doc-src/System/Thy/document/Misc.tex

plain process_id function;

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\isamarkupchapter{Miscellaneous tools \label{ch:tools}%
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\begin{isamarkuptext}%
Subsequently we describe various Isabelle related utilities, given
  in alphabetical order.%
\end{isamarkuptext}%
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\isamarkupsection{The Proof General / Emacs interface%
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\begin{isamarkuptext}%
The \indexdef{}{tool}{emacs}\hypertarget{tool.emacs}{\hyperlink{tool.emacs}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{emacs}}}}} tool invokes a version of Emacs and Proof
  General within the regular Isabelle settings environment
  (\secref{sec:settings}).  This is more robust than starting Emacs
  separately, loading the Proof General lisp files, and then
  attempting to start Isabelle with dynamic \hyperlink{setting.PATH}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{PATH}}}} lookup
  etc.

  The actual interface script is part of the Proof General
  distribution~\cite{proofgeneral}; its usage depends on the
  particular version.  There are some options available, such as
  \verb|-l| for passing the logic image to be used by default,
  or \verb|-m| to tune the standard print mode.  The following
  Isabelle settings are particularly important for Proof General:

  \begin{description}

  \item[\indexdef{}{setting}{PROOFGENERAL\_HOME}\hypertarget{setting.PROOFGENERAL-HOME}{\hyperlink{setting.PROOFGENERAL-HOME}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{PROOFGENERAL{\isacharunderscore}HOME}}}}}] points to the main
  installation directory of the Proof General distribution.  The
  default settings try to locate this in a number of standard places,
  notably \verb|$ISABELLE_HOME/contrib/ProofGeneral|.

  \item[\indexdef{}{setting}{PROOFGENERAL\_OPTIONS}\hypertarget{setting.PROOFGENERAL-OPTIONS}{\hyperlink{setting.PROOFGENERAL-OPTIONS}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{PROOFGENERAL{\isacharunderscore}OPTIONS}}}}}] is implicitly prefixed to
  the command line of any invocation of the Proof General \verb|interface| script.

  \item[\indexdef{}{setting}{XSYMBOL\_INSTALLFONTS}\hypertarget{setting.XSYMBOL-INSTALLFONTS}{\hyperlink{setting.XSYMBOL-INSTALLFONTS}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{XSYMBOL{\isacharunderscore}INSTALLFONTS}}}}}] may contain a small shell
  script to install the X11 fonts required for the X-Symbols mode of
  Proof General.  This is only relevant if the X11 display server runs
  on a different machine than the Emacs application, with a different
  file-system view on the Proof General installation.  Under most
  circumstances Proof General is able to refer to the font files that
  are part of its distribution.

  \end{description}%
\end{isamarkuptext}%
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\isamarkupsection{Displaying documents%
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\begin{isamarkuptext}%
The \indexdef{}{tool}{display}\hypertarget{tool.display}{\hyperlink{tool.display}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{display}}}}} utility displays documents in DVI or PDF
  format:
\begin{ttbox}
Usage: display [OPTIONS] FILE

  Options are:
    -c           cleanup -- remove FILE after use

  Display document FILE (in DVI format).
\end{ttbox}

  \medskip The \verb|-c| option causes the input file to be
  removed after use.  The program for viewing \verb|dvi| files is
  determined by the \hyperlink{setting.DVI-VIEWER}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{DVI{\isacharunderscore}VIEWER}}}} setting.%
\end{isamarkuptext}%
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\isamarkupsection{Viewing documentation \label{sec:tool-doc}%
}
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\begin{isamarkuptext}%
The \indexdef{}{tool}{doc}\hypertarget{tool.doc}{\hyperlink{tool.doc}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{doc}}}}} utility displays online documentation:
\begin{ttbox}
Usage: doc [DOC]

  View Isabelle documentation DOC, or show list of available documents.
\end{ttbox}
  If called without arguments, it lists all available documents. Each
  line starts with an identifier, followed by a short description. Any
  of these identifiers may be specified as the first argument in order
  to have the corresponding document displayed.

  \medskip The \hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-DOCS}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}DOCS}}}} setting specifies the list of
  directories (separated by colons) to be scanned for documentations.
  The program for viewing \verb|dvi| files is determined by the
  \hyperlink{setting.DVI-VIEWER}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{DVI{\isacharunderscore}VIEWER}}}} setting.%
\end{isamarkuptext}%
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\isamarkupsection{Getting logic images%
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\begin{isamarkuptext}%
The \indexdef{}{tool}{findlogics}\hypertarget{tool.findlogics}{\hyperlink{tool.findlogics}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{findlogics}}}}} utility traverses all directories
  specified in \hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-PATH}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}PATH}}}}, looking for Isabelle logic
  images. Its usage is:
\begin{ttbox}
Usage: findlogics

  Collect heap file names from ISABELLE_PATH.
\end{ttbox}

  The base names of all files found on the path are printed --- sorted
  and with duplicates removed. Also note that lookup in \hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-PATH}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}PATH}}}} includes the current values of \hyperlink{setting.ML-SYSTEM}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ML{\isacharunderscore}SYSTEM}}}}
  and \hyperlink{setting.ML-PLATFORM}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ML{\isacharunderscore}PLATFORM}}}}. Thus switching to another ML compiler
  may change the set of logic images available.%
\end{isamarkuptext}%
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\isamarkupsection{Inspecting the settings environment \label{sec:tool-getenv}%
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\begin{isamarkuptext}%
The Isabelle settings environment --- as provided by the
  site-default and user-specific settings files --- can be inspected
  with the \indexdef{}{tool}{getenv}\hypertarget{tool.getenv}{\hyperlink{tool.getenv}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{getenv}}}}} utility:
\begin{ttbox}
Usage: getenv [OPTIONS] [VARNAMES ...]

  Options are:
    -a           display complete environment
    -b           print values only (doesn't work for -a)

  Get value of VARNAMES from the Isabelle settings.
\end{ttbox}

  With the \verb|-a| option, one may inspect the full process
  environment that Isabelle related programs are run in. This usually
  contains much more variables than are actually Isabelle settings.
  Normally, output is a list of lines of the form \isa{name}\verb|=|\isa{value}. The \verb|-b| option
  causes only the values to be printed.%
\end{isamarkuptext}%
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\isamarkupsubsubsection{Examples%
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\begin{isamarkuptext}%
Get the ML system name and the location where the compiler binaries
  are supposed to reside as follows:
\begin{ttbox}
isatool getenv ML_SYSTEM ML_HOME
{\out ML_SYSTEM=polyml}
{\out ML_HOME=/usr/share/polyml/x86-linux}
\end{ttbox}

  The next one peeks at the output directory for Isabelle logic
  images:
\begin{ttbox}
isatool getenv -b ISABELLE_OUTPUT
{\out /home/me/isabelle/heaps/polyml_x86-linux}
\end{ttbox}
  Here we have used the \verb|-b| option to suppress the
  \verb|ISABELLE_OUTPUT=| prefix.  The value above is what
  became of the following assignment in the default settings file:
\begin{ttbox}
ISABELLE_OUTPUT="\$ISABELLE_HOME_USER/heaps"
\end{ttbox}

  Note how the \hyperlink{setting.ML-IDENTIFIER}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ML{\isacharunderscore}IDENTIFIER}}}} value got appended
  automatically to each path component. This is a special feature of
  \hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-OUTPUT}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}OUTPUT}}}}.%
\end{isamarkuptext}%
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\isamarkupsection{Installing standalone Isabelle executables \label{sec:tool-install}%
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\begin{isamarkuptext}%
By default, the Isabelle binaries (\hyperlink{executable.isabelle-process}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{isabelle{\isacharminus}process}}}},
  \hyperlink{executable.isatool}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{isatool}}}} etc.) are just run from their location within
  the distribution directory, probably indirectly by the shell through
  its \hyperlink{setting.PATH}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{PATH}}}}.  Other schemes of installation are supported by
  the \indexdef{}{tool}{install}\hypertarget{tool.install}{\hyperlink{tool.install}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{install}}}}} utility:
\begin{ttbox}
Usage: install [OPTIONS]

  Options are:
    -d DISTDIR   use DISTDIR as Isabelle distribution
                 (default ISABELLE_HOME)
    -p DIR       install standalone binaries in DIR

  Install Isabelle executables with absolute references to the current
  distribution directory.
\end{ttbox}

  The \verb|-d| option overrides the current Isabelle
  distribution directory as determined by \hyperlink{setting.ISABELLE-HOME}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{ISABELLE{\isacharunderscore}HOME}}}}.

  The \verb|-p| option installs executable wrapper scripts for
  \hyperlink{executable.isabelle-process}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{isabelle{\isacharminus}process}}}}, \hyperlink{executable.isatool}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{isatool}}}},
  \hyperlink{executable.Isabelle}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{Isabelle}}}}, containing proper absolute references to the
  Isabelle distribution directory.  A typical \verb|DIR|
  specification would be some directory expected to be in the shell's
  \hyperlink{setting.PATH}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{PATH}}}}, such as \verb|/usr/local/bin|.  It is
  important to note that a plain manual copy of the original Isabelle
  executables does not work, since it disrupts the integrity of the
  Isabelle distribution.%
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\isamarkupsection{Creating instances of the Isabelle logo%
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The \indexdef{}{tool}{logo}\hypertarget{tool.logo}{\hyperlink{tool.logo}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{logo}}}}} utility creates any instance of the generic
  Isabelle logo as an Encapsuled Postscript file (EPS):
\begin{ttbox}
Usage: logo [OPTIONS] NAME

  Create instance NAME of the Isabelle logo (as EPS).

  Options are:
    -o OUTFILE   set output file (default determined from NAME)
    -q           quiet mode
\end{ttbox}
  You are encouraged to use this to create a derived logo for your
  Isabelle project.  For example, \verb|isatool| \hyperlink{tool.logo}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{logo}}}}~\verb|Bali| creates \verb|isabelle_bali.eps|.%
\end{isamarkuptext}%
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\isamarkupsection{Isabelle's version of make \label{sec:tool-make}%
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\begin{isamarkuptext}%
The Isabelle \indexdef{}{tool}{make}\hypertarget{tool.make}{\hyperlink{tool.make}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{make}}}}} utility is a very simple wrapper for
  ordinary Unix \hyperlink{executable.make}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{make}}}}:
\begin{ttbox}
Usage: make [ARGS ...]

  Compile the logic in current directory using IsaMakefile.
  ARGS are directly passed to the system make program.
\end{ttbox}

  Note that the Isabelle settings environment is also active. Thus one
  may refer to its values within the \verb|IsaMakefile|, e.g.\
  \verb|$(ISABELLE_OUTPUT)|. Furthermore, programs started from
  the make file also inherit this environment.  Typically, \verb|IsaMakefile|s defer the real work to the \indexref{}{tool}{usedir}\hyperlink{tool.usedir}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{usedir}}}} utility.

  \medskip The basic \verb|IsaMakefile| convention is that the
  default target builds the actual logic, including its parents if
  appropriate.  The \verb|images| target is intended to build all
  local logic images, while the \verb|test| target shall build
  all related examples.  The \verb|all| target shall do
  \verb|images| and \verb|test|.%
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\isamarkupsubsubsection{Examples%
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\begin{isamarkuptext}%
Refer to the \verb|IsaMakefile|s of the Isabelle distribution's
  object-logics as a model for your own developments.  For example,
  see \hyperlink{file.~~/src/FOL/IsaMakefile}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{{\isachartilde}{\isachartilde}{\isacharslash}src{\isacharslash}FOL{\isacharslash}IsaMakefile}}}}.%
\end{isamarkuptext}%
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\isamarkupsection{Make all logics%
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The \indexdef{}{tool}{makeall}\hypertarget{tool.makeall}{\hyperlink{tool.makeall}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{makeall}}}}} utility applies Isabelle make to all logic
  directories of the distribution:
\begin{ttbox}
Usage: makeall [ARGS ...]

  Apply isatool make to all logics (passing ARGS).
\end{ttbox}

  The arguments \verb|ARGS| are just passed verbatim to each
  \hyperlink{tool.make}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{make}}}} invocation.%
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\isamarkupsection{Printing documents%
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The \indexdef{}{tool}{print}\hypertarget{tool.print}{\hyperlink{tool.print}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{print}}}}} utility prints documents:
\begin{ttbox}
Usage: print [OPTIONS] FILE

  Options are:
    -c           cleanup -- remove FILE after use

  Print document FILE.
\end{ttbox}

  The \verb|-c| option causes the input file to be removed
  after use.  The printer spool command is determined by the \hyperlink{setting.PRINT-COMMAND}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{PRINT{\isacharunderscore}COMMAND}}}} setting.%
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\isamarkupsection{Run Isabelle with plain tty interaction \label{sec:tool-tty}%
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The \indexdef{}{tool}{tty}\hypertarget{tool.tty}{\hyperlink{tool.tty}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{tty}}}}} utility runs the Isabelle process interactively
  within a plain terminal session:
\begin{ttbox}
Usage: tty [OPTIONS]

  Options are:
    -l NAME      logic image name (default ISABELLE_LOGIC)
    -m MODE      add print mode for output
    -p NAME      line editor program name (default ISABELLE_LINE_EDITOR)

  Run Isabelle process with plain tty interaction, and optional line editor.
\end{ttbox}

  The \verb|-l| option specifies the logic image.  The
  \verb|-m| option specifies additional print modes.  The The
  \verb|-p| option specifies an alternative line editor (such
  as the \indexdef{}{executable}{rlwrap}\hypertarget{executable.rlwrap}{\hyperlink{executable.rlwrap}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{rlwrap}}}}} wrapper for GNU readline); the
  fall-back is to use raw standard input.%
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\isamarkupsection{Remove awkward symbol names from theory sources%
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The \indexdef{}{tool}{unsymbolize}\hypertarget{tool.unsymbolize}{\hyperlink{tool.unsymbolize}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{unsymbolize}}}}} utility tunes Isabelle theory sources to
  improve readability for plain ASCII output (e.g.\ in email
  communication).  Most notably, \hyperlink{tool.unsymbolize}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{unsymbolize}}}} replaces awkward
  arrow symbols such as \verb|\|\verb|<Longrightarrow>|
  by \verb|==>|.
\begin{ttbox}
Usage: unsymbolize [FILES|DIRS...]

  Recursively find .thy/.ML files, removing unreadable symbol names.
  Note: this is an ad-hoc script; there is no systematic way to replace
  symbols independently of the inner syntax of a theory!

  Renames old versions of FILES by appending "~~".
\end{ttbox}%
\end{isamarkuptext}%
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\isamarkupsection{Output the version identifier of the Isabelle distribution%
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The \indexdef{}{tool}{version}\hypertarget{tool.version}{\hyperlink{tool.version}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{version}}}}} utility outputs the full version string of
  the Isabelle distribution being used, e.g.\ ``\verb|Isabelle2008: June 2008|.  There are no options nor arguments.%
\end{isamarkuptext}%
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\isamarkupsection{Convert XML to YXML%
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The \indexdef{}{tool}{yxml}\hypertarget{tool.yxml}{\hyperlink{tool.yxml}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{yxml}}}}} tool converts a standard XML document (stdin)
  to the much simpler and more efficient YXML format of Isabelle
  (stdout).  The YXML format is defined as follows.

  \begin{enumerate}

  \item The encoding is always UTF-8.

  \item Body text is represented verbatim (no escaping, no special
  treatment of white space, no named entities, no CDATA chunks, no
  comments).

  \item Markup elements are represented via ASCII control characters
  \isa{{\isachardoublequote}\isactrlbold X\ {\isacharequal}\ {\isadigit{5}}{\isachardoublequote}} and \isa{{\isachardoublequote}\isactrlbold Y\ {\isacharequal}\ {\isadigit{6}}{\isachardoublequote}} as follows:

  \begin{tabular}{ll}
    XML & YXML \\\hline
    \verb|<|\isa{{\isachardoublequote}name\ attribute{\isachardoublequote}}\verb|=|\isa{{\isachardoublequote}value\ {\isasymdots}{\isachardoublequote}}\verb|>| &
    \isa{{\isachardoublequote}\isactrlbold X\isactrlbold Yname\isactrlbold Yattribute{\isachardoublequote}}\verb|=|\isa{{\isachardoublequote}value{\isasymdots}\isactrlbold X{\isachardoublequote}} \\
    \verb|</|\isa{name}\verb|>| & \isa{{\isachardoublequote}\isactrlbold X\isactrlbold Y\isactrlbold X{\isachardoublequote}} \\
  \end{tabular}

  There is no special case for empty body text, i.e.\ \verb|<foo/>| is treated like \verb|<foo></foo>|.  Also note that
  \isa{{\isachardoublequote}\isactrlbold X{\isachardoublequote}} and \isa{{\isachardoublequote}\isactrlbold Y{\isachardoublequote}} may never occur in
  well-formed XML documents.

  \end{enumerate}

  Parsing YXML is pretty straight-forward: split the text into chunks
  separated by \isa{{\isachardoublequote}\isactrlbold X{\isachardoublequote}}, then split each chunk into
  sub-chunks separated by \isa{{\isachardoublequote}\isactrlbold Y{\isachardoublequote}}.  Markup chunks start
  with an empty sub-chunk, and a second empty sub-chunk indicates
  close of an element.  Any other non-empty chunk consists of plain
  text.  For example, see \hyperlink{file.~~/src/Pure/General/yxml.ML}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{{\isachartilde}{\isachartilde}{\isacharslash}src{\isacharslash}Pure{\isacharslash}General{\isacharslash}yxml{\isachardot}ML}}}} or
  \hyperlink{file.~~/src/Pure/General/yxml.scala}{\mbox{\isa{\isatt{{\isachartilde}{\isachartilde}{\isacharslash}src{\isacharslash}Pure{\isacharslash}General{\isacharslash}yxml{\isachardot}scala}}}}.

  YXML documents may be detected quickly by checking that the first
  two characters are \isa{{\isachardoublequote}\isactrlbold X\isactrlbold Y{\isachardoublequote}}.%
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