| 
27035
 | 
     1  | 
%
  | 
| 
 | 
     2  | 
\begin{isabellebody}%
 | 
| 
 | 
     3  | 
\def\isabellecontext{Introduction}%
 | 
| 
 | 
     4  | 
%
  | 
| 
 | 
     5  | 
\isadelimtheory
  | 
| 
 | 
     6  | 
%
  | 
| 
 | 
     7  | 
\endisadelimtheory
  | 
| 
 | 
     8  | 
%
  | 
| 
 | 
     9  | 
\isatagtheory
  | 
| 
 | 
    10  | 
\isacommand{theory}\isamarkupfalse%
 | 
| 
 | 
    11  | 
\ Introduction\isanewline
  | 
| 
27052
 | 
    12  | 
\isakeyword{imports}\ Main\isanewline
 | 
| 
27035
 | 
    13  | 
\isakeyword{begin}%
 | 
| 
 | 
    14  | 
\endisatagtheory
  | 
| 
 | 
    15  | 
{\isafoldtheory}%
 | 
| 
 | 
    16  | 
%
  | 
| 
 | 
    17  | 
\isadelimtheory
  | 
| 
 | 
    18  | 
%
  | 
| 
 | 
    19  | 
\endisadelimtheory
  | 
| 
 | 
    20  | 
%
  | 
| 
 | 
    21  | 
\isamarkupchapter{Introduction%
 | 
| 
 | 
    22  | 
}
  | 
| 
 | 
    23  | 
\isamarkuptrue%
  | 
| 
 | 
    24  | 
%
  | 
| 
 | 
    25  | 
\isamarkupsection{Overview%
 | 
| 
 | 
    26  | 
}
  | 
| 
 | 
    27  | 
\isamarkuptrue%
  | 
| 
 | 
    28  | 
%
  | 
| 
 | 
    29  | 
\begin{isamarkuptext}%
 | 
| 
 | 
    30  | 
The \emph{Isabelle} system essentially provides a generic
 | 
| 
 | 
    31  | 
  infrastructure for building deductive systems (programmed in
  | 
| 
 | 
    32  | 
  Standard ML), with a special focus on interactive theorem proving in
  | 
| 
29746
 | 
    33  | 
  higher-order logics.  Many years ago, even end-users would refer to
  | 
| 
 | 
    34  | 
  certain ML functions (goal commands, tactics, tacticals etc.) to
  | 
| 
 | 
    35  | 
  pursue their everyday theorem proving tasks.
  | 
| 
27035
 | 
    36  | 
  
  | 
| 
 | 
    37  | 
  In contrast \emph{Isar} provides an interpreted language environment
 | 
| 
 | 
    38  | 
  of its own, which has been specifically tailored for the needs of
  | 
| 
 | 
    39  | 
  theory and proof development.  Compared to raw ML, the Isabelle/Isar
  | 
| 
 | 
    40  | 
  top-level provides a more robust and comfortable development
  | 
| 
29746
 | 
    41  | 
  platform, with proper support for theory development graphs, managed
  | 
| 
 | 
    42  | 
  transactions with unlimited undo etc.  The Isabelle/Isar version of
  | 
| 
 | 
    43  | 
  the \emph{Proof~General} user interface
 | 
| 
 | 
    44  | 
  \cite{proofgeneral,Aspinall:TACAS:2000} provides a decent front-end
 | 
| 
 | 
    45  | 
  for interactive theory and proof development in this advanced
  | 
| 
 | 
    46  | 
  theorem proving environment, even though it is somewhat biased
  | 
| 
 | 
    47  | 
  towards old-style proof scripts.
  | 
| 
27035
 | 
    48  | 
  | 
| 
 | 
    49  | 
  \medskip Apart from the technical advances over bare-bones ML
  | 
| 
 | 
    50  | 
  programming, the main purpose of the Isar language is to provide a
  | 
| 
 | 
    51  | 
  conceptually different view on machine-checked proofs
  | 
| 
29746
 | 
    52  | 
  \cite{Wenzel:1999:TPHOL,Wenzel-PhD}.  \emph{Isar} stands for
 | 
| 
 | 
    53  | 
  \emph{Intelligible semi-automated reasoning}.  Drawing from both the
 | 
| 
27035
 | 
    54  | 
  traditions of informal mathematical proof texts and high-level
  | 
| 
 | 
    55  | 
  programming languages, Isar offers a versatile environment for
  | 
| 
 | 
    56  | 
  structured formal proof documents.  Thus properly written Isar
  | 
| 
 | 
    57  | 
  proofs become accessible to a broader audience than unstructured
  | 
| 
 | 
    58  | 
  tactic scripts (which typically only provide operational information
  | 
| 
 | 
    59  | 
  for the machine).  Writing human-readable proof texts certainly
  | 
| 
 | 
    60  | 
  requires some additional efforts by the writer to achieve a good
  | 
| 
 | 
    61  | 
  presentation, both of formal and informal parts of the text.  On the
  | 
| 
 | 
    62  | 
  other hand, human-readable formal texts gain some value in their own
  | 
| 
 | 
    63  | 
  right, independently of the mechanic proof-checking process.
  | 
| 
 | 
    64  | 
  | 
| 
 | 
    65  | 
  Despite its grand design of structured proof texts, Isar is able to
  | 
| 
 | 
    66  | 
  assimilate the old tactical style as an ``improper'' sub-language.
  | 
| 
 | 
    67  | 
  This provides an easy upgrade path for existing tactic scripts, as
  | 
| 
29746
 | 
    68  | 
  well as some means for interactive experimentation and debugging of
  | 
| 
 | 
    69  | 
  structured proofs.  Isabelle/Isar supports a broad range of proof
  | 
| 
 | 
    70  | 
  styles, both readable and unreadable ones.
  | 
| 
27035
 | 
    71  | 
  | 
| 
29717
 | 
    72  | 
  \medskip The generic Isabelle/Isar framework (see
  | 
| 
29746
 | 
    73  | 
  \chref{ch:isar-framework}) works reasonably well for any Isabelle
 | 
| 
 | 
    74  | 
  object-logic that conforms to the natural deduction view of the
  | 
| 
 | 
    75  | 
  Isabelle/Pure framework.  Specific language elements introduced by
  | 
| 
 | 
    76  | 
  the major object-logics are described in \chref{ch:hol}
 | 
| 
27057
 | 
    77  | 
  (Isabelle/HOL), \chref{ch:holcf} (Isabelle/HOLCF), and \chref{ch:zf}
 | 
| 
 | 
    78  | 
  (Isabelle/ZF).  The main language elements are already provided by
  | 
| 
 | 
    79  | 
  the Isabelle/Pure framework. Nevertheless, examples given in the
  | 
| 
 | 
    80  | 
  generic parts will usually refer to Isabelle/HOL as well.
  | 
| 
27042
 | 
    81  | 
  | 
| 
 | 
    82  | 
  \medskip Isar commands may be either \emph{proper} document
 | 
| 
 | 
    83  | 
  constructors, or \emph{improper commands}.  Some proof methods and
 | 
| 
 | 
    84  | 
  attributes introduced later are classified as improper as well.
  | 
| 
40406
 | 
    85  | 
  Improper Isar language elements, which are marked by ``\isa{{\isaliteral{22}{\isachardoublequote}}\isaliteral{5C3C5E7375703E}{}\isactrlsup {\isaliteral{2A}{\isacharasterisk}}{\isaliteral{22}{\isachardoublequote}}}'' in the subsequent chapters; they are often helpful
 | 
| 
27042
 | 
    86  | 
  when developing proof documents, but their use is discouraged for
  | 
| 
 | 
    87  | 
  the final human-readable outcome.  Typical examples are diagnostic
  | 
| 
 | 
    88  | 
  commands that print terms or theorems according to the current
  | 
| 
 | 
    89  | 
  context; other commands emulate old-style tactical theorem proving.%
  | 
| 
27035
 | 
    90  | 
\end{isamarkuptext}%
 | 
| 
 | 
    91  | 
\isamarkuptrue%
  | 
| 
 | 
    92  | 
%
  | 
| 
 | 
    93  | 
\isadelimtheory
  | 
| 
 | 
    94  | 
%
  | 
| 
 | 
    95  | 
\endisadelimtheory
  | 
| 
 | 
    96  | 
%
  | 
| 
 | 
    97  | 
\isatagtheory
  | 
| 
 | 
    98  | 
\isacommand{end}\isamarkupfalse%
 | 
| 
 | 
    99  | 
%
  | 
| 
 | 
   100  | 
\endisatagtheory
  | 
| 
 | 
   101  | 
{\isafoldtheory}%
 | 
| 
 | 
   102  | 
%
  | 
| 
 | 
   103  | 
\isadelimtheory
  | 
| 
 | 
   104  | 
%
  | 
| 
 | 
   105  | 
\endisadelimtheory
  | 
| 
 | 
   106  | 
\isanewline
  | 
| 
 | 
   107  | 
\end{isabellebody}%
 | 
| 
 | 
   108  | 
%%% Local Variables:
  | 
| 
 | 
   109  | 
%%% mode: latex
  | 
| 
 | 
   110  | 
%%% TeX-master: "root"
  | 
| 
 | 
   111  | 
%%% End:
  |