src/HOLCF/Tools/Domain/domain_induction.ML
changeset 40040 3adb92ee2f22
parent 40029 57e7f651fc70
child 40097 429cd74f795f
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/src/HOLCF/Tools/Domain/domain_induction.ML	Tue Oct 19 15:01:51 2010 -0700
@@ -0,0 +1,438 @@
+(*  Title:      HOLCF/Tools/Domain/domain_induction.ML
+    Author:     David von Oheimb
+    Author:     Brian Huffman
+
+Proofs of high-level (co)induction rules for domain command.
+*)
+
+signature DOMAIN_INDUCTION =
+sig
+  val comp_theorems :
+      binding -> binding list ->
+      Domain_Take_Proofs.take_induct_info ->
+      Domain_Constructors.constr_info list ->
+      theory -> thm list * theory
+
+  val quiet_mode: bool Unsynchronized.ref;
+  val trace_domain: bool Unsynchronized.ref;
+end;
+
+structure Domain_Induction :> DOMAIN_INDUCTION =
+struct
+
+val quiet_mode = Unsynchronized.ref false;
+val trace_domain = Unsynchronized.ref false;
+
+fun message s = if !quiet_mode then () else writeln s;
+fun trace s = if !trace_domain then tracing s else ();
+
+open HOLCF_Library;
+
+(******************************************************************************)
+(***************************** proofs about take ******************************)
+(******************************************************************************)
+
+fun take_theorems
+    (dbinds : binding list)
+    (take_info : Domain_Take_Proofs.take_induct_info)
+    (constr_infos : Domain_Constructors.constr_info list)
+    (thy : theory) : thm list list * theory =
+let
+  val {take_consts, take_Suc_thms, deflation_take_thms, ...} = take_info;
+  val deflation_thms = Domain_Take_Proofs.get_deflation_thms thy;
+
+  val n = Free ("n", @{typ nat});
+  val n' = @{const Suc} $ n;
+
+  local
+    val newTs = map (#absT o #iso_info) constr_infos;
+    val subs = newTs ~~ map (fn t => t $ n) take_consts;
+    fun is_ID (Const (c, _)) = (c = @{const_name ID})
+      | is_ID _              = false;
+  in
+    fun map_of_arg v T =
+      let val m = Domain_Take_Proofs.map_of_typ thy subs T;
+      in if is_ID m then v else mk_capply (m, v) end;
+  end
+
+  fun prove_take_apps
+      ((dbind, take_const), constr_info) thy =
+    let
+      val {iso_info, con_specs, con_betas, ...} = constr_info;
+      val {abs_inverse, ...} = iso_info;
+      fun prove_take_app (con_const, args) =
+        let
+          val Ts = map snd args;
+          val ns = Name.variant_list ["n"] (Datatype_Prop.make_tnames Ts);
+          val vs = map Free (ns ~~ Ts);
+          val lhs = mk_capply (take_const $ n', list_ccomb (con_const, vs));
+          val rhs = list_ccomb (con_const, map2 map_of_arg vs Ts);
+          val goal = mk_trp (mk_eq (lhs, rhs));
+          val rules =
+              [abs_inverse] @ con_betas @ @{thms take_con_rules}
+              @ take_Suc_thms @ deflation_thms @ deflation_take_thms;
+          val tac = simp_tac (HOL_basic_ss addsimps rules) 1;
+        in
+          Goal.prove_global thy [] [] goal (K tac)
+        end;
+      val take_apps = map prove_take_app con_specs;
+    in
+      yield_singleton Global_Theory.add_thmss
+        ((Binding.qualified true "take_rews" dbind, take_apps),
+        [Simplifier.simp_add]) thy
+    end;
+in
+  fold_map prove_take_apps
+    (dbinds ~~ take_consts ~~ constr_infos) thy
+end;
+
+(******************************************************************************)
+(****************************** induction rules *******************************)
+(******************************************************************************)
+
+val case_UU_allI =
+    @{lemma "(!!x. x ~= UU ==> P x) ==> P UU ==> ALL x. P x" by metis};
+
+fun prove_induction
+    (comp_dbind : binding)
+    (constr_infos : Domain_Constructors.constr_info list)
+    (take_info : Domain_Take_Proofs.take_induct_info)
+    (take_rews : thm list)
+    (thy : theory) =
+let
+  val comp_dname = Binding.name_of comp_dbind;
+
+  val iso_infos = map #iso_info constr_infos;
+  val exhausts = map #exhaust constr_infos;
+  val con_rews = maps #con_rews constr_infos;
+  val {take_consts, take_induct_thms, ...} = take_info;
+
+  val newTs = map #absT iso_infos;
+  val P_names = Datatype_Prop.indexify_names (map (K "P") newTs);
+  val x_names = Datatype_Prop.indexify_names (map (K "x") newTs);
+  val P_types = map (fn T => T --> HOLogic.boolT) newTs;
+  val Ps = map Free (P_names ~~ P_types);
+  val xs = map Free (x_names ~~ newTs);
+  val n = Free ("n", HOLogic.natT);
+
+  fun con_assm defined p (con, args) =
+    let
+      val Ts = map snd args;
+      val ns = Name.variant_list P_names (Datatype_Prop.make_tnames Ts);
+      val vs = map Free (ns ~~ Ts);
+      val nonlazy = map snd (filter_out (fst o fst) (args ~~ vs));
+      fun ind_hyp (v, T) t =
+          case AList.lookup (op =) (newTs ~~ Ps) T of NONE => t
+          | SOME p' => Logic.mk_implies (mk_trp (p' $ v), t);
+      val t1 = mk_trp (p $ list_ccomb (con, vs));
+      val t2 = fold_rev ind_hyp (vs ~~ Ts) t1;
+      val t3 = Logic.list_implies (map (mk_trp o mk_defined) nonlazy, t2);
+    in fold_rev Logic.all vs (if defined then t3 else t2) end;
+  fun eq_assms ((p, T), cons) =
+      mk_trp (p $ HOLCF_Library.mk_bottom T) :: map (con_assm true p) cons;
+  val assms = maps eq_assms (Ps ~~ newTs ~~ map #con_specs constr_infos);
+
+  val take_ss = HOL_ss addsimps (@{thm Rep_CFun_strict1} :: take_rews);
+  fun quant_tac ctxt i = EVERY
+    (map (fn name => res_inst_tac ctxt [(("x", 0), name)] spec i) x_names);
+
+  (* FIXME: move this message to domain_take_proofs.ML *)
+  val is_finite = #is_finite take_info;
+  val _ = if is_finite
+          then message ("Proving finiteness rule for domain "^comp_dname^" ...")
+          else ();
+
+  val _ = trace " Proving finite_ind...";
+  val finite_ind =
+    let
+      val concls =
+          map (fn ((P, t), x) => P $ mk_capply (t $ n, x))
+              (Ps ~~ take_consts ~~ xs);
+      val goal = mk_trp (foldr1 mk_conj concls);
+
+      fun tacf {prems, context} =
+        let
+          (* Prove stronger prems, without definedness side conditions *)
+          fun con_thm p (con, args) =
+            let
+              val subgoal = con_assm false p (con, args);
+              val rules = prems @ con_rews @ simp_thms;
+              val simplify = asm_simp_tac (HOL_basic_ss addsimps rules);
+              fun arg_tac (lazy, _) =
+                  rtac (if lazy then allI else case_UU_allI) 1;
+              val tacs =
+                  rewrite_goals_tac @{thms atomize_all atomize_imp} ::
+                  map arg_tac args @
+                  [REPEAT (rtac impI 1), ALLGOALS simplify];
+            in
+              Goal.prove context [] [] subgoal (K (EVERY tacs))
+            end;
+          fun eq_thms (p, cons) = map (con_thm p) cons;
+          val conss = map #con_specs constr_infos;
+          val prems' = maps eq_thms (Ps ~~ conss);
+
+          val tacs1 = [
+            quant_tac context 1,
+            simp_tac HOL_ss 1,
+            InductTacs.induct_tac context [[SOME "n"]] 1,
+            simp_tac (take_ss addsimps prems) 1,
+            TRY (safe_tac HOL_cs)];
+          fun con_tac _ = 
+            asm_simp_tac take_ss 1 THEN
+            (resolve_tac prems' THEN_ALL_NEW etac spec) 1;
+          fun cases_tacs (cons, exhaust) =
+            res_inst_tac context [(("y", 0), "x")] exhaust 1 ::
+            asm_simp_tac (take_ss addsimps prems) 1 ::
+            map con_tac cons;
+          val tacs = tacs1 @ maps cases_tacs (conss ~~ exhausts)
+        in
+          EVERY (map DETERM tacs)
+        end;
+    in Goal.prove_global thy [] assms goal tacf end;
+
+  val _ = trace " Proving ind...";
+  val ind =
+    let
+      val concls = map (op $) (Ps ~~ xs);
+      val goal = mk_trp (foldr1 mk_conj concls);
+      val adms = if is_finite then [] else map (mk_trp o mk_adm) Ps;
+      fun tacf {prems, context} =
+        let
+          fun finite_tac (take_induct, fin_ind) =
+              rtac take_induct 1 THEN
+              (if is_finite then all_tac else resolve_tac prems 1) THEN
+              (rtac fin_ind THEN_ALL_NEW solve_tac prems) 1;
+          val fin_inds = Project_Rule.projections context finite_ind;
+        in
+          TRY (safe_tac HOL_cs) THEN
+          EVERY (map finite_tac (take_induct_thms ~~ fin_inds))
+        end;
+    in Goal.prove_global thy [] (adms @ assms) goal tacf end
+
+  (* case names for induction rules *)
+  val dnames = map (fst o dest_Type) newTs;
+  val case_ns =
+    let
+      val adms =
+          if is_finite then [] else
+          if length dnames = 1 then ["adm"] else
+          map (fn s => "adm_" ^ Long_Name.base_name s) dnames;
+      val bottoms =
+          if length dnames = 1 then ["bottom"] else
+          map (fn s => "bottom_" ^ Long_Name.base_name s) dnames;
+      fun one_eq bot constr_info =
+        let fun name_of (c, args) = Long_Name.base_name (fst (dest_Const c));
+        in bot :: map name_of (#con_specs constr_info) end;
+    in adms @ flat (map2 one_eq bottoms constr_infos) end;
+
+  val inducts = Project_Rule.projections (ProofContext.init_global thy) ind;
+  fun ind_rule (dname, rule) =
+      ((Binding.empty, rule),
+       [Rule_Cases.case_names case_ns, Induct.induct_type dname]);
+
+in
+  thy
+  |> snd o Global_Theory.add_thms [
+     ((Binding.qualified true "finite_induct" comp_dbind, finite_ind), []),
+     ((Binding.qualified true "induct"        comp_dbind, ind       ), [])]
+  |> (snd o Global_Theory.add_thms (map ind_rule (dnames ~~ inducts)))
+end; (* prove_induction *)
+
+(******************************************************************************)
+(************************ bisimulation and coinduction ************************)
+(******************************************************************************)
+
+fun prove_coinduction
+    (comp_dbind : binding, dbinds : binding list)
+    (constr_infos : Domain_Constructors.constr_info list)
+    (take_info : Domain_Take_Proofs.take_induct_info)
+    (take_rews : thm list list)
+    (thy : theory) : theory =
+let
+  val iso_infos = map #iso_info constr_infos;
+  val newTs = map #absT iso_infos;
+
+  val {take_consts, take_0_thms, take_lemma_thms, ...} = take_info;
+
+  val R_names = Datatype_Prop.indexify_names (map (K "R") newTs);
+  val R_types = map (fn T => T --> T --> boolT) newTs;
+  val Rs = map Free (R_names ~~ R_types);
+  val n = Free ("n", natT);
+  val reserved = "x" :: "y" :: R_names;
+
+  (* declare bisimulation predicate *)
+  val bisim_bind = Binding.suffix_name "_bisim" comp_dbind;
+  val bisim_type = R_types ---> boolT;
+  val (bisim_const, thy) =
+      Sign.declare_const ((bisim_bind, bisim_type), NoSyn) thy;
+
+  (* define bisimulation predicate *)
+  local
+    fun one_con T (con, args) =
+      let
+        val Ts = map snd args;
+        val ns1 = Name.variant_list reserved (Datatype_Prop.make_tnames Ts);
+        val ns2 = map (fn n => n^"'") ns1;
+        val vs1 = map Free (ns1 ~~ Ts);
+        val vs2 = map Free (ns2 ~~ Ts);
+        val eq1 = mk_eq (Free ("x", T), list_ccomb (con, vs1));
+        val eq2 = mk_eq (Free ("y", T), list_ccomb (con, vs2));
+        fun rel ((v1, v2), T) =
+            case AList.lookup (op =) (newTs ~~ Rs) T of
+              NONE => mk_eq (v1, v2) | SOME r => r $ v1 $ v2;
+        val eqs = foldr1 mk_conj (map rel (vs1 ~~ vs2 ~~ Ts) @ [eq1, eq2]);
+      in
+        Library.foldr mk_ex (vs1 @ vs2, eqs)
+      end;
+    fun one_eq ((T, R), cons) =
+      let
+        val x = Free ("x", T);
+        val y = Free ("y", T);
+        val disj1 = mk_conj (mk_eq (x, mk_bottom T), mk_eq (y, mk_bottom T));
+        val disjs = disj1 :: map (one_con T) cons;
+      in
+        mk_all (x, mk_all (y, mk_imp (R $ x $ y, foldr1 mk_disj disjs)))
+      end;
+    val conjs = map one_eq (newTs ~~ Rs ~~ map #con_specs constr_infos);
+    val bisim_rhs = lambdas Rs (Library.foldr1 mk_conj conjs);
+    val bisim_eqn = Logic.mk_equals (bisim_const, bisim_rhs);
+  in
+    val (bisim_def_thm, thy) = thy |>
+        yield_singleton (Global_Theory.add_defs false)
+         ((Binding.qualified true "bisim_def" comp_dbind, bisim_eqn), []);
+  end (* local *)
+
+  (* prove coinduction lemma *)
+  val coind_lemma =
+    let
+      val assm = mk_trp (list_comb (bisim_const, Rs));
+      fun one ((T, R), take_const) =
+        let
+          val x = Free ("x", T);
+          val y = Free ("y", T);
+          val lhs = mk_capply (take_const $ n, x);
+          val rhs = mk_capply (take_const $ n, y);
+        in
+          mk_all (x, mk_all (y, mk_imp (R $ x $ y, mk_eq (lhs, rhs))))
+        end;
+      val goal =
+          mk_trp (foldr1 mk_conj (map one (newTs ~~ Rs ~~ take_consts)));
+      val rules = @{thm Rep_CFun_strict1} :: take_0_thms;
+      fun tacf {prems, context} =
+        let
+          val prem' = rewrite_rule [bisim_def_thm] (hd prems);
+          val prems' = Project_Rule.projections context prem';
+          val dests = map (fn th => th RS spec RS spec RS mp) prems';
+          fun one_tac (dest, rews) =
+              dtac dest 1 THEN safe_tac HOL_cs THEN
+              ALLGOALS (asm_simp_tac (HOL_basic_ss addsimps rews));
+        in
+          rtac @{thm nat.induct} 1 THEN
+          simp_tac (HOL_ss addsimps rules) 1 THEN
+          safe_tac HOL_cs THEN
+          EVERY (map one_tac (dests ~~ take_rews))
+        end
+    in
+      Goal.prove_global thy [] [assm] goal tacf
+    end;
+
+  (* prove individual coinduction rules *)
+  fun prove_coind ((T, R), take_lemma) =
+    let
+      val x = Free ("x", T);
+      val y = Free ("y", T);
+      val assm1 = mk_trp (list_comb (bisim_const, Rs));
+      val assm2 = mk_trp (R $ x $ y);
+      val goal = mk_trp (mk_eq (x, y));
+      fun tacf {prems, context} =
+        let
+          val rule = hd prems RS coind_lemma;
+        in
+          rtac take_lemma 1 THEN
+          asm_simp_tac (HOL_basic_ss addsimps (rule :: prems)) 1
+        end;
+    in
+      Goal.prove_global thy [] [assm1, assm2] goal tacf
+    end;
+  val coinds = map prove_coind (newTs ~~ Rs ~~ take_lemma_thms);
+  val coind_binds = map (Binding.qualified true "coinduct") dbinds;
+
+in
+  thy |> snd o Global_Theory.add_thms
+    (map Thm.no_attributes (coind_binds ~~ coinds))
+end; (* let *)
+
+(******************************************************************************)
+(******************************* main function ********************************)
+(******************************************************************************)
+
+fun comp_theorems
+    (comp_dbind : binding)
+    (dbinds : binding list)
+    (take_info : Domain_Take_Proofs.take_induct_info)
+    (constr_infos : Domain_Constructors.constr_info list)
+    (thy : theory) =
+let
+val comp_dname = Binding.name_of comp_dbind;
+
+(* Test for emptiness *)
+(* FIXME: reimplement emptiness test
+local
+  open Domain_Library;
+  val dnames = map (fst o fst) eqs;
+  val conss = map snd eqs;
+  fun rec_to ns lazy_rec (n,cons) = forall (exists (fn arg => 
+        is_rec arg andalso not (member (op =) ns (rec_of arg)) andalso
+        ((rec_of arg =  n andalso not (lazy_rec orelse is_lazy arg)) orelse 
+          rec_of arg <> n andalso rec_to (rec_of arg::ns) 
+            (lazy_rec orelse is_lazy arg) (n, (List.nth(conss,rec_of arg))))
+        ) o snd) cons;
+  fun warn (n,cons) =
+    if rec_to [] false (n,cons)
+    then (warning ("domain "^List.nth(dnames,n)^" is empty!"); true)
+    else false;
+in
+  val n__eqs = mapn (fn n => fn (_,cons) => (n,cons)) 0 eqs;
+  val is_emptys = map warn n__eqs;
+end;
+*)
+
+(* Test for indirect recursion *)
+local
+  val newTs = map (#absT o #iso_info) constr_infos;
+  fun indirect_typ (Type (_, Ts)) =
+      exists (fn T => member (op =) newTs T orelse indirect_typ T) Ts
+    | indirect_typ _ = false;
+  fun indirect_arg (_, T) = indirect_typ T;
+  fun indirect_con (_, args) = exists indirect_arg args;
+  fun indirect_eq cons = exists indirect_con cons;
+in
+  val is_indirect = exists indirect_eq (map #con_specs constr_infos);
+  val _ =
+      if is_indirect
+      then message "Indirect recursion detected, skipping proofs of (co)induction rules"
+      else message ("Proving induction properties of domain "^comp_dname^" ...");
+end;
+
+(* theorems about take *)
+
+val (take_rewss, thy) =
+    take_theorems dbinds take_info constr_infos thy;
+
+val {take_lemma_thms, take_0_thms, take_strict_thms, ...} = take_info;
+
+val take_rews = take_0_thms @ take_strict_thms @ flat take_rewss;
+
+(* prove induction rules, unless definition is indirect recursive *)
+val thy =
+    if is_indirect then thy else
+    prove_induction comp_dbind constr_infos take_info take_rews thy;
+
+val thy =
+    if is_indirect then thy else
+    prove_coinduction (comp_dbind, dbinds) constr_infos take_info take_rewss thy;
+
+in
+  (take_rews, thy)
+end; (* let *)
+end; (* struct *)