src/HOL/Random.thy
author blanchet
Tue, 14 Sep 2010 13:24:18 +0200
changeset 39359 6f49c7fbb1b1
parent 39302 d7728f65b353
child 42163 392fd6c4669c
permissions -rw-r--r--
remove "fast_descs" option from Nitpick; the option has been unsound for over a year and is too imprecise to be of any use when made sound
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(* Author: Florian Haftmann, TU Muenchen *)
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header {* A HOL random engine *}
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theory Random
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imports Code_Numeral List
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begin
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notation fcomp (infixl "\<circ>>" 60)
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notation scomp (infixl "\<circ>\<rightarrow>" 60)
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subsection {* Auxiliary functions *}
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fun log :: "code_numeral \<Rightarrow> code_numeral \<Rightarrow> code_numeral" where
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  "log b i = (if b \<le> 1 \<or> i < b then 1 else 1 + log b (i div b))"
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definition inc_shift :: "code_numeral \<Rightarrow> code_numeral \<Rightarrow> code_numeral" where
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  "inc_shift v k = (if v = k then 1 else k + 1)"
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definition minus_shift :: "code_numeral \<Rightarrow> code_numeral \<Rightarrow> code_numeral \<Rightarrow> code_numeral" where
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  "minus_shift r k l = (if k < l then r + k - l else k - l)"
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subsection {* Random seeds *}
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types seed = "code_numeral \<times> code_numeral"
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primrec "next" :: "seed \<Rightarrow> code_numeral \<times> seed" where
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  "next (v, w) = (let
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     k =  v div 53668;
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     v' = minus_shift 2147483563 ((v mod 53668) * 40014) (k * 12211);
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     l =  w div 52774;
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     w' = minus_shift 2147483399 ((w mod 52774) * 40692) (l * 3791);
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     z =  minus_shift 2147483562 v' (w' + 1) + 1
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   in (z, (v', w')))"
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definition split_seed :: "seed \<Rightarrow> seed \<times> seed" where
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  "split_seed s = (let
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     (v, w) = s;
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     (v', w') = snd (next s);
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     v'' = inc_shift 2147483562 v;
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     w'' = inc_shift 2147483398 w
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   in ((v'', w'), (v', w'')))"
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subsection {* Base selectors *}
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fun iterate :: "code_numeral \<Rightarrow> ('b \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'b \<times> 'a) \<Rightarrow> 'b \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'b \<times> 'a" where
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  "iterate k f x = (if k = 0 then Pair x else f x \<circ>\<rightarrow> iterate (k - 1) f)"
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definition range :: "code_numeral \<Rightarrow> seed \<Rightarrow> code_numeral \<times> seed" where
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  "range k = iterate (log 2147483561 k)
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      (\<lambda>l. next \<circ>\<rightarrow> (\<lambda>v. Pair (v + l * 2147483561))) 1
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    \<circ>\<rightarrow> (\<lambda>v. Pair (v mod k))"
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lemma range:
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  "k > 0 \<Longrightarrow> fst (range k s) < k"
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  by (simp add: range_def scomp_apply split_def del: log.simps iterate.simps)
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definition select :: "'a list \<Rightarrow> seed \<Rightarrow> 'a \<times> seed" where
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  "select xs = range (Code_Numeral.of_nat (length xs))
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    \<circ>\<rightarrow> (\<lambda>k. Pair (nth xs (Code_Numeral.nat_of k)))"
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lemma select:
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  assumes "xs \<noteq> []"
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  shows "fst (select xs s) \<in> set xs"
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proof -
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  from assms have "Code_Numeral.of_nat (length xs) > 0" by simp
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  with range have
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    "fst (range (Code_Numeral.of_nat (length xs)) s) < Code_Numeral.of_nat (length xs)" by best
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  then have
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    "Code_Numeral.nat_of (fst (range (Code_Numeral.of_nat (length xs)) s)) < length xs" by simp
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  then show ?thesis
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    by (simp add: scomp_apply split_beta select_def)
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qed
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primrec pick :: "(code_numeral \<times> 'a) list \<Rightarrow> code_numeral \<Rightarrow> 'a" where
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  "pick (x # xs) i = (if i < fst x then snd x else pick xs (i - fst x))"
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lemma pick_member:
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  "i < listsum (map fst xs) \<Longrightarrow> pick xs i \<in> set (map snd xs)"
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  by (induct xs arbitrary: i) simp_all
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lemma pick_drop_zero:
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  "pick (filter (\<lambda>(k, _). k > 0) xs) = pick xs"
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  by (induct xs) (auto simp add: fun_eq_iff)
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lemma pick_same:
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  "l < length xs \<Longrightarrow> Random.pick (map (Pair 1) xs) (Code_Numeral.of_nat l) = nth xs l"
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proof (induct xs arbitrary: l)
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  case Nil then show ?case by simp
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next
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  case (Cons x xs) then show ?case by (cases l) simp_all
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qed
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definition select_weight :: "(code_numeral \<times> 'a) list \<Rightarrow> seed \<Rightarrow> 'a \<times> seed" where
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  "select_weight xs = range (listsum (map fst xs))
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   \<circ>\<rightarrow> (\<lambda>k. Pair (pick xs k))"
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lemma select_weight_member:
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  assumes "0 < listsum (map fst xs)"
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  shows "fst (select_weight xs s) \<in> set (map snd xs)"
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proof -
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  from range assms
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    have "fst (range (listsum (map fst xs)) s) < listsum (map fst xs)" .
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  with pick_member
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    have "pick xs (fst (range (listsum (map fst xs)) s)) \<in> set (map snd xs)" .
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  then show ?thesis by (simp add: select_weight_def scomp_def split_def) 
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qed
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lemma select_weight_cons_zero:
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  "select_weight ((0, x) # xs) = select_weight xs"
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  by (simp add: select_weight_def)
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lemma select_weigth_drop_zero:
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  "select_weight (filter (\<lambda>(k, _). k > 0) xs) = select_weight xs"
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proof -
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  have "listsum (map fst [(k, _)\<leftarrow>xs . 0 < k]) = listsum (map fst xs)"
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    by (induct xs) auto
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  then show ?thesis by (simp only: select_weight_def pick_drop_zero)
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qed
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lemma select_weigth_select:
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  assumes "xs \<noteq> []"
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  shows "select_weight (map (Pair 1) xs) = select xs"
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proof -
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  have less: "\<And>s. fst (range (Code_Numeral.of_nat (length xs)) s) < Code_Numeral.of_nat (length xs)"
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    using assms by (intro range) simp
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  moreover have "listsum (map fst (map (Pair 1) xs)) = Code_Numeral.of_nat (length xs)"
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    by (induct xs) simp_all
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  ultimately show ?thesis
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    by (auto simp add: select_weight_def select_def scomp_def split_def
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      fun_eq_iff pick_same [symmetric])
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qed
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subsection {* @{text ML} interface *}
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code_reflect Random_Engine
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  functions range select select_weight
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ML {*
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structure Random_Engine =
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struct
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open Random_Engine;
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type seed = int * int;
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local
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val seed = Unsynchronized.ref 
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  (let
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    val now = Time.toMilliseconds (Time.now ());
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    val (q, s1) = IntInf.divMod (now, 2147483562);
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    val s2 = q mod 2147483398;
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  in (s1 + 1, s2 + 1) end);
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in
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fun next_seed () =
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  let
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    val (seed1, seed') = @{code split_seed} (! seed)
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    val _ = seed := seed'
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  in
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    seed1
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  end
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fun run f =
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  let
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    val (x, seed') = f (! seed);
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    val _ = seed := seed'
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  in x end;
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end;
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end;
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*}
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hide_type (open) seed
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hide_const (open) inc_shift minus_shift log "next" split_seed
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  iterate range select pick select_weight
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hide_fact (open) range_def
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no_notation fcomp (infixl "\<circ>>" 60)
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no_notation scomp (infixl "\<circ>\<rightarrow>" 60)
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end
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