src/FOLP/ex/Nat.thy
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(*  Title:      FOLP/ex/Nat.thy
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    Author:     Lawrence C Paulson, Cambridge University Computer Laboratory
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    Copyright   1992  University of Cambridge
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*)
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section \<open>Theory of the natural numbers: Peano's axioms, primitive recursion\<close>
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theory Nat
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imports FOLP
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begin
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typedecl nat
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instance nat :: "term" ..
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axiomatization
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  Zero :: nat    ("0") and
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  Suc :: "nat => nat" and
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  rec :: "[nat, 'a, [nat, 'a] => 'a] => 'a" and
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  (*Proof terms*)
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  nrec :: "[nat, p, [nat, p] => p] => p" and
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  ninj :: "p => p" and
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  nneq :: "p => p" and
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  rec0 :: "p" and
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  recSuc :: "p"
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where
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  induct:     "[| b:P(0); !!x u. u:P(x) ==> c(x,u):P(Suc(x))
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              |] ==> nrec(n,b,c):P(n)" and
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  Suc_inject: "p:Suc(m)=Suc(n) ==> ninj(p) : m=n" and
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  Suc_neq_0:  "p:Suc(m)=0      ==> nneq(p) : R" and
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  rec_0:      "rec0 : rec(0,a,f) = a" and
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  rec_Suc:    "recSuc : rec(Suc(m), a, f) = f(m, rec(m,a,f))" and
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  nrecB0:     "b: A ==> nrec(0,b,c) = b : A" and
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  nrecBSuc:   "c(n,nrec(n,b,c)) : A ==> nrec(Suc(n),b,c) = c(n,nrec(n,b,c)) : A"
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definition add :: "[nat, nat] => nat"    (infixl "+" 60)
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  where "m + n == rec(m, n, %x y. Suc(y))"
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subsection \<open>Proofs about the natural numbers\<close>
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schematic_goal Suc_n_not_n: "?p : ~ (Suc(k) = k)"
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apply (rule_tac n = k in induct)
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apply (rule notI)
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apply (erule Suc_neq_0)
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apply (rule notI)
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apply (erule notE)
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apply (erule Suc_inject)
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done
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schematic_goal "?p : (k+m)+n = k+(m+n)"
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apply (rule induct)
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back
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back
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back
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back
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back
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back
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oops
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schematic_goal add_0 [simp]: "?p : 0+n = n"
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apply (unfold add_def)
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apply (rule rec_0)
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done
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schematic_goal add_Suc [simp]: "?p : Suc(m)+n = Suc(m+n)"
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apply (unfold add_def)
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apply (rule rec_Suc)
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done
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schematic_goal Suc_cong: "p : x = y \<Longrightarrow> ?p : Suc(x) = Suc(y)"
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  apply (erule subst)
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  apply (rule refl)
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  done
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schematic_goal Plus_cong: "[| p : a = x;  q: b = y |] ==> ?p : a + b = x + y"
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  apply (erule subst, erule subst, rule refl)
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  done
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lemmas nat_congs = Suc_cong Plus_cong
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ML \<open>
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  val add_ss =
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    FOLP_ss addcongs @{thms nat_congs}
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    |> fold (addrew @{context}) @{thms add_0 add_Suc}
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\<close>
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schematic_goal add_assoc: "?p : (k+m)+n = k+(m+n)"
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apply (rule_tac n = k in induct)
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apply (tactic \<open>SIMP_TAC @{context} add_ss 1\<close>)
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apply (tactic \<open>ASM_SIMP_TAC @{context} add_ss 1\<close>)
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done
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schematic_goal add_0_right: "?p : m+0 = m"
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apply (rule_tac n = m in induct)
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apply (tactic \<open>SIMP_TAC @{context} add_ss 1\<close>)
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apply (tactic \<open>ASM_SIMP_TAC @{context} add_ss 1\<close>)
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done
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schematic_goal add_Suc_right: "?p : m+Suc(n) = Suc(m+n)"
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apply (rule_tac n = m in induct)
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apply (tactic \<open>ALLGOALS (ASM_SIMP_TAC @{context} add_ss)\<close>)
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done
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(*mk_typed_congs appears not to work with FOLP's version of subst*)
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end