src/HOL/Decision_Procs/Ferrack.thy
changeset 29823 0ab754d13ccd
parent 29818 762c2c63fc95
child 30042 31039ee583fa
equal deleted inserted replaced
29822:c45845743f04 29823:0ab754d13ccd
       
     1 (*  Title:      HOL/Reflection/Ferrack.thy
       
     2     Author:     Amine Chaieb
       
     3 *)
       
     4 
       
     5 theory Ferrack
       
     6 imports Complex_Main Dense_Linear_Order Efficient_Nat
       
     7 uses ("ferrack_tac.ML")
       
     8 begin
       
     9 
       
    10 section {* Quantifier elimination for @{text "\<real> (0, 1, +, <)"} *}
       
    11 
       
    12   (*********************************************************************************)
       
    13   (*          SOME GENERAL STUFF< HAS TO BE MOVED IN SOME LIB                      *)
       
    14   (*********************************************************************************)
       
    15 
       
    16 consts alluopairs:: "'a list \<Rightarrow> ('a \<times> 'a) list"
       
    17 primrec
       
    18   "alluopairs [] = []"
       
    19   "alluopairs (x#xs) = (map (Pair x) (x#xs))@(alluopairs xs)"
       
    20 
       
    21 lemma alluopairs_set1: "set (alluopairs xs) \<le> {(x,y). x\<in> set xs \<and> y\<in> set xs}"
       
    22 by (induct xs, auto)
       
    23 
       
    24 lemma alluopairs_set:
       
    25   "\<lbrakk>x\<in> set xs ; y \<in> set xs\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> (x,y) \<in> set (alluopairs xs) \<or> (y,x) \<in> set (alluopairs xs) "
       
    26 by (induct xs, auto)
       
    27 
       
    28 lemma alluopairs_ex:
       
    29   assumes Pc: "\<forall> x y. P x y = P y x"
       
    30   shows "(\<exists> x \<in> set xs. \<exists> y \<in> set xs. P x y) = (\<exists> (x,y) \<in> set (alluopairs xs). P x y)"
       
    31 proof
       
    32   assume "\<exists>x\<in>set xs. \<exists>y\<in>set xs. P x y"
       
    33   then obtain x y where x: "x \<in> set xs" and y:"y \<in> set xs" and P: "P x y"  by blast
       
    34   from alluopairs_set[OF x y] P Pc show"\<exists>(x, y)\<in>set (alluopairs xs). P x y" 
       
    35     by auto
       
    36 next
       
    37   assume "\<exists>(x, y)\<in>set (alluopairs xs). P x y"
       
    38   then obtain "x" and "y"  where xy:"(x,y) \<in> set (alluopairs xs)" and P: "P x y" by blast+
       
    39   from xy have "x \<in> set xs \<and> y\<in> set xs" using alluopairs_set1 by blast
       
    40   with P show "\<exists>x\<in>set xs. \<exists>y\<in>set xs. P x y" by blast
       
    41 qed
       
    42 
       
    43 lemma nth_pos2: "0 < n \<Longrightarrow> (x#xs) ! n = xs ! (n - 1)"
       
    44 using Nat.gr0_conv_Suc
       
    45 by clarsimp
       
    46 
       
    47 lemma filter_length: "length (List.filter P xs) < Suc (length xs)"
       
    48   apply (induct xs, auto) done
       
    49 
       
    50 consts remdps:: "'a list \<Rightarrow> 'a list"
       
    51 
       
    52 recdef remdps "measure size"
       
    53   "remdps [] = []"
       
    54   "remdps (x#xs) = (x#(remdps (List.filter (\<lambda> y. y \<noteq> x) xs)))"
       
    55 (hints simp add: filter_length[rule_format])
       
    56 
       
    57 lemma remdps_set[simp]: "set (remdps xs) = set xs"
       
    58   by (induct xs rule: remdps.induct, auto)
       
    59 
       
    60 
       
    61 
       
    62   (*********************************************************************************)
       
    63   (****                            SHADOW SYNTAX AND SEMANTICS                  ****)
       
    64   (*********************************************************************************)
       
    65 
       
    66 datatype num = C int | Bound nat | CN nat int num | Neg num | Add num num| Sub num num 
       
    67   | Mul int num 
       
    68 
       
    69   (* A size for num to make inductive proofs simpler*)
       
    70 consts num_size :: "num \<Rightarrow> nat" 
       
    71 primrec 
       
    72   "num_size (C c) = 1"
       
    73   "num_size (Bound n) = 1"
       
    74   "num_size (Neg a) = 1 + num_size a"
       
    75   "num_size (Add a b) = 1 + num_size a + num_size b"
       
    76   "num_size (Sub a b) = 3 + num_size a + num_size b"
       
    77   "num_size (Mul c a) = 1 + num_size a"
       
    78   "num_size (CN n c a) = 3 + num_size a "
       
    79 
       
    80   (* Semantics of numeral terms (num) *)
       
    81 consts Inum :: "real list \<Rightarrow> num \<Rightarrow> real"
       
    82 primrec
       
    83   "Inum bs (C c) = (real c)"
       
    84   "Inum bs (Bound n) = bs!n"
       
    85   "Inum bs (CN n c a) = (real c) * (bs!n) + (Inum bs a)"
       
    86   "Inum bs (Neg a) = -(Inum bs a)"
       
    87   "Inum bs (Add a b) = Inum bs a + Inum bs b"
       
    88   "Inum bs (Sub a b) = Inum bs a - Inum bs b"
       
    89   "Inum bs (Mul c a) = (real c) * Inum bs a"
       
    90     (* FORMULAE *)
       
    91 datatype fm  = 
       
    92   T| F| Lt num| Le num| Gt num| Ge num| Eq num| NEq num|
       
    93   NOT fm| And fm fm|  Or fm fm| Imp fm fm| Iff fm fm| E fm| A fm
       
    94 
       
    95 
       
    96   (* A size for fm *)
       
    97 consts fmsize :: "fm \<Rightarrow> nat"
       
    98 recdef fmsize "measure size"
       
    99   "fmsize (NOT p) = 1 + fmsize p"
       
   100   "fmsize (And p q) = 1 + fmsize p + fmsize q"
       
   101   "fmsize (Or p q) = 1 + fmsize p + fmsize q"
       
   102   "fmsize (Imp p q) = 3 + fmsize p + fmsize q"
       
   103   "fmsize (Iff p q) = 3 + 2*(fmsize p + fmsize q)"
       
   104   "fmsize (E p) = 1 + fmsize p"
       
   105   "fmsize (A p) = 4+ fmsize p"
       
   106   "fmsize p = 1"
       
   107   (* several lemmas about fmsize *)
       
   108 lemma fmsize_pos: "fmsize p > 0"
       
   109 by (induct p rule: fmsize.induct) simp_all
       
   110 
       
   111   (* Semantics of formulae (fm) *)
       
   112 consts Ifm ::"real list \<Rightarrow> fm \<Rightarrow> bool"
       
   113 primrec
       
   114   "Ifm bs T = True"
       
   115   "Ifm bs F = False"
       
   116   "Ifm bs (Lt a) = (Inum bs a < 0)"
       
   117   "Ifm bs (Gt a) = (Inum bs a > 0)"
       
   118   "Ifm bs (Le a) = (Inum bs a \<le> 0)"
       
   119   "Ifm bs (Ge a) = (Inum bs a \<ge> 0)"
       
   120   "Ifm bs (Eq a) = (Inum bs a = 0)"
       
   121   "Ifm bs (NEq a) = (Inum bs a \<noteq> 0)"
       
   122   "Ifm bs (NOT p) = (\<not> (Ifm bs p))"
       
   123   "Ifm bs (And p q) = (Ifm bs p \<and> Ifm bs q)"
       
   124   "Ifm bs (Or p q) = (Ifm bs p \<or> Ifm bs q)"
       
   125   "Ifm bs (Imp p q) = ((Ifm bs p) \<longrightarrow> (Ifm bs q))"
       
   126   "Ifm bs (Iff p q) = (Ifm bs p = Ifm bs q)"
       
   127   "Ifm bs (E p) = (\<exists> x. Ifm (x#bs) p)"
       
   128   "Ifm bs (A p) = (\<forall> x. Ifm (x#bs) p)"
       
   129 
       
   130 lemma IfmLeSub: "\<lbrakk> Inum bs s = s' ; Inum bs t = t' \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> Ifm bs (Le (Sub s t)) = (s' \<le> t')"
       
   131 apply simp
       
   132 done
       
   133 
       
   134 lemma IfmLtSub: "\<lbrakk> Inum bs s = s' ; Inum bs t = t' \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> Ifm bs (Lt (Sub s t)) = (s' < t')"
       
   135 apply simp
       
   136 done
       
   137 lemma IfmEqSub: "\<lbrakk> Inum bs s = s' ; Inum bs t = t' \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> Ifm bs (Eq (Sub s t)) = (s' = t')"
       
   138 apply simp
       
   139 done
       
   140 lemma IfmNOT: " (Ifm bs p = P) \<Longrightarrow> (Ifm bs (NOT p) = (\<not>P))"
       
   141 apply simp
       
   142 done
       
   143 lemma IfmAnd: " \<lbrakk> Ifm bs p = P ; Ifm bs q = Q\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> (Ifm bs (And p q) = (P \<and> Q))"
       
   144 apply simp
       
   145 done
       
   146 lemma IfmOr: " \<lbrakk> Ifm bs p = P ; Ifm bs q = Q\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> (Ifm bs (Or p q) = (P \<or> Q))"
       
   147 apply simp
       
   148 done
       
   149 lemma IfmImp: " \<lbrakk> Ifm bs p = P ; Ifm bs q = Q\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> (Ifm bs (Imp p q) = (P \<longrightarrow> Q))"
       
   150 apply simp
       
   151 done
       
   152 lemma IfmIff: " \<lbrakk> Ifm bs p = P ; Ifm bs q = Q\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> (Ifm bs (Iff p q) = (P = Q))"
       
   153 apply simp
       
   154 done
       
   155 
       
   156 lemma IfmE: " (!! x. Ifm (x#bs) p = P x) \<Longrightarrow> (Ifm bs (E p) = (\<exists>x. P x))"
       
   157 apply simp
       
   158 done
       
   159 lemma IfmA: " (!! x. Ifm (x#bs) p = P x) \<Longrightarrow> (Ifm bs (A p) = (\<forall>x. P x))"
       
   160 apply simp
       
   161 done
       
   162 
       
   163 consts not:: "fm \<Rightarrow> fm"
       
   164 recdef not "measure size"
       
   165   "not (NOT p) = p"
       
   166   "not T = F"
       
   167   "not F = T"
       
   168   "not p = NOT p"
       
   169 lemma not[simp]: "Ifm bs (not p) = Ifm bs (NOT p)"
       
   170 by (cases p) auto
       
   171 
       
   172 constdefs conj :: "fm \<Rightarrow> fm \<Rightarrow> fm"
       
   173   "conj p q \<equiv> (if (p = F \<or> q=F) then F else if p=T then q else if q=T then p else 
       
   174    if p = q then p else And p q)"
       
   175 lemma conj[simp]: "Ifm bs (conj p q) = Ifm bs (And p q)"
       
   176 by (cases "p=F \<or> q=F",simp_all add: conj_def) (cases p,simp_all)
       
   177 
       
   178 constdefs disj :: "fm \<Rightarrow> fm \<Rightarrow> fm"
       
   179   "disj p q \<equiv> (if (p = T \<or> q=T) then T else if p=F then q else if q=F then p 
       
   180        else if p=q then p else Or p q)"
       
   181 
       
   182 lemma disj[simp]: "Ifm bs (disj p q) = Ifm bs (Or p q)"
       
   183 by (cases "p=T \<or> q=T",simp_all add: disj_def) (cases p,simp_all)
       
   184 
       
   185 constdefs  imp :: "fm \<Rightarrow> fm \<Rightarrow> fm"
       
   186   "imp p q \<equiv> (if (p = F \<or> q=T \<or> p=q) then T else if p=T then q else if q=F then not p 
       
   187     else Imp p q)"
       
   188 lemma imp[simp]: "Ifm bs (imp p q) = Ifm bs (Imp p q)"
       
   189 by (cases "p=F \<or> q=T",simp_all add: imp_def) 
       
   190 
       
   191 constdefs   iff :: "fm \<Rightarrow> fm \<Rightarrow> fm"
       
   192   "iff p q \<equiv> (if (p = q) then T else if (p = NOT q \<or> NOT p = q) then F else 
       
   193        if p=F then not q else if q=F then not p else if p=T then q else if q=T then p else 
       
   194   Iff p q)"
       
   195 lemma iff[simp]: "Ifm bs (iff p q) = Ifm bs (Iff p q)"
       
   196   by (unfold iff_def,cases "p=q", simp,cases "p=NOT q", simp) (cases "NOT p= q", auto)
       
   197 
       
   198 lemma conj_simps:
       
   199   "conj F Q = F"
       
   200   "conj P F = F"
       
   201   "conj T Q = Q"
       
   202   "conj P T = P"
       
   203   "conj P P = P"
       
   204   "P \<noteq> T \<Longrightarrow> P \<noteq> F \<Longrightarrow> Q \<noteq> T \<Longrightarrow> Q \<noteq> F \<Longrightarrow> P \<noteq> Q \<Longrightarrow> conj P Q = And P Q"
       
   205   by (simp_all add: conj_def)
       
   206 
       
   207 lemma disj_simps:
       
   208   "disj T Q = T"
       
   209   "disj P T = T"
       
   210   "disj F Q = Q"
       
   211   "disj P F = P"
       
   212   "disj P P = P"
       
   213   "P \<noteq> T \<Longrightarrow> P \<noteq> F \<Longrightarrow> Q \<noteq> T \<Longrightarrow> Q \<noteq> F \<Longrightarrow> P \<noteq> Q \<Longrightarrow> disj P Q = Or P Q"
       
   214   by (simp_all add: disj_def)
       
   215 lemma imp_simps:
       
   216   "imp F Q = T"
       
   217   "imp P T = T"
       
   218   "imp T Q = Q"
       
   219   "imp P F = not P"
       
   220   "imp P P = T"
       
   221   "P \<noteq> T \<Longrightarrow> P \<noteq> F \<Longrightarrow> P \<noteq> Q \<Longrightarrow> Q \<noteq> T \<Longrightarrow> Q \<noteq> F \<Longrightarrow> imp P Q = Imp P Q"
       
   222   by (simp_all add: imp_def)
       
   223 lemma trivNOT: "p \<noteq> NOT p" "NOT p \<noteq> p"
       
   224 apply (induct p, auto)
       
   225 done
       
   226 
       
   227 lemma iff_simps:
       
   228   "iff p p = T"
       
   229   "iff p (NOT p) = F"
       
   230   "iff (NOT p) p = F"
       
   231   "iff p F = not p"
       
   232   "iff F p = not p"
       
   233   "p \<noteq> NOT T \<Longrightarrow> iff T p = p"
       
   234   "p\<noteq> NOT T \<Longrightarrow> iff p T = p"
       
   235   "p\<noteq>q \<Longrightarrow> p\<noteq> NOT q \<Longrightarrow> q\<noteq> NOT p \<Longrightarrow> p\<noteq> F \<Longrightarrow> q\<noteq> F \<Longrightarrow> p \<noteq> T \<Longrightarrow> q \<noteq> T \<Longrightarrow> iff p q = Iff p q"
       
   236   using trivNOT
       
   237   by (simp_all add: iff_def, cases p, auto)
       
   238   (* Quantifier freeness *)
       
   239 consts qfree:: "fm \<Rightarrow> bool"
       
   240 recdef qfree "measure size"
       
   241   "qfree (E p) = False"
       
   242   "qfree (A p) = False"
       
   243   "qfree (NOT p) = qfree p" 
       
   244   "qfree (And p q) = (qfree p \<and> qfree q)" 
       
   245   "qfree (Or  p q) = (qfree p \<and> qfree q)" 
       
   246   "qfree (Imp p q) = (qfree p \<and> qfree q)" 
       
   247   "qfree (Iff p q) = (qfree p \<and> qfree q)"
       
   248   "qfree p = True"
       
   249 
       
   250   (* Boundedness and substitution *)
       
   251 consts 
       
   252   numbound0:: "num \<Rightarrow> bool" (* a num is INDEPENDENT of Bound 0 *)
       
   253   bound0:: "fm \<Rightarrow> bool" (* A Formula is independent of Bound 0 *)
       
   254 primrec
       
   255   "numbound0 (C c) = True"
       
   256   "numbound0 (Bound n) = (n>0)"
       
   257   "numbound0 (CN n c a) = (n\<noteq>0 \<and> numbound0 a)"
       
   258   "numbound0 (Neg a) = numbound0 a"
       
   259   "numbound0 (Add a b) = (numbound0 a \<and> numbound0 b)"
       
   260   "numbound0 (Sub a b) = (numbound0 a \<and> numbound0 b)" 
       
   261   "numbound0 (Mul i a) = numbound0 a"
       
   262 lemma numbound0_I:
       
   263   assumes nb: "numbound0 a"
       
   264   shows "Inum (b#bs) a = Inum (b'#bs) a"
       
   265 using nb
       
   266 by (induct a rule: numbound0.induct,auto simp add: nth_pos2)
       
   267 
       
   268 primrec
       
   269   "bound0 T = True"
       
   270   "bound0 F = True"
       
   271   "bound0 (Lt a) = numbound0 a"
       
   272   "bound0 (Le a) = numbound0 a"
       
   273   "bound0 (Gt a) = numbound0 a"
       
   274   "bound0 (Ge a) = numbound0 a"
       
   275   "bound0 (Eq a) = numbound0 a"
       
   276   "bound0 (NEq a) = numbound0 a"
       
   277   "bound0 (NOT p) = bound0 p"
       
   278   "bound0 (And p q) = (bound0 p \<and> bound0 q)"
       
   279   "bound0 (Or p q) = (bound0 p \<and> bound0 q)"
       
   280   "bound0 (Imp p q) = ((bound0 p) \<and> (bound0 q))"
       
   281   "bound0 (Iff p q) = (bound0 p \<and> bound0 q)"
       
   282   "bound0 (E p) = False"
       
   283   "bound0 (A p) = False"
       
   284 
       
   285 lemma bound0_I:
       
   286   assumes bp: "bound0 p"
       
   287   shows "Ifm (b#bs) p = Ifm (b'#bs) p"
       
   288 using bp numbound0_I[where b="b" and bs="bs" and b'="b'"]
       
   289 by (induct p rule: bound0.induct) (auto simp add: nth_pos2)
       
   290 
       
   291 lemma not_qf[simp]: "qfree p \<Longrightarrow> qfree (not p)"
       
   292 by (cases p, auto)
       
   293 lemma not_bn[simp]: "bound0 p \<Longrightarrow> bound0 (not p)"
       
   294 by (cases p, auto)
       
   295 
       
   296 
       
   297 lemma conj_qf[simp]: "\<lbrakk>qfree p ; qfree q\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> qfree (conj p q)"
       
   298 using conj_def by auto 
       
   299 lemma conj_nb[simp]: "\<lbrakk>bound0 p ; bound0 q\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> bound0 (conj p q)"
       
   300 using conj_def by auto 
       
   301 
       
   302 lemma disj_qf[simp]: "\<lbrakk>qfree p ; qfree q\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> qfree (disj p q)"
       
   303 using disj_def by auto 
       
   304 lemma disj_nb[simp]: "\<lbrakk>bound0 p ; bound0 q\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> bound0 (disj p q)"
       
   305 using disj_def by auto 
       
   306 
       
   307 lemma imp_qf[simp]: "\<lbrakk>qfree p ; qfree q\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> qfree (imp p q)"
       
   308 using imp_def by (cases "p=F \<or> q=T",simp_all add: imp_def)
       
   309 lemma imp_nb[simp]: "\<lbrakk>bound0 p ; bound0 q\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> bound0 (imp p q)"
       
   310 using imp_def by (cases "p=F \<or> q=T \<or> p=q",simp_all add: imp_def)
       
   311 
       
   312 lemma iff_qf[simp]: "\<lbrakk>qfree p ; qfree q\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> qfree (iff p q)"
       
   313   by (unfold iff_def,cases "p=q", auto)
       
   314 lemma iff_nb[simp]: "\<lbrakk>bound0 p ; bound0 q\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> bound0 (iff p q)"
       
   315 using iff_def by (unfold iff_def,cases "p=q", auto)
       
   316 
       
   317 consts 
       
   318   decrnum:: "num \<Rightarrow> num" 
       
   319   decr :: "fm \<Rightarrow> fm"
       
   320 
       
   321 recdef decrnum "measure size"
       
   322   "decrnum (Bound n) = Bound (n - 1)"
       
   323   "decrnum (Neg a) = Neg (decrnum a)"
       
   324   "decrnum (Add a b) = Add (decrnum a) (decrnum b)"
       
   325   "decrnum (Sub a b) = Sub (decrnum a) (decrnum b)"
       
   326   "decrnum (Mul c a) = Mul c (decrnum a)"
       
   327   "decrnum (CN n c a) = CN (n - 1) c (decrnum a)"
       
   328   "decrnum a = a"
       
   329 
       
   330 recdef decr "measure size"
       
   331   "decr (Lt a) = Lt (decrnum a)"
       
   332   "decr (Le a) = Le (decrnum a)"
       
   333   "decr (Gt a) = Gt (decrnum a)"
       
   334   "decr (Ge a) = Ge (decrnum a)"
       
   335   "decr (Eq a) = Eq (decrnum a)"
       
   336   "decr (NEq a) = NEq (decrnum a)"
       
   337   "decr (NOT p) = NOT (decr p)" 
       
   338   "decr (And p q) = conj (decr p) (decr q)"
       
   339   "decr (Or p q) = disj (decr p) (decr q)"
       
   340   "decr (Imp p q) = imp (decr p) (decr q)"
       
   341   "decr (Iff p q) = iff (decr p) (decr q)"
       
   342   "decr p = p"
       
   343 
       
   344 lemma decrnum: assumes nb: "numbound0 t"
       
   345   shows "Inum (x#bs) t = Inum bs (decrnum t)"
       
   346   using nb by (induct t rule: decrnum.induct, simp_all add: nth_pos2)
       
   347 
       
   348 lemma decr: assumes nb: "bound0 p"
       
   349   shows "Ifm (x#bs) p = Ifm bs (decr p)"
       
   350   using nb 
       
   351   by (induct p rule: decr.induct, simp_all add: nth_pos2 decrnum)
       
   352 
       
   353 lemma decr_qf: "bound0 p \<Longrightarrow> qfree (decr p)"
       
   354 by (induct p, simp_all)
       
   355 
       
   356 consts 
       
   357   isatom :: "fm \<Rightarrow> bool" (* test for atomicity *)
       
   358 recdef isatom "measure size"
       
   359   "isatom T = True"
       
   360   "isatom F = True"
       
   361   "isatom (Lt a) = True"
       
   362   "isatom (Le a) = True"
       
   363   "isatom (Gt a) = True"
       
   364   "isatom (Ge a) = True"
       
   365   "isatom (Eq a) = True"
       
   366   "isatom (NEq a) = True"
       
   367   "isatom p = False"
       
   368 
       
   369 lemma bound0_qf: "bound0 p \<Longrightarrow> qfree p"
       
   370 by (induct p, simp_all)
       
   371 
       
   372 constdefs djf:: "('a \<Rightarrow> fm) \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> fm \<Rightarrow> fm"
       
   373   "djf f p q \<equiv> (if q=T then T else if q=F then f p else 
       
   374   (let fp = f p in case fp of T \<Rightarrow> T | F \<Rightarrow> q | _ \<Rightarrow> Or (f p) q))"
       
   375 constdefs evaldjf:: "('a \<Rightarrow> fm) \<Rightarrow> 'a list \<Rightarrow> fm"
       
   376   "evaldjf f ps \<equiv> foldr (djf f) ps F"
       
   377 
       
   378 lemma djf_Or: "Ifm bs (djf f p q) = Ifm bs (Or (f p) q)"
       
   379 by (cases "q=T", simp add: djf_def,cases "q=F",simp add: djf_def) 
       
   380 (cases "f p", simp_all add: Let_def djf_def) 
       
   381 
       
   382 
       
   383 lemma djf_simps:
       
   384   "djf f p T = T"
       
   385   "djf f p F = f p"
       
   386   "q\<noteq>T \<Longrightarrow> q\<noteq>F \<Longrightarrow> djf f p q = (let fp = f p in case fp of T \<Rightarrow> T | F \<Rightarrow> q | _ \<Rightarrow> Or (f p) q)"
       
   387   by (simp_all add: djf_def)
       
   388 
       
   389 lemma evaldjf_ex: "Ifm bs (evaldjf f ps) = (\<exists> p \<in> set ps. Ifm bs (f p))"
       
   390   by(induct ps, simp_all add: evaldjf_def djf_Or)
       
   391 
       
   392 lemma evaldjf_bound0: 
       
   393   assumes nb: "\<forall> x\<in> set xs. bound0 (f x)"
       
   394   shows "bound0 (evaldjf f xs)"
       
   395   using nb by (induct xs, auto simp add: evaldjf_def djf_def Let_def) (case_tac "f a", auto) 
       
   396 
       
   397 lemma evaldjf_qf: 
       
   398   assumes nb: "\<forall> x\<in> set xs. qfree (f x)"
       
   399   shows "qfree (evaldjf f xs)"
       
   400   using nb by (induct xs, auto simp add: evaldjf_def djf_def Let_def) (case_tac "f a", auto) 
       
   401 
       
   402 consts disjuncts :: "fm \<Rightarrow> fm list"
       
   403 recdef disjuncts "measure size"
       
   404   "disjuncts (Or p q) = (disjuncts p) @ (disjuncts q)"
       
   405   "disjuncts F = []"
       
   406   "disjuncts p = [p]"
       
   407 
       
   408 lemma disjuncts: "(\<exists> q\<in> set (disjuncts p). Ifm bs q) = Ifm bs p"
       
   409 by(induct p rule: disjuncts.induct, auto)
       
   410 
       
   411 lemma disjuncts_nb: "bound0 p \<Longrightarrow> \<forall> q\<in> set (disjuncts p). bound0 q"
       
   412 proof-
       
   413   assume nb: "bound0 p"
       
   414   hence "list_all bound0 (disjuncts p)" by (induct p rule:disjuncts.induct,auto)
       
   415   thus ?thesis by (simp only: list_all_iff)
       
   416 qed
       
   417 
       
   418 lemma disjuncts_qf: "qfree p \<Longrightarrow> \<forall> q\<in> set (disjuncts p). qfree q"
       
   419 proof-
       
   420   assume qf: "qfree p"
       
   421   hence "list_all qfree (disjuncts p)"
       
   422     by (induct p rule: disjuncts.induct, auto)
       
   423   thus ?thesis by (simp only: list_all_iff)
       
   424 qed
       
   425 
       
   426 constdefs DJ :: "(fm \<Rightarrow> fm) \<Rightarrow> fm \<Rightarrow> fm"
       
   427   "DJ f p \<equiv> evaldjf f (disjuncts p)"
       
   428 
       
   429 lemma DJ: assumes fdj: "\<forall> p q. Ifm bs (f (Or p q)) = Ifm bs (Or (f p) (f q))"
       
   430   and fF: "f F = F"
       
   431   shows "Ifm bs (DJ f p) = Ifm bs (f p)"
       
   432 proof-
       
   433   have "Ifm bs (DJ f p) = (\<exists> q \<in> set (disjuncts p). Ifm bs (f q))"
       
   434     by (simp add: DJ_def evaldjf_ex) 
       
   435   also have "\<dots> = Ifm bs (f p)" using fdj fF by (induct p rule: disjuncts.induct, auto)
       
   436   finally show ?thesis .
       
   437 qed
       
   438 
       
   439 lemma DJ_qf: assumes 
       
   440   fqf: "\<forall> p. qfree p \<longrightarrow> qfree (f p)"
       
   441   shows "\<forall>p. qfree p \<longrightarrow> qfree (DJ f p) "
       
   442 proof(clarify)
       
   443   fix  p assume qf: "qfree p"
       
   444   have th: "DJ f p = evaldjf f (disjuncts p)" by (simp add: DJ_def)
       
   445   from disjuncts_qf[OF qf] have "\<forall> q\<in> set (disjuncts p). qfree q" .
       
   446   with fqf have th':"\<forall> q\<in> set (disjuncts p). qfree (f q)" by blast
       
   447   
       
   448   from evaldjf_qf[OF th'] th show "qfree (DJ f p)" by simp
       
   449 qed
       
   450 
       
   451 lemma DJ_qe: assumes qe: "\<forall> bs p. qfree p \<longrightarrow> qfree (qe p) \<and> (Ifm bs (qe p) = Ifm bs (E p))"
       
   452   shows "\<forall> bs p. qfree p \<longrightarrow> qfree (DJ qe p) \<and> (Ifm bs ((DJ qe p)) = Ifm bs (E p))"
       
   453 proof(clarify)
       
   454   fix p::fm and bs
       
   455   assume qf: "qfree p"
       
   456   from qe have qth: "\<forall> p. qfree p \<longrightarrow> qfree (qe p)" by blast
       
   457   from DJ_qf[OF qth] qf have qfth:"qfree (DJ qe p)" by auto
       
   458   have "Ifm bs (DJ qe p) = (\<exists> q\<in> set (disjuncts p). Ifm bs (qe q))"
       
   459     by (simp add: DJ_def evaldjf_ex)
       
   460   also have "\<dots> = (\<exists> q \<in> set(disjuncts p). Ifm bs (E q))" using qe disjuncts_qf[OF qf] by auto
       
   461   also have "\<dots> = Ifm bs (E p)" by (induct p rule: disjuncts.induct, auto)
       
   462   finally show "qfree (DJ qe p) \<and> Ifm bs (DJ qe p) = Ifm bs (E p)" using qfth by blast
       
   463 qed
       
   464   (* Simplification *)
       
   465 consts 
       
   466   numgcd :: "num \<Rightarrow> int"
       
   467   numgcdh:: "num \<Rightarrow> int \<Rightarrow> int"
       
   468   reducecoeffh:: "num \<Rightarrow> int \<Rightarrow> num"
       
   469   reducecoeff :: "num \<Rightarrow> num"
       
   470   dvdnumcoeff:: "num \<Rightarrow> int \<Rightarrow> bool"
       
   471 consts maxcoeff:: "num \<Rightarrow> int"
       
   472 recdef maxcoeff "measure size"
       
   473   "maxcoeff (C i) = abs i"
       
   474   "maxcoeff (CN n c t) = max (abs c) (maxcoeff t)"
       
   475   "maxcoeff t = 1"
       
   476 
       
   477 lemma maxcoeff_pos: "maxcoeff t \<ge> 0"
       
   478   by (induct t rule: maxcoeff.induct, auto)
       
   479 
       
   480 recdef numgcdh "measure size"
       
   481   "numgcdh (C i) = (\<lambda>g. zgcd i g)"
       
   482   "numgcdh (CN n c t) = (\<lambda>g. zgcd c (numgcdh t g))"
       
   483   "numgcdh t = (\<lambda>g. 1)"
       
   484 defs numgcd_def [code]: "numgcd t \<equiv> numgcdh t (maxcoeff t)"
       
   485 
       
   486 recdef reducecoeffh "measure size"
       
   487   "reducecoeffh (C i) = (\<lambda> g. C (i div g))"
       
   488   "reducecoeffh (CN n c t) = (\<lambda> g. CN n (c div g) (reducecoeffh t g))"
       
   489   "reducecoeffh t = (\<lambda>g. t)"
       
   490 
       
   491 defs reducecoeff_def: "reducecoeff t \<equiv> 
       
   492   (let g = numgcd t in 
       
   493   if g = 0 then C 0 else if g=1 then t else reducecoeffh t g)"
       
   494 
       
   495 recdef dvdnumcoeff "measure size"
       
   496   "dvdnumcoeff (C i) = (\<lambda> g. g dvd i)"
       
   497   "dvdnumcoeff (CN n c t) = (\<lambda> g. g dvd c \<and> (dvdnumcoeff t g))"
       
   498   "dvdnumcoeff t = (\<lambda>g. False)"
       
   499 
       
   500 lemma dvdnumcoeff_trans: 
       
   501   assumes gdg: "g dvd g'" and dgt':"dvdnumcoeff t g'"
       
   502   shows "dvdnumcoeff t g"
       
   503   using dgt' gdg 
       
   504   by (induct t rule: dvdnumcoeff.induct, simp_all add: gdg zdvd_trans[OF gdg])
       
   505 
       
   506 declare zdvd_trans [trans add]
       
   507 
       
   508 lemma natabs0: "(nat (abs x) = 0) = (x = 0)"
       
   509 by arith
       
   510 
       
   511 lemma numgcd0:
       
   512   assumes g0: "numgcd t = 0"
       
   513   shows "Inum bs t = 0"
       
   514   using g0[simplified numgcd_def] 
       
   515   by (induct t rule: numgcdh.induct, auto simp add: zgcd_def gcd_zero natabs0 max_def maxcoeff_pos)
       
   516 
       
   517 lemma numgcdh_pos: assumes gp: "g \<ge> 0" shows "numgcdh t g \<ge> 0"
       
   518   using gp
       
   519   by (induct t rule: numgcdh.induct, auto simp add: zgcd_def)
       
   520 
       
   521 lemma numgcd_pos: "numgcd t \<ge>0"
       
   522   by (simp add: numgcd_def numgcdh_pos maxcoeff_pos)
       
   523 
       
   524 lemma reducecoeffh:
       
   525   assumes gt: "dvdnumcoeff t g" and gp: "g > 0" 
       
   526   shows "real g *(Inum bs (reducecoeffh t g)) = Inum bs t"
       
   527   using gt
       
   528 proof(induct t rule: reducecoeffh.induct) 
       
   529   case (1 i) hence gd: "g dvd i" by simp
       
   530   from gp have gnz: "g \<noteq> 0" by simp
       
   531   from prems show ?case by (simp add: real_of_int_div[OF gnz gd])
       
   532 next
       
   533   case (2 n c t)  hence gd: "g dvd c" by simp
       
   534   from gp have gnz: "g \<noteq> 0" by simp
       
   535   from prems show ?case by (simp add: real_of_int_div[OF gnz gd] algebra_simps)
       
   536 qed (auto simp add: numgcd_def gp)
       
   537 consts ismaxcoeff:: "num \<Rightarrow> int \<Rightarrow> bool"
       
   538 recdef ismaxcoeff "measure size"
       
   539   "ismaxcoeff (C i) = (\<lambda> x. abs i \<le> x)"
       
   540   "ismaxcoeff (CN n c t) = (\<lambda>x. abs c \<le> x \<and> (ismaxcoeff t x))"
       
   541   "ismaxcoeff t = (\<lambda>x. True)"
       
   542 
       
   543 lemma ismaxcoeff_mono: "ismaxcoeff t c \<Longrightarrow> c \<le> c' \<Longrightarrow> ismaxcoeff t c'"
       
   544 by (induct t rule: ismaxcoeff.induct, auto)
       
   545 
       
   546 lemma maxcoeff_ismaxcoeff: "ismaxcoeff t (maxcoeff t)"
       
   547 proof (induct t rule: maxcoeff.induct)
       
   548   case (2 n c t)
       
   549   hence H:"ismaxcoeff t (maxcoeff t)" .
       
   550   have thh: "maxcoeff t \<le> max (abs c) (maxcoeff t)" by (simp add: le_maxI2)
       
   551   from ismaxcoeff_mono[OF H thh] show ?case by (simp add: le_maxI1)
       
   552 qed simp_all
       
   553 
       
   554 lemma zgcd_gt1: "zgcd i j > 1 \<Longrightarrow> ((abs i > 1 \<and> abs j > 1) \<or> (abs i = 0 \<and> abs j > 1) \<or> (abs i > 1 \<and> abs j = 0))"
       
   555   apply (cases "abs i = 0", simp_all add: zgcd_def)
       
   556   apply (cases "abs j = 0", simp_all)
       
   557   apply (cases "abs i = 1", simp_all)
       
   558   apply (cases "abs j = 1", simp_all)
       
   559   apply auto
       
   560   done
       
   561 lemma numgcdh0:"numgcdh t m = 0 \<Longrightarrow>  m =0"
       
   562   by (induct t rule: numgcdh.induct, auto simp add:zgcd0)
       
   563 
       
   564 lemma dvdnumcoeff_aux:
       
   565   assumes "ismaxcoeff t m" and mp:"m \<ge> 0" and "numgcdh t m > 1"
       
   566   shows "dvdnumcoeff t (numgcdh t m)"
       
   567 using prems
       
   568 proof(induct t rule: numgcdh.induct)
       
   569   case (2 n c t) 
       
   570   let ?g = "numgcdh t m"
       
   571   from prems have th:"zgcd c ?g > 1" by simp
       
   572   from zgcd_gt1[OF th] numgcdh_pos[OF mp, where t="t"]
       
   573   have "(abs c > 1 \<and> ?g > 1) \<or> (abs c = 0 \<and> ?g > 1) \<or> (abs c > 1 \<and> ?g = 0)" by simp
       
   574   moreover {assume "abs c > 1" and gp: "?g > 1" with prems
       
   575     have th: "dvdnumcoeff t ?g" by simp
       
   576     have th': "zgcd c ?g dvd ?g" by (simp add:zgcd_zdvd2)
       
   577     from dvdnumcoeff_trans[OF th' th] have ?case by (simp add: zgcd_zdvd1)}
       
   578   moreover {assume "abs c = 0 \<and> ?g > 1"
       
   579     with prems have th: "dvdnumcoeff t ?g" by simp
       
   580     have th': "zgcd c ?g dvd ?g" by (simp add:zgcd_zdvd2)
       
   581     from dvdnumcoeff_trans[OF th' th] have ?case by (simp add: zgcd_zdvd1)
       
   582     hence ?case by simp }
       
   583   moreover {assume "abs c > 1" and g0:"?g = 0" 
       
   584     from numgcdh0[OF g0] have "m=0". with prems   have ?case by simp }
       
   585   ultimately show ?case by blast
       
   586 qed(auto simp add: zgcd_zdvd1)
       
   587 
       
   588 lemma dvdnumcoeff_aux2:
       
   589   assumes "numgcd t > 1" shows "dvdnumcoeff t (numgcd t) \<and> numgcd t > 0"
       
   590   using prems 
       
   591 proof (simp add: numgcd_def)
       
   592   let ?mc = "maxcoeff t"
       
   593   let ?g = "numgcdh t ?mc"
       
   594   have th1: "ismaxcoeff t ?mc" by (rule maxcoeff_ismaxcoeff)
       
   595   have th2: "?mc \<ge> 0" by (rule maxcoeff_pos)
       
   596   assume H: "numgcdh t ?mc > 1"
       
   597   from dvdnumcoeff_aux[OF th1 th2 H]  show "dvdnumcoeff t ?g" .
       
   598 qed
       
   599 
       
   600 lemma reducecoeff: "real (numgcd t) * (Inum bs (reducecoeff t)) = Inum bs t"
       
   601 proof-
       
   602   let ?g = "numgcd t"
       
   603   have "?g \<ge> 0"  by (simp add: numgcd_pos)
       
   604   hence	"?g = 0 \<or> ?g = 1 \<or> ?g > 1" by auto
       
   605   moreover {assume "?g = 0" hence ?thesis by (simp add: numgcd0)} 
       
   606   moreover {assume "?g = 1" hence ?thesis by (simp add: reducecoeff_def)} 
       
   607   moreover { assume g1:"?g > 1"
       
   608     from dvdnumcoeff_aux2[OF g1] have th1:"dvdnumcoeff t ?g" and g0: "?g > 0" by blast+
       
   609     from reducecoeffh[OF th1 g0, where bs="bs"] g1 have ?thesis 
       
   610       by (simp add: reducecoeff_def Let_def)} 
       
   611   ultimately show ?thesis by blast
       
   612 qed
       
   613 
       
   614 lemma reducecoeffh_numbound0: "numbound0 t \<Longrightarrow> numbound0 (reducecoeffh t g)"
       
   615 by (induct t rule: reducecoeffh.induct, auto)
       
   616 
       
   617 lemma reducecoeff_numbound0: "numbound0 t \<Longrightarrow> numbound0 (reducecoeff t)"
       
   618 using reducecoeffh_numbound0 by (simp add: reducecoeff_def Let_def)
       
   619 
       
   620 consts
       
   621   simpnum:: "num \<Rightarrow> num"
       
   622   numadd:: "num \<times> num \<Rightarrow> num"
       
   623   nummul:: "num \<Rightarrow> int \<Rightarrow> num"
       
   624 recdef numadd "measure (\<lambda> (t,s). size t + size s)"
       
   625   "numadd (CN n1 c1 r1,CN n2 c2 r2) =
       
   626   (if n1=n2 then 
       
   627   (let c = c1 + c2
       
   628   in (if c=0 then numadd(r1,r2) else CN n1 c (numadd (r1,r2))))
       
   629   else if n1 \<le> n2 then (CN n1 c1 (numadd (r1,CN n2 c2 r2))) 
       
   630   else (CN n2 c2 (numadd (CN n1 c1 r1,r2))))"
       
   631   "numadd (CN n1 c1 r1,t) = CN n1 c1 (numadd (r1, t))"  
       
   632   "numadd (t,CN n2 c2 r2) = CN n2 c2 (numadd (t,r2))" 
       
   633   "numadd (C b1, C b2) = C (b1+b2)"
       
   634   "numadd (a,b) = Add a b"
       
   635 
       
   636 lemma numadd[simp]: "Inum bs (numadd (t,s)) = Inum bs (Add t s)"
       
   637 apply (induct t s rule: numadd.induct, simp_all add: Let_def)
       
   638 apply (case_tac "c1+c2 = 0",case_tac "n1 \<le> n2", simp_all)
       
   639 apply (case_tac "n1 = n2", simp_all add: algebra_simps)
       
   640 by (simp only: left_distrib[symmetric],simp)
       
   641 
       
   642 lemma numadd_nb[simp]: "\<lbrakk> numbound0 t ; numbound0 s\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> numbound0 (numadd (t,s))"
       
   643 by (induct t s rule: numadd.induct, auto simp add: Let_def)
       
   644 
       
   645 recdef nummul "measure size"
       
   646   "nummul (C j) = (\<lambda> i. C (i*j))"
       
   647   "nummul (CN n c a) = (\<lambda> i. CN n (i*c) (nummul a i))"
       
   648   "nummul t = (\<lambda> i. Mul i t)"
       
   649 
       
   650 lemma nummul[simp]: "\<And> i. Inum bs (nummul t i) = Inum bs (Mul i t)"
       
   651 by (induct t rule: nummul.induct, auto simp add: algebra_simps)
       
   652 
       
   653 lemma nummul_nb[simp]: "\<And> i. numbound0 t \<Longrightarrow> numbound0 (nummul t i)"
       
   654 by (induct t rule: nummul.induct, auto )
       
   655 
       
   656 constdefs numneg :: "num \<Rightarrow> num"
       
   657   "numneg t \<equiv> nummul t (- 1)"
       
   658 
       
   659 constdefs numsub :: "num \<Rightarrow> num \<Rightarrow> num"
       
   660   "numsub s t \<equiv> (if s = t then C 0 else numadd (s,numneg t))"
       
   661 
       
   662 lemma numneg[simp]: "Inum bs (numneg t) = Inum bs (Neg t)"
       
   663 using numneg_def by simp
       
   664 
       
   665 lemma numneg_nb[simp]: "numbound0 t \<Longrightarrow> numbound0 (numneg t)"
       
   666 using numneg_def by simp
       
   667 
       
   668 lemma numsub[simp]: "Inum bs (numsub a b) = Inum bs (Sub a b)"
       
   669 using numsub_def by simp
       
   670 
       
   671 lemma numsub_nb[simp]: "\<lbrakk> numbound0 t ; numbound0 s\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> numbound0 (numsub t s)"
       
   672 using numsub_def by simp
       
   673 
       
   674 recdef simpnum "measure size"
       
   675   "simpnum (C j) = C j"
       
   676   "simpnum (Bound n) = CN n 1 (C 0)"
       
   677   "simpnum (Neg t) = numneg (simpnum t)"
       
   678   "simpnum (Add t s) = numadd (simpnum t,simpnum s)"
       
   679   "simpnum (Sub t s) = numsub (simpnum t) (simpnum s)"
       
   680   "simpnum (Mul i t) = (if i = 0 then (C 0) else nummul (simpnum t) i)"
       
   681   "simpnum (CN n c t) = (if c = 0 then simpnum t else numadd (CN n c (C 0),simpnum t))"
       
   682 
       
   683 lemma simpnum_ci[simp]: "Inum bs (simpnum t) = Inum bs t"
       
   684 by (induct t rule: simpnum.induct, auto simp add: numneg numadd numsub nummul)
       
   685 
       
   686 lemma simpnum_numbound0[simp]: 
       
   687   "numbound0 t \<Longrightarrow> numbound0 (simpnum t)"
       
   688 by (induct t rule: simpnum.induct, auto)
       
   689 
       
   690 consts nozerocoeff:: "num \<Rightarrow> bool"
       
   691 recdef nozerocoeff "measure size"
       
   692   "nozerocoeff (C c) = True"
       
   693   "nozerocoeff (CN n c t) = (c\<noteq>0 \<and> nozerocoeff t)"
       
   694   "nozerocoeff t = True"
       
   695 
       
   696 lemma numadd_nz : "nozerocoeff a \<Longrightarrow> nozerocoeff b \<Longrightarrow> nozerocoeff (numadd (a,b))"
       
   697 by (induct a b rule: numadd.induct,auto simp add: Let_def)
       
   698 
       
   699 lemma nummul_nz : "\<And> i. i\<noteq>0 \<Longrightarrow> nozerocoeff a \<Longrightarrow> nozerocoeff (nummul a i)"
       
   700 by (induct a rule: nummul.induct,auto simp add: Let_def numadd_nz)
       
   701 
       
   702 lemma numneg_nz : "nozerocoeff a \<Longrightarrow> nozerocoeff (numneg a)"
       
   703 by (simp add: numneg_def nummul_nz)
       
   704 
       
   705 lemma numsub_nz: "nozerocoeff a \<Longrightarrow> nozerocoeff b \<Longrightarrow> nozerocoeff (numsub a b)"
       
   706 by (simp add: numsub_def numneg_nz numadd_nz)
       
   707 
       
   708 lemma simpnum_nz: "nozerocoeff (simpnum t)"
       
   709 by(induct t rule: simpnum.induct, auto simp add: numadd_nz numneg_nz numsub_nz nummul_nz)
       
   710 
       
   711 lemma maxcoeff_nz: "nozerocoeff t \<Longrightarrow> maxcoeff t = 0 \<Longrightarrow> t = C 0"
       
   712 proof (induct t rule: maxcoeff.induct)
       
   713   case (2 n c t)
       
   714   hence cnz: "c \<noteq>0" and mx: "max (abs c) (maxcoeff t) = 0" by simp+
       
   715   have "max (abs c) (maxcoeff t) \<ge> abs c" by (simp add: le_maxI1)
       
   716   with cnz have "max (abs c) (maxcoeff t) > 0" by arith
       
   717   with prems show ?case by simp
       
   718 qed auto
       
   719 
       
   720 lemma numgcd_nz: assumes nz: "nozerocoeff t" and g0: "numgcd t = 0" shows "t = C 0"
       
   721 proof-
       
   722   from g0 have th:"numgcdh t (maxcoeff t) = 0" by (simp add: numgcd_def)
       
   723   from numgcdh0[OF th]  have th:"maxcoeff t = 0" .
       
   724   from maxcoeff_nz[OF nz th] show ?thesis .
       
   725 qed
       
   726 
       
   727 constdefs simp_num_pair:: "(num \<times> int) \<Rightarrow> num \<times> int"
       
   728   "simp_num_pair \<equiv> (\<lambda> (t,n). (if n = 0 then (C 0, 0) else
       
   729    (let t' = simpnum t ; g = numgcd t' in 
       
   730       if g > 1 then (let g' = zgcd n g in 
       
   731         if g' = 1 then (t',n) 
       
   732         else (reducecoeffh t' g', n div g')) 
       
   733       else (t',n))))"
       
   734 
       
   735 lemma simp_num_pair_ci:
       
   736   shows "((\<lambda> (t,n). Inum bs t / real n) (simp_num_pair (t,n))) = ((\<lambda> (t,n). Inum bs t / real n) (t,n))"
       
   737   (is "?lhs = ?rhs")
       
   738 proof-
       
   739   let ?t' = "simpnum t"
       
   740   let ?g = "numgcd ?t'"
       
   741   let ?g' = "zgcd n ?g"
       
   742   {assume nz: "n = 0" hence ?thesis by (simp add: Let_def simp_num_pair_def)}
       
   743   moreover
       
   744   { assume nnz: "n \<noteq> 0"
       
   745     {assume "\<not> ?g > 1" hence ?thesis by (simp add: Let_def simp_num_pair_def simpnum_ci)}
       
   746     moreover
       
   747     {assume g1:"?g>1" hence g0: "?g > 0" by simp
       
   748       from zgcd0 g1 nnz have gp0: "?g' \<noteq> 0" by simp
       
   749       hence g'p: "?g' > 0" using zgcd_pos[where i="n" and j="numgcd ?t'"] by arith 
       
   750       hence "?g'= 1 \<or> ?g' > 1" by arith
       
   751       moreover {assume "?g'=1" hence ?thesis by (simp add: Let_def simp_num_pair_def simpnum_ci)}
       
   752       moreover {assume g'1:"?g'>1"
       
   753 	from dvdnumcoeff_aux2[OF g1] have th1:"dvdnumcoeff ?t' ?g" ..
       
   754 	let ?tt = "reducecoeffh ?t' ?g'"
       
   755 	let ?t = "Inum bs ?tt"
       
   756 	have gpdg: "?g' dvd ?g" by (simp add: zgcd_zdvd2)
       
   757 	have gpdd: "?g' dvd n" by (simp add: zgcd_zdvd1) 
       
   758 	have gpdgp: "?g' dvd ?g'" by simp
       
   759 	from reducecoeffh[OF dvdnumcoeff_trans[OF gpdg th1] g'p] 
       
   760 	have th2:"real ?g' * ?t = Inum bs ?t'" by simp
       
   761 	from prems have "?lhs = ?t / real (n div ?g')" by (simp add: simp_num_pair_def Let_def)
       
   762 	also have "\<dots> = (real ?g' * ?t) / (real ?g' * (real (n div ?g')))" by simp
       
   763 	also have "\<dots> = (Inum bs ?t' / real n)"
       
   764 	  using real_of_int_div[OF gp0 gpdd] th2 gp0 by simp
       
   765 	finally have "?lhs = Inum bs t / real n" by (simp add: simpnum_ci)
       
   766 	then have ?thesis using prems by (simp add: simp_num_pair_def)}
       
   767       ultimately have ?thesis by blast}
       
   768     ultimately have ?thesis by blast} 
       
   769   ultimately show ?thesis by blast
       
   770 qed
       
   771 
       
   772 lemma simp_num_pair_l: assumes tnb: "numbound0 t" and np: "n >0" and tn: "simp_num_pair (t,n) = (t',n')"
       
   773   shows "numbound0 t' \<and> n' >0"
       
   774 proof-
       
   775     let ?t' = "simpnum t"
       
   776   let ?g = "numgcd ?t'"
       
   777   let ?g' = "zgcd n ?g"
       
   778   {assume nz: "n = 0" hence ?thesis using prems by (simp add: Let_def simp_num_pair_def)}
       
   779   moreover
       
   780   { assume nnz: "n \<noteq> 0"
       
   781     {assume "\<not> ?g > 1" hence ?thesis  using prems by (auto simp add: Let_def simp_num_pair_def simpnum_numbound0)}
       
   782     moreover
       
   783     {assume g1:"?g>1" hence g0: "?g > 0" by simp
       
   784       from zgcd0 g1 nnz have gp0: "?g' \<noteq> 0" by simp
       
   785       hence g'p: "?g' > 0" using zgcd_pos[where i="n" and j="numgcd ?t'"] by arith
       
   786       hence "?g'= 1 \<or> ?g' > 1" by arith
       
   787       moreover {assume "?g'=1" hence ?thesis using prems 
       
   788 	  by (auto simp add: Let_def simp_num_pair_def simpnum_numbound0)}
       
   789       moreover {assume g'1:"?g'>1"
       
   790 	have gpdg: "?g' dvd ?g" by (simp add: zgcd_zdvd2)
       
   791 	have gpdd: "?g' dvd n" by (simp add: zgcd_zdvd1) 
       
   792 	have gpdgp: "?g' dvd ?g'" by simp
       
   793 	from zdvd_imp_le[OF gpdd np] have g'n: "?g' \<le> n" .
       
   794 	from zdiv_mono1[OF g'n g'p, simplified zdiv_self[OF gp0]]
       
   795 	have "n div ?g' >0" by simp
       
   796 	hence ?thesis using prems 
       
   797 	  by(auto simp add: simp_num_pair_def Let_def reducecoeffh_numbound0 simpnum_numbound0)}
       
   798       ultimately have ?thesis by blast}
       
   799     ultimately have ?thesis by blast} 
       
   800   ultimately show ?thesis by blast
       
   801 qed
       
   802 
       
   803 consts simpfm :: "fm \<Rightarrow> fm"
       
   804 recdef simpfm "measure fmsize"
       
   805   "simpfm (And p q) = conj (simpfm p) (simpfm q)"
       
   806   "simpfm (Or p q) = disj (simpfm p) (simpfm q)"
       
   807   "simpfm (Imp p q) = imp (simpfm p) (simpfm q)"
       
   808   "simpfm (Iff p q) = iff (simpfm p) (simpfm q)"
       
   809   "simpfm (NOT p) = not (simpfm p)"
       
   810   "simpfm (Lt a) = (let a' = simpnum a in case a' of C v \<Rightarrow> if (v < 0) then T else F 
       
   811   | _ \<Rightarrow> Lt a')"
       
   812   "simpfm (Le a) = (let a' = simpnum a in case a' of C v \<Rightarrow> if (v \<le> 0)  then T else F | _ \<Rightarrow> Le a')"
       
   813   "simpfm (Gt a) = (let a' = simpnum a in case a' of C v \<Rightarrow> if (v > 0)  then T else F | _ \<Rightarrow> Gt a')"
       
   814   "simpfm (Ge a) = (let a' = simpnum a in case a' of C v \<Rightarrow> if (v \<ge> 0)  then T else F | _ \<Rightarrow> Ge a')"
       
   815   "simpfm (Eq a) = (let a' = simpnum a in case a' of C v \<Rightarrow> if (v = 0)  then T else F | _ \<Rightarrow> Eq a')"
       
   816   "simpfm (NEq a) = (let a' = simpnum a in case a' of C v \<Rightarrow> if (v \<noteq> 0)  then T else F | _ \<Rightarrow> NEq a')"
       
   817   "simpfm p = p"
       
   818 lemma simpfm: "Ifm bs (simpfm p) = Ifm bs p"
       
   819 proof(induct p rule: simpfm.induct)
       
   820   case (6 a) let ?sa = "simpnum a" from simpnum_ci have sa: "Inum bs ?sa = Inum bs a" by simp
       
   821   {fix v assume "?sa = C v" hence ?case using sa by simp }
       
   822   moreover {assume "\<not> (\<exists> v. ?sa = C v)" hence ?case using sa 
       
   823       by (cases ?sa, simp_all add: Let_def)}
       
   824   ultimately show ?case by blast
       
   825 next
       
   826   case (7 a)  let ?sa = "simpnum a" 
       
   827   from simpnum_ci have sa: "Inum bs ?sa = Inum bs a" by simp
       
   828   {fix v assume "?sa = C v" hence ?case using sa by simp }
       
   829   moreover {assume "\<not> (\<exists> v. ?sa = C v)" hence ?case using sa 
       
   830       by (cases ?sa, simp_all add: Let_def)}
       
   831   ultimately show ?case by blast
       
   832 next
       
   833   case (8 a)  let ?sa = "simpnum a" 
       
   834   from simpnum_ci have sa: "Inum bs ?sa = Inum bs a" by simp
       
   835   {fix v assume "?sa = C v" hence ?case using sa by simp }
       
   836   moreover {assume "\<not> (\<exists> v. ?sa = C v)" hence ?case using sa 
       
   837       by (cases ?sa, simp_all add: Let_def)}
       
   838   ultimately show ?case by blast
       
   839 next
       
   840   case (9 a)  let ?sa = "simpnum a" 
       
   841   from simpnum_ci have sa: "Inum bs ?sa = Inum bs a" by simp
       
   842   {fix v assume "?sa = C v" hence ?case using sa by simp }
       
   843   moreover {assume "\<not> (\<exists> v. ?sa = C v)" hence ?case using sa 
       
   844       by (cases ?sa, simp_all add: Let_def)}
       
   845   ultimately show ?case by blast
       
   846 next
       
   847   case (10 a)  let ?sa = "simpnum a" 
       
   848   from simpnum_ci have sa: "Inum bs ?sa = Inum bs a" by simp
       
   849   {fix v assume "?sa = C v" hence ?case using sa by simp }
       
   850   moreover {assume "\<not> (\<exists> v. ?sa = C v)" hence ?case using sa 
       
   851       by (cases ?sa, simp_all add: Let_def)}
       
   852   ultimately show ?case by blast
       
   853 next
       
   854   case (11 a)  let ?sa = "simpnum a" 
       
   855   from simpnum_ci have sa: "Inum bs ?sa = Inum bs a" by simp
       
   856   {fix v assume "?sa = C v" hence ?case using sa by simp }
       
   857   moreover {assume "\<not> (\<exists> v. ?sa = C v)" hence ?case using sa 
       
   858       by (cases ?sa, simp_all add: Let_def)}
       
   859   ultimately show ?case by blast
       
   860 qed (induct p rule: simpfm.induct, simp_all add: conj disj imp iff not)
       
   861 
       
   862 
       
   863 lemma simpfm_bound0: "bound0 p \<Longrightarrow> bound0 (simpfm p)"
       
   864 proof(induct p rule: simpfm.induct)
       
   865   case (6 a) hence nb: "numbound0 a" by simp
       
   866   hence "numbound0 (simpnum a)" by (simp only: simpnum_numbound0[OF nb])
       
   867   thus ?case by (cases "simpnum a", auto simp add: Let_def)
       
   868 next
       
   869   case (7 a) hence nb: "numbound0 a" by simp
       
   870   hence "numbound0 (simpnum a)" by (simp only: simpnum_numbound0[OF nb])
       
   871   thus ?case by (cases "simpnum a", auto simp add: Let_def)
       
   872 next
       
   873   case (8 a) hence nb: "numbound0 a" by simp
       
   874   hence "numbound0 (simpnum a)" by (simp only: simpnum_numbound0[OF nb])
       
   875   thus ?case by (cases "simpnum a", auto simp add: Let_def)
       
   876 next
       
   877   case (9 a) hence nb: "numbound0 a" by simp
       
   878   hence "numbound0 (simpnum a)" by (simp only: simpnum_numbound0[OF nb])
       
   879   thus ?case by (cases "simpnum a", auto simp add: Let_def)
       
   880 next
       
   881   case (10 a) hence nb: "numbound0 a" by simp
       
   882   hence "numbound0 (simpnum a)" by (simp only: simpnum_numbound0[OF nb])
       
   883   thus ?case by (cases "simpnum a", auto simp add: Let_def)
       
   884 next
       
   885   case (11 a) hence nb: "numbound0 a" by simp
       
   886   hence "numbound0 (simpnum a)" by (simp only: simpnum_numbound0[OF nb])
       
   887   thus ?case by (cases "simpnum a", auto simp add: Let_def)
       
   888 qed(auto simp add: disj_def imp_def iff_def conj_def not_bn)
       
   889 
       
   890 lemma simpfm_qf: "qfree p \<Longrightarrow> qfree (simpfm p)"
       
   891 by (induct p rule: simpfm.induct, auto simp add: disj_qf imp_qf iff_qf conj_qf not_qf Let_def)
       
   892  (case_tac "simpnum a",auto)+
       
   893 
       
   894 consts prep :: "fm \<Rightarrow> fm"
       
   895 recdef prep "measure fmsize"
       
   896   "prep (E T) = T"
       
   897   "prep (E F) = F"
       
   898   "prep (E (Or p q)) = disj (prep (E p)) (prep (E q))"
       
   899   "prep (E (Imp p q)) = disj (prep (E (NOT p))) (prep (E q))"
       
   900   "prep (E (Iff p q)) = disj (prep (E (And p q))) (prep (E (And (NOT p) (NOT q))))" 
       
   901   "prep (E (NOT (And p q))) = disj (prep (E (NOT p))) (prep (E(NOT q)))"
       
   902   "prep (E (NOT (Imp p q))) = prep (E (And p (NOT q)))"
       
   903   "prep (E (NOT (Iff p q))) = disj (prep (E (And p (NOT q)))) (prep (E(And (NOT p) q)))"
       
   904   "prep (E p) = E (prep p)"
       
   905   "prep (A (And p q)) = conj (prep (A p)) (prep (A q))"
       
   906   "prep (A p) = prep (NOT (E (NOT p)))"
       
   907   "prep (NOT (NOT p)) = prep p"
       
   908   "prep (NOT (And p q)) = disj (prep (NOT p)) (prep (NOT q))"
       
   909   "prep (NOT (A p)) = prep (E (NOT p))"
       
   910   "prep (NOT (Or p q)) = conj (prep (NOT p)) (prep (NOT q))"
       
   911   "prep (NOT (Imp p q)) = conj (prep p) (prep (NOT q))"
       
   912   "prep (NOT (Iff p q)) = disj (prep (And p (NOT q))) (prep (And (NOT p) q))"
       
   913   "prep (NOT p) = not (prep p)"
       
   914   "prep (Or p q) = disj (prep p) (prep q)"
       
   915   "prep (And p q) = conj (prep p) (prep q)"
       
   916   "prep (Imp p q) = prep (Or (NOT p) q)"
       
   917   "prep (Iff p q) = disj (prep (And p q)) (prep (And (NOT p) (NOT q)))"
       
   918   "prep p = p"
       
   919 (hints simp add: fmsize_pos)
       
   920 lemma prep: "\<And> bs. Ifm bs (prep p) = Ifm bs p"
       
   921 by (induct p rule: prep.induct, auto)
       
   922 
       
   923   (* Generic quantifier elimination *)
       
   924 consts qelim :: "fm \<Rightarrow> (fm \<Rightarrow> fm) \<Rightarrow> fm"
       
   925 recdef qelim "measure fmsize"
       
   926   "qelim (E p) = (\<lambda> qe. DJ qe (qelim p qe))"
       
   927   "qelim (A p) = (\<lambda> qe. not (qe ((qelim (NOT p) qe))))"
       
   928   "qelim (NOT p) = (\<lambda> qe. not (qelim p qe))"
       
   929   "qelim (And p q) = (\<lambda> qe. conj (qelim p qe) (qelim q qe))" 
       
   930   "qelim (Or  p q) = (\<lambda> qe. disj (qelim p qe) (qelim q qe))" 
       
   931   "qelim (Imp p q) = (\<lambda> qe. imp (qelim p qe) (qelim q qe))"
       
   932   "qelim (Iff p q) = (\<lambda> qe. iff (qelim p qe) (qelim q qe))"
       
   933   "qelim p = (\<lambda> y. simpfm p)"
       
   934 
       
   935 lemma qelim_ci:
       
   936   assumes qe_inv: "\<forall> bs p. qfree p \<longrightarrow> qfree (qe p) \<and> (Ifm bs (qe p) = Ifm bs (E p))"
       
   937   shows "\<And> bs. qfree (qelim p qe) \<and> (Ifm bs (qelim p qe) = Ifm bs p)"
       
   938 using qe_inv DJ_qe[OF qe_inv] 
       
   939 by(induct p rule: qelim.induct) 
       
   940 (auto simp add: not disj conj iff imp not_qf disj_qf conj_qf imp_qf iff_qf 
       
   941   simpfm simpfm_qf simp del: simpfm.simps)
       
   942 
       
   943 consts 
       
   944   plusinf:: "fm \<Rightarrow> fm" (* Virtual substitution of +\<infinity>*)
       
   945   minusinf:: "fm \<Rightarrow> fm" (* Virtual substitution of -\<infinity>*)
       
   946 recdef minusinf "measure size"
       
   947   "minusinf (And p q) = conj (minusinf p) (minusinf q)" 
       
   948   "minusinf (Or p q) = disj (minusinf p) (minusinf q)" 
       
   949   "minusinf (Eq  (CN 0 c e)) = F"
       
   950   "minusinf (NEq (CN 0 c e)) = T"
       
   951   "minusinf (Lt  (CN 0 c e)) = T"
       
   952   "minusinf (Le  (CN 0 c e)) = T"
       
   953   "minusinf (Gt  (CN 0 c e)) = F"
       
   954   "minusinf (Ge  (CN 0 c e)) = F"
       
   955   "minusinf p = p"
       
   956 
       
   957 recdef plusinf "measure size"
       
   958   "plusinf (And p q) = conj (plusinf p) (plusinf q)" 
       
   959   "plusinf (Or p q) = disj (plusinf p) (plusinf q)" 
       
   960   "plusinf (Eq  (CN 0 c e)) = F"
       
   961   "plusinf (NEq (CN 0 c e)) = T"
       
   962   "plusinf (Lt  (CN 0 c e)) = F"
       
   963   "plusinf (Le  (CN 0 c e)) = F"
       
   964   "plusinf (Gt  (CN 0 c e)) = T"
       
   965   "plusinf (Ge  (CN 0 c e)) = T"
       
   966   "plusinf p = p"
       
   967 
       
   968 consts
       
   969   isrlfm :: "fm \<Rightarrow> bool"   (* Linearity test for fm *)
       
   970 recdef isrlfm "measure size"
       
   971   "isrlfm (And p q) = (isrlfm p \<and> isrlfm q)" 
       
   972   "isrlfm (Or p q) = (isrlfm p \<and> isrlfm q)" 
       
   973   "isrlfm (Eq  (CN 0 c e)) = (c>0 \<and> numbound0 e)"
       
   974   "isrlfm (NEq (CN 0 c e)) = (c>0 \<and> numbound0 e)"
       
   975   "isrlfm (Lt  (CN 0 c e)) = (c>0 \<and> numbound0 e)"
       
   976   "isrlfm (Le  (CN 0 c e)) = (c>0 \<and> numbound0 e)"
       
   977   "isrlfm (Gt  (CN 0 c e)) = (c>0 \<and> numbound0 e)"
       
   978   "isrlfm (Ge  (CN 0 c e)) = (c>0 \<and> numbound0 e)"
       
   979   "isrlfm p = (isatom p \<and> (bound0 p))"
       
   980 
       
   981   (* splits the bounded from the unbounded part*)
       
   982 consts rsplit0 :: "num \<Rightarrow> int \<times> num" 
       
   983 recdef rsplit0 "measure num_size"
       
   984   "rsplit0 (Bound 0) = (1,C 0)"
       
   985   "rsplit0 (Add a b) = (let (ca,ta) = rsplit0 a ; (cb,tb) = rsplit0 b 
       
   986               in (ca+cb, Add ta tb))"
       
   987   "rsplit0 (Sub a b) = rsplit0 (Add a (Neg b))"
       
   988   "rsplit0 (Neg a) = (let (c,t) = rsplit0 a in (-c,Neg t))"
       
   989   "rsplit0 (Mul c a) = (let (ca,ta) = rsplit0 a in (c*ca,Mul c ta))"
       
   990   "rsplit0 (CN 0 c a) = (let (ca,ta) = rsplit0 a in (c+ca,ta))"
       
   991   "rsplit0 (CN n c a) = (let (ca,ta) = rsplit0 a in (ca,CN n c ta))"
       
   992   "rsplit0 t = (0,t)"
       
   993 lemma rsplit0: 
       
   994   shows "Inum bs ((split (CN 0)) (rsplit0 t)) = Inum bs t \<and> numbound0 (snd (rsplit0 t))"
       
   995 proof (induct t rule: rsplit0.induct)
       
   996   case (2 a b) 
       
   997   let ?sa = "rsplit0 a" let ?sb = "rsplit0 b"
       
   998   let ?ca = "fst ?sa" let ?cb = "fst ?sb"
       
   999   let ?ta = "snd ?sa" let ?tb = "snd ?sb"
       
  1000   from prems have nb: "numbound0 (snd(rsplit0 (Add a b)))" 
       
  1001     by(cases "rsplit0 a",auto simp add: Let_def split_def)
       
  1002   have "Inum bs ((split (CN 0)) (rsplit0 (Add a b))) = 
       
  1003     Inum bs ((split (CN 0)) ?sa)+Inum bs ((split (CN 0)) ?sb)"
       
  1004     by (simp add: Let_def split_def algebra_simps)
       
  1005   also have "\<dots> = Inum bs a + Inum bs b" using prems by (cases "rsplit0 a", simp_all)
       
  1006   finally show ?case using nb by simp 
       
  1007 qed(auto simp add: Let_def split_def algebra_simps , simp add: right_distrib[symmetric])
       
  1008 
       
  1009     (* Linearize a formula*)
       
  1010 definition
       
  1011   lt :: "int \<Rightarrow> num \<Rightarrow> fm"
       
  1012 where
       
  1013   "lt c t = (if c = 0 then (Lt t) else if c > 0 then (Lt (CN 0 c t)) 
       
  1014     else (Gt (CN 0 (-c) (Neg t))))"
       
  1015 
       
  1016 definition
       
  1017   le :: "int \<Rightarrow> num \<Rightarrow> fm"
       
  1018 where
       
  1019   "le c t = (if c = 0 then (Le t) else if c > 0 then (Le (CN 0 c t)) 
       
  1020     else (Ge (CN 0 (-c) (Neg t))))"
       
  1021 
       
  1022 definition
       
  1023   gt :: "int \<Rightarrow> num \<Rightarrow> fm"
       
  1024 where
       
  1025   "gt c t = (if c = 0 then (Gt t) else if c > 0 then (Gt (CN 0 c t)) 
       
  1026     else (Lt (CN 0 (-c) (Neg t))))"
       
  1027 
       
  1028 definition
       
  1029   ge :: "int \<Rightarrow> num \<Rightarrow> fm"
       
  1030 where
       
  1031   "ge c t = (if c = 0 then (Ge t) else if c > 0 then (Ge (CN 0 c t)) 
       
  1032     else (Le (CN 0 (-c) (Neg t))))"
       
  1033 
       
  1034 definition
       
  1035   eq :: "int \<Rightarrow> num \<Rightarrow> fm"
       
  1036 where
       
  1037   "eq c t = (if c = 0 then (Eq t) else if c > 0 then (Eq (CN 0 c t)) 
       
  1038     else (Eq (CN 0 (-c) (Neg t))))"
       
  1039 
       
  1040 definition
       
  1041   neq :: "int \<Rightarrow> num \<Rightarrow> fm"
       
  1042 where
       
  1043   "neq c t = (if c = 0 then (NEq t) else if c > 0 then (NEq (CN 0 c t)) 
       
  1044     else (NEq (CN 0 (-c) (Neg t))))"
       
  1045 
       
  1046 lemma lt: "numnoabs t \<Longrightarrow> Ifm bs (split lt (rsplit0 t)) = Ifm bs (Lt t) \<and> isrlfm (split lt (rsplit0 t))"
       
  1047 using rsplit0[where bs = "bs" and t="t"]
       
  1048 by (auto simp add: lt_def split_def,cases "snd(rsplit0 t)",auto,case_tac "nat",auto)
       
  1049 
       
  1050 lemma le: "numnoabs t \<Longrightarrow> Ifm bs (split le (rsplit0 t)) = Ifm bs (Le t) \<and> isrlfm (split le (rsplit0 t))"
       
  1051 using rsplit0[where bs = "bs" and t="t"]
       
  1052 by (auto simp add: le_def split_def) (cases "snd(rsplit0 t)",auto,case_tac "nat",auto)
       
  1053 
       
  1054 lemma gt: "numnoabs t \<Longrightarrow> Ifm bs (split gt (rsplit0 t)) = Ifm bs (Gt t) \<and> isrlfm (split gt (rsplit0 t))"
       
  1055 using rsplit0[where bs = "bs" and t="t"]
       
  1056 by (auto simp add: gt_def split_def) (cases "snd(rsplit0 t)",auto,case_tac "nat",auto)
       
  1057 
       
  1058 lemma ge: "numnoabs t \<Longrightarrow> Ifm bs (split ge (rsplit0 t)) = Ifm bs (Ge t) \<and> isrlfm (split ge (rsplit0 t))"
       
  1059 using rsplit0[where bs = "bs" and t="t"]
       
  1060 by (auto simp add: ge_def split_def) (cases "snd(rsplit0 t)",auto,case_tac "nat",auto)
       
  1061 
       
  1062 lemma eq: "numnoabs t \<Longrightarrow> Ifm bs (split eq (rsplit0 t)) = Ifm bs (Eq t) \<and> isrlfm (split eq (rsplit0 t))"
       
  1063 using rsplit0[where bs = "bs" and t="t"]
       
  1064 by (auto simp add: eq_def split_def) (cases "snd(rsplit0 t)",auto,case_tac "nat",auto)
       
  1065 
       
  1066 lemma neq: "numnoabs t \<Longrightarrow> Ifm bs (split neq (rsplit0 t)) = Ifm bs (NEq t) \<and> isrlfm (split neq (rsplit0 t))"
       
  1067 using rsplit0[where bs = "bs" and t="t"]
       
  1068 by (auto simp add: neq_def split_def) (cases "snd(rsplit0 t)",auto,case_tac "nat",auto)
       
  1069 
       
  1070 lemma conj_lin: "isrlfm p \<Longrightarrow> isrlfm q \<Longrightarrow> isrlfm (conj p q)"
       
  1071 by (auto simp add: conj_def)
       
  1072 lemma disj_lin: "isrlfm p \<Longrightarrow> isrlfm q \<Longrightarrow> isrlfm (disj p q)"
       
  1073 by (auto simp add: disj_def)
       
  1074 
       
  1075 consts rlfm :: "fm \<Rightarrow> fm"
       
  1076 recdef rlfm "measure fmsize"
       
  1077   "rlfm (And p q) = conj (rlfm p) (rlfm q)"
       
  1078   "rlfm (Or p q) = disj (rlfm p) (rlfm q)"
       
  1079   "rlfm (Imp p q) = disj (rlfm (NOT p)) (rlfm q)"
       
  1080   "rlfm (Iff p q) = disj (conj (rlfm p) (rlfm q)) (conj (rlfm (NOT p)) (rlfm (NOT q)))"
       
  1081   "rlfm (Lt a) = split lt (rsplit0 a)"
       
  1082   "rlfm (Le a) = split le (rsplit0 a)"
       
  1083   "rlfm (Gt a) = split gt (rsplit0 a)"
       
  1084   "rlfm (Ge a) = split ge (rsplit0 a)"
       
  1085   "rlfm (Eq a) = split eq (rsplit0 a)"
       
  1086   "rlfm (NEq a) = split neq (rsplit0 a)"
       
  1087   "rlfm (NOT (And p q)) = disj (rlfm (NOT p)) (rlfm (NOT q))"
       
  1088   "rlfm (NOT (Or p q)) = conj (rlfm (NOT p)) (rlfm (NOT q))"
       
  1089   "rlfm (NOT (Imp p q)) = conj (rlfm p) (rlfm (NOT q))"
       
  1090   "rlfm (NOT (Iff p q)) = disj (conj(rlfm p) (rlfm(NOT q))) (conj(rlfm(NOT p)) (rlfm q))"
       
  1091   "rlfm (NOT (NOT p)) = rlfm p"
       
  1092   "rlfm (NOT T) = F"
       
  1093   "rlfm (NOT F) = T"
       
  1094   "rlfm (NOT (Lt a)) = rlfm (Ge a)"
       
  1095   "rlfm (NOT (Le a)) = rlfm (Gt a)"
       
  1096   "rlfm (NOT (Gt a)) = rlfm (Le a)"
       
  1097   "rlfm (NOT (Ge a)) = rlfm (Lt a)"
       
  1098   "rlfm (NOT (Eq a)) = rlfm (NEq a)"
       
  1099   "rlfm (NOT (NEq a)) = rlfm (Eq a)"
       
  1100   "rlfm p = p" (hints simp add: fmsize_pos)
       
  1101 
       
  1102 lemma rlfm_I:
       
  1103   assumes qfp: "qfree p"
       
  1104   shows "(Ifm bs (rlfm p) = Ifm bs p) \<and> isrlfm (rlfm p)"
       
  1105   using qfp 
       
  1106 by (induct p rule: rlfm.induct, auto simp add: lt le gt ge eq neq conj disj conj_lin disj_lin)
       
  1107 
       
  1108     (* Operations needed for Ferrante and Rackoff *)
       
  1109 lemma rminusinf_inf:
       
  1110   assumes lp: "isrlfm p"
       
  1111   shows "\<exists> z. \<forall> x < z. Ifm (x#bs) (minusinf p) = Ifm (x#bs) p" (is "\<exists> z. \<forall> x. ?P z x p")
       
  1112 using lp
       
  1113 proof (induct p rule: minusinf.induct)
       
  1114   case (1 p q) thus ?case by (auto,rule_tac x= "min z za" in exI) auto 
       
  1115 next
       
  1116   case (2 p q) thus ?case by (auto,rule_tac x= "min z za" in exI) auto
       
  1117 next
       
  1118   case (3 c e) 
       
  1119   from prems have nb: "numbound0 e" by simp
       
  1120   from prems have cp: "real c > 0" by simp
       
  1121   fix a
       
  1122   let ?e="Inum (a#bs) e"
       
  1123   let ?z = "(- ?e) / real c"
       
  1124   {fix x
       
  1125     assume xz: "x < ?z"
       
  1126     hence "(real c * x < - ?e)" 
       
  1127       by (simp only: pos_less_divide_eq[OF cp, where a="x" and b="- ?e"] mult_ac) 
       
  1128     hence "real c * x + ?e < 0" by arith
       
  1129     hence "real c * x + ?e \<noteq> 0" by simp
       
  1130     with xz have "?P ?z x (Eq (CN 0 c e))"
       
  1131       using numbound0_I[OF nb, where b="x" and bs="bs" and b'="a"] by simp  }
       
  1132   hence "\<forall> x < ?z. ?P ?z x (Eq (CN 0 c e))" by simp
       
  1133   thus ?case by blast
       
  1134 next
       
  1135   case (4 c e)   
       
  1136   from prems have nb: "numbound0 e" by simp
       
  1137   from prems have cp: "real c > 0" by simp
       
  1138   fix a
       
  1139   let ?e="Inum (a#bs) e"
       
  1140   let ?z = "(- ?e) / real c"
       
  1141   {fix x
       
  1142     assume xz: "x < ?z"
       
  1143     hence "(real c * x < - ?e)" 
       
  1144       by (simp only: pos_less_divide_eq[OF cp, where a="x" and b="- ?e"] mult_ac) 
       
  1145     hence "real c * x + ?e < 0" by arith
       
  1146     hence "real c * x + ?e \<noteq> 0" by simp
       
  1147     with xz have "?P ?z x (NEq (CN 0 c e))"
       
  1148       using numbound0_I[OF nb, where b="x" and bs="bs" and b'="a"] by simp }
       
  1149   hence "\<forall> x < ?z. ?P ?z x (NEq (CN 0 c e))" by simp
       
  1150   thus ?case by blast
       
  1151 next
       
  1152   case (5 c e) 
       
  1153     from prems have nb: "numbound0 e" by simp
       
  1154   from prems have cp: "real c > 0" by simp
       
  1155   fix a
       
  1156   let ?e="Inum (a#bs) e"
       
  1157   let ?z = "(- ?e) / real c"
       
  1158   {fix x
       
  1159     assume xz: "x < ?z"
       
  1160     hence "(real c * x < - ?e)" 
       
  1161       by (simp only: pos_less_divide_eq[OF cp, where a="x" and b="- ?e"] mult_ac) 
       
  1162     hence "real c * x + ?e < 0" by arith
       
  1163     with xz have "?P ?z x (Lt (CN 0 c e))"
       
  1164       using numbound0_I[OF nb, where b="x" and bs="bs" and b'="a"]  by simp }
       
  1165   hence "\<forall> x < ?z. ?P ?z x (Lt (CN 0 c e))" by simp
       
  1166   thus ?case by blast
       
  1167 next
       
  1168   case (6 c e)  
       
  1169     from prems have nb: "numbound0 e" by simp
       
  1170   from prems have cp: "real c > 0" by simp
       
  1171   fix a
       
  1172   let ?e="Inum (a#bs) e"
       
  1173   let ?z = "(- ?e) / real c"
       
  1174   {fix x
       
  1175     assume xz: "x < ?z"
       
  1176     hence "(real c * x < - ?e)" 
       
  1177       by (simp only: pos_less_divide_eq[OF cp, where a="x" and b="- ?e"] mult_ac) 
       
  1178     hence "real c * x + ?e < 0" by arith
       
  1179     with xz have "?P ?z x (Le (CN 0 c e))"
       
  1180       using numbound0_I[OF nb, where b="x" and bs="bs" and b'="a"] by simp }
       
  1181   hence "\<forall> x < ?z. ?P ?z x (Le (CN 0 c e))" by simp
       
  1182   thus ?case by blast
       
  1183 next
       
  1184   case (7 c e)  
       
  1185     from prems have nb: "numbound0 e" by simp
       
  1186   from prems have cp: "real c > 0" by simp
       
  1187   fix a
       
  1188   let ?e="Inum (a#bs) e"
       
  1189   let ?z = "(- ?e) / real c"
       
  1190   {fix x
       
  1191     assume xz: "x < ?z"
       
  1192     hence "(real c * x < - ?e)" 
       
  1193       by (simp only: pos_less_divide_eq[OF cp, where a="x" and b="- ?e"] mult_ac) 
       
  1194     hence "real c * x + ?e < 0" by arith
       
  1195     with xz have "?P ?z x (Gt (CN 0 c e))"
       
  1196       using numbound0_I[OF nb, where b="x" and bs="bs" and b'="a"] by simp }
       
  1197   hence "\<forall> x < ?z. ?P ?z x (Gt (CN 0 c e))" by simp
       
  1198   thus ?case by blast
       
  1199 next
       
  1200   case (8 c e)  
       
  1201     from prems have nb: "numbound0 e" by simp
       
  1202   from prems have cp: "real c > 0" by simp
       
  1203   fix a
       
  1204   let ?e="Inum (a#bs) e"
       
  1205   let ?z = "(- ?e) / real c"
       
  1206   {fix x
       
  1207     assume xz: "x < ?z"
       
  1208     hence "(real c * x < - ?e)" 
       
  1209       by (simp only: pos_less_divide_eq[OF cp, where a="x" and b="- ?e"] mult_ac) 
       
  1210     hence "real c * x + ?e < 0" by arith
       
  1211     with xz have "?P ?z x (Ge (CN 0 c e))"
       
  1212       using numbound0_I[OF nb, where b="x" and bs="bs" and b'="a"] by simp }
       
  1213   hence "\<forall> x < ?z. ?P ?z x (Ge (CN 0 c e))" by simp
       
  1214   thus ?case by blast
       
  1215 qed simp_all
       
  1216 
       
  1217 lemma rplusinf_inf:
       
  1218   assumes lp: "isrlfm p"
       
  1219   shows "\<exists> z. \<forall> x > z. Ifm (x#bs) (plusinf p) = Ifm (x#bs) p" (is "\<exists> z. \<forall> x. ?P z x p")
       
  1220 using lp
       
  1221 proof (induct p rule: isrlfm.induct)
       
  1222   case (1 p q) thus ?case by (auto,rule_tac x= "max z za" in exI) auto
       
  1223 next
       
  1224   case (2 p q) thus ?case by (auto,rule_tac x= "max z za" in exI) auto
       
  1225 next
       
  1226   case (3 c e) 
       
  1227   from prems have nb: "numbound0 e" by simp
       
  1228   from prems have cp: "real c > 0" by simp
       
  1229   fix a
       
  1230   let ?e="Inum (a#bs) e"
       
  1231   let ?z = "(- ?e) / real c"
       
  1232   {fix x
       
  1233     assume xz: "x > ?z"
       
  1234     with mult_strict_right_mono [OF xz cp] cp
       
  1235     have "(real c * x > - ?e)" by (simp add: mult_ac)
       
  1236     hence "real c * x + ?e > 0" by arith
       
  1237     hence "real c * x + ?e \<noteq> 0" by simp
       
  1238     with xz have "?P ?z x (Eq (CN 0 c e))"
       
  1239       using numbound0_I[OF nb, where b="x" and bs="bs" and b'="a"] by simp }
       
  1240   hence "\<forall> x > ?z. ?P ?z x (Eq (CN 0 c e))" by simp
       
  1241   thus ?case by blast
       
  1242 next
       
  1243   case (4 c e) 
       
  1244   from prems have nb: "numbound0 e" by simp
       
  1245   from prems have cp: "real c > 0" by simp
       
  1246   fix a
       
  1247   let ?e="Inum (a#bs) e"
       
  1248   let ?z = "(- ?e) / real c"
       
  1249   {fix x
       
  1250     assume xz: "x > ?z"
       
  1251     with mult_strict_right_mono [OF xz cp] cp
       
  1252     have "(real c * x > - ?e)" by (simp add: mult_ac)
       
  1253     hence "real c * x + ?e > 0" by arith
       
  1254     hence "real c * x + ?e \<noteq> 0" by simp
       
  1255     with xz have "?P ?z x (NEq (CN 0 c e))"
       
  1256       using numbound0_I[OF nb, where b="x" and bs="bs" and b'="a"] by simp }
       
  1257   hence "\<forall> x > ?z. ?P ?z x (NEq (CN 0 c e))" by simp
       
  1258   thus ?case by blast
       
  1259 next
       
  1260   case (5 c e) 
       
  1261   from prems have nb: "numbound0 e" by simp
       
  1262   from prems have cp: "real c > 0" by simp
       
  1263   fix a
       
  1264   let ?e="Inum (a#bs) e"
       
  1265   let ?z = "(- ?e) / real c"
       
  1266   {fix x
       
  1267     assume xz: "x > ?z"
       
  1268     with mult_strict_right_mono [OF xz cp] cp
       
  1269     have "(real c * x > - ?e)" by (simp add: mult_ac)
       
  1270     hence "real c * x + ?e > 0" by arith
       
  1271     with xz have "?P ?z x (Lt (CN 0 c e))"
       
  1272       using numbound0_I[OF nb, where b="x" and bs="bs" and b'="a"] by simp }
       
  1273   hence "\<forall> x > ?z. ?P ?z x (Lt (CN 0 c e))" by simp
       
  1274   thus ?case by blast
       
  1275 next
       
  1276   case (6 c e) 
       
  1277   from prems have nb: "numbound0 e" by simp
       
  1278   from prems have cp: "real c > 0" by simp
       
  1279   fix a
       
  1280   let ?e="Inum (a#bs) e"
       
  1281   let ?z = "(- ?e) / real c"
       
  1282   {fix x
       
  1283     assume xz: "x > ?z"
       
  1284     with mult_strict_right_mono [OF xz cp] cp
       
  1285     have "(real c * x > - ?e)" by (simp add: mult_ac)
       
  1286     hence "real c * x + ?e > 0" by arith
       
  1287     with xz have "?P ?z x (Le (CN 0 c e))"
       
  1288       using numbound0_I[OF nb, where b="x" and bs="bs" and b'="a"] by simp }
       
  1289   hence "\<forall> x > ?z. ?P ?z x (Le (CN 0 c e))" by simp
       
  1290   thus ?case by blast
       
  1291 next
       
  1292   case (7 c e) 
       
  1293   from prems have nb: "numbound0 e" by simp
       
  1294   from prems have cp: "real c > 0" by simp
       
  1295   fix a
       
  1296   let ?e="Inum (a#bs) e"
       
  1297   let ?z = "(- ?e) / real c"
       
  1298   {fix x
       
  1299     assume xz: "x > ?z"
       
  1300     with mult_strict_right_mono [OF xz cp] cp
       
  1301     have "(real c * x > - ?e)" by (simp add: mult_ac)
       
  1302     hence "real c * x + ?e > 0" by arith
       
  1303     with xz have "?P ?z x (Gt (CN 0 c e))"
       
  1304       using numbound0_I[OF nb, where b="x" and bs="bs" and b'="a"] by simp }
       
  1305   hence "\<forall> x > ?z. ?P ?z x (Gt (CN 0 c e))" by simp
       
  1306   thus ?case by blast
       
  1307 next
       
  1308   case (8 c e) 
       
  1309   from prems have nb: "numbound0 e" by simp
       
  1310   from prems have cp: "real c > 0" by simp
       
  1311   fix a
       
  1312   let ?e="Inum (a#bs) e"
       
  1313   let ?z = "(- ?e) / real c"
       
  1314   {fix x
       
  1315     assume xz: "x > ?z"
       
  1316     with mult_strict_right_mono [OF xz cp] cp
       
  1317     have "(real c * x > - ?e)" by (simp add: mult_ac)
       
  1318     hence "real c * x + ?e > 0" by arith
       
  1319     with xz have "?P ?z x (Ge (CN 0 c e))"
       
  1320       using numbound0_I[OF nb, where b="x" and bs="bs" and b'="a"]   by simp }
       
  1321   hence "\<forall> x > ?z. ?P ?z x (Ge (CN 0 c e))" by simp
       
  1322   thus ?case by blast
       
  1323 qed simp_all
       
  1324 
       
  1325 lemma rminusinf_bound0:
       
  1326   assumes lp: "isrlfm p"
       
  1327   shows "bound0 (minusinf p)"
       
  1328   using lp
       
  1329   by (induct p rule: minusinf.induct) simp_all
       
  1330 
       
  1331 lemma rplusinf_bound0:
       
  1332   assumes lp: "isrlfm p"
       
  1333   shows "bound0 (plusinf p)"
       
  1334   using lp
       
  1335   by (induct p rule: plusinf.induct) simp_all
       
  1336 
       
  1337 lemma rminusinf_ex:
       
  1338   assumes lp: "isrlfm p"
       
  1339   and ex: "Ifm (a#bs) (minusinf p)"
       
  1340   shows "\<exists> x. Ifm (x#bs) p"
       
  1341 proof-
       
  1342   from bound0_I [OF rminusinf_bound0[OF lp], where b="a" and bs ="bs"] ex
       
  1343   have th: "\<forall> x. Ifm (x#bs) (minusinf p)" by auto
       
  1344   from rminusinf_inf[OF lp, where bs="bs"] 
       
  1345   obtain z where z_def: "\<forall>x<z. Ifm (x # bs) (minusinf p) = Ifm (x # bs) p" by blast
       
  1346   from th have "Ifm ((z - 1)#bs) (minusinf p)" by simp
       
  1347   moreover have "z - 1 < z" by simp
       
  1348   ultimately show ?thesis using z_def by auto
       
  1349 qed
       
  1350 
       
  1351 lemma rplusinf_ex:
       
  1352   assumes lp: "isrlfm p"
       
  1353   and ex: "Ifm (a#bs) (plusinf p)"
       
  1354   shows "\<exists> x. Ifm (x#bs) p"
       
  1355 proof-
       
  1356   from bound0_I [OF rplusinf_bound0[OF lp], where b="a" and bs ="bs"] ex
       
  1357   have th: "\<forall> x. Ifm (x#bs) (plusinf p)" by auto
       
  1358   from rplusinf_inf[OF lp, where bs="bs"] 
       
  1359   obtain z where z_def: "\<forall>x>z. Ifm (x # bs) (plusinf p) = Ifm (x # bs) p" by blast
       
  1360   from th have "Ifm ((z + 1)#bs) (plusinf p)" by simp
       
  1361   moreover have "z + 1 > z" by simp
       
  1362   ultimately show ?thesis using z_def by auto
       
  1363 qed
       
  1364 
       
  1365 consts 
       
  1366   uset:: "fm \<Rightarrow> (num \<times> int) list"
       
  1367   usubst :: "fm \<Rightarrow> (num \<times> int) \<Rightarrow> fm "
       
  1368 recdef uset "measure size"
       
  1369   "uset (And p q) = (uset p @ uset q)" 
       
  1370   "uset (Or p q) = (uset p @ uset q)" 
       
  1371   "uset (Eq  (CN 0 c e)) = [(Neg e,c)]"
       
  1372   "uset (NEq (CN 0 c e)) = [(Neg e,c)]"
       
  1373   "uset (Lt  (CN 0 c e)) = [(Neg e,c)]"
       
  1374   "uset (Le  (CN 0 c e)) = [(Neg e,c)]"
       
  1375   "uset (Gt  (CN 0 c e)) = [(Neg e,c)]"
       
  1376   "uset (Ge  (CN 0 c e)) = [(Neg e,c)]"
       
  1377   "uset p = []"
       
  1378 recdef usubst "measure size"
       
  1379   "usubst (And p q) = (\<lambda> (t,n). And (usubst p (t,n)) (usubst q (t,n)))"
       
  1380   "usubst (Or p q) = (\<lambda> (t,n). Or (usubst p (t,n)) (usubst q (t,n)))"
       
  1381   "usubst (Eq (CN 0 c e)) = (\<lambda> (t,n). Eq (Add (Mul c t) (Mul n e)))"
       
  1382   "usubst (NEq (CN 0 c e)) = (\<lambda> (t,n). NEq (Add (Mul c t) (Mul n e)))"
       
  1383   "usubst (Lt (CN 0 c e)) = (\<lambda> (t,n). Lt (Add (Mul c t) (Mul n e)))"
       
  1384   "usubst (Le (CN 0 c e)) = (\<lambda> (t,n). Le (Add (Mul c t) (Mul n e)))"
       
  1385   "usubst (Gt (CN 0 c e)) = (\<lambda> (t,n). Gt (Add (Mul c t) (Mul n e)))"
       
  1386   "usubst (Ge (CN 0 c e)) = (\<lambda> (t,n). Ge (Add (Mul c t) (Mul n e)))"
       
  1387   "usubst p = (\<lambda> (t,n). p)"
       
  1388 
       
  1389 lemma usubst_I: assumes lp: "isrlfm p"
       
  1390   and np: "real n > 0" and nbt: "numbound0 t"
       
  1391   shows "(Ifm (x#bs) (usubst p (t,n)) = Ifm (((Inum (x#bs) t)/(real n))#bs) p) \<and> bound0 (usubst p (t,n))" (is "(?I x (usubst p (t,n)) = ?I ?u p) \<and> ?B p" is "(_ = ?I (?t/?n) p) \<and> _" is "(_ = ?I (?N x t /_) p) \<and> _")
       
  1392   using lp
       
  1393 proof(induct p rule: usubst.induct)
       
  1394   case (5 c e) from prems have cp: "c >0" and nb: "numbound0 e" by simp+
       
  1395   have "?I ?u (Lt (CN 0 c e)) = (real c *(?t/?n) + (?N x e) < 0)"
       
  1396     using numbound0_I[OF nb, where bs="bs" and b="?u" and b'="x"] by simp
       
  1397   also have "\<dots> = (?n*(real c *(?t/?n)) + ?n*(?N x e) < 0)"
       
  1398     by (simp only: pos_less_divide_eq[OF np, where a="real c *(?t/?n) + (?N x e)" 
       
  1399       and b="0", simplified divide_zero_left]) (simp only: algebra_simps)
       
  1400   also have "\<dots> = (real c *?t + ?n* (?N x e) < 0)"
       
  1401     using np by simp 
       
  1402   finally show ?case using nbt nb by (simp add: algebra_simps)
       
  1403 next
       
  1404   case (6 c e) from prems have cp: "c >0" and nb: "numbound0 e" by simp+
       
  1405   have "?I ?u (Le (CN 0 c e)) = (real c *(?t/?n) + (?N x e) \<le> 0)"
       
  1406     using numbound0_I[OF nb, where bs="bs" and b="?u" and b'="x"] by simp
       
  1407   also have "\<dots> = (?n*(real c *(?t/?n)) + ?n*(?N x e) \<le> 0)"
       
  1408     by (simp only: pos_le_divide_eq[OF np, where a="real c *(?t/?n) + (?N x e)" 
       
  1409       and b="0", simplified divide_zero_left]) (simp only: algebra_simps)
       
  1410   also have "\<dots> = (real c *?t + ?n* (?N x e) \<le> 0)"
       
  1411     using np by simp 
       
  1412   finally show ?case using nbt nb by (simp add: algebra_simps)
       
  1413 next
       
  1414   case (7 c e) from prems have cp: "c >0" and nb: "numbound0 e" by simp+
       
  1415   have "?I ?u (Gt (CN 0 c e)) = (real c *(?t/?n) + (?N x e) > 0)"
       
  1416     using numbound0_I[OF nb, where bs="bs" and b="?u" and b'="x"] by simp
       
  1417   also have "\<dots> = (?n*(real c *(?t/?n)) + ?n*(?N x e) > 0)"
       
  1418     by (simp only: pos_divide_less_eq[OF np, where a="real c *(?t/?n) + (?N x e)" 
       
  1419       and b="0", simplified divide_zero_left]) (simp only: algebra_simps)
       
  1420   also have "\<dots> = (real c *?t + ?n* (?N x e) > 0)"
       
  1421     using np by simp 
       
  1422   finally show ?case using nbt nb by (simp add: algebra_simps)
       
  1423 next
       
  1424   case (8 c e) from prems have cp: "c >0" and nb: "numbound0 e" by simp+
       
  1425   have "?I ?u (Ge (CN 0 c e)) = (real c *(?t/?n) + (?N x e) \<ge> 0)"
       
  1426     using numbound0_I[OF nb, where bs="bs" and b="?u" and b'="x"] by simp
       
  1427   also have "\<dots> = (?n*(real c *(?t/?n)) + ?n*(?N x e) \<ge> 0)"
       
  1428     by (simp only: pos_divide_le_eq[OF np, where a="real c *(?t/?n) + (?N x e)" 
       
  1429       and b="0", simplified divide_zero_left]) (simp only: algebra_simps)
       
  1430   also have "\<dots> = (real c *?t + ?n* (?N x e) \<ge> 0)"
       
  1431     using np by simp 
       
  1432   finally show ?case using nbt nb by (simp add: algebra_simps)
       
  1433 next
       
  1434   case (3 c e) from prems have cp: "c >0" and nb: "numbound0 e" by simp+
       
  1435   from np have np: "real n \<noteq> 0" by simp
       
  1436   have "?I ?u (Eq (CN 0 c e)) = (real c *(?t/?n) + (?N x e) = 0)"
       
  1437     using numbound0_I[OF nb, where bs="bs" and b="?u" and b'="x"] by simp
       
  1438   also have "\<dots> = (?n*(real c *(?t/?n)) + ?n*(?N x e) = 0)"
       
  1439     by (simp only: nonzero_eq_divide_eq[OF np, where a="real c *(?t/?n) + (?N x e)" 
       
  1440       and b="0", simplified divide_zero_left]) (simp only: algebra_simps)
       
  1441   also have "\<dots> = (real c *?t + ?n* (?N x e) = 0)"
       
  1442     using np by simp 
       
  1443   finally show ?case using nbt nb by (simp add: algebra_simps)
       
  1444 next
       
  1445   case (4 c e) from prems have cp: "c >0" and nb: "numbound0 e" by simp+
       
  1446   from np have np: "real n \<noteq> 0" by simp
       
  1447   have "?I ?u (NEq (CN 0 c e)) = (real c *(?t/?n) + (?N x e) \<noteq> 0)"
       
  1448     using numbound0_I[OF nb, where bs="bs" and b="?u" and b'="x"] by simp
       
  1449   also have "\<dots> = (?n*(real c *(?t/?n)) + ?n*(?N x e) \<noteq> 0)"
       
  1450     by (simp only: nonzero_eq_divide_eq[OF np, where a="real c *(?t/?n) + (?N x e)" 
       
  1451       and b="0", simplified divide_zero_left]) (simp only: algebra_simps)
       
  1452   also have "\<dots> = (real c *?t + ?n* (?N x e) \<noteq> 0)"
       
  1453     using np by simp 
       
  1454   finally show ?case using nbt nb by (simp add: algebra_simps)
       
  1455 qed(simp_all add: nbt numbound0_I[where bs ="bs" and b="(Inum (x#bs) t)/ real n" and b'="x"] nth_pos2)
       
  1456 
       
  1457 lemma uset_l:
       
  1458   assumes lp: "isrlfm p"
       
  1459   shows "\<forall> (t,k) \<in> set (uset p). numbound0 t \<and> k >0"
       
  1460 using lp
       
  1461 by(induct p rule: uset.induct,auto)
       
  1462 
       
  1463 lemma rminusinf_uset:
       
  1464   assumes lp: "isrlfm p"
       
  1465   and nmi: "\<not> (Ifm (a#bs) (minusinf p))" (is "\<not> (Ifm (a#bs) (?M p))")
       
  1466   and ex: "Ifm (x#bs) p" (is "?I x p")
       
  1467   shows "\<exists> (s,m) \<in> set (uset p). x \<ge> Inum (a#bs) s / real m" (is "\<exists> (s,m) \<in> ?U p. x \<ge> ?N a s / real m")
       
  1468 proof-
       
  1469   have "\<exists> (s,m) \<in> set (uset p). real m * x \<ge> Inum (a#bs) s " (is "\<exists> (s,m) \<in> ?U p. real m *x \<ge> ?N a s")
       
  1470     using lp nmi ex
       
  1471     by (induct p rule: minusinf.induct, auto simp add:numbound0_I[where bs="bs" and b="a" and b'="x"] nth_pos2)
       
  1472   then obtain s m where smU: "(s,m) \<in> set (uset p)" and mx: "real m * x \<ge> ?N a s" by blast
       
  1473   from uset_l[OF lp] smU have mp: "real m > 0" by auto
       
  1474   from pos_divide_le_eq[OF mp, where a="x" and b="?N a s", symmetric] mx have "x \<ge> ?N a s / real m" 
       
  1475     by (auto simp add: mult_commute)
       
  1476   thus ?thesis using smU by auto
       
  1477 qed
       
  1478 
       
  1479 lemma rplusinf_uset:
       
  1480   assumes lp: "isrlfm p"
       
  1481   and nmi: "\<not> (Ifm (a#bs) (plusinf p))" (is "\<not> (Ifm (a#bs) (?M p))")
       
  1482   and ex: "Ifm (x#bs) p" (is "?I x p")
       
  1483   shows "\<exists> (s,m) \<in> set (uset p). x \<le> Inum (a#bs) s / real m" (is "\<exists> (s,m) \<in> ?U p. x \<le> ?N a s / real m")
       
  1484 proof-
       
  1485   have "\<exists> (s,m) \<in> set (uset p). real m * x \<le> Inum (a#bs) s " (is "\<exists> (s,m) \<in> ?U p. real m *x \<le> ?N a s")
       
  1486     using lp nmi ex
       
  1487     by (induct p rule: minusinf.induct, auto simp add:numbound0_I[where bs="bs" and b="a" and b'="x"] nth_pos2)
       
  1488   then obtain s m where smU: "(s,m) \<in> set (uset p)" and mx: "real m * x \<le> ?N a s" by blast
       
  1489   from uset_l[OF lp] smU have mp: "real m > 0" by auto
       
  1490   from pos_le_divide_eq[OF mp, where a="x" and b="?N a s", symmetric] mx have "x \<le> ?N a s / real m" 
       
  1491     by (auto simp add: mult_commute)
       
  1492   thus ?thesis using smU by auto
       
  1493 qed
       
  1494 
       
  1495 lemma lin_dense: 
       
  1496   assumes lp: "isrlfm p"
       
  1497   and noS: "\<forall> t. l < t \<and> t< u \<longrightarrow> t \<notin> (\<lambda> (t,n). Inum (x#bs) t / real n) ` set (uset p)" 
       
  1498   (is "\<forall> t. _ \<and> _ \<longrightarrow> t \<notin> (\<lambda> (t,n). ?N x t / real n ) ` (?U p)")
       
  1499   and lx: "l < x" and xu:"x < u" and px:" Ifm (x#bs) p"
       
  1500   and ly: "l < y" and yu: "y < u"
       
  1501   shows "Ifm (y#bs) p"
       
  1502 using lp px noS
       
  1503 proof (induct p rule: isrlfm.induct)
       
  1504   case (5 c e) hence cp: "real c > 0" and nb: "numbound0 e" by simp+
       
  1505     from prems have "x * real c + ?N x e < 0" by (simp add: algebra_simps)
       
  1506     hence pxc: "x < (- ?N x e) / real c" 
       
  1507       by (simp only: pos_less_divide_eq[OF cp, where a="x" and b="-?N x e"])
       
  1508     from prems have noSc:"\<forall> t. l < t \<and> t < u \<longrightarrow> t \<noteq> (- ?N x e) / real c" by auto
       
  1509     with ly yu have yne: "y \<noteq> - ?N x e / real c" by auto
       
  1510     hence "y < (- ?N x e) / real c \<or> y > (-?N x e) / real c" by auto
       
  1511     moreover {assume y: "y < (-?N x e)/ real c"
       
  1512       hence "y * real c < - ?N x e"
       
  1513 	by (simp add: pos_less_divide_eq[OF cp, where a="y" and b="-?N x e", symmetric])
       
  1514       hence "real c * y + ?N x e < 0" by (simp add: algebra_simps)
       
  1515       hence ?case using numbound0_I[OF nb, where bs="bs" and b="x" and b'="y"] by simp}
       
  1516     moreover {assume y: "y > (- ?N x e) / real c" 
       
  1517       with yu have eu: "u > (- ?N x e) / real c" by auto
       
  1518       with noSc ly yu have "(- ?N x e) / real c \<le> l" by (cases "(- ?N x e) / real c > l", auto)
       
  1519       with lx pxc have "False" by auto
       
  1520       hence ?case by simp }
       
  1521     ultimately show ?case by blast
       
  1522 next
       
  1523   case (6 c e) hence cp: "real c > 0" and nb: "numbound0 e" by simp +
       
  1524     from prems have "x * real c + ?N x e \<le> 0" by (simp add: algebra_simps)
       
  1525     hence pxc: "x \<le> (- ?N x e) / real c" 
       
  1526       by (simp only: pos_le_divide_eq[OF cp, where a="x" and b="-?N x e"])
       
  1527     from prems have noSc:"\<forall> t. l < t \<and> t < u \<longrightarrow> t \<noteq> (- ?N x e) / real c" by auto
       
  1528     with ly yu have yne: "y \<noteq> - ?N x e / real c" by auto
       
  1529     hence "y < (- ?N x e) / real c \<or> y > (-?N x e) / real c" by auto
       
  1530     moreover {assume y: "y < (-?N x e)/ real c"
       
  1531       hence "y * real c < - ?N x e"
       
  1532 	by (simp add: pos_less_divide_eq[OF cp, where a="y" and b="-?N x e", symmetric])
       
  1533       hence "real c * y + ?N x e < 0" by (simp add: algebra_simps)
       
  1534       hence ?case using numbound0_I[OF nb, where bs="bs" and b="x" and b'="y"] by simp}
       
  1535     moreover {assume y: "y > (- ?N x e) / real c" 
       
  1536       with yu have eu: "u > (- ?N x e) / real c" by auto
       
  1537       with noSc ly yu have "(- ?N x e) / real c \<le> l" by (cases "(- ?N x e) / real c > l", auto)
       
  1538       with lx pxc have "False" by auto
       
  1539       hence ?case by simp }
       
  1540     ultimately show ?case by blast
       
  1541 next
       
  1542   case (7 c e) hence cp: "real c > 0" and nb: "numbound0 e" by simp+
       
  1543     from prems have "x * real c + ?N x e > 0" by (simp add: algebra_simps)
       
  1544     hence pxc: "x > (- ?N x e) / real c" 
       
  1545       by (simp only: pos_divide_less_eq[OF cp, where a="x" and b="-?N x e"])
       
  1546     from prems have noSc:"\<forall> t. l < t \<and> t < u \<longrightarrow> t \<noteq> (- ?N x e) / real c" by auto
       
  1547     with ly yu have yne: "y \<noteq> - ?N x e / real c" by auto
       
  1548     hence "y < (- ?N x e) / real c \<or> y > (-?N x e) / real c" by auto
       
  1549     moreover {assume y: "y > (-?N x e)/ real c"
       
  1550       hence "y * real c > - ?N x e"
       
  1551 	by (simp add: pos_divide_less_eq[OF cp, where a="y" and b="-?N x e", symmetric])
       
  1552       hence "real c * y + ?N x e > 0" by (simp add: algebra_simps)
       
  1553       hence ?case using numbound0_I[OF nb, where bs="bs" and b="x" and b'="y"] by simp}
       
  1554     moreover {assume y: "y < (- ?N x e) / real c" 
       
  1555       with ly have eu: "l < (- ?N x e) / real c" by auto
       
  1556       with noSc ly yu have "(- ?N x e) / real c \<ge> u" by (cases "(- ?N x e) / real c > l", auto)
       
  1557       with xu pxc have "False" by auto
       
  1558       hence ?case by simp }
       
  1559     ultimately show ?case by blast
       
  1560 next
       
  1561   case (8 c e) hence cp: "real c > 0" and nb: "numbound0 e" by simp+
       
  1562     from prems have "x * real c + ?N x e \<ge> 0" by (simp add: algebra_simps)
       
  1563     hence pxc: "x \<ge> (- ?N x e) / real c" 
       
  1564       by (simp only: pos_divide_le_eq[OF cp, where a="x" and b="-?N x e"])
       
  1565     from prems have noSc:"\<forall> t. l < t \<and> t < u \<longrightarrow> t \<noteq> (- ?N x e) / real c" by auto
       
  1566     with ly yu have yne: "y \<noteq> - ?N x e / real c" by auto
       
  1567     hence "y < (- ?N x e) / real c \<or> y > (-?N x e) / real c" by auto
       
  1568     moreover {assume y: "y > (-?N x e)/ real c"
       
  1569       hence "y * real c > - ?N x e"
       
  1570 	by (simp add: pos_divide_less_eq[OF cp, where a="y" and b="-?N x e", symmetric])
       
  1571       hence "real c * y + ?N x e > 0" by (simp add: algebra_simps)
       
  1572       hence ?case using numbound0_I[OF nb, where bs="bs" and b="x" and b'="y"] by simp}
       
  1573     moreover {assume y: "y < (- ?N x e) / real c" 
       
  1574       with ly have eu: "l < (- ?N x e) / real c" by auto
       
  1575       with noSc ly yu have "(- ?N x e) / real c \<ge> u" by (cases "(- ?N x e) / real c > l", auto)
       
  1576       with xu pxc have "False" by auto
       
  1577       hence ?case by simp }
       
  1578     ultimately show ?case by blast
       
  1579 next
       
  1580   case (3 c e) hence cp: "real c > 0" and nb: "numbound0 e" by simp+
       
  1581     from cp have cnz: "real c \<noteq> 0" by simp
       
  1582     from prems have "x * real c + ?N x e = 0" by (simp add: algebra_simps)
       
  1583     hence pxc: "x = (- ?N x e) / real c" 
       
  1584       by (simp only: nonzero_eq_divide_eq[OF cnz, where a="x" and b="-?N x e"])
       
  1585     from prems have noSc:"\<forall> t. l < t \<and> t < u \<longrightarrow> t \<noteq> (- ?N x e) / real c" by auto
       
  1586     with lx xu have yne: "x \<noteq> - ?N x e / real c" by auto
       
  1587     with pxc show ?case by simp
       
  1588 next
       
  1589   case (4 c e) hence cp: "real c > 0" and nb: "numbound0 e" by simp+
       
  1590     from cp have cnz: "real c \<noteq> 0" by simp
       
  1591     from prems have noSc:"\<forall> t. l < t \<and> t < u \<longrightarrow> t \<noteq> (- ?N x e) / real c" by auto
       
  1592     with ly yu have yne: "y \<noteq> - ?N x e / real c" by auto
       
  1593     hence "y* real c \<noteq> -?N x e"      
       
  1594       by (simp only: nonzero_eq_divide_eq[OF cnz, where a="y" and b="-?N x e"]) simp
       
  1595     hence "y* real c + ?N x e \<noteq> 0" by (simp add: algebra_simps)
       
  1596     thus ?case using numbound0_I[OF nb, where bs="bs" and b="x" and b'="y"] 
       
  1597       by (simp add: algebra_simps)
       
  1598 qed (auto simp add: nth_pos2 numbound0_I[where bs="bs" and b="y" and b'="x"])
       
  1599 
       
  1600 lemma finite_set_intervals:
       
  1601   assumes px: "P (x::real)" 
       
  1602   and lx: "l \<le> x" and xu: "x \<le> u"
       
  1603   and linS: "l\<in> S" and uinS: "u \<in> S"
       
  1604   and fS:"finite S" and lS: "\<forall> x\<in> S. l \<le> x" and Su: "\<forall> x\<in> S. x \<le> u"
       
  1605   shows "\<exists> a \<in> S. \<exists> b \<in> S. (\<forall> y. a < y \<and> y < b \<longrightarrow> y \<notin> S) \<and> a \<le> x \<and> x \<le> b \<and> P x"
       
  1606 proof-
       
  1607   let ?Mx = "{y. y\<in> S \<and> y \<le> x}"
       
  1608   let ?xM = "{y. y\<in> S \<and> x \<le> y}"
       
  1609   let ?a = "Max ?Mx"
       
  1610   let ?b = "Min ?xM"
       
  1611   have MxS: "?Mx \<subseteq> S" by blast
       
  1612   hence fMx: "finite ?Mx" using fS finite_subset by auto
       
  1613   from lx linS have linMx: "l \<in> ?Mx" by blast
       
  1614   hence Mxne: "?Mx \<noteq> {}" by blast
       
  1615   have xMS: "?xM \<subseteq> S" by blast
       
  1616   hence fxM: "finite ?xM" using fS finite_subset by auto
       
  1617   from xu uinS have linxM: "u \<in> ?xM" by blast
       
  1618   hence xMne: "?xM \<noteq> {}" by blast
       
  1619   have ax:"?a \<le> x" using Mxne fMx by auto
       
  1620   have xb:"x \<le> ?b" using xMne fxM by auto
       
  1621   have "?a \<in> ?Mx" using Max_in[OF fMx Mxne] by simp hence ainS: "?a \<in> S" using MxS by blast
       
  1622   have "?b \<in> ?xM" using Min_in[OF fxM xMne] by simp hence binS: "?b \<in> S" using xMS by blast
       
  1623   have noy:"\<forall> y. ?a < y \<and> y < ?b \<longrightarrow> y \<notin> S"
       
  1624   proof(clarsimp)
       
  1625     fix y
       
  1626     assume ay: "?a < y" and yb: "y < ?b" and yS: "y \<in> S"
       
  1627     from yS have "y\<in> ?Mx \<or> y\<in> ?xM" by auto
       
  1628     moreover {assume "y \<in> ?Mx" hence "y \<le> ?a" using Mxne fMx by auto with ay have "False" by simp}
       
  1629     moreover {assume "y \<in> ?xM" hence "y \<ge> ?b" using xMne fxM by auto with yb have "False" by simp}
       
  1630     ultimately show "False" by blast
       
  1631   qed
       
  1632   from ainS binS noy ax xb px show ?thesis by blast
       
  1633 qed
       
  1634 
       
  1635 lemma finite_set_intervals2:
       
  1636   assumes px: "P (x::real)" 
       
  1637   and lx: "l \<le> x" and xu: "x \<le> u"
       
  1638   and linS: "l\<in> S" and uinS: "u \<in> S"
       
  1639   and fS:"finite S" and lS: "\<forall> x\<in> S. l \<le> x" and Su: "\<forall> x\<in> S. x \<le> u"
       
  1640   shows "(\<exists> s\<in> S. P s) \<or> (\<exists> a \<in> S. \<exists> b \<in> S. (\<forall> y. a < y \<and> y < b \<longrightarrow> y \<notin> S) \<and> a < x \<and> x < b \<and> P x)"
       
  1641 proof-
       
  1642   from finite_set_intervals[where P="P", OF px lx xu linS uinS fS lS Su]
       
  1643   obtain a and b where 
       
  1644     as: "a\<in> S" and bs: "b\<in> S" and noS:"\<forall>y. a < y \<and> y < b \<longrightarrow> y \<notin> S" and axb: "a \<le> x \<and> x \<le> b \<and> P x"  by auto
       
  1645   from axb have "x= a \<or> x= b \<or> (a < x \<and> x < b)" by auto
       
  1646   thus ?thesis using px as bs noS by blast 
       
  1647 qed
       
  1648 
       
  1649 lemma rinf_uset:
       
  1650   assumes lp: "isrlfm p"
       
  1651   and nmi: "\<not> (Ifm (x#bs) (minusinf p))" (is "\<not> (Ifm (x#bs) (?M p))")
       
  1652   and npi: "\<not> (Ifm (x#bs) (plusinf p))" (is "\<not> (Ifm (x#bs) (?P p))")
       
  1653   and ex: "\<exists> x.  Ifm (x#bs) p" (is "\<exists> x. ?I x p")
       
  1654   shows "\<exists> (l,n) \<in> set (uset p). \<exists> (s,m) \<in> set (uset p). ?I ((Inum (x#bs) l / real n + Inum (x#bs) s / real m) / 2) p" 
       
  1655 proof-
       
  1656   let ?N = "\<lambda> x t. Inum (x#bs) t"
       
  1657   let ?U = "set (uset p)"
       
  1658   from ex obtain a where pa: "?I a p" by blast
       
  1659   from bound0_I[OF rminusinf_bound0[OF lp], where bs="bs" and b="x" and b'="a"] nmi
       
  1660   have nmi': "\<not> (?I a (?M p))" by simp
       
  1661   from bound0_I[OF rplusinf_bound0[OF lp], where bs="bs" and b="x" and b'="a"] npi
       
  1662   have npi': "\<not> (?I a (?P p))" by simp
       
  1663   have "\<exists> (l,n) \<in> set (uset p). \<exists> (s,m) \<in> set (uset p). ?I ((?N a l/real n + ?N a s /real m) / 2) p"
       
  1664   proof-
       
  1665     let ?M = "(\<lambda> (t,c). ?N a t / real c) ` ?U"
       
  1666     have fM: "finite ?M" by auto
       
  1667     from rminusinf_uset[OF lp nmi pa] rplusinf_uset[OF lp npi pa] 
       
  1668     have "\<exists> (l,n) \<in> set (uset p). \<exists> (s,m) \<in> set (uset p). a \<le> ?N x l / real n \<and> a \<ge> ?N x s / real m" by blast
       
  1669     then obtain "t" "n" "s" "m" where 
       
  1670       tnU: "(t,n) \<in> ?U" and smU: "(s,m) \<in> ?U" 
       
  1671       and xs1: "a \<le> ?N x s / real m" and tx1: "a \<ge> ?N x t / real n" by blast
       
  1672     from uset_l[OF lp] tnU smU numbound0_I[where bs="bs" and b="x" and b'="a"] xs1 tx1 have xs: "a \<le> ?N a s / real m" and tx: "a \<ge> ?N a t / real n" by auto
       
  1673     from tnU have Mne: "?M \<noteq> {}" by auto
       
  1674     hence Une: "?U \<noteq> {}" by simp
       
  1675     let ?l = "Min ?M"
       
  1676     let ?u = "Max ?M"
       
  1677     have linM: "?l \<in> ?M" using fM Mne by simp
       
  1678     have uinM: "?u \<in> ?M" using fM Mne by simp
       
  1679     have tnM: "?N a t / real n \<in> ?M" using tnU by auto
       
  1680     have smM: "?N a s / real m \<in> ?M" using smU by auto 
       
  1681     have lM: "\<forall> t\<in> ?M. ?l \<le> t" using Mne fM by auto
       
  1682     have Mu: "\<forall> t\<in> ?M. t \<le> ?u" using Mne fM by auto
       
  1683     have "?l \<le> ?N a t / real n" using tnM Mne by simp hence lx: "?l \<le> a" using tx by simp
       
  1684     have "?N a s / real m \<le> ?u" using smM Mne by simp hence xu: "a \<le> ?u" using xs by simp
       
  1685     from finite_set_intervals2[where P="\<lambda> x. ?I x p",OF pa lx xu linM uinM fM lM Mu]
       
  1686     have "(\<exists> s\<in> ?M. ?I s p) \<or> 
       
  1687       (\<exists> t1\<in> ?M. \<exists> t2 \<in> ?M. (\<forall> y. t1 < y \<and> y < t2 \<longrightarrow> y \<notin> ?M) \<and> t1 < a \<and> a < t2 \<and> ?I a p)" .
       
  1688     moreover { fix u assume um: "u\<in> ?M" and pu: "?I u p"
       
  1689       hence "\<exists> (tu,nu) \<in> ?U. u = ?N a tu / real nu" by auto
       
  1690       then obtain "tu" "nu" where tuU: "(tu,nu) \<in> ?U" and tuu:"u= ?N a tu / real nu" by blast
       
  1691       have "(u + u) / 2 = u" by auto with pu tuu 
       
  1692       have "?I (((?N a tu / real nu) + (?N a tu / real nu)) / 2) p" by simp
       
  1693       with tuU have ?thesis by blast}
       
  1694     moreover{
       
  1695       assume "\<exists> t1\<in> ?M. \<exists> t2 \<in> ?M. (\<forall> y. t1 < y \<and> y < t2 \<longrightarrow> y \<notin> ?M) \<and> t1 < a \<and> a < t2 \<and> ?I a p"
       
  1696       then obtain t1 and t2 where t1M: "t1 \<in> ?M" and t2M: "t2\<in> ?M" 
       
  1697 	and noM: "\<forall> y. t1 < y \<and> y < t2 \<longrightarrow> y \<notin> ?M" and t1x: "t1 < a" and xt2: "a < t2" and px: "?I a p"
       
  1698 	by blast
       
  1699       from t1M have "\<exists> (t1u,t1n) \<in> ?U. t1 = ?N a t1u / real t1n" by auto
       
  1700       then obtain "t1u" "t1n" where t1uU: "(t1u,t1n) \<in> ?U" and t1u: "t1 = ?N a t1u / real t1n" by blast
       
  1701       from t2M have "\<exists> (t2u,t2n) \<in> ?U. t2 = ?N a t2u / real t2n" by auto
       
  1702       then obtain "t2u" "t2n" where t2uU: "(t2u,t2n) \<in> ?U" and t2u: "t2 = ?N a t2u / real t2n" by blast
       
  1703       from t1x xt2 have t1t2: "t1 < t2" by simp
       
  1704       let ?u = "(t1 + t2) / 2"
       
  1705       from less_half_sum[OF t1t2] gt_half_sum[OF t1t2] have t1lu: "t1 < ?u" and ut2: "?u < t2" by auto
       
  1706       from lin_dense[OF lp noM t1x xt2 px t1lu ut2] have "?I ?u p" .
       
  1707       with t1uU t2uU t1u t2u have ?thesis by blast}
       
  1708     ultimately show ?thesis by blast
       
  1709   qed
       
  1710   then obtain "l" "n" "s"  "m" where lnU: "(l,n) \<in> ?U" and smU:"(s,m) \<in> ?U" 
       
  1711     and pu: "?I ((?N a l / real n + ?N a s / real m) / 2) p" by blast
       
  1712   from lnU smU uset_l[OF lp] have nbl: "numbound0 l" and nbs: "numbound0 s" by auto
       
  1713   from numbound0_I[OF nbl, where bs="bs" and b="a" and b'="x"] 
       
  1714     numbound0_I[OF nbs, where bs="bs" and b="a" and b'="x"] pu
       
  1715   have "?I ((?N x l / real n + ?N x s / real m) / 2) p" by simp
       
  1716   with lnU smU
       
  1717   show ?thesis by auto
       
  1718 qed
       
  1719     (* The Ferrante - Rackoff Theorem *)
       
  1720 
       
  1721 theorem fr_eq: 
       
  1722   assumes lp: "isrlfm p"
       
  1723   shows "(\<exists> x. Ifm (x#bs) p) = ((Ifm (x#bs) (minusinf p)) \<or> (Ifm (x#bs) (plusinf p)) \<or> (\<exists> (t,n) \<in> set (uset p). \<exists> (s,m) \<in> set (uset p). Ifm ((((Inum (x#bs) t)/  real n + (Inum (x#bs) s) / real m) /2)#bs) p))"
       
  1724   (is "(\<exists> x. ?I x p) = (?M \<or> ?P \<or> ?F)" is "?E = ?D")
       
  1725 proof
       
  1726   assume px: "\<exists> x. ?I x p"
       
  1727   have "?M \<or> ?P \<or> (\<not> ?M \<and> \<not> ?P)" by blast
       
  1728   moreover {assume "?M \<or> ?P" hence "?D" by blast}
       
  1729   moreover {assume nmi: "\<not> ?M" and npi: "\<not> ?P"
       
  1730     from rinf_uset[OF lp nmi npi] have "?F" using px by blast hence "?D" by blast}
       
  1731   ultimately show "?D" by blast
       
  1732 next
       
  1733   assume "?D" 
       
  1734   moreover {assume m:"?M" from rminusinf_ex[OF lp m] have "?E" .}
       
  1735   moreover {assume p: "?P" from rplusinf_ex[OF lp p] have "?E" . }
       
  1736   moreover {assume f:"?F" hence "?E" by blast}
       
  1737   ultimately show "?E" by blast
       
  1738 qed
       
  1739 
       
  1740 
       
  1741 lemma fr_equsubst: 
       
  1742   assumes lp: "isrlfm p"
       
  1743   shows "(\<exists> x. Ifm (x#bs) p) = ((Ifm (x#bs) (minusinf p)) \<or> (Ifm (x#bs) (plusinf p)) \<or> (\<exists> (t,k) \<in> set (uset p). \<exists> (s,l) \<in> set (uset p). Ifm (x#bs) (usubst p (Add(Mul l t) (Mul k s) , 2*k*l))))"
       
  1744   (is "(\<exists> x. ?I x p) = (?M \<or> ?P \<or> ?F)" is "?E = ?D")
       
  1745 proof
       
  1746   assume px: "\<exists> x. ?I x p"
       
  1747   have "?M \<or> ?P \<or> (\<not> ?M \<and> \<not> ?P)" by blast
       
  1748   moreover {assume "?M \<or> ?P" hence "?D" by blast}
       
  1749   moreover {assume nmi: "\<not> ?M" and npi: "\<not> ?P"
       
  1750     let ?f ="\<lambda> (t,n). Inum (x#bs) t / real n"
       
  1751     let ?N = "\<lambda> t. Inum (x#bs) t"
       
  1752     {fix t n s m assume "(t,n)\<in> set (uset p)" and "(s,m) \<in> set (uset p)"
       
  1753       with uset_l[OF lp] have tnb: "numbound0 t" and np:"real n > 0" and snb: "numbound0 s" and mp:"real m > 0"
       
  1754 	by auto
       
  1755       let ?st = "Add (Mul m t) (Mul n s)"
       
  1756       from mult_pos_pos[OF np mp] have mnp: "real (2*n*m) > 0" 
       
  1757 	by (simp add: mult_commute)
       
  1758       from tnb snb have st_nb: "numbound0 ?st" by simp
       
  1759       have st: "(?N t / real n + ?N s / real m)/2 = ?N ?st / real (2*n*m)"
       
  1760 	using mnp mp np by (simp add: algebra_simps add_divide_distrib)
       
  1761       from usubst_I[OF lp mnp st_nb, where x="x" and bs="bs"] 
       
  1762       have "?I x (usubst p (?st,2*n*m)) = ?I ((?N t / real n + ?N s / real m) /2) p" by (simp only: st[symmetric])}
       
  1763     with rinf_uset[OF lp nmi npi px] have "?F" by blast hence "?D" by blast}
       
  1764   ultimately show "?D" by blast
       
  1765 next
       
  1766   assume "?D" 
       
  1767   moreover {assume m:"?M" from rminusinf_ex[OF lp m] have "?E" .}
       
  1768   moreover {assume p: "?P" from rplusinf_ex[OF lp p] have "?E" . }
       
  1769   moreover {fix t k s l assume "(t,k) \<in> set (uset p)" and "(s,l) \<in> set (uset p)" 
       
  1770     and px:"?I x (usubst p (Add (Mul l t) (Mul k s), 2*k*l))"
       
  1771     with uset_l[OF lp] have tnb: "numbound0 t" and np:"real k > 0" and snb: "numbound0 s" and mp:"real l > 0" by auto
       
  1772     let ?st = "Add (Mul l t) (Mul k s)"
       
  1773     from mult_pos_pos[OF np mp] have mnp: "real (2*k*l) > 0" 
       
  1774       by (simp add: mult_commute)
       
  1775     from tnb snb have st_nb: "numbound0 ?st" by simp
       
  1776     from usubst_I[OF lp mnp st_nb, where bs="bs"] px have "?E" by auto}
       
  1777   ultimately show "?E" by blast
       
  1778 qed
       
  1779 
       
  1780 
       
  1781     (* Implement the right hand side of Ferrante and Rackoff's Theorem. *)
       
  1782 constdefs ferrack:: "fm \<Rightarrow> fm"
       
  1783   "ferrack p \<equiv> (let p' = rlfm (simpfm p); mp = minusinf p'; pp = plusinf p'
       
  1784                 in if (mp = T \<or> pp = T) then T else 
       
  1785                    (let U = remdps(map simp_num_pair 
       
  1786                      (map (\<lambda> ((t,n),(s,m)). (Add (Mul m t) (Mul n s) , 2*n*m))
       
  1787                            (alluopairs (uset p')))) 
       
  1788                     in decr (disj mp (disj pp (evaldjf (simpfm o (usubst p')) U)))))"
       
  1789 
       
  1790 lemma uset_cong_aux:
       
  1791   assumes Ul: "\<forall> (t,n) \<in> set U. numbound0 t \<and> n >0"
       
  1792   shows "((\<lambda> (t,n). Inum (x#bs) t /real n) ` (set (map (\<lambda> ((t,n),(s,m)). (Add (Mul m t) (Mul n s) , 2*n*m)) (alluopairs U)))) = ((\<lambda> ((t,n),(s,m)). (Inum (x#bs) t /real n + Inum (x#bs) s /real m)/2) ` (set U \<times> set U))"
       
  1793   (is "?lhs = ?rhs")
       
  1794 proof(auto)
       
  1795   fix t n s m
       
  1796   assume "((t,n),(s,m)) \<in> set (alluopairs U)"
       
  1797   hence th: "((t,n),(s,m)) \<in> (set U \<times> set U)"
       
  1798     using alluopairs_set1[where xs="U"] by blast
       
  1799   let ?N = "\<lambda> t. Inum (x#bs) t"
       
  1800   let ?st= "Add (Mul m t) (Mul n s)"
       
  1801   from Ul th have mnz: "m \<noteq> 0" by auto
       
  1802   from Ul th have  nnz: "n \<noteq> 0" by auto  
       
  1803   have st: "(?N t / real n + ?N s / real m)/2 = ?N ?st / real (2*n*m)"
       
  1804    using mnz nnz by (simp add: algebra_simps add_divide_distrib)
       
  1805  
       
  1806   thus "(real m *  Inum (x # bs) t + real n * Inum (x # bs) s) /
       
  1807        (2 * real n * real m)
       
  1808        \<in> (\<lambda>((t, n), s, m).
       
  1809              (Inum (x # bs) t / real n + Inum (x # bs) s / real m) / 2) `
       
  1810          (set U \<times> set U)"using mnz nnz th  
       
  1811     apply (auto simp add: th add_divide_distrib algebra_simps split_def image_def)
       
  1812     by (rule_tac x="(s,m)" in bexI,simp_all) 
       
  1813   (rule_tac x="(t,n)" in bexI,simp_all)
       
  1814 next
       
  1815   fix t n s m
       
  1816   assume tnU: "(t,n) \<in> set U" and smU:"(s,m) \<in> set U" 
       
  1817   let ?N = "\<lambda> t. Inum (x#bs) t"
       
  1818   let ?st= "Add (Mul m t) (Mul n s)"
       
  1819   from Ul smU have mnz: "m \<noteq> 0" by auto
       
  1820   from Ul tnU have  nnz: "n \<noteq> 0" by auto  
       
  1821   have st: "(?N t / real n + ?N s / real m)/2 = ?N ?st / real (2*n*m)"
       
  1822    using mnz nnz by (simp add: algebra_simps add_divide_distrib)
       
  1823  let ?P = "\<lambda> (t',n') (s',m'). (Inum (x # bs) t / real n + Inum (x # bs) s / real m)/2 = (Inum (x # bs) t' / real n' + Inum (x # bs) s' / real m')/2"
       
  1824  have Pc:"\<forall> a b. ?P a b = ?P b a"
       
  1825    by auto
       
  1826  from Ul alluopairs_set1 have Up:"\<forall> ((t,n),(s,m)) \<in> set (alluopairs U). n \<noteq> 0 \<and> m \<noteq> 0" by blast
       
  1827  from alluopairs_ex[OF Pc, where xs="U"] tnU smU
       
  1828  have th':"\<exists> ((t',n'),(s',m')) \<in> set (alluopairs U). ?P (t',n') (s',m')"
       
  1829    by blast
       
  1830  then obtain t' n' s' m' where ts'_U: "((t',n'),(s',m')) \<in> set (alluopairs U)" 
       
  1831    and Pts': "?P (t',n') (s',m')" by blast
       
  1832  from ts'_U Up have mnz': "m' \<noteq> 0" and nnz': "n'\<noteq> 0" by auto
       
  1833  let ?st' = "Add (Mul m' t') (Mul n' s')"
       
  1834    have st': "(?N t' / real n' + ?N s' / real m')/2 = ?N ?st' / real (2*n'*m')"
       
  1835    using mnz' nnz' by (simp add: algebra_simps add_divide_distrib)
       
  1836  from Pts' have 
       
  1837    "(Inum (x # bs) t / real n + Inum (x # bs) s / real m)/2 = (Inum (x # bs) t' / real n' + Inum (x # bs) s' / real m')/2" by simp
       
  1838  also have "\<dots> = ((\<lambda>(t, n). Inum (x # bs) t / real n) ((\<lambda>((t, n), s, m). (Add (Mul m t) (Mul n s), 2 * n * m)) ((t',n'),(s',m'))))" by (simp add: st')
       
  1839  finally show "(Inum (x # bs) t / real n + Inum (x # bs) s / real m) / 2
       
  1840           \<in> (\<lambda>(t, n). Inum (x # bs) t / real n) `
       
  1841             (\<lambda>((t, n), s, m). (Add (Mul m t) (Mul n s), 2 * n * m)) `
       
  1842             set (alluopairs U)"
       
  1843    using ts'_U by blast
       
  1844 qed
       
  1845 
       
  1846 lemma uset_cong:
       
  1847   assumes lp: "isrlfm p"
       
  1848   and UU': "((\<lambda> (t,n). Inum (x#bs) t /real n) ` U') = ((\<lambda> ((t,n),(s,m)). (Inum (x#bs) t /real n + Inum (x#bs) s /real m)/2) ` (U \<times> U))" (is "?f ` U' = ?g ` (U\<times>U)")
       
  1849   and U: "\<forall> (t,n) \<in> U. numbound0 t \<and> n > 0"
       
  1850   and U': "\<forall> (t,n) \<in> U'. numbound0 t \<and> n > 0"
       
  1851   shows "(\<exists> (t,n) \<in> U. \<exists> (s,m) \<in> U. Ifm (x#bs) (usubst p (Add (Mul m t) (Mul n s),2*n*m))) = (\<exists> (t,n) \<in> U'. Ifm (x#bs) (usubst p (t,n)))"
       
  1852   (is "?lhs = ?rhs")
       
  1853 proof
       
  1854   assume ?lhs
       
  1855   then obtain t n s m where tnU: "(t,n) \<in> U" and smU:"(s,m) \<in> U" and 
       
  1856     Pst: "Ifm (x#bs) (usubst p (Add (Mul m t) (Mul n s),2*n*m))" by blast
       
  1857   let ?N = "\<lambda> t. Inum (x#bs) t"
       
  1858   from tnU smU U have tnb: "numbound0 t" and np: "n > 0" 
       
  1859     and snb: "numbound0 s" and mp:"m > 0"  by auto
       
  1860   let ?st= "Add (Mul m t) (Mul n s)"
       
  1861   from mult_pos_pos[OF np mp] have mnp: "real (2*n*m) > 0" 
       
  1862       by (simp add: mult_commute real_of_int_mult[symmetric] del: real_of_int_mult)
       
  1863     from tnb snb have stnb: "numbound0 ?st" by simp
       
  1864   have st: "(?N t / real n + ?N s / real m)/2 = ?N ?st / real (2*n*m)"
       
  1865    using mp np by (simp add: algebra_simps add_divide_distrib)
       
  1866   from tnU smU UU' have "?g ((t,n),(s,m)) \<in> ?f ` U'" by blast
       
  1867   hence "\<exists> (t',n') \<in> U'. ?g ((t,n),(s,m)) = ?f (t',n')"
       
  1868     by auto (rule_tac x="(a,b)" in bexI, auto)
       
  1869   then obtain t' n' where tnU': "(t',n') \<in> U'" and th: "?g ((t,n),(s,m)) = ?f (t',n')" by blast
       
  1870   from U' tnU' have tnb': "numbound0 t'" and np': "real n' > 0" by auto
       
  1871   from usubst_I[OF lp mnp stnb, where bs="bs" and x="x"] Pst 
       
  1872   have Pst2: "Ifm (Inum (x # bs) (Add (Mul m t) (Mul n s)) / real (2 * n * m) # bs) p" by simp
       
  1873   from conjunct1[OF usubst_I[OF lp np' tnb', where bs="bs" and x="x"], symmetric] th[simplified split_def fst_conv snd_conv,symmetric] Pst2[simplified st[symmetric]]
       
  1874   have "Ifm (x # bs) (usubst p (t', n')) " by (simp only: st) 
       
  1875   then show ?rhs using tnU' by auto 
       
  1876 next
       
  1877   assume ?rhs
       
  1878   then obtain t' n' where tnU': "(t',n') \<in> U'" and Pt': "Ifm (x # bs) (usubst p (t', n'))" 
       
  1879     by blast
       
  1880   from tnU' UU' have "?f (t',n') \<in> ?g ` (U\<times>U)" by blast
       
  1881   hence "\<exists> ((t,n),(s,m)) \<in> (U\<times>U). ?f (t',n') = ?g ((t,n),(s,m))" 
       
  1882     by auto (rule_tac x="(a,b)" in bexI, auto)
       
  1883   then obtain t n s m where tnU: "(t,n) \<in> U" and smU:"(s,m) \<in> U" and 
       
  1884     th: "?f (t',n') = ?g((t,n),(s,m)) "by blast
       
  1885     let ?N = "\<lambda> t. Inum (x#bs) t"
       
  1886   from tnU smU U have tnb: "numbound0 t" and np: "n > 0" 
       
  1887     and snb: "numbound0 s" and mp:"m > 0"  by auto
       
  1888   let ?st= "Add (Mul m t) (Mul n s)"
       
  1889   from mult_pos_pos[OF np mp] have mnp: "real (2*n*m) > 0" 
       
  1890       by (simp add: mult_commute real_of_int_mult[symmetric] del: real_of_int_mult)
       
  1891     from tnb snb have stnb: "numbound0 ?st" by simp
       
  1892   have st: "(?N t / real n + ?N s / real m)/2 = ?N ?st / real (2*n*m)"
       
  1893    using mp np by (simp add: algebra_simps add_divide_distrib)
       
  1894   from U' tnU' have tnb': "numbound0 t'" and np': "real n' > 0" by auto
       
  1895   from usubst_I[OF lp np' tnb', where bs="bs" and x="x",simplified th[simplified split_def fst_conv snd_conv] st] Pt'
       
  1896   have Pst2: "Ifm (Inum (x # bs) (Add (Mul m t) (Mul n s)) / real (2 * n * m) # bs) p" by simp
       
  1897   with usubst_I[OF lp mnp stnb, where x="x" and bs="bs"] tnU smU show ?lhs by blast
       
  1898 qed
       
  1899 
       
  1900 lemma ferrack: 
       
  1901   assumes qf: "qfree p"
       
  1902   shows "qfree (ferrack p) \<and> ((Ifm bs (ferrack p)) = (\<exists> x. Ifm (x#bs) p))"
       
  1903   (is "_ \<and> (?rhs = ?lhs)")
       
  1904 proof-
       
  1905   let ?I = "\<lambda> x p. Ifm (x#bs) p"
       
  1906   fix x
       
  1907   let ?N = "\<lambda> t. Inum (x#bs) t"
       
  1908   let ?q = "rlfm (simpfm p)" 
       
  1909   let ?U = "uset ?q"
       
  1910   let ?Up = "alluopairs ?U"
       
  1911   let ?g = "\<lambda> ((t,n),(s,m)). (Add (Mul m t) (Mul n s) , 2*n*m)"
       
  1912   let ?S = "map ?g ?Up"
       
  1913   let ?SS = "map simp_num_pair ?S"
       
  1914   let ?Y = "remdps ?SS"
       
  1915   let ?f= "(\<lambda> (t,n). ?N t / real n)"
       
  1916   let ?h = "\<lambda> ((t,n),(s,m)). (?N t/real n + ?N s/ real m) /2"
       
  1917   let ?F = "\<lambda> p. \<exists> a \<in> set (uset p). \<exists> b \<in> set (uset p). ?I x (usubst p (?g(a,b)))"
       
  1918   let ?ep = "evaldjf (simpfm o (usubst ?q)) ?Y"
       
  1919   from rlfm_I[OF simpfm_qf[OF qf]] have lq: "isrlfm ?q" by blast
       
  1920   from alluopairs_set1[where xs="?U"] have UpU: "set ?Up \<le> (set ?U \<times> set ?U)" by simp
       
  1921   from uset_l[OF lq] have U_l: "\<forall> (t,n) \<in> set ?U. numbound0 t \<and> n > 0" .
       
  1922   from U_l UpU 
       
  1923   have "\<forall> ((t,n),(s,m)) \<in> set ?Up. numbound0 t \<and> n> 0 \<and> numbound0 s \<and> m > 0" by auto
       
  1924   hence Snb: "\<forall> (t,n) \<in> set ?S. numbound0 t \<and> n > 0 "
       
  1925     by (auto simp add: mult_pos_pos)
       
  1926   have Y_l: "\<forall> (t,n) \<in> set ?Y. numbound0 t \<and> n > 0" 
       
  1927   proof-
       
  1928     { fix t n assume tnY: "(t,n) \<in> set ?Y" 
       
  1929       hence "(t,n) \<in> set ?SS" by simp
       
  1930       hence "\<exists> (t',n') \<in> set ?S. simp_num_pair (t',n') = (t,n)"
       
  1931 	by (auto simp add: split_def) (rule_tac x="((aa,ba),(ab,bb))" in bexI, simp_all)
       
  1932       then obtain t' n' where tn'S: "(t',n') \<in> set ?S" and tns: "simp_num_pair (t',n') = (t,n)" by blast
       
  1933       from tn'S Snb have tnb: "numbound0 t'" and np: "n' > 0" by auto
       
  1934       from simp_num_pair_l[OF tnb np tns]
       
  1935       have "numbound0 t \<and> n > 0" . }
       
  1936     thus ?thesis by blast
       
  1937   qed
       
  1938 
       
  1939   have YU: "(?f ` set ?Y) = (?h ` (set ?U \<times> set ?U))"
       
  1940   proof-
       
  1941      from simp_num_pair_ci[where bs="x#bs"] have 
       
  1942     "\<forall>x. (?f o simp_num_pair) x = ?f x" by auto
       
  1943      hence th: "?f o simp_num_pair = ?f" using ext by blast
       
  1944     have "(?f ` set ?Y) = ((?f o simp_num_pair) ` set ?S)" by (simp add: image_compose)
       
  1945     also have "\<dots> = (?f ` set ?S)" by (simp add: th)
       
  1946     also have "\<dots> = ((?f o ?g) ` set ?Up)" 
       
  1947       by (simp only: set_map o_def image_compose[symmetric])
       
  1948     also have "\<dots> = (?h ` (set ?U \<times> set ?U))"
       
  1949       using uset_cong_aux[OF U_l, where x="x" and bs="bs", simplified set_map image_compose[symmetric]] by blast
       
  1950     finally show ?thesis .
       
  1951   qed
       
  1952   have "\<forall> (t,n) \<in> set ?Y. bound0 (simpfm (usubst ?q (t,n)))"
       
  1953   proof-
       
  1954     { fix t n assume tnY: "(t,n) \<in> set ?Y"
       
  1955       with Y_l have tnb: "numbound0 t" and np: "real n > 0" by auto
       
  1956       from usubst_I[OF lq np tnb]
       
  1957     have "bound0 (usubst ?q (t,n))"  by simp hence "bound0 (simpfm (usubst ?q (t,n)))" 
       
  1958       using simpfm_bound0 by simp}
       
  1959     thus ?thesis by blast
       
  1960   qed
       
  1961   hence ep_nb: "bound0 ?ep"  using evaldjf_bound0[where xs="?Y" and f="simpfm o (usubst ?q)"] by auto
       
  1962   let ?mp = "minusinf ?q"
       
  1963   let ?pp = "plusinf ?q"
       
  1964   let ?M = "?I x ?mp"
       
  1965   let ?P = "?I x ?pp"
       
  1966   let ?res = "disj ?mp (disj ?pp ?ep)"
       
  1967   from rminusinf_bound0[OF lq] rplusinf_bound0[OF lq] ep_nb
       
  1968   have nbth: "bound0 ?res" by auto
       
  1969 
       
  1970   from conjunct1[OF rlfm_I[OF simpfm_qf[OF qf]]] simpfm  
       
  1971 
       
  1972   have th: "?lhs = (\<exists> x. ?I x ?q)" by auto 
       
  1973   from th fr_equsubst[OF lq, where bs="bs" and x="x"] have lhfr: "?lhs = (?M \<or> ?P \<or> ?F ?q)"
       
  1974     by (simp only: split_def fst_conv snd_conv)
       
  1975   also have "\<dots> = (?M \<or> ?P \<or> (\<exists> (t,n) \<in> set ?Y. ?I x (simpfm (usubst ?q (t,n)))))" 
       
  1976     using uset_cong[OF lq YU U_l Y_l]  by (simp only: split_def fst_conv snd_conv simpfm) 
       
  1977   also have "\<dots> = (Ifm (x#bs) ?res)"
       
  1978     using evaldjf_ex[where ps="?Y" and bs = "x#bs" and f="simpfm o (usubst ?q)",symmetric]
       
  1979     by (simp add: split_def pair_collapse)
       
  1980   finally have lheq: "?lhs =  (Ifm bs (decr ?res))" using decr[OF nbth] by blast
       
  1981   hence lr: "?lhs = ?rhs" apply (unfold ferrack_def Let_def)
       
  1982     by (cases "?mp = T \<or> ?pp = T", auto) (simp add: disj_def)+
       
  1983   from decr_qf[OF nbth] have "qfree (ferrack p)" by (auto simp add: Let_def ferrack_def)
       
  1984   with lr show ?thesis by blast
       
  1985 qed
       
  1986 
       
  1987 definition linrqe:: "fm \<Rightarrow> fm" where
       
  1988   "linrqe p = qelim (prep p) ferrack"
       
  1989 
       
  1990 theorem linrqe: "Ifm bs (linrqe p) = Ifm bs p \<and> qfree (linrqe p)"
       
  1991 using ferrack qelim_ci prep
       
  1992 unfolding linrqe_def by auto
       
  1993 
       
  1994 definition ferrack_test :: "unit \<Rightarrow> fm" where
       
  1995   "ferrack_test u = linrqe (A (A (Imp (Lt (Sub (Bound 1) (Bound 0)))
       
  1996     (E (Eq (Sub (Add (Bound 0) (Bound 2)) (Bound 1)))))))"
       
  1997 
       
  1998 ML {* @{code ferrack_test} () *}
       
  1999 
       
  2000 oracle linr_oracle = {*
       
  2001 let
       
  2002 
       
  2003 fun num_of_term vs (t as Free (xn, xT)) = (case AList.lookup (op =) vs t
       
  2004      of NONE => error "Variable not found in the list!"
       
  2005       | SOME n => @{code Bound} n)
       
  2006   | num_of_term vs @{term "real (0::int)"} = @{code C} 0
       
  2007   | num_of_term vs @{term "real (1::int)"} = @{code C} 1
       
  2008   | num_of_term vs @{term "0::real"} = @{code C} 0
       
  2009   | num_of_term vs @{term "1::real"} = @{code C} 1
       
  2010   | num_of_term vs (Bound i) = @{code Bound} i
       
  2011   | num_of_term vs (@{term "uminus :: real \<Rightarrow> real"} $ t') = @{code Neg} (num_of_term vs t')
       
  2012   | num_of_term vs (@{term "op + :: real \<Rightarrow> real \<Rightarrow> real"} $ t1 $ t2) = @{code Add} (num_of_term vs t1, num_of_term vs t2)
       
  2013   | num_of_term vs (@{term "op - :: real \<Rightarrow> real \<Rightarrow> real"} $ t1 $ t2) = @{code Sub} (num_of_term vs t1, num_of_term vs t2)
       
  2014   | num_of_term vs (@{term "op * :: real \<Rightarrow> real \<Rightarrow> real"} $ t1 $ t2) = (case (num_of_term vs t1)
       
  2015      of @{code C} i => @{code Mul} (i, num_of_term vs t2)
       
  2016       | _ => error "num_of_term: unsupported Multiplication")
       
  2017   | num_of_term vs (@{term "real :: int \<Rightarrow> real"} $ (@{term "number_of :: int \<Rightarrow> int"} $ t')) = @{code C} (HOLogic.dest_numeral t')
       
  2018   | num_of_term vs (@{term "number_of :: int \<Rightarrow> real"} $ t') = @{code C} (HOLogic.dest_numeral t')
       
  2019   | num_of_term vs t = error ("num_of_term: unknown term " ^ Syntax.string_of_term @{context} t);
       
  2020 
       
  2021 fun fm_of_term vs @{term True} = @{code T}
       
  2022   | fm_of_term vs @{term False} = @{code F}
       
  2023   | fm_of_term vs (@{term "op < :: real \<Rightarrow> real \<Rightarrow> bool"} $ t1 $ t2) = @{code Lt} (@{code Sub} (num_of_term vs t1, num_of_term vs t2))
       
  2024   | fm_of_term vs (@{term "op \<le> :: real \<Rightarrow> real \<Rightarrow> bool"} $ t1 $ t2) = @{code Le} (@{code Sub} (num_of_term vs t1, num_of_term vs t2))
       
  2025   | fm_of_term vs (@{term "op = :: real \<Rightarrow> real \<Rightarrow> bool"} $ t1 $ t2) = @{code Eq} (@{code Sub} (num_of_term vs t1, num_of_term vs t2)) 
       
  2026   | fm_of_term vs (@{term "op \<longleftrightarrow> :: bool \<Rightarrow> bool \<Rightarrow> bool"} $ t1 $ t2) = @{code Iff} (fm_of_term vs t1, fm_of_term vs t2)
       
  2027   | fm_of_term vs (@{term "op &"} $ t1 $ t2) = @{code And} (fm_of_term vs t1, fm_of_term vs t2)
       
  2028   | fm_of_term vs (@{term "op |"} $ t1 $ t2) = @{code Or} (fm_of_term vs t1, fm_of_term vs t2)
       
  2029   | fm_of_term vs (@{term "op -->"} $ t1 $ t2) = @{code Imp} (fm_of_term vs t1, fm_of_term vs t2)
       
  2030   | fm_of_term vs (@{term "Not"} $ t') = @{code NOT} (fm_of_term vs t')
       
  2031   | fm_of_term vs (Const ("Ex", _) $ Abs (xn, xT, p)) =
       
  2032       @{code E} (fm_of_term (map (fn (v, n) => (v, n + 1)) vs) p)
       
  2033   | fm_of_term vs (Const ("All", _) $ Abs (xn, xT, p)) =
       
  2034       @{code A} (fm_of_term (map (fn (v, n) => (v, n + 1)) vs) p)
       
  2035   | fm_of_term vs t = error ("fm_of_term : unknown term " ^ Syntax.string_of_term @{context} t);
       
  2036 
       
  2037 fun term_of_num vs (@{code C} i) = @{term "real :: int \<Rightarrow> real"} $ HOLogic.mk_number HOLogic.intT i
       
  2038   | term_of_num vs (@{code Bound} n) = fst (the (find_first (fn (_, m) => n = m) vs))
       
  2039   | term_of_num vs (@{code Neg} t') = @{term "uminus :: real \<Rightarrow> real"} $ term_of_num vs t'
       
  2040   | term_of_num vs (@{code Add} (t1, t2)) = @{term "op + :: real \<Rightarrow> real \<Rightarrow> real"} $
       
  2041       term_of_num vs t1 $ term_of_num vs t2
       
  2042   | term_of_num vs (@{code Sub} (t1, t2)) = @{term "op - :: real \<Rightarrow> real \<Rightarrow> real"} $
       
  2043       term_of_num vs t1 $ term_of_num vs t2
       
  2044   | term_of_num vs (@{code Mul} (i, t2)) = @{term "op * :: real \<Rightarrow> real \<Rightarrow> real"} $
       
  2045       term_of_num vs (@{code C} i) $ term_of_num vs t2
       
  2046   | term_of_num vs (@{code CN} (n, i, t)) = term_of_num vs (@{code Add} (@{code Mul} (i, @{code Bound} n), t));
       
  2047 
       
  2048 fun term_of_fm vs @{code T} = HOLogic.true_const 
       
  2049   | term_of_fm vs @{code F} = HOLogic.false_const
       
  2050   | term_of_fm vs (@{code Lt} t) = @{term "op < :: real \<Rightarrow> real \<Rightarrow> bool"} $
       
  2051       term_of_num vs t $ @{term "0::real"}
       
  2052   | term_of_fm vs (@{code Le} t) = @{term "op \<le> :: real \<Rightarrow> real \<Rightarrow> bool"} $
       
  2053       term_of_num vs t $ @{term "0::real"}
       
  2054   | term_of_fm vs (@{code Gt} t) = @{term "op < :: real \<Rightarrow> real \<Rightarrow> bool"} $
       
  2055       @{term "0::real"} $ term_of_num vs t
       
  2056   | term_of_fm vs (@{code Ge} t) = @{term "op \<le> :: real \<Rightarrow> real \<Rightarrow> bool"} $
       
  2057       @{term "0::real"} $ term_of_num vs t
       
  2058   | term_of_fm vs (@{code Eq} t) = @{term "op = :: real \<Rightarrow> real \<Rightarrow> bool"} $
       
  2059       term_of_num vs t $ @{term "0::real"}
       
  2060   | term_of_fm vs (@{code NEq} t) = term_of_fm vs (@{code NOT} (@{code Eq} t))
       
  2061   | term_of_fm vs (@{code NOT} t') = HOLogic.Not $ term_of_fm vs t'
       
  2062   | term_of_fm vs (@{code And} (t1, t2)) = HOLogic.conj $ term_of_fm vs t1 $ term_of_fm vs t2
       
  2063   | term_of_fm vs (@{code Or} (t1, t2)) = HOLogic.disj $ term_of_fm vs t1 $ term_of_fm vs t2
       
  2064   | term_of_fm vs (@{code Imp}  (t1, t2)) = HOLogic.imp $ term_of_fm vs t1 $ term_of_fm vs t2
       
  2065   | term_of_fm vs (@{code Iff} (t1, t2)) = @{term "op \<longleftrightarrow> :: bool \<Rightarrow> bool \<Rightarrow> bool"} $
       
  2066       term_of_fm vs t1 $ term_of_fm vs t2
       
  2067   | term_of_fm vs _ = error "If this is raised, Isabelle/HOL or generate_code is inconsistent.";
       
  2068 
       
  2069 in fn ct =>
       
  2070   let 
       
  2071     val thy = Thm.theory_of_cterm ct;
       
  2072     val t = Thm.term_of ct;
       
  2073     val fs = OldTerm.term_frees t;
       
  2074     val vs = fs ~~ (0 upto (length fs - 1));
       
  2075     val res = HOLogic.mk_Trueprop (HOLogic.mk_eq (t, term_of_fm vs (@{code linrqe} (fm_of_term vs t))));
       
  2076   in Thm.cterm_of thy res end
       
  2077 end;
       
  2078 *}
       
  2079 
       
  2080 use "ferrack_tac.ML"
       
  2081 setup Ferrack_Tac.setup
       
  2082 
       
  2083 lemma
       
  2084   fixes x :: real
       
  2085   shows "2 * x \<le> 2 * x \<and> 2 * x \<le> 2 * x + 1"
       
  2086 apply rferrack
       
  2087 done
       
  2088 
       
  2089 lemma
       
  2090   fixes x :: real
       
  2091   shows "\<exists>y \<le> x. x = y + 1"
       
  2092 apply rferrack
       
  2093 done
       
  2094 
       
  2095 lemma
       
  2096   fixes x :: real
       
  2097   shows "\<not> (\<exists>z. x + z = x + z + 1)"
       
  2098 apply rferrack
       
  2099 done
       
  2100 
       
  2101 end