src/HOL/Tools/SMT/smt_normalize.ML
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(*  Title:      HOL/Tools/SMT/smt_normalize.ML
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    Author:     Sascha Boehme, TU Muenchen
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Normalization steps on theorems required by SMT solvers.
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*)
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signature SMT_NORMALIZE =
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sig
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  val drop_fact_warning: Proof.context -> thm -> unit
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  val atomize_conv: Proof.context -> conv
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  val special_quant_table: (string * thm) list
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  val case_bool_entry: string * thm
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  val abs_min_max_table: (string * thm) list
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  type extra_norm = Proof.context -> thm list * thm list -> thm list * thm list
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  val add_extra_norm: SMT_Util.class * extra_norm -> Context.generic -> Context.generic
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  val normalize: Proof.context -> thm list -> (int * thm) list
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end;
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structure SMT_Normalize: SMT_NORMALIZE =
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struct
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fun drop_fact_warning ctxt =
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  SMT_Config.verbose_msg ctxt (prefix "Warning: dropping assumption: " o
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    Thm.string_of_thm ctxt)
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(* general theorem normalizations *)
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(** instantiate elimination rules **)
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local
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  val (cpfalse, cfalse) = `SMT_Util.mk_cprop (Thm.cterm_of @{context} @{const False})
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  fun inst f ct thm =
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    let val cv = f (Drule.strip_imp_concl (Thm.cprop_of thm))
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    in Thm.instantiate ([], [(dest_Var (Thm.term_of cv), ct)]) thm end
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in
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fun instantiate_elim thm =
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  (case Thm.concl_of thm of
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    @{const Trueprop} $ Var (_, @{typ bool}) => inst Thm.dest_arg cfalse thm
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  | Var _ => inst I cpfalse thm
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  | _ => thm)
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end
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(** normalize definitions **)
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fun norm_def thm =
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  (case Thm.prop_of thm of
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    @{const Trueprop} $ (Const (@{const_name HOL.eq}, _) $ _ $ Abs _) =>
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      norm_def (thm RS @{thm fun_cong})
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  | Const (@{const_name Pure.eq}, _) $ _ $ Abs _ => norm_def (thm RS @{thm meta_eq_to_obj_eq})
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  | _ => thm)
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(** atomization **)
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fun atomize_conv ctxt ct =
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  (case Thm.term_of ct of
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    @{const Pure.imp} $ _ $ _ =>
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      Conv.binop_conv (atomize_conv ctxt) then_conv Conv.rewr_conv @{thm atomize_imp}
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  | Const (@{const_name Pure.eq}, _) $ _ $ _ =>
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      Conv.binop_conv (atomize_conv ctxt) then_conv Conv.rewr_conv @{thm atomize_eq}
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  | Const (@{const_name Pure.all}, _) $ Abs _ =>
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      Conv.binder_conv (atomize_conv o snd) ctxt then_conv Conv.rewr_conv @{thm atomize_all}
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  | _ => Conv.all_conv) ct
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  handle CTERM _ => Conv.all_conv ct
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val setup_atomize =
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  fold SMT_Builtin.add_builtin_fun_ext'' [@{const_name Pure.imp}, @{const_name Pure.eq},
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    @{const_name Pure.all}, @{const_name Trueprop}]
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(** unfold special quantifiers **)
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val special_quant_table = [
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  (@{const_name Ex1}, @{thm Ex1_def_raw}),
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  (@{const_name Ball}, @{thm Ball_def_raw}),
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  (@{const_name Bex}, @{thm Bex_def_raw})]
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local
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  fun special_quant (Const (n, _)) = AList.lookup (op =) special_quant_table n
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    | special_quant _ = NONE
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  fun special_quant_conv _ ct =
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    (case special_quant (Thm.term_of ct) of
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      SOME thm => Conv.rewr_conv thm
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    | NONE => Conv.all_conv) ct
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in
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fun unfold_special_quants_conv ctxt =
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  SMT_Util.if_exists_conv (is_some o special_quant) (Conv.top_conv special_quant_conv ctxt)
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val setup_unfolded_quants = fold (SMT_Builtin.add_builtin_fun_ext'' o fst) special_quant_table
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end
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(** trigger inference **)
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local
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  (*** check trigger syntax ***)
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  fun dest_trigger (Const (@{const_name pat}, _) $ _) = SOME true
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    | dest_trigger (Const (@{const_name nopat}, _) $ _) = SOME false
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    | dest_trigger _ = NONE
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  fun eq_list [] = false
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    | eq_list (b :: bs) = forall (equal b) bs
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  fun proper_trigger t =
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    t
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    |> these o try SMT_Util.dest_symb_list
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    |> map (map_filter dest_trigger o these o try SMT_Util.dest_symb_list)
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    |> (fn [] => false | bss => forall eq_list bss)
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  fun proper_quant inside f t =
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    (case t of
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      Const (@{const_name All}, _) $ Abs (_, _, u) => proper_quant true f u
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    | Const (@{const_name Ex}, _) $ Abs (_, _, u) => proper_quant true f u
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    | @{const trigger} $ p $ u =>
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        (if inside then f p else false) andalso proper_quant false f u
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    | Abs (_, _, u) => proper_quant false f u
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    | u1 $ u2 => proper_quant false f u1 andalso proper_quant false f u2
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    | _ => true)
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  fun check_trigger_error ctxt t =
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    error ("SMT triggers must only occur under quantifier and multipatterns " ^
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      "must have the same kind: " ^ Syntax.string_of_term ctxt t)
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  fun check_trigger_conv ctxt ct =
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    if proper_quant false proper_trigger (SMT_Util.term_of ct) then Conv.all_conv ct
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    else check_trigger_error ctxt (Thm.term_of ct)
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  (*** infer simple triggers ***)
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  fun dest_cond_eq ct =
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    (case Thm.term_of ct of
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      Const (@{const_name HOL.eq}, _) $ _ $ _ => Thm.dest_binop ct
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    | @{const HOL.implies} $ _ $ _ => dest_cond_eq (Thm.dest_arg ct)
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    | _ => raise CTERM ("no equation", [ct]))
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  fun get_constrs thy (Type (n, _)) = these (BNF_LFP_Compat.get_constrs thy n)
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    | get_constrs _ _ = []
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  fun is_constr thy (n, T) =
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    let fun match (m, U) = m = n andalso Sign.typ_instance thy (T, U)
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    in can (the o find_first match o get_constrs thy o Term.body_type) T end
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  fun is_constr_pat thy t =
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    (case Term.strip_comb t of
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      (Free _, []) => true
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    | (Const c, ts) => is_constr thy c andalso forall (is_constr_pat thy) ts
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    | _ => false)
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  fun is_simp_lhs ctxt t =
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    (case Term.strip_comb t of
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      (Const c, ts as _ :: _) =>
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        not (SMT_Builtin.is_builtin_fun_ext ctxt c ts) andalso
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        forall (is_constr_pat (Proof_Context.theory_of ctxt)) ts
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    | _ => false)
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  fun has_all_vars vs t =
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    subset (op aconv) (vs, map Free (Term.add_frees t []))
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  fun minimal_pats vs ct =
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    if has_all_vars vs (Thm.term_of ct) then
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      (case Thm.term_of ct of
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        _ $ _ =>
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          (case apply2 (minimal_pats vs) (Thm.dest_comb ct) of
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            ([], []) => [[ct]]
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          | (ctss, ctss') => union (eq_set (op aconvc)) ctss ctss')
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      | _ => [])
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    else []
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  fun proper_mpat _ _ _ [] = false
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    | proper_mpat thy gen u cts =
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        let
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          val tps = (op ~~) (`gen (map Thm.term_of cts))
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          fun some_match u = tps |> exists (fn (t', t) =>
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            Pattern.matches thy (t', u) andalso not (t aconv u))
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        in not (Term.exists_subterm some_match u) end
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  val pat = SMT_Util.mk_const_pat @{theory} @{const_name pat} SMT_Util.destT1
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  fun mk_pat ct = Thm.apply (SMT_Util.instT' ct pat) ct
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  fun mk_clist T =
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    apply2 (Thm.cterm_of @{context}) (SMT_Util.symb_cons_const T, SMT_Util.symb_nil_const T)
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  fun mk_list (ccons, cnil) f cts = fold_rev (Thm.mk_binop ccons o f) cts cnil
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  val mk_pat_list = mk_list (mk_clist @{typ pattern})
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  val mk_mpat_list = mk_list (mk_clist @{typ "pattern symb_list"})
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  fun mk_trigger ctss = mk_mpat_list (mk_pat_list mk_pat) ctss
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  val trigger_eq = mk_meta_eq @{lemma "p = trigger t p" by (simp add: trigger_def)}
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  fun insert_trigger_conv [] ct = Conv.all_conv ct
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    | insert_trigger_conv ctss ct =
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        let
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          val (ctr, cp) = Thm.dest_binop (Thm.rhs_of trigger_eq) ||> rpair ct
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          val inst = map (apfst (dest_Var o Thm.term_of)) [cp, (ctr, mk_trigger ctss)]
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        in Thm.instantiate ([], inst) trigger_eq end
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  fun infer_trigger_eq_conv outer_ctxt (ctxt, cvs) ct =
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    let
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      val (lhs, rhs) = dest_cond_eq ct
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      val vs = map Thm.term_of cvs
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      val thy = Proof_Context.theory_of ctxt
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      fun get_mpats ct =
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        if is_simp_lhs ctxt (Thm.term_of ct) then minimal_pats vs ct
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        else []
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      val gen = Variable.export_terms ctxt outer_ctxt
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      val filter_mpats = filter (proper_mpat thy gen (Thm.term_of rhs))
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    in insert_trigger_conv (filter_mpats (get_mpats lhs)) ct end
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  fun has_trigger (@{const trigger} $ _ $ _) = true
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    | has_trigger _ = false
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  fun try_trigger_conv cv ct =
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    if SMT_Util.under_quant has_trigger (SMT_Util.term_of ct) then Conv.all_conv ct
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    else Conv.try_conv cv ct
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  fun infer_trigger_conv ctxt =
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    if Config.get ctxt SMT_Config.infer_triggers then
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      try_trigger_conv (SMT_Util.under_quant_conv (infer_trigger_eq_conv ctxt) ctxt)
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    else Conv.all_conv
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in
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fun trigger_conv ctxt =
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  SMT_Util.prop_conv (check_trigger_conv ctxt then_conv infer_trigger_conv ctxt)
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val setup_trigger =
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  fold SMT_Builtin.add_builtin_fun_ext''
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    [@{const_name pat}, @{const_name nopat}, @{const_name trigger}]
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end
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(** combined general normalizations **)
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fun gen_normalize1_conv ctxt =
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  atomize_conv ctxt then_conv
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  unfold_special_quants_conv ctxt then_conv
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  Thm.beta_conversion true then_conv
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  trigger_conv ctxt
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fun gen_normalize1 ctxt =
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  instantiate_elim #>
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  norm_def #>
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  Conv.fconv_rule (Thm.beta_conversion true then_conv Thm.eta_conversion) #>
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  Drule.forall_intr_vars #>
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  Conv.fconv_rule (gen_normalize1_conv ctxt) #>
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  (* Z3 4.3.1 silently normalizes "P --> Q --> R" to "P & Q --> R" *)
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  Raw_Simplifier.rewrite_rule ctxt @{thms HOL.imp_conjL[symmetric, THEN eq_reflection]}
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fun gen_norm1_safe ctxt (i, thm) =
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  (case try (gen_normalize1 ctxt) thm of
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    SOME thm' => SOME (i, thm')
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  | NONE => (drop_fact_warning ctxt thm; NONE))
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fun gen_normalize ctxt iwthms = map_filter (gen_norm1_safe ctxt) iwthms
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(* unfolding of definitions and theory-specific rewritings *)
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fun expand_head_conv cv ct =
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  (case Thm.term_of ct of
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    _ $ _ =>
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      Conv.fun_conv (expand_head_conv cv) then_conv
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      Conv.try_conv (Thm.beta_conversion false)
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  | _ => cv) ct
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(** rewrite bool case expressions as if expressions **)
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val case_bool_entry = (@{const_name "bool.case_bool"}, @{thm case_bool_if})
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local
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  fun is_case_bool (Const (@{const_name "bool.case_bool"}, _)) = true
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    | is_case_bool _ = false
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  fun unfold_conv _ =
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    SMT_Util.if_true_conv (is_case_bool o Term.head_of)
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      (expand_head_conv (Conv.rewr_conv @{thm case_bool_if}))
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in
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fun rewrite_case_bool_conv ctxt =
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  SMT_Util.if_exists_conv is_case_bool (Conv.top_conv unfold_conv ctxt)
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val setup_case_bool = SMT_Builtin.add_builtin_fun_ext'' @{const_name "bool.case_bool"}
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end
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(** unfold abs, min and max **)
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val abs_min_max_table = [
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  (@{const_name min}, @{thm min_def_raw}),
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  (@{const_name max}, @{thm max_def_raw}),
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  (@{const_name abs}, @{thm abs_if_raw})]
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local
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  fun abs_min_max ctxt (Const (n, Type (@{type_name fun}, [T, _]))) =
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        (case AList.lookup (op =) abs_min_max_table n of
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          NONE => NONE
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        | SOME thm => if SMT_Builtin.is_builtin_typ_ext ctxt T then SOME thm else NONE)
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    | abs_min_max _ _ = NONE
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  fun unfold_amm_conv ctxt ct =
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    (case abs_min_max ctxt (Term.head_of (Thm.term_of ct)) of
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      SOME thm => expand_head_conv (Conv.rewr_conv thm)
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    | NONE => Conv.all_conv) ct
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in
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fun unfold_abs_min_max_conv ctxt =
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  SMT_Util.if_exists_conv (is_some o abs_min_max ctxt) (Conv.top_conv unfold_amm_conv ctxt)
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val setup_abs_min_max = fold (SMT_Builtin.add_builtin_fun_ext'' o fst) abs_min_max_table
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end
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(** embedding of standard natural number operations into integer operations **)
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local
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  val nat_embedding = @{thms nat_int' int_nat_nneg int_nat_neg}
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  val simple_nat_ops = [
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    @{const less (nat)}, @{const less_eq (nat)},
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    @{const Suc}, @{const plus (nat)}, @{const minus (nat)}]
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  val mult_nat_ops =
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    [@{const times (nat)}, @{const divide (nat)}, @{const modulo (nat)}]
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  val nat_ops = simple_nat_ops @ mult_nat_ops
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  val nat_consts = nat_ops @ [@{const numeral (nat)},
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    @{const zero_class.zero (nat)}, @{const one_class.one (nat)}]
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  val nat_int_coercions = [@{const of_nat (int)}, @{const nat}]
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  val builtin_nat_ops = nat_int_coercions @ simple_nat_ops
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  val is_nat_const = member (op aconv) nat_consts
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  fun is_nat_const' @{const of_nat (int)} = true
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    | is_nat_const' t = is_nat_const t
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  val expands = map mk_meta_eq @{thms nat_zero_as_int nat_one_as_int nat_numeral_as_int
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    nat_less_as_int nat_leq_as_int Suc_as_int nat_plus_as_int nat_minus_as_int nat_times_as_int
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    nat_div_as_int nat_mod_as_int}
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  val ints = map mk_meta_eq @{thms of_nat_0 of_nat_1 int_Suc int_plus int_minus of_nat_mult zdiv_int
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    zmod_int}
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  val int_if = mk_meta_eq @{lemma "int (if P then n else m) = (if P then int n else int m)" by simp}
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  fun mk_number_eq ctxt i lhs =
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    let
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      val eq = SMT_Util.mk_cequals lhs (Numeral.mk_cnumber @{ctyp int} i)
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      val ctxt' = put_simpset HOL_ss ctxt addsimps @{thms of_nat_numeral}
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      val tac = HEADGOAL (Simplifier.simp_tac ctxt')
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    in Goal.norm_result ctxt (Goal.prove_internal ctxt [] eq (K tac)) end
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  fun ite_conv cv1 cv2 =
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    Conv.combination_conv (Conv.combination_conv (Conv.arg_conv cv1) cv2) cv2
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  fun int_conv ctxt ct =
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    (case Thm.term_of ct of
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      @{const of_nat (int)} $ (n as (@{const numeral (nat)} $ _)) =>
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        Conv.rewr_conv (mk_number_eq ctxt (snd (HOLogic.dest_number n)) ct)
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    | @{const of_nat (int)} $ _ =>
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        (Conv.rewrs_conv ints then_conv Conv.sub_conv ints_conv ctxt) else_conv
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        (Conv.rewr_conv int_if then_conv
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          ite_conv (nat_conv ctxt) (int_conv ctxt)) else_conv
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        Conv.sub_conv (Conv.top_sweep_conv nat_conv) ctxt
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    | _ => Conv.no_conv) ct
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  and ints_conv ctxt = Conv.top_sweep_conv int_conv ctxt
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  and expand_conv ctxt =
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    SMT_Util.if_conv (is_nat_const o Term.head_of)
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      (expand_head_conv (Conv.rewrs_conv expands) then_conv ints_conv ctxt) (int_conv ctxt)
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  and nat_conv ctxt = SMT_Util.if_exists_conv is_nat_const' (Conv.top_sweep_conv expand_conv ctxt)
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  val uses_nat_int = Term.exists_subterm (member (op aconv) nat_int_coercions)
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in
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val nat_as_int_conv = nat_conv
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fun add_nat_embedding thms =
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  if exists (uses_nat_int o Thm.prop_of) thms then (thms, nat_embedding) else (thms, [])
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val setup_nat_as_int =
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  SMT_Builtin.add_builtin_typ_ext (@{typ nat},
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    fn ctxt => K (Config.get ctxt SMT_Config.nat_as_int)) #>
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  fold (SMT_Builtin.add_builtin_fun_ext' o Term.dest_Const) builtin_nat_ops
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end
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(** normalize numerals **)
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local
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  (*
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    rewrite Numeral1 into 1
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    rewrite - 0 into 0
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  *)
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   416
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  fun is_irregular_number (Const (@{const_name numeral}, _) $ Const (@{const_name num.One}, _)) =
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        true
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    | is_irregular_number (Const (@{const_name uminus}, _) $ Const (@{const_name Groups.zero}, _)) =
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        true
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    | is_irregular_number _ = false
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  fun is_strange_number ctxt t = is_irregular_number t andalso SMT_Builtin.is_builtin_num ctxt t
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  val proper_num_ss =
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    simpset_of (put_simpset HOL_ss @{context} addsimps @{thms Num.numeral_One minus_zero})
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   427
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  fun norm_num_conv ctxt =
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    SMT_Util.if_conv (is_strange_number ctxt) (Simplifier.rewrite (put_simpset proper_num_ss ctxt))
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      Conv.no_conv
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in
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   432
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fun normalize_numerals_conv ctxt =
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  SMT_Util.if_exists_conv (is_strange_number ctxt) (Conv.top_sweep_conv norm_num_conv ctxt)
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end
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   438
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   439
(** combined unfoldings and rewritings **)
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fun burrow_ids f ithms =
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  let
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    val (is, thms) = split_list ithms
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    val (thms', extra_thms) = f thms
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  in (is ~~ thms') @ map (pair ~1) extra_thms end
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   446
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fun unfold_conv ctxt =
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  rewrite_case_bool_conv ctxt then_conv
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   449
  unfold_abs_min_max_conv ctxt then_conv
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  (if Config.get ctxt SMT_Config.nat_as_int then nat_as_int_conv ctxt
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   else Conv.all_conv) then_conv
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  Thm.beta_conversion true
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   453
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   454
fun unfold_polymorph ctxt = map (apsnd (Conv.fconv_rule (unfold_conv ctxt)))
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fun unfold_monomorph ctxt =
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  map (apsnd (Conv.fconv_rule (normalize_numerals_conv ctxt)))
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  #> Config.get ctxt SMT_Config.nat_as_int ? burrow_ids add_nat_embedding
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   459
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(* overall normalization *)
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type extra_norm = Proof.context -> thm list * thm list -> thm list * thm list
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structure Extra_Norms = Generic_Data
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(
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  type T = extra_norm SMT_Util.dict
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  val empty = []
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  val extend = I
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   469
  fun merge data = SMT_Util.dict_merge fst data
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)
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   471
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fun add_extra_norm (cs, norm) = Extra_Norms.map (SMT_Util.dict_update (cs, norm))
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fun apply_extra_norms ctxt ithms =
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   475
  let
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    val cs = SMT_Config.solver_class_of ctxt
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   477
    val es = SMT_Util.dict_lookup (Extra_Norms.get (Context.Proof ctxt)) cs
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  in burrow_ids (fold (fn e => e ctxt) es o rpair []) ithms end
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local
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   481
  val ignored = member (op =) [@{const_name All}, @{const_name Ex},
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    @{const_name Let}, @{const_name If}, @{const_name HOL.eq}]
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   483
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   484
  val schematic_consts_of =
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   485
    let
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   486
      fun collect (@{const trigger} $ p $ t) = collect_trigger p #> collect t
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        | collect (t $ u) = collect t #> collect u
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        | collect (Abs (_, _, t)) = collect t
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   489
        | collect (t as Const (n, _)) =
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   490
            if not (ignored n) then Monomorph.add_schematic_consts_of t else I
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   491
        | collect _ = I
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   492
      and collect_trigger t =
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   493
        let val dest = these o try SMT_Util.dest_symb_list
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   494
        in fold (fold collect_pat o dest) (dest t) end
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   495
      and collect_pat (Const (@{const_name pat}, _) $ t) = collect t
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   496
        | collect_pat (Const (@{const_name nopat}, _) $ t) = collect t
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   497
        | collect_pat _ = I
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   498
    in (fn t => collect t Symtab.empty) end
624faeda77b5 moved 'SMT2' (SMT-LIB-2-based SMT module) into Isabelle
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   499
in
624faeda77b5 moved 'SMT2' (SMT-LIB-2-based SMT module) into Isabelle
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   500
624faeda77b5 moved 'SMT2' (SMT-LIB-2-based SMT module) into Isabelle
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   501
fun monomorph ctxt xthms =
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   502
  let val (xs, thms) = split_list xthms
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   503
  in
624faeda77b5 moved 'SMT2' (SMT-LIB-2-based SMT module) into Isabelle
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   504
    map (pair 1) thms
624faeda77b5 moved 'SMT2' (SMT-LIB-2-based SMT module) into Isabelle
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   505
    |> Monomorph.monomorph schematic_consts_of ctxt
624faeda77b5 moved 'SMT2' (SMT-LIB-2-based SMT module) into Isabelle
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   506
    |> maps (uncurry (map o pair)) o map2 pair xs o map (map snd)
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   507
  end
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   508
624faeda77b5 moved 'SMT2' (SMT-LIB-2-based SMT module) into Isabelle
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   509
end
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   510
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   511
fun normalize ctxt wthms =
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   512
  wthms
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   513
  |> map_index I
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   514
  |> gen_normalize ctxt
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  |> unfold_polymorph ctxt
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   516
  |> monomorph ctxt
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  |> unfold_monomorph ctxt
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   518
  |> apply_extra_norms ctxt
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   519
624faeda77b5 moved 'SMT2' (SMT-LIB-2-based SMT module) into Isabelle
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   520
val _ = Theory.setup (Context.theory_map (
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   521
  setup_atomize #>
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   522
  setup_unfolded_quants #>
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   523
  setup_trigger #>
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   524
  setup_case_bool #>
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   525
  setup_abs_min_max #>
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   526
  setup_nat_as_int))
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end;