src/FOL/ex/intro.ML

UNIV now a constant; UNION1, INTER1 now translations and no longer have
separate rules for themselves

(*  Title:      FOL/ex/intro
    ID:         $Id$
    Author:     Lawrence C Paulson, Cambridge University Computer Laboratory
    Copyright   1992  University of Cambridge

Examples for the manual "Introduction to Isabelle"

Derives some inference rules, illustrating the use of definitions

To generate similar output to manual, execute these commands:
    Pretty.setmargin 72; print_depth 0;
*)


(**** Some simple backward proofs ****)

goal FOL.thy "P|P --> P";
by (rtac impI 1);
by (rtac disjE 1);
by (assume_tac 3);
by (assume_tac 2);
by (assume_tac 1);
qed "mythm";

goal FOL.thy "(P & Q) | R  --> (P | R)";
by (rtac impI 1);
by (etac disjE 1);
by (dtac conjunct1 1);
by (rtac disjI1 1);
by (rtac disjI2 2);
by (REPEAT (assume_tac 1));
result();

(*Correct version, delaying use of "spec" until last*)
goal FOL.thy "(ALL x y. P(x,y))  -->  (ALL z w. P(w,z))";
by (rtac impI 1);
by (rtac allI 1);
by (rtac allI 1);
by (dtac spec 1);
by (dtac spec 1);
by (assume_tac 1);
result();


(**** Demonstration of Fast_tac ****)

goal FOL.thy "(EX y. ALL x. J(y,x) <-> ~J(x,x))  \
\       -->  ~ (ALL x. EX y. ALL z. J(z,y) <-> ~ J(z,x))";
by (Fast_tac 1);
result();

goal FOL.thy "ALL x. P(x,f(x)) <-> \
\       (EX y. (ALL z. P(z,y) --> P(z,f(x))) & P(x,y))";
by (Fast_tac 1);
result();


(**** Derivation of conjunction elimination rule ****)

val [major,minor] = goal FOL.thy "[| P&Q;  [| P; Q |] ==> R |] ==> R";
by (rtac minor 1);
by (resolve_tac [major RS conjunct1] 1);
by (resolve_tac [major RS conjunct2] 1);
prth (topthm());
result();


(**** Derived rules involving definitions ****)

(** Derivation of negation introduction **)

val prems = goal FOL.thy "(P ==> False) ==> ~P";
by (rewtac not_def);
by (rtac impI 1);
by (resolve_tac prems 1);
by (assume_tac 1);
result();

val [major,minor] = goal FOL.thy "[| ~P;  P |] ==> R";
by (rtac FalseE 1);
by (rtac mp 1);
by (resolve_tac [rewrite_rule [not_def] major] 1);
by (rtac minor 1);
result();

(*Alternative proof of above result*)
val [major,minor] = goalw FOL.thy [not_def]
    "[| ~P;  P |] ==> R";
by (resolve_tac [minor RS (major RS mp RS FalseE)] 1);
result();

writeln"Reached end of file.";