doc-src/TutorialI/Misc/Option2.thy
author wenzelm
Fri, 16 Apr 2010 21:28:09 +0200
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(*<*)
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theory Option2 imports Main begin
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hide_const None Some
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hide_type option
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(*>*)
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text{*\indexbold{*option (type)}\indexbold{*None (constant)}%
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\indexbold{*Some (constant)}
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Our final datatype is very simple but still eminently useful:
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*}
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datatype 'a option = None | Some 'a;
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text{*\noindent
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Frequently one needs to add a distinguished element to some existing type.
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For example, type @{text"t option"} can model the result of a computation that
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may either terminate with an error (represented by @{const None}) or return
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some value @{term v} (represented by @{term"Some v"}).
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Similarly, @{typ nat} extended with $\infty$ can be modeled by type
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@{typ"nat option"}. In both cases one could define a new datatype with
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customized constructors like @{term Error} and @{term Infinity},
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but it is often simpler to use @{text option}. For an application see
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\S\ref{sec:Trie}.
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*}
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(*<*)
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(*
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definition infplus :: "nat option \<Rightarrow> nat option \<Rightarrow> nat option" where
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"infplus x y \<equiv> case x of None \<Rightarrow> None
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               | Some m \<Rightarrow> (case y of None \<Rightarrow> None | Some n \<Rightarrow> Some(m+n))"
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*)
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end
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(*>*)