generalized proof by abstraction,
abstract propositional nnf goals (lets best_tac succeed on very large terms)
(*  Title:      HOL/Import/lazy_seq.ML
    Author:     Sebastian Skalberg, TU Muenchen
Alternative version of lazy sequences.
*)
signature LAZY_SEQ =
sig
    include EXTENDED_SCANNER_SEQ
    (* From LIST *)
    val fromString : string -> string seq
    val @ : 'a seq * 'a seq -> 'a seq
    val hd : 'a seq -> 'a
    val tl : 'a seq -> 'a seq
    val last : 'a seq -> 'a
    val getItem : 'a seq -> ('a * 'a seq) option
    val nth : 'a seq * int -> 'a
    val take : 'a seq * int -> 'a seq
    val drop : 'a seq * int -> 'a seq
    val rev : 'a seq -> 'a seq
    val concat : 'a seq seq -> 'a seq
    val revAppend : 'a seq * 'a seq -> 'a seq
    val app : ('a -> unit) -> 'a seq -> unit
    val map : ('a -> 'b) -> 'a seq -> 'b seq
    val mapPartial : ('a -> 'b option) -> 'a seq -> 'b seq
    val find : ('a -> bool) -> 'a seq -> 'a option
    val filter : ('a -> bool) -> 'a seq -> 'a seq
    val partition : ('a -> bool)
                      -> 'a seq -> 'a seq * 'a seq
    val foldl : ('a * 'b -> 'b) -> 'b -> 'a seq -> 'b
    val foldr : ('a * 'b -> 'b) -> 'b -> 'a seq -> 'b
    val exists : ('a -> bool) -> 'a seq -> bool
    val all : ('a -> bool) -> 'a seq -> bool
    val tabulate : int * (int -> 'a) -> 'a seq
    val collate : ('a * 'a -> order)
                    -> 'a seq * 'a seq -> order 
    (* Miscellaneous *)
    val cycle      : ((unit ->'a seq) -> 'a seq) -> 'a seq
    val iterates   : ('a -> 'a) -> 'a -> 'a seq
    val of_function: (unit -> 'a option) -> 'a seq
    val of_string  : string -> char seq
    val of_instream: TextIO.instream -> char seq
    (* From SEQ *)
    val make: (unit -> ('a * 'a seq) option) -> 'a seq
    val empty: 'a -> 'a seq
    val cons: 'a * 'a seq -> 'a seq
    val single: 'a -> 'a seq
    val try: ('a -> 'b) -> 'a -> 'b seq
    val chop: int * 'a seq -> 'a list * 'a seq
    val list_of: 'a seq -> 'a list
    val of_list: 'a list -> 'a seq
    val mapp: ('a -> 'b) -> 'a seq -> 'b seq -> 'b seq
    val interleave: 'a seq * 'a seq -> 'a seq
    val print: (int -> 'a -> unit) -> int -> 'a seq -> unit
    val it_right : ('a * 'b seq -> 'b seq) -> 'a seq * 'b seq -> 'b seq
    val commute: 'a seq list -> 'a list seq
    val succeed: 'a -> 'a seq
    val fail: 'a -> 'b seq
    val THEN: ('a -> 'b seq) * ('b -> 'c seq) -> 'a -> 'c seq
    val ORELSE: ('a -> 'b seq) * ('a -> 'b seq) -> 'a -> 'b seq
    val APPEND: ('a -> 'b seq) * ('a -> 'b seq) -> 'a -> 'b seq
    val EVERY: ('a -> 'a seq) list -> 'a -> 'a seq
    val FIRST: ('a -> 'b seq) list -> 'a -> 'b seq
    val TRY: ('a -> 'a seq) -> 'a -> 'a seq
    val REPEAT: ('a -> 'a seq) -> 'a -> 'a seq
    val REPEAT1: ('a -> 'a seq) -> 'a -> 'a seq
    val INTERVAL: (int -> 'a -> 'a seq) -> int -> int -> 'a -> 'a seq
    val DETERM: ('a -> 'b seq) -> 'a -> 'b seq
end
structure LazySeq :> LAZY_SEQ =
struct
datatype 'a seq = Seq of ('a * 'a seq) option lazy
exception Empty
fun getItem (Seq s) = Lazy.force s
val pull = getItem
fun make f = Seq (Lazy.lazy f)
fun null s = is_none (getItem s)
local
    fun F n NONE = n
      | F n (SOME(_,s)) = F (n+1) (getItem s)
in
fun length s = F 0 (getItem s)
end
fun s1 @ s2 =
    let
        fun F NONE = getItem s2
          | F (SOME(x,s1')) = SOME(x,F' s1')
        and F' s = make (fn () => F (getItem s))
    in
        F' s1
    end
local
    fun F NONE = raise Empty
      | F (SOME arg) = arg
in
fun hd s = #1 (F (getItem s))
fun tl s = #2 (F (getItem s))
end
local
    fun F x NONE = x
      | F _ (SOME(x,s)) = F x (getItem s)
    fun G NONE = raise Empty
      | G (SOME(x,s)) = F x (getItem s)
in
fun last s = G (getItem s)
end
local
    fun F NONE _ = raise Subscript
      | F (SOME(x,_)) 0 = x
      | F (SOME(_,s)) n = F (getItem s) (n-1)
in
fun nth(s,n) =
    if n < 0
    then raise Subscript
    else F (getItem s) n
end
local
    fun F NONE _ = raise Subscript
      | F (SOME(x,s)) n = SOME(x,F' s (n-1))
    and F' s 0 = Seq (Lazy.value NONE)
      | F' s n = make (fn () => F (getItem s) n)
in
fun take (s,n) =
    if n < 0
    then raise Subscript
    else F' s n
end
fun take_at_most s n = 
    if n <= 0 then [] else
    case getItem s of 
        NONE => []
      | SOME (x,s') => x::(take_at_most s' (n-1))
local
    fun F s 0 = s
      | F NONE _ = raise Subscript
      | F (SOME(_,s)) n = F (getItem s) (n-1)
in
fun drop (s,0) = s
  | drop (s,n) = 
    if n < 0
    then raise Subscript
    else make (fn () => F (getItem s) n)
end
local
    fun F s NONE = s
      | F s (SOME(x,s')) = F (SOME(x, Seq (Lazy.value s))) (getItem s')
in
fun rev s = make (fn () => F NONE (getItem s))
end
local
    fun F s NONE = getItem s
      | F s (SOME(x,s')) = F (Seq (Lazy.value (SOME(x,s)))) (getItem s')
in
fun revAppend (s1,s2) = make (fn () => F s2 (getItem s1))
end
local
    fun F NONE = NONE
      | F (SOME(s1,s2)) =
        let
            fun G NONE = F (getItem s2)
              | G (SOME(x,s)) = SOME(x,make (fn () => G (getItem s)))
        in
            G (getItem s1)
        end
in
fun concat s = make (fn () => F (getItem s))
end
fun app f =
    let
        fun F NONE = ()
          | F (SOME(x,s)) =
            (f x;
             F (getItem s))
    in
        F o getItem
    end
fun map f =
    let
        fun F NONE = NONE
          | F (SOME(x,s)) = SOME(f x,F' s)
        and F' s = make (fn() => F (getItem s))
    in
        F'
    end
fun mapPartial f =
    let
        fun F NONE = NONE
          | F (SOME(x,s)) =
            (case f x of
                 SOME y => SOME(y,F' s)
               | NONE => F (getItem s))
        and F' s = make (fn()=> F (getItem s))
    in
        F'
    end
fun find P =
    let
        fun F NONE = NONE
          | F (SOME(x,s)) =
            if P x
            then SOME x
            else F (getItem s)
    in
        F o getItem
    end
(*fun filter p = mapPartial (fn x => if p x then SOME x else NONE)*)
fun filter P =
    let
        fun F NONE = NONE
          | F (SOME(x,s)) =
            if P x
            then SOME(x,F' s)
            else F (getItem s)
        and F' s = make (fn () => F (getItem s))
    in
        F'
    end
fun partition f s =
    let
        val s' = map (fn x => (x,f x)) s
    in
        (mapPartial (fn (x,true) => SOME x | _ => NONE) s',
         mapPartial (fn (x,false) => SOME x | _ => NONE) s')
    end
fun exists P =
    let
        fun F NONE = false
          | F (SOME(x,s)) = P x orelse F (getItem s)
    in
        F o getItem
    end
fun all P =
    let
        fun F NONE = true
          | F (SOME(x,s)) = P x andalso F (getItem s)
    in
        F o getItem
    end
(*fun tabulate f = map f (iterates (fn x => x + 1) 0)*)
fun tabulate (n,f) =
    let
        fun F n = make (fn () => SOME(f n,F (n+1)))
    in
        F n
    end
fun collate c (s1,s2) =
    let
        fun F NONE _ = LESS
          | F _ NONE = GREATER
          | F (SOME(x,s1)) (SOME(y,s2)) =
            (case c (x,y) of
                 LESS => LESS
               | GREATER => GREATER
               | EQUAL => F' s1 s2)
        and F' s1 s2 = F (getItem s1) (getItem s2)
    in
        F' s1 s2
    end
fun empty  _ = Seq (Lazy.value NONE)
fun single x = Seq(Lazy.value (SOME(x,Seq (Lazy.value NONE))))
fun cons a = Seq(Lazy.value (SOME a))
fun cycle seqfn =
    let
        val knot = Unsynchronized.ref (Seq (Lazy.value NONE))
    in
        knot := seqfn (fn () => !knot);
        !knot
    end
fun iterates f =
    let
        fun F x = make (fn() => SOME(x,F (f x)))
    in
        F
    end
fun interleave (s1,s2) =
    let
        fun F NONE = getItem s2
          | F (SOME(x,s1')) = SOME(x,interleave(s2,s1'))
    in
        make (fn()=> F (getItem s1))
    end
(* val force_all = app ignore *)
local
    fun F NONE = ()
      | F (SOME(x,s)) = F (getItem s)
in
fun force_all s = F (getItem s)
end
fun of_function f =
    let
        fun F () = case f () of
                       SOME x => SOME(x,make F)
                     | NONE => NONE
    in
        make F
    end
local
    fun F [] = NONE
      | F (x::xs) = SOME(x,F' xs)
    and F' xs = make (fn () => F xs)
in
fun of_list xs = F' xs
end
val of_string = of_list o String.explode
fun of_instream is =
    let
        val buffer : char list Unsynchronized.ref = Unsynchronized.ref []
        fun get_input () =
            case !buffer of
                (c::cs) => (buffer:=cs;
                            SOME c)
              | [] => (case String.explode (TextIO.input is) of
                           [] => NONE
                         | (c::cs) => (buffer := cs;
                                       SOME c))
    in
        of_function get_input
    end
local
    fun F k NONE = k []
      | F k (SOME(x,s)) = F (fn xs => k (x::xs)) (getItem s)
in
fun list_of s = F (fn x => x) (getItem s)
end
(* Adapted from seq.ML *)
val succeed = single
fun fail _ = Seq (Lazy.value NONE)
(* fun op THEN (f, g) x = flat (map g (f x)) *)
fun op THEN (f, g) =
    let
        fun F NONE = NONE
          | F (SOME(x,xs)) =
            let
                fun G NONE = F (getItem xs)
                  | G (SOME(y,ys)) = SOME(y,make (fn () => G (getItem ys)))
            in
                G (getItem (g x))
            end
    in
        fn x => make (fn () => F (getItem (f x)))
    end
fun op ORELSE (f, g) x =
    make (fn () =>
             case getItem (f x) of
                 NONE => getItem (g x)
               | some => some)
fun op APPEND (f, g) x =
    let
        fun copy s =
            case getItem s of
                NONE => getItem (g x)
              | SOME(x,xs) => SOME(x,make (fn () => copy xs))
    in
        make (fn () => copy (f x))
    end
fun EVERY fs = fold_rev (curry op THEN) fs succeed
fun FIRST fs = fold_rev (curry op ORELSE) fs fail
fun TRY f x =
    make (fn () =>
             case getItem (f x) of
                 NONE => SOME(x,Seq (Lazy.value NONE))
               | some => some)
fun REPEAT f =
    let
        fun rep qs x =
            case getItem (f x) of
                NONE => SOME(x, make (fn () => repq qs))
              | SOME (x', q) => rep (q :: qs) x'
        and repq [] = NONE
          | repq (q :: qs) =
            case getItem q of
                NONE => repq qs
              | SOME (x, q) => rep (q :: qs) x
    in
     fn x => make (fn () => rep [] x)
    end
fun REPEAT1 f = op THEN (f, REPEAT f);
fun INTERVAL f i =
    let
        fun F j =
            if i > j
            then single
            else op THEN (f j, F (j - 1))
    in F end
fun DETERM f x =
    make (fn () =>
             case getItem (f x) of
                 NONE => NONE
               | SOME (x', _) => SOME(x',Seq (Lazy.value NONE)))
(*partial function as procedure*)
fun try f x =
    make (fn () =>
             case Basics.try f x of
                 SOME y => SOME(y,Seq (Lazy.value NONE))
               | NONE => NONE)
(*functional to print a sequence, up to "count" elements;
  the function prelem should print the element number and also the element*)
fun print prelem count seq =
    let
        fun pr k xq =
            if k > count
            then ()
            else
                case getItem xq of
                    NONE => ()
                  | SOME (x, xq') =>
                    (prelem k x;
                     writeln "";
                     pr (k + 1) xq')
    in
        pr 1 seq
    end
(*accumulating a function over a sequence; this is lazy*)
fun it_right f (xq, yq) =
    let
        fun its s =
            make (fn () =>
                     case getItem s of
                         NONE => getItem yq
                       | SOME (a, s') => getItem(f (a, its s')))
    in
        its xq
    end
(*map over a sequence s1, append the sequence s2*)
fun mapp f s1 s2 =
    let
        fun F NONE = getItem s2
          | F (SOME(x,s1')) = SOME(f x,F' s1')
        and F' s = make (fn () => F (getItem s))
    in
        F' s1
    end
(*turn a list of sequences into a sequence of lists*)
local
    fun F [] = SOME([],Seq (Lazy.value NONE))
      | F (xq :: xqs) =
        case getItem xq of
            NONE => NONE
          | SOME (x, xq') =>
            (case F xqs of
                 NONE => NONE
               | SOME (xs, xsq) =>
                 let
                     fun G s =
                         make (fn () =>
                                  case getItem s of
                                      NONE => F (xq' :: xqs)
                                    | SOME(ys,ysq) => SOME(x::ys,G ysq))
                 in
                     SOME (x :: xs, G xsq)
                 end)
in
fun commute xqs = make (fn () => F xqs)
end
(*the list of the first n elements, paired with rest of sequence;
  if length of list is less than n, then sequence had less than n elements*)
fun chop (n, xq) =
    if n <= 0
    then ([], xq)
    else
        case getItem xq of
            NONE => ([], xq)
          | SOME (x, xq') => apfst (Basics.cons x) (chop (n - 1, xq'))
fun foldl f e s =
    let
        fun F k NONE = k e
          | F k (SOME(x,s)) = F (fn y => k (f(x,y))) (getItem s)
    in
        F (fn x => x) (getItem s)
    end
fun foldr f e s =
    let
        fun F e NONE = e
          | F e (SOME(x,s)) = F (f(x,e)) (getItem s)
    in
        F e (getItem s)
    end
fun fromString s = of_list (explode s)
end
structure LazyScan = Scanner (structure Seq = LazySeq)