src/ZF/arith_data.ML
author paulson
Fri, 29 Oct 2004 15:16:02 +0200
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child 15531 08c8dad8e399
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fixed reference to renamed theorem
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(*  Title:      ZF/arith_data.ML
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    ID:         $Id$
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    Author:     Lawrence C Paulson, Cambridge University Computer Laboratory
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    Copyright   2000  University of Cambridge
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Arithmetic simplification: cancellation of common terms
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*)
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signature ARITH_DATA =
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sig
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  (*the main outcome*)
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  val nat_cancel: simproc list
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  (*tools for use in similar applications*)
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  val gen_trans_tac: thm -> thm option -> tactic
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  val prove_conv: string -> tactic list -> Sign.sg ->
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                  thm list -> string list -> term * term -> thm option
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  val simplify_meta_eq: thm list -> thm -> thm
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  (*debugging*)
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  structure EqCancelNumeralsData   : CANCEL_NUMERALS_DATA
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  structure LessCancelNumeralsData : CANCEL_NUMERALS_DATA
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  structure DiffCancelNumeralsData : CANCEL_NUMERALS_DATA
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end;
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structure ArithData: ARITH_DATA =
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struct
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val iT = Ind_Syntax.iT;
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val zero = Const("0", iT);
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val succ = Const("succ", iT --> iT);
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fun mk_succ t = succ $ t;
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val one = mk_succ zero;
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val mk_plus = FOLogic.mk_binop "Arith.add";
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(*Thus mk_sum[t] yields t+#0; longer sums don't have a trailing zero*)
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fun mk_sum []        = zero
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  | mk_sum [t,u]     = mk_plus (t, u)
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  | mk_sum (t :: ts) = mk_plus (t, mk_sum ts);
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(*this version ALWAYS includes a trailing zero*)
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fun long_mk_sum []        = zero
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  | long_mk_sum (t :: ts) = mk_plus (t, mk_sum ts);
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val dest_plus = FOLogic.dest_bin "Arith.add" iT;
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(* dest_sum *)
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fun dest_sum (Const("0",_)) = []
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  | dest_sum (Const("succ",_) $ t) = one :: dest_sum t
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  | dest_sum (Const("Arith.add",_) $ t $ u) = dest_sum t @ dest_sum u
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  | dest_sum tm = [tm];
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(*Apply the given rewrite (if present) just once*)
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fun gen_trans_tac th2 None      = all_tac
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  | gen_trans_tac th2 (Some th) = ALLGOALS (rtac (th RS th2));
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(*Use <-> or = depending on the type of t*)
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fun mk_eq_iff(t,u) =
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  if fastype_of t = iT then FOLogic.mk_eq(t,u)
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                       else FOLogic.mk_iff(t,u);
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(*We remove equality assumptions because they confuse the simplifier and
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  because only type-checking assumptions are necessary.*)
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fun is_eq_thm th =
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    can FOLogic.dest_eq (FOLogic.dest_Trueprop (#prop (rep_thm th)));
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fun add_chyps chyps ct = Drule.list_implies (map cprop_of chyps, ct);
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fun prove_conv name tacs sg hyps xs (t,u) =
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  if t aconv u then None
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  else
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  let val hyps' = filter (not o is_eq_thm) hyps
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      val goal = Logic.list_implies (map (#prop o Thm.rep_thm) hyps',
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        FOLogic.mk_Trueprop (mk_eq_iff (t, u)));
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  in Some (hyps' MRS Tactic.prove sg xs [] goal (K (EVERY tacs)))
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      handle ERROR_MESSAGE msg =>
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        (warning (msg ^ "\nCancellation failed: no typing information? (" ^ name ^ ")"); None)
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  end;
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fun prep_simproc (name, pats, proc) =
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  Simplifier.simproc (Theory.sign_of (the_context ())) name pats proc;
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(*** Use CancelNumerals simproc without binary numerals,
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     just for cancellation ***)
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val mk_times = FOLogic.mk_binop "Arith.mult";
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fun mk_prod [] = one
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  | mk_prod [t] = t
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  | mk_prod (t :: ts) = if t = one then mk_prod ts
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                        else mk_times (t, mk_prod ts);
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val dest_times = FOLogic.dest_bin "Arith.mult" iT;
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fun dest_prod t =
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      let val (t,u) = dest_times t
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      in  dest_prod t @ dest_prod u  end
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      handle TERM _ => [t];
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(*Dummy version: the only arguments are 0 and 1*)
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fun mk_coeff (0, t) = zero
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  | mk_coeff (1, t) = t
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  | mk_coeff _       = raise TERM("mk_coeff", []);
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(*Dummy version: the "coefficient" is always 1.
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  In the result, the factors are sorted terms*)
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fun dest_coeff t = (1, mk_prod (sort Term.term_ord (dest_prod t)));
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(*Find first coefficient-term THAT MATCHES u*)
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fun find_first_coeff past u [] = raise TERM("find_first_coeff", [])
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  | find_first_coeff past u (t::terms) =
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        let val (n,u') = dest_coeff t
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        in  if u aconv u' then (n, rev past @ terms)
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                          else find_first_coeff (t::past) u terms
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        end
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        handle TERM _ => find_first_coeff (t::past) u terms;
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(*Simplify #1*n and n*#1 to n*)
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val add_0s = [add_0_natify, add_0_right_natify];
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val add_succs = [add_succ, add_succ_right];
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val mult_1s = [mult_1_natify, mult_1_right_natify];
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val tc_rules = [natify_in_nat, add_type, diff_type, mult_type];
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val natifys = [natify_0, natify_ident, add_natify1, add_natify2,
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               diff_natify1, diff_natify2];
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(*Final simplification: cancel + and **)
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fun simplify_meta_eq rules =
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    mk_meta_eq o
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    simplify (FOL_ss addeqcongs[eq_cong2,iff_cong2]
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                     delsimps iff_simps (*these could erase the whole rule!*)
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                     addsimps rules);
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val final_rules = add_0s @ mult_1s @ [mult_0, mult_0_right];
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structure CancelNumeralsCommon =
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  struct
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  val mk_sum            = (fn T:typ => mk_sum)
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  val dest_sum          = dest_sum
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  val mk_coeff          = mk_coeff
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  val dest_coeff        = dest_coeff
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  val find_first_coeff  = find_first_coeff []
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  val norm_tac_ss1 = ZF_ss addsimps add_0s@add_succs@mult_1s@add_ac
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  val norm_tac_ss2 = ZF_ss addsimps add_0s@mult_1s@
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                                    add_ac@mult_ac@tc_rules@natifys
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  val norm_tac = ALLGOALS (asm_simp_tac norm_tac_ss1)
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                 THEN ALLGOALS (asm_simp_tac norm_tac_ss2)
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  val numeral_simp_tac_ss = ZF_ss addsimps add_0s@tc_rules@natifys
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  val numeral_simp_tac  = ALLGOALS (asm_simp_tac numeral_simp_tac_ss)
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  val simplify_meta_eq  = simplify_meta_eq final_rules
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  end;
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(** The functor argumnets are declared as separate structures
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    so that they can be exported to ease debugging. **)
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structure EqCancelNumeralsData =
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  struct
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  open CancelNumeralsCommon
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  val prove_conv = prove_conv "nateq_cancel_numerals"
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  val mk_bal   = FOLogic.mk_eq
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  val dest_bal = FOLogic.dest_eq
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  val bal_add1 = eq_add_iff RS iff_trans
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  val bal_add2 = eq_add_iff RS iff_trans
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  val trans_tac = gen_trans_tac iff_trans
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  end;
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structure EqCancelNumerals = CancelNumeralsFun(EqCancelNumeralsData);
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structure LessCancelNumeralsData =
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  struct
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  open CancelNumeralsCommon
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  val prove_conv = prove_conv "natless_cancel_numerals"
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  val mk_bal   = FOLogic.mk_binrel "Ordinal.lt"
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  val dest_bal = FOLogic.dest_bin "Ordinal.lt" iT
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  val bal_add1 = less_add_iff RS iff_trans
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  val bal_add2 = less_add_iff RS iff_trans
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  val trans_tac = gen_trans_tac iff_trans
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  end;
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structure LessCancelNumerals = CancelNumeralsFun(LessCancelNumeralsData);
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structure DiffCancelNumeralsData =
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  struct
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  open CancelNumeralsCommon
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  val prove_conv = prove_conv "natdiff_cancel_numerals"
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  val mk_bal   = FOLogic.mk_binop "Arith.diff"
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  val dest_bal = FOLogic.dest_bin "Arith.diff" iT
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  val bal_add1 = diff_add_eq RS trans
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  val bal_add2 = diff_add_eq RS trans
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  val trans_tac = gen_trans_tac trans
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  end;
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structure DiffCancelNumerals = CancelNumeralsFun(DiffCancelNumeralsData);
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val nat_cancel =
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  map prep_simproc
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   [("nateq_cancel_numerals",
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     ["l #+ m = n", "l = m #+ n",
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      "l #* m = n", "l = m #* n",
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      "succ(m) = n", "m = succ(n)"],
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     EqCancelNumerals.proc),
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    ("natless_cancel_numerals",
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     ["l #+ m < n", "l < m #+ n",
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      "l #* m < n", "l < m #* n",
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      "succ(m) < n", "m < succ(n)"],
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     LessCancelNumerals.proc),
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    ("natdiff_cancel_numerals",
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     ["(l #+ m) #- n", "l #- (m #+ n)",
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      "(l #* m) #- n", "l #- (m #* n)",
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      "succ(m) #- n", "m #- succ(n)"],
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     DiffCancelNumerals.proc)];
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end;
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Addsimprocs ArithData.nat_cancel;
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(*examples:
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print_depth 22;
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set timing;
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set trace_simp;
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fun test s = (Goal s; by (Asm_simp_tac 1));
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test "x #+ y = x #+ z";
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test "y #+ x = x #+ z";
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test "x #+ y #+ z = x #+ z";
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test "y #+ (z #+ x) = z #+ x";
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test "x #+ y #+ z = (z #+ y) #+ (x #+ w)";
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test "x#*y #+ z = (z #+ y) #+ (y#*x #+ w)";
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test "x #+ succ(y) = x #+ z";
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test "x #+ succ(y) = succ(z #+ x)";
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test "succ(x) #+ succ(y) #+ z = succ(z #+ y) #+ succ(x #+ w)";
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test "(x #+ y) #- (x #+ z) = w";
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test "(y #+ x) #- (x #+ z) = dd";
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test "(x #+ y #+ z) #- (x #+ z) = dd";
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test "(y #+ (z #+ x)) #- (z #+ x) = dd";
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test "(x #+ y #+ z) #- ((z #+ y) #+ (x #+ w)) = dd";
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test "(x#*y #+ z) #- ((z #+ y) #+ (y#*x #+ w)) = dd";
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(*BAD occurrence of natify*)
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test "(x #+ succ(y)) #- (x #+ z) = dd";
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test "x #* y2 #+ y #* x2 = y #* x2 #+ x #* y2";
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test "(x #+ succ(y)) #- (succ(z #+ x)) = dd";
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test "(succ(x) #+ succ(y) #+ z) #- (succ(z #+ y) #+ succ(x #+ w)) = dd";
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(*use of typing information*)
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test "x : nat ==> x #+ y = x";
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test "x : nat --> x #+ y = x";
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test "x : nat ==> x #+ y < x";
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test "x : nat ==> x < y#+x";
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test "x : nat ==> x le succ(x)";
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(*fails: no typing information isn't visible*)
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test "x #+ y = x";
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test "x #+ y < x #+ z";
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test "y #+ x < x #+ z";
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test "x #+ y #+ z < x #+ z";
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test "y #+ z #+ x < x #+ z";
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test "y #+ (z #+ x) < z #+ x";
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test "x #+ y #+ z < (z #+ y) #+ (x #+ w)";
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test "x#*y #+ z < (z #+ y) #+ (y#*x #+ w)";
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test "x #+ succ(y) < x #+ z";
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test "x #+ succ(y) < succ(z #+ x)";
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test "succ(x) #+ succ(y) #+ z < succ(z #+ y) #+ succ(x #+ w)";
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test "x #+ succ(y) le succ(z #+ x)";
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*)