always use patchelf on Linux: base-line is Ubuntu 18.04 where that works properly (see also e79294c4230c);

--- a/src/Pure/Admin/component_polyml.scala	Sat Jan 20 13:24:26 2024 +0100
+++ b/src/Pure/Admin/component_polyml.scala	Sat Jan 20 13:31:07 2024 +0100
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@
       platform_info.getOrElse(platform.os_name,
         error("Bad OS platform: " + quote(platform.os_name)))
 
-    if (platform.is_linux) Isabelle_System.require_command("chrpath")
+    if (platform.is_linux) Isabelle_System.require_command("patchelf")
 
 
     /* bash */

--- a/src/Pure/Admin/component_zipperposition.scala	Sat Jan 20 13:24:26 2024 +0100
+++ b/src/Pure/Admin/component_zipperposition.scala	Sat Jan 20 13:31:07 2024 +0100
@@ -60,8 +60,7 @@
       Isabelle_System.copy_file(build_dir + Path.basic("bin") + prg_path, platform_dir + exe_path)
 
       if (!Platform.is_windows) {
-        Executable.libraries_closure(
-          platform_dir + exe_path, filter = Set("libgmp"), patchelf = true)
+        Executable.libraries_closure(platform_dir + exe_path, filter = Set("libgmp"))
       }
 
 

--- a/src/Pure/System/executable.scala	Sat Jan 20 13:24:26 2024 +0100
+++ b/src/Pure/System/executable.scala	Sat Jan 20 13:31:07 2024 +0100
@@ -10,8 +10,7 @@
 object Executable {
   def libraries_closure(path: Path,
     mingw: MinGW = MinGW.none,
-    filter: String => Boolean = _ => true,
-    patchelf: Boolean = false
+    filter: String => Boolean = _ => true
   ): List[String] = {
     val exe_path = path.expand
     val exe_dir = exe_path.dir
@@ -50,16 +49,8 @@
       libs.foreach(lib => Isabelle_System.copy_file(Path.explode(lib), exe_dir))
 
       if (Platform.is_linux) {
-        if (patchelf) {
-          // requires e.g. Ubuntu 18.04 LTS
-          Isabelle_System.require_command("patchelf")
-          Isabelle_System.bash("patchelf --force-rpath --set-rpath '$ORIGIN' " + File.bash_path(exe_path)).check
-        }
-        else {
-          // requires e.g. LDFLAGS=-Wl,-rpath,_DUMMY_
-          Isabelle_System.require_command("chrpath")
-          Isabelle_System.bash("chrpath -r '$ORIGIN' " + File.bash_path(exe_path)).check
-        }
+        Isabelle_System.require_command("patchelf")
+        Isabelle_System.bash("patchelf --force-rpath --set-rpath '$ORIGIN' " + File.bash_path(exe_path)).check
       }
       else if (Platform.is_macos) {
         val script =