(* Author: Alessandro Coglio *)
theory Finite_Lattice
imports Product_Order
begin
text {* A non-empty finite lattice is a complete lattice.
Since types are never empty in Isabelle/HOL,
a type of classes @{class finite} and @{class lattice}
should also have class @{class complete_lattice}.
A type class is defined
that extends classes @{class finite} and @{class lattice}
with the operators @{const bot}, @{const top}, @{const Inf}, and @{const Sup},
along with assumptions that define these operators
in terms of the ones of classes @{class finite} and @{class lattice}.
The resulting class is a subclass of @{class complete_lattice}. *}
class finite_lattice_complete = finite + lattice + bot + top + Inf + Sup +
assumes bot_def: "bot = Inf_fin UNIV"
assumes top_def: "top = Sup_fin UNIV"
assumes Inf_def: "Inf A = Finite_Set.fold inf top A"
assumes Sup_def: "Sup A = Finite_Set.fold sup bot A"
text {* The definitional assumptions
on the operators @{const bot} and @{const top}
of class @{class finite_lattice_complete}
ensure that they yield bottom and top. *}
lemma finite_lattice_complete_bot_least:
"(bot::'a::finite_lattice_complete) \<le> x"
by (auto simp: bot_def intro: Inf_fin.coboundedI)
instance finite_lattice_complete \<subseteq> order_bot
proof qed (auto simp: finite_lattice_complete_bot_least)
lemma finite_lattice_complete_top_greatest:
"(top::'a::finite_lattice_complete) \<ge> x"
by (auto simp: top_def Sup_fin.coboundedI)
instance finite_lattice_complete \<subseteq> order_top
proof qed (auto simp: finite_lattice_complete_top_greatest)
instance finite_lattice_complete \<subseteq> bounded_lattice ..
text {* The definitional assumptions
on the operators @{const Inf} and @{const Sup}
of class @{class finite_lattice_complete}
ensure that they yield infimum and supremum. *}
lemma finite_lattice_complete_Inf_empty:
"Inf {} = (top :: 'a::finite_lattice_complete)"
by (simp add: Inf_def)
lemma finite_lattice_complete_Sup_empty:
"Sup {} = (bot :: 'a::finite_lattice_complete)"
by (simp add: Sup_def)
lemma finite_lattice_complete_Inf_insert:
fixes A :: "'a::finite_lattice_complete set"
shows "Inf (insert x A) = inf x (Inf A)"
proof -
interpret comp_fun_idem "inf :: 'a \<Rightarrow> _" by (fact comp_fun_idem_inf)
show ?thesis by (simp add: Inf_def)
qed
lemma finite_lattice_complete_Sup_insert:
fixes A :: "'a::finite_lattice_complete set"
shows "Sup (insert x A) = sup x (Sup A)"
proof -
interpret comp_fun_idem "sup :: 'a \<Rightarrow> _" by (fact comp_fun_idem_sup)
show ?thesis by (simp add: Sup_def)
qed
lemma finite_lattice_complete_Inf_lower:
"(x::'a::finite_lattice_complete) \<in> A \<Longrightarrow> Inf A \<le> x"
using finite [of A] by (induct A) (auto simp add: finite_lattice_complete_Inf_insert intro: le_infI2)
lemma finite_lattice_complete_Inf_greatest:
"\<forall>x::'a::finite_lattice_complete \<in> A. z \<le> x \<Longrightarrow> z \<le> Inf A"
using finite [of A] by (induct A) (auto simp add: finite_lattice_complete_Inf_empty finite_lattice_complete_Inf_insert)
lemma finite_lattice_complete_Sup_upper:
"(x::'a::finite_lattice_complete) \<in> A \<Longrightarrow> Sup A \<ge> x"
using finite [of A] by (induct A) (auto simp add: finite_lattice_complete_Sup_insert intro: le_supI2)
lemma finite_lattice_complete_Sup_least:
"\<forall>x::'a::finite_lattice_complete \<in> A. z \<ge> x \<Longrightarrow> z \<ge> Sup A"
using finite [of A] by (induct A) (auto simp add: finite_lattice_complete_Sup_empty finite_lattice_complete_Sup_insert)
instance finite_lattice_complete \<subseteq> complete_lattice
proof
qed (auto simp:
finite_lattice_complete_Inf_lower
finite_lattice_complete_Inf_greatest
finite_lattice_complete_Sup_upper
finite_lattice_complete_Sup_least
finite_lattice_complete_Inf_empty
finite_lattice_complete_Sup_empty)
text {* The product of two finite lattices is already a finite lattice. *}
lemma finite_bot_prod:
"(bot :: ('a::finite_lattice_complete \<times> 'b::finite_lattice_complete)) =
Inf_fin UNIV"
by (metis Inf_fin.coboundedI UNIV_I bot.extremum_uniqueI finite_UNIV)
lemma finite_top_prod:
"(top :: ('a::finite_lattice_complete \<times> 'b::finite_lattice_complete)) =
Sup_fin UNIV"
by (metis Sup_fin.coboundedI UNIV_I top.extremum_uniqueI finite_UNIV)
lemma finite_Inf_prod:
"Inf(A :: ('a::finite_lattice_complete \<times> 'b::finite_lattice_complete) set) =
Finite_Set.fold inf top A"
by (metis Inf_fold_inf finite_code)
lemma finite_Sup_prod:
"Sup (A :: ('a::finite_lattice_complete \<times> 'b::finite_lattice_complete) set) =
Finite_Set.fold sup bot A"
by (metis Sup_fold_sup finite_code)
instance prod ::
(finite_lattice_complete, finite_lattice_complete) finite_lattice_complete
proof
qed (auto simp: finite_bot_prod finite_top_prod finite_Inf_prod finite_Sup_prod)
text {* Functions with a finite domain and with a finite lattice as codomain
already form a finite lattice. *}
lemma finite_bot_fun:
"(bot :: ('a::finite \<Rightarrow> 'b::finite_lattice_complete)) = Inf_fin UNIV"
by (metis Inf_UNIV Inf_fin_Inf empty_not_UNIV finite_code)
lemma finite_top_fun:
"(top :: ('a::finite \<Rightarrow> 'b::finite_lattice_complete)) = Sup_fin UNIV"
by (metis Sup_UNIV Sup_fin_Sup empty_not_UNIV finite_code)
lemma finite_Inf_fun:
"Inf (A::('a::finite \<Rightarrow> 'b::finite_lattice_complete) set) =
Finite_Set.fold inf top A"
by (metis Inf_fold_inf finite_code)
lemma finite_Sup_fun:
"Sup (A::('a::finite \<Rightarrow> 'b::finite_lattice_complete) set) =
Finite_Set.fold sup bot A"
by (metis Sup_fold_sup finite_code)
instance "fun" :: (finite, finite_lattice_complete) finite_lattice_complete
proof
qed (auto simp: finite_bot_fun finite_top_fun finite_Inf_fun finite_Sup_fun)
subsection {* Finite Distributive Lattices *}
text {* A finite distributive lattice is a complete lattice
whose @{const inf} and @{const sup} operators
distribute over @{const Sup} and @{const Inf}. *}
class finite_distrib_lattice_complete =
distrib_lattice + finite_lattice_complete
lemma finite_distrib_lattice_complete_sup_Inf:
"sup (x::'a::finite_distrib_lattice_complete) (Inf A) = (INF y:A. sup x y)"
apply (rule finite_induct)
apply (metis finite_code)
apply (metis INF_empty Inf_empty sup_top_right)
apply (metis INF_insert Inf_insert sup_inf_distrib1)
done
lemma finite_distrib_lattice_complete_inf_Sup:
"inf (x::'a::finite_distrib_lattice_complete) (Sup A) = (SUP y:A. inf x y)"
apply (rule finite_induct)
apply (metis finite_code)
apply (metis SUP_empty Sup_empty inf_bot_right)
apply (metis SUP_insert Sup_insert inf_sup_distrib1)
done
instance finite_distrib_lattice_complete \<subseteq> complete_distrib_lattice
proof
qed (auto simp:
finite_distrib_lattice_complete_sup_Inf
finite_distrib_lattice_complete_inf_Sup)
text {* The product of two finite distributive lattices
is already a finite distributive lattice. *}
instance prod ::
(finite_distrib_lattice_complete, finite_distrib_lattice_complete)
finite_distrib_lattice_complete
..
text {* Functions with a finite domain
and with a finite distributive lattice as codomain
already form a finite distributive lattice. *}
instance "fun" ::
(finite, finite_distrib_lattice_complete) finite_distrib_lattice_complete
..
subsection {* Linear Orders *}
text {* A linear order is a distributive lattice.
A type class is defined
that extends class @{class linorder}
with the operators @{const inf} and @{const sup},
along with assumptions that define these operators
in terms of the ones of class @{class linorder}.
The resulting class is a subclass of @{class distrib_lattice}. *}
class linorder_lattice = linorder + inf + sup +
assumes inf_def: "inf x y = (if x \<le> y then x else y)"
assumes sup_def: "sup x y = (if x \<ge> y then x else y)"
text {* The definitional assumptions
on the operators @{const inf} and @{const sup}
of class @{class linorder_lattice}
ensure that they yield infimum and supremum
and that they distribute over each other. *}
lemma linorder_lattice_inf_le1: "inf (x::'a::linorder_lattice) y \<le> x"
unfolding inf_def by (metis (full_types) linorder_linear)
lemma linorder_lattice_inf_le2: "inf (x::'a::linorder_lattice) y \<le> y"
unfolding inf_def by (metis (full_types) linorder_linear)
lemma linorder_lattice_inf_greatest:
"(x::'a::linorder_lattice) \<le> y \<Longrightarrow> x \<le> z \<Longrightarrow> x \<le> inf y z"
unfolding inf_def by (metis (full_types))
lemma linorder_lattice_sup_ge1: "sup (x::'a::linorder_lattice) y \<ge> x"
unfolding sup_def by (metis (full_types) linorder_linear)
lemma linorder_lattice_sup_ge2: "sup (x::'a::linorder_lattice) y \<ge> y"
unfolding sup_def by (metis (full_types) linorder_linear)
lemma linorder_lattice_sup_least:
"(x::'a::linorder_lattice) \<ge> y \<Longrightarrow> x \<ge> z \<Longrightarrow> x \<ge> sup y z"
by (auto simp: sup_def)
lemma linorder_lattice_sup_inf_distrib1:
"sup (x::'a::linorder_lattice) (inf y z) = inf (sup x y) (sup x z)"
by (auto simp: inf_def sup_def)
instance linorder_lattice \<subseteq> distrib_lattice
proof
qed (auto simp:
linorder_lattice_inf_le1
linorder_lattice_inf_le2
linorder_lattice_inf_greatest
linorder_lattice_sup_ge1
linorder_lattice_sup_ge2
linorder_lattice_sup_least
linorder_lattice_sup_inf_distrib1)
subsection {* Finite Linear Orders *}
text {* A (non-empty) finite linear order is a complete linear order. *}
class finite_linorder_complete = linorder_lattice + finite_lattice_complete
instance finite_linorder_complete \<subseteq> complete_linorder ..
text {* A (non-empty) finite linear order is a complete lattice
whose @{const inf} and @{const sup} operators
distribute over @{const Sup} and @{const Inf}. *}
instance finite_linorder_complete \<subseteq> finite_distrib_lattice_complete ..
end