src/ZF/AC.thy
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(*  Title:      ZF/AC.thy
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    ID:         $Id$
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    Author:     Lawrence C Paulson, Cambridge University Computer Laboratory
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    Copyright   1994  University of Cambridge
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*)
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header{*The Axiom of Choice*}
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theory AC imports Main begin
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text{*This definition comes from Halmos (1960), page 59.*}
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axioms AC: "[| a: A;  !!x. x:A ==> (EX y. y:B(x)) |] ==> EX z. z : Pi(A,B)"
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(*The same as AC, but no premise a \<in> A*)
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lemma AC_Pi: "[| !!x. x \<in> A ==> (\<exists>y. y \<in> B(x)) |] ==> \<exists>z. z \<in> Pi(A,B)"
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apply (case_tac "A=0")
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apply (simp add: Pi_empty1)
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(*The non-trivial case*)
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apply (blast intro: AC)
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done
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(*Using dtac, this has the advantage of DELETING the universal quantifier*)
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lemma AC_ball_Pi: "\<forall>x \<in> A. \<exists>y. y \<in> B(x) ==> \<exists>y. y \<in> Pi(A,B)"
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apply (rule AC_Pi)
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apply (erule bspec, assumption)
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done
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lemma AC_Pi_Pow: "\<exists>f. f \<in> (\<Pi> X \<in> Pow(C)-{0}. X)"
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apply (rule_tac B1 = "%x. x" in AC_Pi [THEN exE])
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apply (erule_tac [2] exI, blast)
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done
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lemma AC_func:
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     "[| !!x. x \<in> A ==> (\<exists>y. y \<in> x) |] ==> \<exists>f \<in> A->Union(A). \<forall>x \<in> A. f`x \<in> x"
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apply (rule_tac B1 = "%x. x" in AC_Pi [THEN exE])
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prefer 2 apply (blast dest: apply_type intro: Pi_type, blast) 
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done
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lemma non_empty_family: "[| 0 \<notin> A;  x \<in> A |] ==> \<exists>y. y \<in> x"
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by (subgoal_tac "x \<noteq> 0", blast+)
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lemma AC_func0: "0 \<notin> A ==> \<exists>f \<in> A->Union(A). \<forall>x \<in> A. f`x \<in> x"
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apply (rule AC_func)
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apply (simp_all add: non_empty_family) 
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done
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lemma AC_func_Pow: "\<exists>f \<in> (Pow(C)-{0}) -> C. \<forall>x \<in> Pow(C)-{0}. f`x \<in> x"
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apply (rule AC_func0 [THEN bexE])
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apply (rule_tac [2] bexI)
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prefer 2 apply assumption
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apply (erule_tac [2] fun_weaken_type, blast+)
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done
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lemma AC_Pi0: "0 \<notin> A ==> \<exists>f. f \<in> (\<Pi> x \<in> A. x)"
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apply (rule AC_Pi)
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apply (simp_all add: non_empty_family) 
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done
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end