src/HOL/Auth/WooLam.ML
author paulson
Mon, 14 Jul 1997 12:47:21 +0200
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child 3683 aafe719dff14
permissions -rw-r--r--
Changing "lost" from a parameter of protocol definitions to a constant. Advantages: no "lost" argument everywhere; fewer Vars in subgoals; less need for specially instantiated rules Disadvantage: can no longer prove "Agent_not_see_encrypted_key", but this theorem was never used, and its original proof was also broken the introduction of the "Notes" constructor.
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(*  Title:      HOL/Auth/WooLam
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    ID:         $Id$
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    Author:     Lawrence C Paulson, Cambridge University Computer Laboratory
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    Copyright   1996  University of Cambridge
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Inductive relation "woolam" for the Woo-Lam protocol.
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Simplified version from page 11 of
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  Abadi and Needham.  Prudent Engineering Practice for Cryptographic Protocols.
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  IEEE Trans. S.E. 22(1), 1996, pages 6-15.
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*)
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open WooLam;
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proof_timing:=true;
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HOL_quantifiers := false;
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(*A "possibility property": there are traces that reach the end*)
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goal thy 
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 "!!A B. [| A ~= B; A ~= Server; B ~= Server |]   \
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\        ==> EX NB. EX evs: woolam.               \
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\              Says Server B (Crypt (shrK B) {|Agent A, Nonce NB|}) : set evs";
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by (REPEAT (resolve_tac [exI,bexI] 1));
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by (rtac (woolam.Nil RS woolam.WL1 RS woolam.WL2 RS woolam.WL3 RS 
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          woolam.WL4 RS woolam.WL5) 2);
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by possibility_tac;
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result();
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(**** Inductive proofs about woolam ****)
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(*Nobody sends themselves messages*)
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goal thy "!!evs. evs : woolam ==> ALL A X. Says A A X ~: set evs";
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by (etac woolam.induct 1);
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by (Auto_tac());
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qed_spec_mp "not_Says_to_self";
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Addsimps [not_Says_to_self];
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AddSEs   [not_Says_to_self RSN (2, rev_notE)];
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(** For reasoning about the encrypted portion of messages **)
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goal thy "!!evs. Says A' B X : set evs ==> X : analz (sees Spy evs)";
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by (etac (Says_imp_sees_Spy RS analz.Inj) 1);
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qed "WL4_analz_sees_Spy";
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bind_thm ("WL4_parts_sees_Spy",
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          WL4_analz_sees_Spy RS (impOfSubs analz_subset_parts));
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(*For proving the easier theorems about X ~: parts (sees Spy evs) *)
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fun parts_induct_tac i = 
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    etac woolam.induct i  THEN 
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    forward_tac [WL4_parts_sees_Spy] (i+5)  THEN
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    prove_simple_subgoals_tac 1;
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(** Theorems of the form X ~: parts (sees Spy evs) imply that NOBODY
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    sends messages containing X! **)
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(*Spy never sees another agent's shared key! (unless it's lost at start)*)
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goal thy 
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 "!!evs. evs : woolam ==> (Key (shrK A) : parts (sees Spy evs)) = (A : lost)";
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by (parts_induct_tac 1);
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by (Fake_parts_insert_tac 1);
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qed "Spy_see_shrK";
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Addsimps [Spy_see_shrK];
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goal thy 
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 "!!evs. evs : woolam ==> (Key (shrK A) : analz (sees Spy evs)) = (A : lost)";
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by (auto_tac(!claset addDs [impOfSubs analz_subset_parts], !simpset));
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qed "Spy_analz_shrK";
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Addsimps [Spy_analz_shrK];
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goal thy  "!!A. [| Key (shrK A) : parts (sees Spy evs);       \
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\                  evs : woolam |] ==> A:lost";
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by (blast_tac (!claset addDs [Spy_see_shrK]) 1);
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qed "Spy_see_shrK_D";
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bind_thm ("Spy_analz_shrK_D", analz_subset_parts RS subsetD RS Spy_see_shrK_D);
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AddSDs [Spy_see_shrK_D, Spy_analz_shrK_D];
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(**** Autheticity properties for Woo-Lam ****)
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(*** WL4 ***)
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(*If the encrypted message appears then it originated with Alice*)
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goal thy 
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 "!!evs. [| A ~: lost;  evs : woolam |]                        \
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\        ==> Crypt (shrK A) (Nonce NB) : parts (sees Spy evs)  \
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\            --> (EX B. Says A B (Crypt (shrK A) (Nonce NB)) : set evs)";
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by (parts_induct_tac 1);
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by (Fake_parts_insert_tac 1);
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by (Blast_tac 1);
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qed_spec_mp "NB_Crypt_imp_Alice_msg";
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(*Guarantee for Server: if it gets a message containing a certificate from 
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  Alice, then she originated that certificate.  But we DO NOT know that B
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  ever saw it: the Spy may have rerouted the message to the Server.*)
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goal thy 
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 "!!evs. [| A ~: lost;  evs : woolam;                      \
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\           Says B' Server {|Agent A, Agent B, Crypt (shrK A) (Nonce NB)|} \
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\            : set evs |]                                  \
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\        ==> EX B. Says A B (Crypt (shrK A) (Nonce NB)) : set evs";
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by (blast_tac (!claset addSIs [NB_Crypt_imp_Alice_msg]
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                      addSEs [MPair_parts]
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                      addDs  [Says_imp_sees_Spy RS parts.Inj]) 1);
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qed "Server_trusts_WL4";
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(*** WL5 ***)
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(*Server sent WL5 only if it received the right sort of message*)
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goal thy 
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 "!!evs. evs : woolam ==>                                                   \
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\        Says Server B (Crypt (shrK B) {|Agent A, NB|}) : set evs           \
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\        --> (EX B'. Says B' Server {|Agent A, Agent B, Crypt (shrK A) NB|} \
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\               : set evs)";
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by (parts_induct_tac 1);
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by (Fake_parts_insert_tac 1);
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by (ALLGOALS Blast_tac);
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bind_thm ("Server_sent_WL5", result() RSN (2, rev_mp));
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(*If the encrypted message appears then it originated with the Server!*)
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goal thy 
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 "!!evs. [| B ~: lost;  evs : woolam |]                             \
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\        ==> Crypt (shrK B) {|Agent A, NB|} : parts (sees Spy evs)  \
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\        --> Says Server B (Crypt (shrK B) {|Agent A, NB|}) : set evs";
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by (parts_induct_tac 1);
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by (Fake_parts_insert_tac 1);
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qed_spec_mp "NB_Crypt_imp_Server_msg";
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(*Partial guarantee for B: if it gets a message of correct form then the Server
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  sent the same message.*)
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goal thy 
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 "!!evs. [| Says S B (Crypt (shrK B) {|Agent A, NB|}) : set evs;         \
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\           B ~: lost;  evs : woolam |]                                  \
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\        ==> Says Server B (Crypt (shrK B) {|Agent A, NB|}) : set evs";
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by (blast_tac (!claset addSIs [NB_Crypt_imp_Server_msg]
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                      addDs  [Says_imp_sees_Spy RS parts.Inj]) 1);
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qed "B_got_WL5";
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(*Guarantee for B.  If B gets the Server's certificate then A has encrypted
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  the nonce using her key.  This event can be no older than the nonce itself.
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  But A may have sent the nonce to some other agent and it could have reached
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  the Server via the Spy.*)
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goal thy 
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 "!!evs. [| Says S B (Crypt (shrK B) {|Agent A, Nonce NB|}): set evs; \
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\           A ~: lost;  B ~: lost;  evs : woolam  |]                  \
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\        ==> EX B. Says A B (Crypt (shrK A) (Nonce NB)) : set evs";
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by (blast_tac (!claset addIs  [Server_trusts_WL4]
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                      addSDs [B_got_WL5 RS Server_sent_WL5]) 1);
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qed "B_trusts_WL5";
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(*B only issues challenges in response to WL1.  Useful??*)
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goal thy 
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 "!!evs. [| B ~= Spy;  evs : woolam |]        \
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\    ==> Says B A (Nonce NB) : set evs        \
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\        --> (EX A'. Says A' B (Agent A) : set evs)";
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by (parts_induct_tac 1);
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by (Fake_parts_insert_tac 1);
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by (ALLGOALS Blast_tac);
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bind_thm ("B_said_WL2", result() RSN (2, rev_mp));
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(**CANNOT be proved because A doesn't know where challenges come from...
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goal thy 
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 "!!evs. [| A ~: lost;  B ~= Spy;  evs : woolam |]           \
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\    ==> Crypt (shrK A) (Nonce NB) : parts (sees Spy evs) &  \
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\        Says B A (Nonce NB) : set evs                       \
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\        --> Says A B (Crypt (shrK A) (Nonce NB)) : set evs";
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by (parts_induct_tac 1);
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by (Fake_parts_insert_tac 1);
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by (Step_tac 1);
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by (blast_tac (!claset addSEs partsEs) 1);
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**)