (asms, i)
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  |       pr (Thm (prfs, thm)) = (map pr prfs) MRS thm
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  in pr end;
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(* Internal datatype for inequalities *)
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datatype less
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   = Less  of term * term * proof
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   | Le    of term * term * proof
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   | NotEq of term * term * proof;
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 (* Misc functions for datatype less *)
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fun lower (Less (x, _, _)) = x
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  | lower (Le (x, _, _)) = x
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  | lower (NotEq (x,_,_)) = x;
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fun upper (Less (_, y, _)) = y
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  | upper (Le (_, y, _)) = y
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  | upper (NotEq (_,y,_)) = y;
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fun getprf   (Less (_, _, p)) = p
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|   getprf   (Le   (_, _, p)) = p
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|   getprf   (NotEq (_,_, p)) = p;
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(* ************************************************************************ *)
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(*                                                                          *)
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(* mkasm_trans sign (t, n) :  theory -> (Term.term * int)  -> less          *)
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(*                                                                          *)
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(* Tuple (t, n) (t an assumption, n its index in the assumptions) is        *)
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(* translated to an element of type less.                                   *)
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(* Only assumptions of form x <= y are used, all others are ignored         *)
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(*                                                                          *)
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(* ************************************************************************ *)
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fun mkasm_trans thy (t, n) =
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  case Less.decomp_trans thy t of
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    SOME (x, rel, y) =>
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    (case rel of
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     "<="  =>  [Le (x, y, Asm n)]
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    | _     => error ("trans_tac: unknown relation symbol ``" ^ rel ^
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                 "''returned by decomp_trans."))
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  | NONE => [];
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(* ************************************************************************ *)
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(*                                                                          *)
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(* mkasm_quasi sign (t, n) : theory -> (Term.term * int) -> less            *)
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(*                                                                          *)
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(* Tuple (t, n) (t an assumption, n its index in the assumptions) is        *)
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(* translated to an element of type less.                                   *)
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(* Quasi orders only.                                                       *)
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(*                                                                          *)
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(* ************************************************************************ *)
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fun mkasm_quasi thy (t, n) =
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  case Less.decomp_quasi thy t of
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    SOME (x, rel, y) => (case rel of
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      "<"   => if (x aconv y) then raise Contr (Thm ([Asm n], Less.less_reflE))
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               else [Less (x, y, Asm n)]
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    | "<="  => [Le (x, y, Asm n)]
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    | "="   => [Le (x, y, Thm ([Asm n], Less.eqD1)),
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                Le (y, x, Thm ([Asm n], Less.eqD2))]
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    | "~="  => if (x aconv y) then
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                  raise Contr (Thm ([(Thm ([(Thm ([], Less.le_refl)) ,(Asm n)], Less.le_neq_trans))], Less.less_reflE))
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               else [ NotEq (x, y, Asm n),
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                      NotEq (y, x,Thm ( [Asm n], thm "not_sym"))]
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    | _     => error ("quasi_tac: unknown relation symbol ``" ^ rel ^
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                 "''returned by decomp_quasi."))
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  | NONE => [];
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(* ************************************************************************ *)
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(*                                                                          *)
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(* mkconcl_trans sign t : theory -> Term.term -> less                       *)
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(*                                                                          *)
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(* Translates conclusion t to an element of type less.                      *)
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(* Only for Conclusions of form x <= y or x < y.                            *)
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(*                                                                          *)
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(* ************************************************************************ *)
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fun mkconcl_trans thy t =
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  case Less.decomp_trans thy t of
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    SOME (x, rel, y) => (case rel of
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     "<="  => (Le (x, y, Asm ~1), Asm 0)
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    | _  => raise Cannot)
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  | NONE => raise Cannot;
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(* ************************************************************************ *)
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(*                                                                          *)
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(* mkconcl_quasi sign t : theory -> Term.term -> less                       *)
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(*                                                                          *)
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(* Translates conclusion t to an element of type less.                      *)
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(* Quasi orders only.                                                       *)
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(*                                                                          *)
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(* ************************************************************************ *)
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fun mkconcl_quasi thy t =
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  case Less.decomp_quasi thy t of
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    SOME (x, rel, y) => (case rel of
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      "<"   => ([Less (x, y, Asm ~1)], Asm 0)
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    | "<="  => ([Le (x, y, Asm ~1)], Asm 0)
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    | "~="  => ([NotEq (x,y, Asm ~1)], Asm 0)
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    | _  => raise Cannot)
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| NONE => raise Cannot;
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(* ******************************************************************* *)
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(*                                                                     *)
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(* mergeLess (less1,less2):  less * less -> less                       *)
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(*                                                                     *)
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(* Merge to elements of type less according to the following rules     *)
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(*                                                                     *)
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(* x <= y && y <= z ==> x <= z                                         *)
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(* x <= y && x ~= y ==> x < y                                          *)
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(* x ~= y && x <= y ==> x < y                                          *)
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(*                                                                     *)
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(* ******************************************************************* *)
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fun mergeLess (Le (x, _, p) , Le (_ , z, q)) =
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      Le (x, z, Thm ([p,q] , Less.le_trans))
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|   mergeLess (Le (x, z, p) , NotEq (x', z', q)) =
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      if (x aconv x' andalso z aconv z' )
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       then Less (x, z, Thm ([p,q] , Less.le_neq_trans))
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        else error "quasi_tac: internal error le_neq_trans"
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|   mergeLess (NotEq (x, z, p) , Le (x' , z', q)) =
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      if (x aconv x' andalso z aconv z')
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      then Less (x, z, Thm ([p,q] , Less.neq_le_trans))
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      else error "quasi_tac: internal error neq_le_trans"
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|   mergeLess (_, _) =
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      error "quasi_tac: internal error: undefined case";
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(* ******************************************************************** *)
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(* tr checks for valid transitivity step                                *)
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(* ******************************************************************** *)
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infix tr;
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fun (Le (_, y, _))   tr (Le (x', _, _))   = ( y aconv x' )
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  | _ tr _ = false;
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(* ******************************************************************* *)
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(*                                                                     *)
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(* transPath (Lesslist, Less): (less list * less) -> less              *)
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(*                                                                     *)
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(* If a path represented by a list of elements of type less is found,  *)
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(* this needs to be contracted to a single element of type less.       *)
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(* Prior to each transitivity step it is checked whether the step is   *)
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(* valid.                                                              *)
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(*                                                                     *)
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(* ******************************************************************* *)
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fun transPath ([],lesss) = lesss
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|   transPath (x::xs,lesss) =
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      if lesss tr x then transPath (xs, mergeLess(lesss,x))
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      else error "trans/quasi_tac: internal error transpath";
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(* ******************************************************************* *)
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(*                                                                     *)
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(* less1 subsumes less2 : less -> less -> bool                         *)
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(*                                                                     *)
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(* subsumes checks whether less1 implies less2                         *)
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(*                                                                     *)
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(* ******************************************************************* *)
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infix subsumes;
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fun (Le (x, y, _)) subsumes (Le (x', y', _)) =
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      (x aconv x' andalso y aconv y')
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  | (Le _) subsumes (Less _) =
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      error "trans/quasi_tac: internal error: Le cannot subsume Less"
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  | (NotEq(x,y,_)) subsumes (NotEq(x',y',_)) = x aconv x' andalso y aconv y' orelse x aconv y' andalso y aconv x'
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  | _ subsumes _ = false;
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(* ******************************************************************* *)
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(*                                                                     *)
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(* triv_solv less1 : less ->  proof option                     *)
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(*                                                                     *)
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(* Solves trivial goal x <= x.                                         *)
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(*                                                                     *)
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(* ******************************************************************* *)
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fun triv_solv (Le (x, x', _)) =
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    if x aconv x' then  SOME (Thm ([], Less.le_refl))
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    else NONE
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|   triv_solv _ = NONE;
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(* ********************************************************************* *)
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(* Graph functions                                                       *)
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(* ********************************************************************* *)
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(* *********************************************************** *)
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(* Functions for constructing graphs                           *)
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(* *********************************************************** *)
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fun addEdge (v,d,[]) = [(v,d)]
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|   addEdge (v,d,((u,dl)::el)) = if v aconv u then ((v,d@dl)::el)
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    else (u,dl):: (addEdge(v,d,el));
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(* ********************************************************************** *)
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(*                                                                        *)
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(* mkQuasiGraph constructs from a list of objects of type less a graph g, *)
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(* by taking all edges that are candidate for a <=, and a list neqE, by   *)
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(* taking all edges that are candiate for a ~=                            *)
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(*                                                                        *)
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(* ********************************************************************** *)
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fun mkQuasiGraph [] = ([],[])
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|   mkQuasiGraph lessList =
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 let
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 fun buildGraphs ([],leG, neqE) = (leG,  neqE)
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  |   buildGraphs (l::ls, leG,  neqE) = case l of
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       (Less (x,y,p)) =>
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         let
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          val leEdge  = Le (x,y, Thm ([p], Less.less_imp_le))
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          val neqEdges = [ NotEq (x,y, Thm ([p], Less.less_imp_neq)),
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                           NotEq (y,x, Thm ( [Thm ([p], Less.less_imp_neq)], thm "not_sym"))]
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         in
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           buildGraphs (ls, addEdge(y,[],(addEdge (x,[(y,leEdge)],leG))), neqEdges@neqE)
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         end
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     |  (Le (x,y,p))   => buildGraphs (ls, addEdge(y,[],(addEdge (x,[(y,l)],leG))), neqE)
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     | _ =>  buildGraphs (ls, leG,  l::neqE) ;
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in buildGraphs (lessList, [],  []) end;
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(* ********************************************************************** *)
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(*                                                                        *)
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(* mkGraph constructs from a list of objects of type less a graph g       *)
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(* Used for plain transitivity chain reasoning.                           *)
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(*                                                                        *)
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(* ********************************************************************** *)
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fun mkGraph [] = []
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|   mkGraph lessList =
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 let
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  fun buildGraph ([],g) = g
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  |   buildGraph (l::ls, g) =  buildGraph (ls, (addEdge ((lower l),[((upper l),l)],g)))
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   323
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in buildGraph (lessList, []) end;
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(* *********************************************************************** *)
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(*                                                                         *)
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(* adjacent g u : (''a * 'b list ) list -> ''a -> 'b list                  *)
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(*                                                                         *)
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(* List of successors of u in graph g                                      *)
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(*                                                                         *)
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(* *********************************************************************** *)
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   334
fun adjacent eq_comp ((v,adj)::el) u =
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   335
    if eq_comp (u, v) then adj else adjacent eq_comp el u
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|   adjacent _  []  _ = []
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(* *********************************************************************** *)
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(*                                                                         *)
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(* dfs eq_comp g u v:                                                      *)
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(* ('a * 'a -> bool) -> ('a  *( 'a * less) list) list ->                   *)
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(* 'a -> 'a -> (bool * ('a * less) list)                                   *)
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(*                                                                         *)
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(* Depth first search of v from u.                                         *)
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(* Returns (true, path(u, v)) if successful, otherwise (false, []).        *)
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(*                                                                         *)
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(* *********************************************************************** *)
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parents:
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fun dfs eq_comp g u v =
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 let
32740
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    val pred = Unsynchronized.ref [];
9dd0a2f83429 explicit indication of Unsynchronized.ref;
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    val visited = Unsynchronized.ref [];
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parents:
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    fun been_visited v = exists (fn w => eq_comp (w, v)) (!visited)
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87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
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parents: 29276
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87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   356
    fun dfs_visit u' =
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parents:
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   357
    let val _ = visited := u' :: (!visited)
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parents: 29276
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   358
15103
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parents:
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   359
    fun update (x,l) = let val _ = pred := (x,l) ::(!pred) in () end;
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parents: 29276
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   360
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
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parents: 29276
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   361
    in if been_visited v then ()
15103
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ballarin
parents:
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   362
    else (app (fn (v',l) => if been_visited v' then () else (
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
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   363
       update (v',l);
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
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   364
       dfs_visit v'; ()) )) (adjacent eq_comp g u')
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
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   365
     end
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
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   366
  in
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
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parents: 29276
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   367
    dfs_visit u;
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
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parents: 29276
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   368
    if (been_visited v) then (true, (!pred)) else (false , [])
15103
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ballarin
parents:
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   369
  end;
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
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parents:
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   370
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
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   371
(* ************************************************************************ *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
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parents:
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   372
(*                                                                          *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
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   373
(* Begin: Quasi Order relevant functions                                    *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
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parents:
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   374
(*                                                                          *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
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   375
(*                                                                          *)
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ballarin
parents:
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   376
(* ************************************************************************ *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
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parents:
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   377
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
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   378
(* ************************************************************************ *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
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   379
(*                                                                          *)
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ballarin
parents:
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   380
(* findPath x y g: Term.term -> Term.term ->                                *)
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ballarin
parents:
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   381
(*                  (Term.term * (Term.term * less list) list) ->           *)
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ballarin
parents:
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   382
(*                  (bool, less list)                                       *)
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ballarin
parents:
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   383
(*                                                                          *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   384
(*  Searches a path from vertex x to vertex y in Graph g, returns true and  *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   385
(*  the list of edges forming the path, if a path is found, otherwise false *)
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ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   386
(*  and nil.                                                                *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   387
(*                                                                          *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   388
(* ************************************************************************ *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   389
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   390
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   391
 fun findPath x y g =
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   392
  let
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   393
    val (found, tmp) =  dfs (op aconv) g x y ;
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   394
    val pred = map snd tmp;
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   395
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   396
    fun path x y  =
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   397
      let
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   398
       (* find predecessor u of node v and the edge u -> v *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   399
       fun lookup v [] = raise Cannot
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   400
       |   lookup v (e::es) = if (upper e) aconv v then e else lookup v es;
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   401
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   402
       (* traverse path backwards and return list of visited edges *)
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   403
       fun rev_path v =
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   404
        let val l = lookup v pred
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   405
            val u = lower l;
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   406
        in
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   407
           if u aconv x then [l] else (rev_path u) @ [l]
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   408
        end
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   409
      in rev_path y end;
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   410
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   411
  in
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   412
   if found then (
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   413
    if x aconv y then (found,[(Le (x, y, (Thm ([], Less.le_refl))))])
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   414
    else (found, (path x y) ))
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   415
   else (found,[])
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   416
  end;
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   417
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   418
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   419
(* ************************************************************************ *)
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   420
(*                                                                          *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   421
(* findQuasiProof (leqG, neqE) subgoal:                                     *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   422
(* (Term.term * (Term.term * less list) list) * less list  -> less -> proof *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   423
(*                                                                          *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   424
(* Constructs a proof for subgoal by searching a special path in leqG and   *)
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   425
(* neqE. Raises Cannot if construction of the proof fails.                  *)
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   426
(*                                                                          *)
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   427
(* ************************************************************************ *)
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   428
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   429
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   430
(* As the conlusion can be either of form x <= y, x < y or x ~= y we have        *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   431
(* three cases to deal with. Finding a transitivity path from x to y with label  *)
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   432
(* 1. <=                                                                         *)
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   433
(*    This is simply done by searching any path from x to y in the graph leG.    *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   434
(*    The graph leG contains only edges with label <=.                           *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   435
(*                                                                               *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   436
(* 2. <                                                                          *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   437
(*    A path from x to y with label < can be found by searching a path with      *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   438
(*    label <= from x to y in the graph leG and merging the path x <= y with     *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   439
(*    a parallel edge x ~= y resp. y ~= x to x < y.                              *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   440
(*                                                                               *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   441
(* 3. ~=                                                                         *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   442
(*   If the conclusion is of form x ~= y, we can find a proof either directly,   *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   443
(*   if x ~= y or y ~= x are among the assumptions, or by constructing x ~= y if *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   444
(*   x < y or y < x follows from the assumptions.                                *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   445
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   446
fun findQuasiProof (leG, neqE) subgoal =
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   447
  case subgoal of (Le (x,y, _)) => (
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   448
   let
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   449
    val (xyLefound,xyLePath) = findPath x y leG
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   450
   in
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   451
    if xyLefound then (
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   452
     let
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   453
      val Le_x_y = (transPath (tl xyLePath, hd xyLePath))
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   454
     in getprf Le_x_y end )
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   455
    else raise Cannot
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   456
   end )
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   457
  | (Less (x,y,_))  => (
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   458
   let
15531
08c8dad8e399 Deleted Library.option type.
skalberg
parents: 15103
diff changeset
   459
    fun findParallelNeq []  = NONE
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   460
    |   findParallelNeq (e::es)  =
15531
08c8dad8e399 Deleted Library.option type.
skalberg
parents: 15103
diff changeset
   461
     if      (x aconv (lower e) andalso y aconv (upper e)) then SOME e
08c8dad8e399 Deleted Library.option type.
skalberg
parents: 15103
diff changeset
   462
     else if (y aconv (lower e) andalso x aconv (upper e)) then SOME (NotEq (x,y, (Thm ([getprf e], thm "not_sym"))))
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   463
     else findParallelNeq es ;
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   464
   in
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   465
   (* test if there is a edge x ~= y respectivly  y ~= x and     *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   466
   (* if it possible to find a path x <= y in leG, thus we can conclude x < y *)
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   467
    (case findParallelNeq neqE of (SOME e) =>
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   468
      let
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   469
       val (xyLeFound,xyLePath) = findPath x y leG
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   470
      in
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   471
       if xyLeFound then (
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   472
        let
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   473
         val Le_x_y = (transPath (tl xyLePath, hd xyLePath))
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   474
         val Less_x_y = mergeLess (e, Le_x_y)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   475
        in getprf Less_x_y end
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   476
       ) else raise Cannot
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   477
      end
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   478
    | _ => raise Cannot)
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   479
   end )
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   480
 | (NotEq (x,y,_)) =>
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   481
  (* First check if a single premiss is sufficient *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   482
  (case (Library.find_first (fn fact => fact subsumes subgoal) neqE, subgoal) of
15531
08c8dad8e399 Deleted Library.option type.
skalberg
parents: 15103
diff changeset
   483
    (SOME (NotEq (x, y, p)), NotEq (x', y', _)) =>
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   484
      if  (x aconv x' andalso y aconv y') then p
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   485
      else Thm ([p], thm "not_sym")
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   486
    | _  => raise Cannot
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   487
  )
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   488
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   489
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   490
(* ************************************************************************ *)
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   491
(*                                                                          *)
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   492
(* End: Quasi Order relevant functions                                      *)
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   493
(*                                                                          *)
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   494
(*                                                                          *)
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   495
(* ************************************************************************ *)
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   496
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   497
(* *********************************************************************** *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   498
(*                                                                         *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   499
(* solveLeTrans sign (asms,concl) :                                        *)
19250
932a50e2332f got rid of type Sign.sg;
wenzelm
parents: 15570
diff changeset
   500
(* theory -> less list * Term.term -> proof list                           *)
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   501
(*                                                                         *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   502
(* Solves                                                                  *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   503
(*                                                                         *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   504
(* *********************************************************************** *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   505
33063
4d462963a7db map_range (and map_index) combinator
haftmann
parents: 32952
diff changeset
   506
fun solveLeTrans thy (asms, concl) =
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   507
 let
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   508
  val g = mkGraph asms
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   509
 in
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   510
   let
33063
4d462963a7db map_range (and map_index) combinator
haftmann
parents: 32952
diff changeset
   511
    val (subgoal, prf) = mkconcl_trans thy concl
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   512
    val (found, path) = findPath (lower subgoal) (upper subgoal) g
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   513
   in
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   514
    if found then [getprf (transPath (tl path, hd path))]
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   515
    else raise Cannot
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   516
  end
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   517
 end;
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   518
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   519
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   520
(* *********************************************************************** *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   521
(*                                                                         *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   522
(* solveQuasiOrder sign (asms,concl) :                                     *)
19250
932a50e2332f got rid of type Sign.sg;
wenzelm
parents: 15570
diff changeset
   523
(* theory -> less list * Term.term -> proof list                           *)
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   524
(*                                                                         *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   525
(* Find proof if possible for quasi order.                                 *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   526
(*                                                                         *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   527
(* *********************************************************************** *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   528
33063
4d462963a7db map_range (and map_index) combinator
haftmann
parents: 32952
diff changeset
   529
fun solveQuasiOrder thy (asms, concl) =
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   530
 let
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   531
  val (leG, neqE) = mkQuasiGraph asms
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   532
 in
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   533
   let
33063
4d462963a7db map_range (and map_index) combinator
haftmann
parents: 32952
diff changeset
   534
   val (subgoals, prf) = mkconcl_quasi thy concl
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   535
   fun solve facts less =
15531
08c8dad8e399 Deleted Library.option type.
skalberg
parents: 15103
diff changeset
   536
       (case triv_solv less of NONE => findQuasiProof (leG, neqE) less
08c8dad8e399 Deleted Library.option type.
skalberg
parents: 15103
diff changeset
   537
       | SOME prf => prf )
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   538
  in   map (solve asms) subgoals end
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   539
 end;
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   540
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   541
(* ************************************************************************ *)
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   542
(*                                                                          *)
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   543
(* Tactics                                                                  *)
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   544
(*                                                                          *)
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   545
(*  - trans_tac                                                          *)
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   546
(*  - quasi_tac, solves quasi orders                                        *)
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   547
(* ************************************************************************ *)
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   548
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   549
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   550
(* trans_tac - solves transitivity chains over <= *)
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   551
32277
ff1e59a15146 trans_tac: use theory from goal state, not the static context, which seems to be outdated under certain circumstances (why?);
wenzelm
parents: 32215
diff changeset
   552
fun trans_tac ctxt = SUBGOAL (fn (A, n) => fn st =>
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   553
 let
32285
ab9b66c2bbca trancl_tac etc.: back to static context -- problem was caused by bad solver in AFP/JiveDataStoreModel;
wenzelm
parents: 32283
diff changeset
   554
  val thy = ProofContext.theory_of ctxt;
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   555
  val rfrees = map Free (Term.rename_wrt_term A (Logic.strip_params A));
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   556
  val Hs = map (fn H => subst_bounds (rfrees, H)) (Logic.strip_assums_hyp A);
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   557
  val C = subst_bounds (rfrees, Logic.strip_assums_concl A);
33063
4d462963a7db map_range (and map_index) combinator
haftmann
parents: 32952
diff changeset
   558
  val lesss = flat (map_index (mkasm_trans thy o swap) Hs);
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   559
  val prfs = solveLeTrans thy (lesss, C);
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   560
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   561
  val (subgoal, prf) = mkconcl_trans thy C;
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   562
 in
32283
3bebc195c124 qualified Subgoal.FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 32277
diff changeset
   563
  Subgoal.FOCUS (fn {prems, ...} =>
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   564
    let val thms = map (prove prems) prfs
32277
ff1e59a15146 trans_tac: use theory from goal state, not the static context, which seems to be outdated under certain circumstances (why?);
wenzelm
parents: 32215
diff changeset
   565
    in rtac (prove thms prf) 1 end) ctxt n st
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   566
 end
32283
3bebc195c124 qualified Subgoal.FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 32277
diff changeset
   567
 handle Contr p => Subgoal.FOCUS (fn {prems, ...} => rtac (prove prems p) 1) ctxt n st
32277
ff1e59a15146 trans_tac: use theory from goal state, not the static context, which seems to be outdated under certain circumstances (why?);
wenzelm
parents: 32215
diff changeset
   568
  | Cannot  => Seq.empty);
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   569
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   570
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   571
(* quasi_tac - solves quasi orders *)
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   572
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   573
fun quasi_tac ctxt = SUBGOAL (fn (A, n) => fn st =>
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   574
 let
32285
ab9b66c2bbca trancl_tac etc.: back to static context -- problem was caused by bad solver in AFP/JiveDataStoreModel;
wenzelm
parents: 32283
diff changeset
   575
  val thy = ProofContext.theory_of ctxt
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   576
  val rfrees = map Free (Term.rename_wrt_term A (Logic.strip_params A));
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   577
  val Hs = map (fn H => subst_bounds (rfrees, H)) (Logic.strip_assums_hyp A);
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   578
  val C = subst_bounds (rfrees, Logic.strip_assums_concl A);
33063
4d462963a7db map_range (and map_index) combinator
haftmann
parents: 32952
diff changeset
   579
  val lesss = flat (map_index (mkasm_quasi thy o swap) Hs);
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   580
  val prfs = solveQuasiOrder thy (lesss, C);
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   581
  val (subgoals, prf) = mkconcl_quasi thy C;
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   582
 in
32283
3bebc195c124 qualified Subgoal.FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 32277
diff changeset
   583
  Subgoal.FOCUS (fn {prems, ...} =>
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   584
    let val thms = map (prove prems) prfs
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   585
    in rtac (prove thms prf) 1 end) ctxt n st
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   586
 end
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   587
 handle Contr p =>
32283
3bebc195c124 qualified Subgoal.FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 32277
diff changeset
   588
    (Subgoal.FOCUS (fn {prems, ...} => rtac (prove prems p) 1) ctxt n st
32215
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   589
      handle Subscript => Seq.empty)
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   590
  | Cannot => Seq.empty
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   591
  | Subscript => Seq.empty);
87806301a813 replaced old METAHYPS by FOCUS;
wenzelm
parents: 29276
diff changeset
   592
15103
79846e8792eb New transitivity reasoners for transitivity only and quasi orders.
ballarin
parents:
diff changeset
   593
end;