src/HOL/SMT_Examples/SMT_Tests_Verit.thy
changeset 72458 b44e894796d5
child 72513 75f5c63f6cfa
--- /dev/null	Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+++ b/src/HOL/SMT_Examples/SMT_Tests_Verit.thy	Mon Oct 12 18:59:44 2020 +0200
@@ -0,0 +1,717 @@
+(*  Title:      HOL/SMT_Examples/SMT_Tests.thy
+    Author:     Sascha Boehme, TU Muenchen
+    Author:     Mathias Fleury, MPII, JKU
+*)
+
+section \<open>Tests for the SMT binding\<close>
+
+theory SMT_Tests_Verit
+imports Complex_Main
+begin
+
+declare [[smt_solver=verit]]
+smt_status
+
+text \<open>Most examples are taken from the equivalent Z3 theory called \<^file>\<open>SMT_Tests.thy\<close>,
+and have been taken from various Isabelle and HOL4 developments.\<close>
+
+
+section \<open>Propositional logic\<close>
+
+lemma
+  "True"
+  "\<not> False"
+  "\<not> \<not> True"
+  "True \<and> True"
+  "True \<or> False"
+  "False \<longrightarrow> True"
+  "\<not> (False \<longleftrightarrow> True)"
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "P \<or> \<not> P"
+  "\<not> (P \<and> \<not> P)"
+  "(True \<and> P) \<or> \<not> P \<or> (False \<and> P) \<or> P"
+  "P \<longrightarrow> P"
+  "P \<and> \<not> P \<longrightarrow> False"
+  "P \<and> Q \<longrightarrow> Q \<and> P"
+  "P \<or> Q \<longrightarrow> Q \<or> P"
+  "P \<and> Q \<longrightarrow> P \<or> Q"
+  "\<not> (P \<or> Q) \<longrightarrow> \<not> P"
+  "\<not> (P \<or> Q) \<longrightarrow> \<not> Q"
+  "\<not> P \<longrightarrow> \<not> (P \<and> Q)"
+  "\<not> Q \<longrightarrow> \<not> (P \<and> Q)"
+  "(P \<and> Q) \<longleftrightarrow> (\<not> (\<not> P \<or> \<not> Q))"
+  "(P \<and> Q) \<and> R \<longrightarrow> P \<and> (Q \<and> R)"
+  "(P \<or> Q) \<or> R \<longrightarrow> P \<or> (Q \<or> R)"
+  "(P \<and> Q) \<or> R  \<longrightarrow> (P \<or> R) \<and> (Q \<or> R)"
+  "(P \<or> R) \<and> (Q \<or> R) \<longrightarrow> (P \<and> Q) \<or> R"
+  "(P \<or> Q) \<and> R \<longrightarrow> (P \<and> R) \<or> (Q \<and> R)"
+  "(P \<and> R) \<or> (Q \<and> R) \<longrightarrow> (P \<or> Q) \<and> R"
+  "((P \<longrightarrow> Q) \<longrightarrow> P) \<longrightarrow> P"
+  "(P \<longrightarrow> R) \<and> (Q \<longrightarrow> R) \<longleftrightarrow> (P \<or> Q \<longrightarrow> R)"
+  "(P \<and> Q \<longrightarrow> R) \<longleftrightarrow> (P \<longrightarrow> (Q \<longrightarrow> R))"
+  "((P \<longrightarrow> R) \<longrightarrow> R) \<longrightarrow>  ((Q \<longrightarrow> R) \<longrightarrow> R) \<longrightarrow> (P \<and> Q \<longrightarrow> R) \<longrightarrow> R"
+  "\<not> (P \<longrightarrow> R) \<longrightarrow>  \<not> (Q \<longrightarrow> R) \<longrightarrow> \<not> (P \<and> Q \<longrightarrow> R)"
+  "(P \<longrightarrow> Q \<and> R) \<longleftrightarrow> (P \<longrightarrow> Q) \<and> (P \<longrightarrow> R)"
+  "P \<longrightarrow> (Q \<longrightarrow> P)"
+  "(P \<longrightarrow> Q \<longrightarrow> R) \<longrightarrow> (P \<longrightarrow> Q)\<longrightarrow> (P \<longrightarrow> R)"
+  "(P \<longrightarrow> Q) \<or> (P \<longrightarrow> R) \<longrightarrow> (P \<longrightarrow> Q \<or> R)"
+  "((((P \<longrightarrow> Q) \<longrightarrow> P) \<longrightarrow> P) \<longrightarrow> Q) \<longrightarrow> Q"
+  "(P \<longrightarrow> Q) \<longrightarrow> (\<not> Q \<longrightarrow> \<not> P)"
+  "(P \<longrightarrow> Q \<or> R) \<longrightarrow> (P \<longrightarrow> Q) \<or> (P \<longrightarrow> R)"
+  "(P \<longrightarrow> Q) \<and> (Q  \<longrightarrow> P) \<longrightarrow> (P \<longleftrightarrow> Q)"
+  "(P \<longleftrightarrow> Q) \<longleftrightarrow> (Q \<longleftrightarrow> P)"
+  "\<not> (P \<longleftrightarrow> \<not> P)"
+  "(P \<longrightarrow> Q) \<longleftrightarrow> (\<not> Q \<longrightarrow> \<not> P)"
+  "P \<longleftrightarrow> P \<longleftrightarrow> P \<longleftrightarrow> P \<longleftrightarrow> P \<longleftrightarrow> P \<longleftrightarrow> P \<longleftrightarrow> P \<longleftrightarrow> P \<longleftrightarrow> P"
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "(if P then Q1 else Q2) \<longleftrightarrow> ((P \<longrightarrow> Q1) \<and> (\<not> P \<longrightarrow> Q2))"
+  "if P then (Q \<longrightarrow> P) else (P \<longrightarrow> Q)"
+  "(if P1 \<or> P2 then Q1 else Q2) \<longleftrightarrow> (if P1 then Q1 else if P2 then Q1 else Q2)"
+  "(if P1 \<and> P2 then Q1 else Q2) \<longleftrightarrow> (if P1 then if P2 then Q1 else Q2 else Q2)"
+  "(P1 \<longrightarrow> (if P2 then Q1 else Q2)) \<longleftrightarrow>
+   (if P1 \<longrightarrow> P2 then P1 \<longrightarrow> Q1 else P1 \<longrightarrow> Q2)"
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "case P of True \<Rightarrow> P | False \<Rightarrow> \<not> P"
+  "case P of False \<Rightarrow> \<not> P | True \<Rightarrow> P"
+  "case \<not> P of True \<Rightarrow> \<not> P | False \<Rightarrow> P"
+  "case P of True \<Rightarrow> (Q \<longrightarrow> P) | False \<Rightarrow> (P \<longrightarrow> Q)"
+  by smt+
+
+
+section \<open>First-order logic with equality\<close>
+
+lemma
+  "x = x"
+  "x = y \<longrightarrow> y = x"
+  "x = y \<and> y = z \<longrightarrow> x = z"
+  "x = y \<longrightarrow> f x = f y"
+  "x = y \<longrightarrow> g x y = g y x"
+  "f (f x) = x \<and> f (f (f (f (f x)))) = x \<longrightarrow> f x = x"
+  "((if a then b else c) = d) = ((a \<longrightarrow> (b = d)) \<and> (\<not> a \<longrightarrow> (c = d)))"
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "\<forall>x. x = x"
+  "(\<forall>x. P x) \<longleftrightarrow> (\<forall>y. P y)"
+  "\<forall>x. P x \<longrightarrow> (\<forall>y. P x \<or> P y)"
+  "(\<forall>x. P x \<and> Q x) \<longleftrightarrow> (\<forall>x. P x) \<and> (\<forall>x. Q x)"
+  "(\<forall>x. P x) \<or> R \<longleftrightarrow> (\<forall>x. P x \<or> R)"
+  "(\<forall>x y z. S x z) \<longleftrightarrow> (\<forall>x z. S x z)"
+  "(\<forall>x y. S x y \<longrightarrow> S y x) \<longrightarrow> (\<forall>x. S x y) \<longrightarrow> S y x"
+  "(\<forall>x. P x \<longrightarrow> P (f x)) \<and> P d \<longrightarrow> P (f(f(f(d))))"
+  "(\<forall>x y. s x y = s y x) \<longrightarrow> a = a \<and> s a b = s b a"
+  "(\<forall>s. q s \<longrightarrow> r s) \<and> \<not> r s \<and> (\<forall>s. \<not> r s \<and> \<not> q s \<longrightarrow> p t \<or> q t) \<longrightarrow> p t \<or> r t"
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "(\<forall>x. P x) \<and> R \<longleftrightarrow> (\<forall>x. P x \<and> R)"
+  by smt
+
+lemma
+  "\<exists>x. x = x"
+  "(\<exists>x. P x) \<longleftrightarrow> (\<exists>y. P y)"
+  "(\<exists>x. P x \<or> Q x) \<longleftrightarrow> (\<exists>x. P x) \<or> (\<exists>x. Q x)"
+  "(\<exists>x. P x) \<and> R \<longleftrightarrow> (\<exists>x. P x \<and> R)"
+  "(\<exists>x y z. S x z) \<longleftrightarrow> (\<exists>x z. S x z)"
+  "\<not> ((\<exists>x. \<not> P x) \<and> ((\<exists>x. P x) \<or> (\<exists>x. P x \<and> Q x)) \<and> \<not> (\<exists>x. P x))"
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "\<exists>x y. x = y"
+  "(\<exists>x. P x) \<or> R \<longleftrightarrow> (\<exists>x. P x \<or> R)"
+  "\<exists>x. P x \<longrightarrow> P a \<and> P b"
+  "(\<exists>x. Q \<longrightarrow> P x) \<longleftrightarrow> (Q \<longrightarrow> (\<exists>x. P x))"
+  supply[[smt_trace]]
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "(\<not> (\<exists>x. P x)) \<longleftrightarrow> (\<forall>x. \<not> P x)"
+  "(\<exists>x. P x \<longrightarrow> Q) \<longleftrightarrow> (\<forall>x. P x) \<longrightarrow> Q"
+  "(\<forall>x y. R x y = x) \<longrightarrow> (\<exists>y. R x y) = R x c"
+  "(if P x then \<not> (\<exists>y. P y) else (\<forall>y. \<not> P y)) \<longrightarrow> P x \<longrightarrow> P y"
+  "(\<forall>x y. R x y = x) \<and> (\<forall>x. \<exists>y. R x y) = (\<forall>x. R x c) \<longrightarrow> (\<exists>y. R x y) = R x c"
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "\<forall>x. \<exists>y. f x y = f x (g x)"
+  "(\<not> \<not> (\<exists>x. P x)) \<longleftrightarrow> (\<not> (\<forall>x. \<not> P x))"
+  "\<forall>u. \<exists>v. \<forall>w. \<exists>x. f u v w x = f u (g u) w (h u w)"
+  "\<exists>x. if x = y then (\<forall>y. y = x \<or> y \<noteq> x) else (\<forall>y. y = (x, x) \<or> y \<noteq> (x, x))"
+  "\<exists>x. if x = y then (\<exists>y. y = x \<or> y \<noteq> x) else (\<exists>y. y = (x, x) \<or> y \<noteq> (x, x))"
+  "(\<exists>x. \<forall>y. P x \<longleftrightarrow> P y) \<longrightarrow> ((\<exists>x. P x) \<longleftrightarrow> (\<forall>y. P y))"
+  "(\<exists>y. \<forall>x. R x y) \<longrightarrow> (\<forall>x. \<exists>y. R x y)"
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "(\<exists>!x. P x) \<longrightarrow> (\<exists>x. P x)"
+  "(\<exists>!x. P x) \<longleftrightarrow> (\<exists>x. P x \<and> (\<forall>y. y \<noteq> x \<longrightarrow> \<not> P y))"
+  "P a \<longrightarrow> (\<forall>x. P x \<longrightarrow> x = a) \<longrightarrow> (\<exists>!x. P x)"
+  "(\<exists>x. P x) \<and> (\<forall>x y. P x \<and> P y \<longrightarrow> x = y) \<longrightarrow> (\<exists>!x. P x)"
+  "(\<exists>!x. P x) \<and> (\<forall>x. P x \<and> (\<forall>y. P y \<longrightarrow> y = x) \<longrightarrow> R) \<longrightarrow> R"
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "(\<forall>x\<in>M. P x) \<and> c \<in> M \<longrightarrow> P c"
+  "(\<exists>x\<in>M. P x) \<or> \<not> (P c \<and> c \<in> M)"
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "let P = True in P"
+  "let P = P1 \<or> P2 in P \<or> \<not> P"
+  "let P1 = True; P2 = False in P1 \<and> P2 \<longrightarrow> P2 \<or> P1"
+  "(let x = y in x) = y"
+  "(let x = y in Q x) \<longleftrightarrow> (let z = y in Q z)"
+  "(let x = y1; z = y2 in R x z) \<longleftrightarrow> (let z = y2; x = y1 in R x z)"
+  "(let x = y1; z = y2 in R x z) \<longleftrightarrow> (let z = y1; x = y2 in R z x)"
+  "let P = (\<forall>x. Q x) in if P then P else \<not> P"
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "a \<noteq> b \<and> a \<noteq> c \<and> b \<noteq> c \<and> (\<forall>x y. f x = f y \<longrightarrow> y = x) \<longrightarrow> f a \<noteq> f b"
+  by smt
+
+lemma
+  "(\<forall>x y z. f x y = f x z \<longrightarrow> y = z) \<and> b \<noteq> c \<longrightarrow> f a b \<noteq> f a c"
+  "(\<forall>x y z. f x y = f z y \<longrightarrow> x = z) \<and> a \<noteq> d \<longrightarrow> f a b \<noteq> f d b"
+  by smt+
+
+
+section \<open>Guidance for quantifier heuristics: patterns\<close>
+
+lemma
+  assumes "\<forall>x.
+    SMT.trigger (SMT.Symb_Cons (SMT.Symb_Cons (SMT.pat (f x)) SMT.Symb_Nil) SMT.Symb_Nil)
+    (f x = x)"
+  shows "f 1 = 1"
+  using assms by smt
+
+lemma
+  assumes "\<forall>x y.
+    SMT.trigger (SMT.Symb_Cons (SMT.Symb_Cons (SMT.pat (f x))
+      (SMT.Symb_Cons (SMT.pat (g y)) SMT.Symb_Nil)) SMT.Symb_Nil) (f x = g y)"
+  shows "f a = g b"
+  using assms by smt
+
+
+section \<open>Meta-logical connectives\<close>
+
+lemma
+  "True \<Longrightarrow> True"
+  "False \<Longrightarrow> True"
+  "False \<Longrightarrow> False"
+  "P' x \<Longrightarrow> P' x"
+  "P \<Longrightarrow> P \<or> Q"
+  "Q \<Longrightarrow> P \<or> Q"
+  "\<not> P \<Longrightarrow> P \<longrightarrow> Q"
+  "Q \<Longrightarrow> P \<longrightarrow> Q"
+  "\<lbrakk>P; \<not> Q\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> \<not> (P \<longrightarrow> Q)"
+  "P' x \<equiv> P' x"
+  "P' x \<equiv> Q' x \<Longrightarrow> P' x = Q' x"
+  "P' x = Q' x \<Longrightarrow> P' x \<equiv> Q' x"
+  "x \<equiv> y \<Longrightarrow> y \<equiv> z \<Longrightarrow> x \<equiv> (z::'a::type)"
+  "x \<equiv> y \<Longrightarrow> (f x :: 'b::type) \<equiv> f y"
+  "(\<And>x. g x) \<Longrightarrow> g a \<or> a"
+  "(\<And>x y. h x y \<and> h y x) \<Longrightarrow> \<forall>x. h x x"
+  "(p \<or> q) \<and> \<not> p \<Longrightarrow> q"
+  "(a \<and> b) \<or> (c \<and> d) \<Longrightarrow> (a \<and> b) \<or> (c \<and> d)"
+  by smt+
+
+
+section \<open>Natural numbers\<close>
+
+declare [[smt_nat_as_int]]
+
+lemma
+  "(0::nat) = 0"
+  "(1::nat) = 1"
+  "(0::nat) < 1"
+  "(0::nat) \<le> 1"
+  "(123456789::nat) < 2345678901"
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "Suc 0 = 1"
+  "Suc x = x + 1"
+  "x < Suc x"
+  "(Suc x = Suc y) = (x = y)"
+  "Suc (x + y) < Suc x + Suc y"
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "(x::nat) + 0 = x"
+  "0 + x = x"
+  "x + y = y + x"
+  "x + (y + z) = (x + y) + z"
+  "(x + y = 0) = (x = 0 \<and> y = 0)"
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "(x::nat) - 0 = x"
+  "x < y \<longrightarrow> x - y = 0"
+  "x - y = 0 \<or> y - x = 0"
+  "(x - y) + y = (if x < y then y else x)"
+   "x - y - z = x - (y + z)"
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "(x::nat) * 0 = 0"
+  "0 * x = 0"
+  "x * 1 = x"
+  "1 * x = x"
+  "3 * x = x * 3"
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "min (x::nat) y \<le> x"
+  "min x y \<le> y"
+  "min x y \<le> x + y"
+  "z < x \<and> z < y \<longrightarrow> z < min x y"
+  "min x y = min y x"
+  "min x 0 = 0"
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "max (x::nat) y \<ge> x"
+  "max x y \<ge> y"
+  "max x y \<ge> (x - y) + (y - x)"
+  "z > x \<and> z > y \<longrightarrow> z > max x y"
+  "max x y = max y x"
+  "max x 0 = x"
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "0 \<le> (x::nat)"
+  "0 < x \<and> x \<le> 1 \<longrightarrow> x = 1"
+  "x \<le> x"
+  "x \<le> y \<longrightarrow> 3 * x \<le> 3 * y"
+  "x < y \<longrightarrow> 3 * x < 3 * y"
+  "x < y \<longrightarrow> x \<le> y"
+  "(x < y) = (x + 1 \<le> y)"
+  "\<not> (x < x)"
+  "x \<le> y \<longrightarrow> y \<le> z \<longrightarrow> x \<le> z"
+  "x < y \<longrightarrow> y \<le> z \<longrightarrow> x \<le> z"
+  "x \<le> y \<longrightarrow> y < z \<longrightarrow> x \<le> z"
+  "x < y \<longrightarrow> y < z \<longrightarrow> x < z"
+  "x < y \<and> y < z \<longrightarrow> \<not> (z < x)"
+  by smt+
+
+declare [[smt_nat_as_int = false]]
+
+
+section \<open>Integers\<close>
+
+lemma
+  "(0::int) = 0"
+  "(0::int) = (- 0)"
+  "(1::int) = 1"
+  "\<not> (-1 = (1::int))"
+  "(0::int) < 1"
+  "(0::int) \<le> 1"
+  "-123 + 345 < (567::int)"
+  "(123456789::int) < 2345678901"
+  "(-123456789::int) < 2345678901"
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "(x::int) + 0 = x"
+  "0 + x = x"
+  "x + y = y + x"
+  "x + (y + z) = (x + y) + z"
+  "(x + y = 0) = (x = -y)"
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "(-1::int) = - 1"
+  "(-3::int) = - 3"
+  "-(x::int) < 0 \<longleftrightarrow> x > 0"
+  "x > 0 \<longrightarrow> -x < 0"
+  "x < 0 \<longrightarrow> -x > 0"
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "(x::int) - 0 = x"
+  "0 - x = -x"
+  "x < y \<longrightarrow> x - y < 0"
+  "x - y = -(y - x)"
+  "x - y = -y + x"
+  "x - y - z = x - (y + z)"
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "(x::int) * 0 = 0"
+  "0 * x = 0"
+  "x * 1 = x"
+  "1 * x = x"
+  "x * -1 = -x"
+  "-1 * x = -x"
+  "3 * x = x * 3"
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "\<bar>x::int\<bar> \<ge> 0"
+  "(\<bar>x\<bar> = 0) = (x = 0)"
+  "(x \<ge> 0) = (\<bar>x\<bar> = x)"
+  "(x \<le> 0) = (\<bar>x\<bar> = -x)"
+  "\<bar>\<bar>x\<bar>\<bar> = \<bar>x\<bar>"
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "min (x::int) y \<le> x"
+  "min x y \<le> y"
+  "z < x \<and> z < y \<longrightarrow> z < min x y"
+  "min x y = min y x"
+  "x \<ge> 0 \<longrightarrow> min x 0 = 0"
+  "min x y \<le> \<bar>x + y\<bar>"
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "max (x::int) y \<ge> x"
+  "max x y \<ge> y"
+  "z > x \<and> z > y \<longrightarrow> z > max x y"
+  "max x y = max y x"
+  "x \<ge> 0 \<longrightarrow> max x 0 = x"
+  "max x y \<ge> - \<bar>x\<bar> - \<bar>y\<bar>"
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "0 < (x::int) \<and> x \<le> 1 \<longrightarrow> x = 1"
+  "x \<le> x"
+  "x \<le> y \<longrightarrow> 3 * x \<le> 3 * y"
+  "x < y \<longrightarrow> 3 * x < 3 * y"
+  "x < y \<longrightarrow> x \<le> y"
+  "(x < y) = (x + 1 \<le> y)"
+  "\<not> (x < x)"
+  "x \<le> y \<longrightarrow> y \<le> z \<longrightarrow> x \<le> z"
+  "x < y \<longrightarrow> y \<le> z \<longrightarrow> x \<le> z"
+  "x \<le> y \<longrightarrow> y < z \<longrightarrow> x \<le> z"
+  "x < y \<longrightarrow> y < z \<longrightarrow> x < z"
+  "x < y \<and> y < z \<longrightarrow> \<not> (z < x)"
+  by smt+
+
+
+section \<open>Reals\<close>
+
+lemma
+  "(0::real) = 0"
+  "(0::real) = -0"
+  "(0::real) = (- 0)"
+  "(1::real) = 1"
+  "\<not> (-1 = (1::real))"
+  "(0::real) < 1"
+  "(0::real) \<le> 1"
+  "-123 + 345 < (567::real)"
+  "(123456789::real) < 2345678901"
+  "(-123456789::real) < 2345678901"
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "(x::real) + 0 = x"
+  "0 + x = x"
+  "x + y = y + x"
+  "x + (y + z) = (x + y) + z"
+  "(x + y = 0) = (x = -y)"
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "(-1::real) = - 1"
+  "(-3::real) = - 3"
+  "-(x::real) < 0 \<longleftrightarrow> x > 0"
+  "x > 0 \<longrightarrow> -x < 0"
+  "x < 0 \<longrightarrow> -x > 0"
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "(x::real) - 0 = x"
+  "0 - x = -x"
+  "x < y \<longrightarrow> x - y < 0"
+  "x - y = -(y - x)"
+  "x - y = -y + x"
+  "x - y - z = x - (y + z)"
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "(x::real) * 0 = 0"
+  "0 * x = 0"
+  "x * 1 = x"
+  "1 * x = x"
+  "x * -1 = -x"
+  "-1 * x = -x"
+  "3 * x = x * 3"
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "\<bar>x::real\<bar> \<ge> 0"
+  "(\<bar>x\<bar> = 0) = (x = 0)"
+  "(x \<ge> 0) = (\<bar>x\<bar> = x)"
+  "(x \<le> 0) = (\<bar>x\<bar> = -x)"
+  "\<bar>\<bar>x\<bar>\<bar> = \<bar>x\<bar>"
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "min (x::real) y \<le> x"
+  "min x y \<le> y"
+  "z < x \<and> z < y \<longrightarrow> z < min x y"
+  "min x y = min y x"
+  "x \<ge> 0 \<longrightarrow> min x 0 = 0"
+  "min x y \<le> \<bar>x + y\<bar>"
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "max (x::real) y \<ge> x"
+  "max x y \<ge> y"
+  "z > x \<and> z > y \<longrightarrow> z > max x y"
+  "max x y = max y x"
+  "x \<ge> 0 \<longrightarrow> max x 0 = x"
+  "max x y \<ge> - \<bar>x\<bar> - \<bar>y\<bar>"
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "x \<le> (x::real)"
+  "x \<le> y \<longrightarrow> 3 * x \<le> 3 * y"
+  "x < y \<longrightarrow> 3 * x < 3 * y"
+  "x < y \<longrightarrow> x \<le> y"
+  "\<not> (x < x)"
+  "x \<le> y \<longrightarrow> y \<le> z \<longrightarrow> x \<le> z"
+  "x < y \<longrightarrow> y \<le> z \<longrightarrow> x \<le> z"
+  "x \<le> y \<longrightarrow> y < z \<longrightarrow> x \<le> z"
+  "x < y \<longrightarrow> y < z \<longrightarrow> x < z"
+  "x < y \<and> y < z \<longrightarrow> \<not> (z < x)"
+  by smt+
+
+
+section \<open>Datatypes, records, and typedefs\<close>
+
+subsection \<open>Without support by the SMT solver\<close>
+
+subsubsection \<open>Algebraic datatypes\<close>
+
+lemma
+  "x = fst (x, y)"
+  "y = snd (x, y)"
+  "((x, y) = (y, x)) = (x = y)"
+  "((x, y) = (u, v)) = (x = u \<and> y = v)"
+  "(fst (x, y, z) = fst (u, v, w)) = (x = u)"
+  "(snd (x, y, z) = snd (u, v, w)) = (y = v \<and> z = w)"
+  "(fst (snd (x, y, z)) = fst (snd (u, v, w))) = (y = v)"
+  "(snd (snd (x, y, z)) = snd (snd (u, v, w))) = (z = w)"
+  "(fst (x, y) = snd (x, y)) = (x = y)"
+  "p1 = (x, y) \<and> p2 = (y, x) \<longrightarrow> fst p1 = snd p2"
+  "(fst (x, y) = snd (x, y)) = (x = y)"
+  "(fst p = snd p) = (p = (snd p, fst p))"
+  using fst_conv snd_conv prod.collapse
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "[x] \<noteq> Nil"
+  "[x, y] \<noteq> Nil"
+  "x \<noteq> y \<longrightarrow> [x] \<noteq> [y]"
+  "hd (x # xs) = x"
+  "tl (x # xs) = xs"
+  "hd [x, y, z] = x"
+  "tl [x, y, z] = [y, z]"
+  "hd (tl [x, y, z]) = y"
+  "tl (tl [x, y, z]) = [z]"
+  using list.sel(1,3) list.simps
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "fst (hd [(a, b)]) = a"
+  "snd (hd [(a, b)]) = b"
+  using fst_conv snd_conv prod.collapse list.sel(1,3) list.simps
+  by smt+
+
+
+subsubsection \<open>Records\<close>
+
+record point =
+  cx :: int
+  cy :: int
+
+record bw_point = point +
+  black :: bool
+
+lemma
+  "\<lparr>cx = x, cy = y\<rparr> = \<lparr>cx = x', cy = y'\<rparr> \<Longrightarrow> x = x' \<and> y = y'"
+  using point.simps
+  by smt
+
+lemma
+  "cx \<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4 \<rparr> = 3"
+  "cy \<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4 \<rparr> = 4"
+  "cx \<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4 \<rparr> \<noteq> cy \<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4 \<rparr>"
+  "\<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4 \<rparr> \<lparr> cx := 5 \<rparr> = \<lparr> cx = 5, cy = 4 \<rparr>"
+  "\<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4 \<rparr> \<lparr> cy := 6 \<rparr> = \<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 6 \<rparr>"
+  "p = \<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4 \<rparr> \<longrightarrow> p \<lparr> cx := 3 \<rparr> \<lparr> cy := 4 \<rparr> = p"
+  "p = \<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4 \<rparr> \<longrightarrow> p \<lparr> cy := 4 \<rparr> \<lparr> cx := 3 \<rparr> = p"
+  using point.simps
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "\<lparr>cx = x, cy = y, black = b\<rparr> = \<lparr>cx = x', cy = y', black = b'\<rparr> \<Longrightarrow> x = x' \<and> y = y' \<and> b = b'"
+  using point.simps bw_point.simps
+  by smt
+
+lemma
+  "cx \<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4, black = b \<rparr> = 3"
+  "cy \<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4, black = b \<rparr> = 4"
+  "black \<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4, black = b \<rparr> = b"
+  "cx \<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4, black = b \<rparr> \<noteq> cy \<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4, black = b \<rparr>"
+  "\<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4, black = b \<rparr> \<lparr> cx := 5 \<rparr> = \<lparr> cx = 5, cy = 4, black = b \<rparr>"
+  "\<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4, black = b \<rparr> \<lparr> cy := 6 \<rparr> = \<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 6, black = b \<rparr>"
+  "p = \<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4, black = True \<rparr> \<longrightarrow>
+     p \<lparr> cx := 3 \<rparr> \<lparr> cy := 4 \<rparr> \<lparr> black := True \<rparr> = p"
+  "p = \<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4, black = True \<rparr> \<longrightarrow>
+     p \<lparr> cy := 4 \<rparr> \<lparr> black := True \<rparr> \<lparr> cx := 3 \<rparr> = p"
+  "p = \<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4, black = True \<rparr> \<longrightarrow>
+     p \<lparr> black := True \<rparr> \<lparr> cx := 3 \<rparr> \<lparr> cy := 4 \<rparr> = p"
+  using point.simps bw_point.simps
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "\<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4, black = b \<rparr> \<lparr> black := w \<rparr> = \<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4, black = w \<rparr>"
+  "\<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4, black = True \<rparr> \<lparr> black := False \<rparr> =
+     \<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4, black = False \<rparr>"
+  "p \<lparr> cx := 3 \<rparr> \<lparr> cy := 4 \<rparr> \<lparr> black := True \<rparr> =
+     p \<lparr> black := True \<rparr> \<lparr> cy := 4 \<rparr> \<lparr> cx := 3 \<rparr>"
+    apply (smt add_One add_inc bw_point.update_convs(1) default_unit_def inc.simps(2) one_plus_BitM
+      semiring_norm(6,26))
+   apply (smt bw_point.update_convs(1))
+  apply (smt bw_point.cases_scheme bw_point.update_convs(1) point.update_convs(1,2))
+  done
+
+
+subsubsection \<open>Type definitions\<close>
+
+typedef int' = "UNIV::int set" by (rule UNIV_witness)
+
+definition n0 where "n0 = Abs_int' 0"
+definition n1 where "n1 = Abs_int' 1"
+definition n2 where "n2 = Abs_int' 2"
+definition plus' where "plus' n m = Abs_int' (Rep_int' n + Rep_int' m)"
+
+lemma
+  "n0 \<noteq> n1"
+  "plus' n1 n1 = n2"
+  "plus' n0 n2 = n2"
+  by (smt n0_def n1_def n2_def plus'_def Abs_int'_inverse Rep_int'_inverse UNIV_I)+
+
+
+subsection \<open>With support by the SMT solver (but without proofs)\<close>
+
+subsubsection \<open>Algebraic datatypes\<close>
+
+lemma
+  "x = fst (x, y)"
+  "y = snd (x, y)"
+  "((x, y) = (y, x)) = (x = y)"
+  "((x, y) = (u, v)) = (x = u \<and> y = v)"
+  "(fst (x, y, z) = fst (u, v, w)) = (x = u)"
+  "(snd (x, y, z) = snd (u, v, w)) = (y = v \<and> z = w)"
+  "(fst (snd (x, y, z)) = fst (snd (u, v, w))) = (y = v)"
+  "(snd (snd (x, y, z)) = snd (snd (u, v, w))) = (z = w)"
+  "(fst (x, y) = snd (x, y)) = (x = y)"
+  "p1 = (x, y) \<and> p2 = (y, x) \<longrightarrow> fst p1 = snd p2"
+  "(fst (x, y) = snd (x, y)) = (x = y)"
+  "(fst p = snd p) = (p = (snd p, fst p))"
+  using fst_conv snd_conv prod.collapse
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "x \<noteq> y \<longrightarrow> [x] \<noteq> [y]"
+  "hd (x # xs) = x"
+  "tl (x # xs) = xs"
+  "hd [x, y, z] = x"
+  "tl [x, y, z] = [y, z]"
+  "hd (tl [x, y, z]) = y"
+  "tl (tl [x, y, z]) = [z]"
+  using list.sel(1,3)
+  by smt+
+
+lemma
+  "fst (hd [(a, b)]) = a"
+  "snd (hd [(a, b)]) = b"
+  using fst_conv snd_conv prod.collapse list.sel(1,3)
+  by smt+
+
+
+subsubsection \<open>Records\<close>
+text \<open>The equivalent theory for Z3 contains more example, but unlike Z3, we are able
+to reconstruct the proofs.\<close>
+
+lemma
+  "cx \<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4 \<rparr> = 3"
+  "cy \<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4 \<rparr> = 4"
+  "cx \<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4 \<rparr> \<noteq> cy \<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4 \<rparr>"
+  "\<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4 \<rparr> \<lparr> cx := 5 \<rparr> = \<lparr> cx = 5, cy = 4 \<rparr>"
+  "\<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4 \<rparr> \<lparr> cy := 6 \<rparr> = \<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 6 \<rparr>"
+  "p = \<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4 \<rparr> \<longrightarrow> p \<lparr> cx := 3 \<rparr> \<lparr> cy := 4 \<rparr> = p"
+  "p = \<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4 \<rparr> \<longrightarrow> p \<lparr> cy := 4 \<rparr> \<lparr> cx := 3 \<rparr> = p"
+  using point.simps
+  by smt+
+
+
+lemma
+  "cx \<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4, black = b \<rparr> = 3"
+  "cy \<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4, black = b \<rparr> = 4"
+  "black \<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4, black = b \<rparr> = b"
+  "cx \<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4, black = b \<rparr> \<noteq> cy \<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4, black = b \<rparr>"
+  "\<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4, black = b \<rparr> \<lparr> cx := 5 \<rparr> = \<lparr> cx = 5, cy = 4, black = b \<rparr>"
+  "\<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4, black = b \<rparr> \<lparr> cy := 6 \<rparr> = \<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 6, black = b \<rparr>"
+  "p = \<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4, black = True \<rparr> \<longrightarrow>
+     p \<lparr> cx := 3 \<rparr> \<lparr> cy := 4 \<rparr> \<lparr> black := True \<rparr> = p"
+  "p = \<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4, black = True \<rparr> \<longrightarrow>
+     p \<lparr> cy := 4 \<rparr> \<lparr> black := True \<rparr> \<lparr> cx := 3 \<rparr> = p"
+  "p = \<lparr> cx = 3, cy = 4, black = True \<rparr> \<longrightarrow>
+     p \<lparr> black := True \<rparr> \<lparr> cx := 3 \<rparr> \<lparr> cy := 4 \<rparr> = p"
+  using point.simps bw_point.simps
+  by smt+
+
+
+section \<open>Functions\<close>
+
+lemma "\<exists>f. map_option f (Some x) = Some (y + x)"
+  by (smt option.map(2))
+
+lemma
+  "(f (i := v)) i = v"
+  "i1 \<noteq> i2 \<longrightarrow> (f (i1 := v)) i2 = f i2"
+  "i1 \<noteq> i2 \<longrightarrow> (f (i1 := v1, i2 := v2)) i1 = v1"
+  "i1 \<noteq> i2 \<longrightarrow> (f (i1 := v1, i2 := v2)) i2 = v2"
+  "i1 = i2 \<longrightarrow> (f (i1 := v1, i2 := v2)) i1 = v2"
+  "i1 = i2 \<longrightarrow> (f (i1 := v1, i2 := v2)) i1 = v2"
+  "i1 \<noteq> i2 \<and>i1 \<noteq> i3 \<and>  i2 \<noteq> i3 \<longrightarrow> (f (i1 := v1, i2 := v2)) i3 = f i3"
+  using fun_upd_same fun_upd_apply
+  by smt+
+
+
+section \<open>Sets\<close>
+
+lemma Empty: "x \<notin> {}" by simp
+
+lemmas smt_sets = Empty UNIV_I Un_iff Int_iff
+
+lemma
+  "x \<notin> {}"
+  "x \<in> UNIV"
+  "x \<in> A \<union> B \<longleftrightarrow> x \<in> A \<or> x \<in> B"
+  "x \<in> P \<union> {} \<longleftrightarrow> x \<in> P"
+  "x \<in> P \<union> UNIV"
+  "x \<in> P \<union> Q \<longleftrightarrow> x \<in> Q \<union> P"
+  "x \<in> P \<union> P \<longleftrightarrow> x \<in> P"
+  "x \<in> P \<union> (Q \<union> R) \<longleftrightarrow> x \<in> (P \<union> Q) \<union> R"
+  "x \<in> A \<inter> B \<longleftrightarrow> x \<in> A \<and> x \<in> B"
+  "x \<notin> P \<inter> {}"
+  "x \<in> P \<inter> UNIV \<longleftrightarrow> x \<in> P"
+  "x \<in> P \<inter> Q \<longleftrightarrow> x \<in> Q \<inter> P"
+  "x \<in> P \<inter> P \<longleftrightarrow> x \<in> P"
+  "x \<in> P \<inter> (Q \<inter> R) \<longleftrightarrow> x \<in> (P \<inter> Q) \<inter> R"
+  "{x. x \<in> P} = {y. y \<in> P}"
+  by (smt smt_sets)+
+
+end