src/Pure/Isar/toplevel.ML

more cartouche examples, including uniform nesting of sub-languages;

(*  Title:      Pure/Isar/toplevel.ML
    Author:     Markus Wenzel, TU Muenchen

Isabelle/Isar toplevel transactions.
*)

signature TOPLEVEL =
sig
  exception UNDEF
  type state
  val toplevel: state
  val is_toplevel: state -> bool
  val is_theory: state -> bool
  val is_proof: state -> bool
  val is_skipped_proof: state -> bool
  val level: state -> int
  val presentation_context_of: state -> Proof.context
  val previous_context_of: state -> Proof.context option
  val context_of: state -> Proof.context
  val generic_theory_of: state -> generic_theory
  val theory_of: state -> theory
  val proof_of: state -> Proof.state
  val proof_position_of: state -> int
  val end_theory: Position.T -> state -> theory
  val print_state_context: state -> unit
  val print_state: bool -> state -> unit
  val pretty_abstract: state -> Pretty.T
  val quiet: bool Unsynchronized.ref
  val interact: bool Unsynchronized.ref
  val timing: bool Unsynchronized.ref
  val profiling: int Unsynchronized.ref
  val debug: bool Unsynchronized.ref
  val debugging: ('a -> 'b) -> 'a -> 'b
  val controlled_execution: ('a -> 'b) -> 'a -> 'b
  val program: (unit -> 'a) -> 'a
  val thread: bool -> (unit -> unit) -> Thread.thread
  type transition
  val empty: transition
  val print_of: transition -> bool
  val name_of: transition -> string
  val pos_of: transition -> Position.T
  val name: string -> transition -> transition
  val position: Position.T -> transition -> transition
  val interactive: bool -> transition -> transition
  val set_print: bool -> transition -> transition
  val print: transition -> transition
  val init_theory: (unit -> theory) -> transition -> transition
  val is_init: transition -> bool
  val modify_init: (unit -> theory) -> transition -> transition
  val exit: transition -> transition
  val keep: (state -> unit) -> transition -> transition
  val keep': (bool -> state -> unit) -> transition -> transition
  val imperative: (unit -> unit) -> transition -> transition
  val ignored: Position.T -> transition
  val is_ignored: transition -> bool
  val malformed: Position.T -> string -> transition
  val is_malformed: transition -> bool
  val generic_theory: (generic_theory -> generic_theory) -> transition -> transition
  val theory': (bool -> theory -> theory) -> transition -> transition
  val theory: (theory -> theory) -> transition -> transition
  val begin_local_theory: bool -> (theory -> local_theory) -> transition -> transition
  val end_local_theory: transition -> transition
  val open_target: (generic_theory -> local_theory) -> transition -> transition
  val close_target: transition -> transition
  val local_theory': (xstring * Position.T) option -> (bool -> local_theory -> local_theory) ->
    transition -> transition
  val local_theory: (xstring * Position.T) option -> (local_theory -> local_theory) ->
    transition -> transition
  val present_local_theory: (xstring * Position.T) option -> (state -> unit) ->
    transition -> transition
  val local_theory_to_proof': (xstring * Position.T) option ->
    (bool -> local_theory -> Proof.state) -> transition -> transition
  val local_theory_to_proof: (xstring * Position.T) option ->
    (local_theory -> Proof.state) -> transition -> transition
  val theory_to_proof: (theory -> Proof.state) -> transition -> transition
  val end_proof: (bool -> Proof.state -> Proof.context) -> transition -> transition
  val forget_proof: transition -> transition
  val present_proof: (state -> unit) -> transition -> transition
  val proofs': (bool -> Proof.state -> Proof.state Seq.result Seq.seq) -> transition -> transition
  val proof': (bool -> Proof.state -> Proof.state) -> transition -> transition
  val proofs: (Proof.state -> Proof.state Seq.result Seq.seq) -> transition -> transition
  val proof: (Proof.state -> Proof.state) -> transition -> transition
  val actual_proof: (Proof_Node.T -> Proof_Node.T) -> transition -> transition
  val skip_proof: (int -> int) -> transition -> transition
  val skip_proof_to_theory: (int -> bool) -> transition -> transition
  val exec_id: Document_ID.exec -> transition -> transition
  val unknown_theory: transition -> transition
  val unknown_proof: transition -> transition
  val unknown_context: transition -> transition
  val setmp_thread_position: transition -> ('a -> 'b) -> 'a -> 'b
  val add_hook: (transition -> state -> state -> unit) -> unit
  val get_timing: transition -> Time.time option
  val put_timing: Time.time option -> transition -> transition
  val transition: bool -> transition -> state -> (state * (exn * string) option) option
  val command_errors: bool -> transition -> state -> Runtime.error list * state option
  val command_exception: bool -> transition -> state -> state
  type result
  val join_results: result -> (transition * state) list
  val element_result: transition Thy_Syntax.element -> state -> result * state
end;

structure Toplevel: TOPLEVEL =
struct

(** toplevel state **)

exception UNDEF = Runtime.UNDEF;


(* local theory wrappers *)

val loc_init = Named_Target.context_cmd;
val loc_exit = Local_Theory.assert_bottom true #> Local_Theory.exit_global;

fun loc_begin loc (Context.Theory thy) =
      (Context.Theory o loc_exit, loc_init (the_default ("-", Position.none) loc) thy)
  | loc_begin NONE (Context.Proof lthy) =
      (Context.Proof o Local_Theory.restore, lthy)
  | loc_begin (SOME loc) (Context.Proof lthy) =
      (Context.Proof o Named_Target.reinit lthy, loc_init loc (loc_exit (Local_Theory.assert_nonbrittle lthy)));


(* datatype node *)

datatype node =
  Theory of generic_theory * Proof.context option
    (*theory with presentation context*) |
  Proof of Proof_Node.T * ((Proof.context -> generic_theory) * generic_theory)
    (*proof node, finish, original theory*) |
  Skipped_Proof of int * (generic_theory * generic_theory);
    (*proof depth, resulting theory, original theory*)

val theory_node = fn Theory (gthy, _) => SOME gthy | _ => NONE;
val proof_node = fn Proof (prf, _) => SOME prf | _ => NONE;
val skipped_proof_node = fn Skipped_Proof _ => true | _ => false;

fun cases_node f _ (Theory (gthy, _)) = f gthy
  | cases_node _ g (Proof (prf, _)) = g (Proof_Node.current prf)
  | cases_node f _ (Skipped_Proof (_, (gthy, _))) = f gthy;

val context_node = cases_node Context.proof_of Proof.context_of;


(* datatype state *)

datatype state = State of node option * node option;  (*current, previous*)

val toplevel = State (NONE, NONE);

fun is_toplevel (State (NONE, _)) = true
  | is_toplevel _ = false;

fun level (State (NONE, _)) = 0
  | level (State (SOME (Theory _), _)) = 0
  | level (State (SOME (Proof (prf, _)), _)) = Proof.level (Proof_Node.current prf)
  | level (State (SOME (Skipped_Proof (d, _)), _)) = d + 1;   (*different notion of proof depth!*)

fun str_of_state (State (NONE, SOME (Theory (Context.Theory thy, _)))) =
      "at top level, result theory " ^ quote (Context.theory_name thy)
  | str_of_state (State (NONE, _)) = "at top level"
  | str_of_state (State (SOME (Theory (Context.Theory _, _)), _)) = "in theory mode"
  | str_of_state (State (SOME (Theory (Context.Proof _, _)), _)) = "in local theory mode"
  | str_of_state (State (SOME (Proof _), _)) = "in proof mode"
  | str_of_state (State (SOME (Skipped_Proof _), _)) = "in skipped proof mode";


(* current node *)

fun node_of (State (NONE, _)) = raise UNDEF
  | node_of (State (SOME node, _)) = node;

fun is_theory state = not (is_toplevel state) andalso is_some (theory_node (node_of state));
fun is_proof state = not (is_toplevel state) andalso is_some (proof_node (node_of state));
fun is_skipped_proof state = not (is_toplevel state) andalso skipped_proof_node (node_of state);

fun node_case f g state = cases_node f g (node_of state);

fun presentation_context_of state =
  (case try node_of state of
    SOME (Theory (_, SOME ctxt)) => ctxt
  | SOME node => context_node node
  | NONE => raise UNDEF);

fun previous_context_of (State (_, NONE)) = NONE
  | previous_context_of (State (_, SOME prev)) = SOME (context_node prev);

val context_of = node_case Context.proof_of Proof.context_of;
val generic_theory_of = node_case I (Context.Proof o Proof.context_of);
val theory_of = node_case Context.theory_of Proof.theory_of;
val proof_of = node_case (fn _ => raise UNDEF) I;

fun proof_position_of state =
  (case node_of state of
    Proof (prf, _) => Proof_Node.position prf
  | _ => raise UNDEF);

fun end_theory _ (State (NONE, SOME (Theory (Context.Theory thy, _)))) = thy
  | end_theory pos (State (NONE, _)) = error ("Bad theory" ^ Position.here pos)
  | end_theory pos (State (SOME _, _)) = error ("Unfinished theory" ^ Position.here pos);


(* print state *)

val pretty_context = Local_Theory.pretty o Context.cases (Named_Target.theory_init) I;

fun print_state_context state =
  (case try node_of state of
    NONE => []
  | SOME (Theory (gthy, _)) => pretty_context gthy
  | SOME (Proof (_, (_, gthy))) => pretty_context gthy
  | SOME (Skipped_Proof (_, (gthy, _))) => pretty_context gthy)
  |> Pretty.chunks |> Pretty.writeln;

fun print_state prf_only state =
  (case try node_of state of
    NONE => []
  | SOME (Theory (gthy, _)) => if prf_only then [] else pretty_context gthy
  | SOME (Proof (prf, _)) =>
      Proof.pretty_state (Proof_Node.position prf) (Proof_Node.current prf)
  | SOME (Skipped_Proof (d, _)) => [Pretty.str ("skipped proof: depth " ^ string_of_int d)])
  |> Pretty.markup_chunks Markup.state |> Pretty.writeln;

fun pretty_abstract state = Pretty.str ("<Isar " ^ str_of_state state ^ ">");



(** toplevel transitions **)

val quiet = Unsynchronized.ref false;  (*Proof General legacy*)
val interact = Unsynchronized.ref false;  (*Proof General legacy*)
val timing = Unsynchronized.ref false;  (*Proof General legacy*)
val profiling = Unsynchronized.ref 0;


(* controlled execution *)

val debug = Runtime.debug;
fun debugging f = Runtime.debugging ML_Compiler.exn_message f;
fun controlled_execution f = Runtime.controlled_execution ML_Compiler.exn_message f;

fun program body =
 (body
  |> controlled_execution
  |> Runtime.toplevel_error ML_Compiler.exn_error_message) ();

fun thread interrupts body =
  Thread.fork
    (((fn () => body () handle exn => if Exn.is_interrupt exn then () else reraise exn)
        |> debugging
        |> Runtime.toplevel_error
          (fn exn =>
            Output.urgent_message ("## INTERNAL ERROR ##\n" ^ ML_Compiler.exn_message exn))),
      Simple_Thread.attributes interrupts);


(* node transactions -- maintaining stable checkpoints *)

exception FAILURE of state * exn;

local

fun reset_presentation (Theory (gthy, _)) = Theory (gthy, NONE)
  | reset_presentation node = node;

fun map_theory f (Theory (gthy, ctxt)) =
      Theory (Context.mapping f (Local_Theory.raw_theory f) gthy, ctxt)
  | map_theory _ node = node;

in

fun apply_transaction f g node =
  let
    val cont_node = reset_presentation node;
    fun state_error e nd = (State (SOME nd, SOME node), e);

    val (result, err) =
      cont_node
      |> controlled_execution f
      |> state_error NONE
      handle exn => state_error (SOME exn) cont_node;
  in
    (case err of
      NONE => tap g result
    | SOME exn => raise FAILURE (result, exn))
  end;

val exit_transaction =
  apply_transaction
    (fn Theory (Context.Theory thy, _) => Theory (Context.Theory (Theory.end_theory thy), NONE)
      | node => node) (K ())
  #> (fn State (node', _) => State (NONE, node'));

end;


(* primitive transitions *)

datatype trans =
  Init of unit -> theory |               (*init theory*)
  Exit |                                 (*formal exit of theory*)
  Keep of bool -> state -> unit |        (*peek at state*)
  Transaction of (bool -> node -> node) * (state -> unit);  (*node transaction and presentation*)

local

fun apply_tr _ (Init f) (State (NONE, _)) =
      State (SOME (Theory (Context.Theory (controlled_execution f ()), NONE)), NONE)
  | apply_tr _ Exit (State (SOME (state as Theory (Context.Theory _, _)), _)) =
      exit_transaction state
  | apply_tr int (Keep f) state =
      controlled_execution (fn x => tap (f int) x) state
  | apply_tr int (Transaction (f, g)) (State (SOME state, _)) =
      apply_transaction (fn x => f int x) g state
  | apply_tr _ _ _ = raise UNDEF;

fun apply_union _ [] state = raise FAILURE (state, UNDEF)
  | apply_union int (tr :: trs) state =
      apply_union int trs state
        handle Runtime.UNDEF => apply_tr int tr state
          | FAILURE (alt_state, UNDEF) => apply_tr int tr alt_state
          | exn as FAILURE _ => raise exn
          | exn => raise FAILURE (state, exn);

in

fun apply_trans int trs state = (apply_union int trs state, NONE)
  handle FAILURE (alt_state, exn) => (alt_state, SOME exn) | exn => (state, SOME exn);

end;


(* datatype transition *)

datatype transition = Transition of
 {name: string,              (*command name*)
  pos: Position.T,           (*source position*)
  int_only: bool,            (*interactive-only*)  (* TTY / Proof General legacy*)
  print: bool,               (*print result state*)
  timing: Time.time option,  (*prescient timing information*)
  trans: trans list};        (*primitive transitions (union)*)

fun make_transition (name, pos, int_only, print, timing, trans) =
  Transition {name = name, pos = pos, int_only = int_only, print = print,
    timing = timing, trans = trans};

fun map_transition f (Transition {name, pos, int_only, print, timing, trans}) =
  make_transition (f (name, pos, int_only, print, timing, trans));

val empty = make_transition ("", Position.none, false, false, NONE, []);


(* diagnostics *)

fun print_of (Transition {print, ...}) = print;
fun name_of (Transition {name, ...}) = name;
fun pos_of (Transition {pos, ...}) = pos;

fun command_msg msg tr = msg ^ "command " ^ quote (name_of tr) ^ Position.here (pos_of tr);
fun at_command tr = command_msg "At " tr;

fun type_error tr state =
  ERROR (command_msg "Illegal application of " tr ^ " " ^ str_of_state state);


(* modify transitions *)

fun name name = map_transition (fn (_, pos, int_only, print, timing, trans) =>
  (name, pos, int_only, print, timing, trans));

fun position pos = map_transition (fn (name, _, int_only, print, timing, trans) =>
  (name, pos, int_only, print, timing, trans));

fun interactive int_only = map_transition (fn (name, pos, _, print, timing, trans) =>
  (name, pos, int_only, print, timing, trans));

fun add_trans tr = map_transition (fn (name, pos, int_only, print, timing, trans) =>
  (name, pos, int_only, print, timing, tr :: trans));

val reset_trans = map_transition (fn (name, pos, int_only, print, timing, _) =>
  (name, pos, int_only, print, timing, []));

fun set_print print = map_transition (fn (name, pos, int_only, _, timing, trans) =>
  (name, pos, int_only, print, timing, trans));

val print = set_print true;


(* basic transitions *)

fun init_theory f = add_trans (Init f);

fun is_init (Transition {trans = [Init _], ...}) = true
  | is_init _ = false;

fun modify_init f tr = if is_init tr then init_theory f (reset_trans tr) else tr;

val exit = add_trans Exit;
val keep' = add_trans o Keep;

fun present_transaction f g = add_trans (Transaction (f, g));
fun transaction f = present_transaction f (K ());

fun keep f = add_trans (Keep (fn _ => f));
fun imperative f = keep (fn _ => f ());

fun ignored pos = empty |> name "<ignored>" |> position pos |> imperative I;
fun is_ignored tr = name_of tr = "<ignored>";

val malformed_name = "<malformed>";
fun malformed pos msg =
  empty |> name malformed_name |> position pos |> imperative (fn () => error msg);
fun is_malformed tr = name_of tr = malformed_name;

val unknown_theory = imperative (fn () => warning "Unknown theory context");
val unknown_proof = imperative (fn () => warning "Unknown proof context");
val unknown_context = imperative (fn () => warning "Unknown context");


(* theory transitions *)

fun generic_theory f = transaction (fn _ =>
  (fn Theory (gthy, _) => Theory (f gthy, NONE)
    | _ => raise UNDEF));

fun theory' f = transaction (fn int =>
  (fn Theory (Context.Theory thy, _) =>
      let val thy' = thy
        |> Sign.new_group
        |> f int
        |> Sign.reset_group;
      in Theory (Context.Theory thy', NONE) end
    | _ => raise UNDEF));

fun theory f = theory' (K f);

fun begin_local_theory begin f = transaction (fn _ =>
  (fn Theory (Context.Theory thy, _) =>
        let
          val lthy = f thy;
          val gthy = if begin then Context.Proof lthy else Context.Theory (loc_exit lthy);
        in Theory (gthy, SOME lthy) end
    | _ => raise UNDEF));

val end_local_theory = transaction (fn _ =>
  (fn Theory (Context.Proof lthy, _) => Theory (Context.Theory (loc_exit lthy), SOME lthy)
    | _ => raise UNDEF));

fun open_target f = transaction (fn _ =>
  (fn Theory (gthy, _) =>
        let val lthy = f gthy
        in Theory (Context.Proof lthy, SOME lthy) end
    | _ => raise UNDEF));

val close_target = transaction (fn _ =>
  (fn Theory (Context.Proof lthy, _) =>
        (case try Local_Theory.close_target lthy of
          SOME ctxt' =>
            let
              val gthy' =
                if can Local_Theory.assert ctxt'
                then Context.Proof ctxt'
                else Context.Theory (Proof_Context.theory_of ctxt');
            in Theory (gthy', SOME lthy) end
        | NONE => raise UNDEF)
    | _ => raise UNDEF));


local

fun local_theory_presentation loc f = present_transaction (fn int =>
  (fn Theory (gthy, _) =>
        let
          val (finish, lthy) = loc_begin loc gthy;
          val lthy' = lthy
            |> Local_Theory.new_group
            |> f int
            |> Local_Theory.reset_group;
        in Theory (finish lthy', SOME lthy') end
    | _ => raise UNDEF));

in

fun local_theory' loc f = local_theory_presentation loc f (K ());
fun local_theory loc f = local_theory' loc (K f);
fun present_local_theory loc = local_theory_presentation loc (K I);

end;


(* proof transitions *)

fun end_proof f = transaction (fn int =>
  (fn Proof (prf, (finish, _)) =>
        let val state = Proof_Node.current prf in
          if can (Proof.assert_bottom true) state then
            let
              val ctxt' = f int state;
              val gthy' = finish ctxt';
            in Theory (gthy', SOME ctxt') end
          else raise UNDEF
        end
    | Skipped_Proof (0, (gthy, _)) => Theory (gthy, NONE)
    | _ => raise UNDEF));

local

fun begin_proof init = transaction (fn int =>
  (fn Theory (gthy, _) =>
    let
      val (finish, prf) = init int gthy;
      val skip = Goal.skip_proofs_enabled ();
      val (is_goal, no_skip) =
        (true, Proof.schematic_goal prf) handle ERROR _ => (false, true);
      val _ =
        if is_goal andalso skip andalso no_skip then
          warning "Cannot skip proof of schematic goal statement"
        else ();
    in
      if skip andalso not no_skip then
        Skipped_Proof (0, (finish (Proof.global_skip_proof true prf), gthy))
      else Proof (Proof_Node.init prf, (finish, gthy))
    end
  | _ => raise UNDEF));

in

fun local_theory_to_proof' loc f = begin_proof
  (fn int => fn gthy =>
    let val (finish, lthy) = loc_begin loc gthy
    in (finish o Local_Theory.reset_group, f int (Local_Theory.new_group lthy)) end);

fun local_theory_to_proof loc f = local_theory_to_proof' loc (K f);

fun theory_to_proof f = begin_proof
  (fn _ => fn gthy =>
    (Context.Theory o Sign.reset_group o Proof_Context.theory_of,
      (case gthy of
        Context.Theory thy => f (Sign.new_group thy)
      | _ => raise UNDEF)));

end;

val forget_proof = transaction (fn _ =>
  (fn Proof (_, (_, orig_gthy)) => Theory (orig_gthy, NONE)
    | Skipped_Proof (_, (_, orig_gthy)) => Theory (orig_gthy, NONE)
    | _ => raise UNDEF));

val present_proof = present_transaction (fn _ =>
  (fn Proof (prf, x) => Proof (Proof_Node.apply I prf, x)
    | skip as Skipped_Proof _ => skip
    | _ => raise UNDEF));

fun proofs' f = transaction (fn int =>
  (fn Proof (prf, x) => Proof (Proof_Node.applys (f int) prf, x)
    | skip as Skipped_Proof _ => skip
    | _ => raise UNDEF));

fun proof' f = proofs' ((Seq.single o Seq.Result) oo f);
val proofs = proofs' o K;
val proof = proof' o K;

fun actual_proof f = transaction (fn _ =>
  (fn Proof (prf, x) => Proof (f prf, x)
    | _ => raise UNDEF));

(*Proof General legacy*)
fun skip_proof f = transaction (fn _ =>
  (fn Skipped_Proof (h, x) => Skipped_Proof (f h, x)
    | _ => raise UNDEF));

(*Proof General legacy*)
fun skip_proof_to_theory pred = transaction (fn _ =>
  (fn Skipped_Proof (d, (gthy, _)) => if pred d then Theory (gthy, NONE) else raise UNDEF
    | _ => raise UNDEF));



(** toplevel transactions **)

(* runtime position *)

fun exec_id id (tr as Transition {pos, ...}) =
  position (Position.put_id (Document_ID.print id) pos) tr;

fun setmp_thread_position (Transition {pos, ...}) f x =
  Position.setmp_thread_data pos f x;


(* post-transition hooks *)

local
  val hooks = Unsynchronized.ref ([]: (transition -> state -> state -> unit) list);
in

fun add_hook f = CRITICAL (fn () => Unsynchronized.change hooks (cons f));
fun get_hooks () = ! hooks;

end;


(* apply transitions *)

fun get_timing (Transition {timing, ...}) = timing;
fun put_timing timing = map_transition (fn (name, pos, int_only, print, _, trans) =>
  (name, pos, int_only, print, timing, trans));

local

fun app int (tr as Transition {trans, print, ...}) =
  setmp_thread_position tr (fn state =>
    let
      val timing_start = Timing.start ();

      val (result, opt_err) =
         state |> (apply_trans int trans |> ! profiling > 0 ? profile (! profiling));
      val _ = if int andalso not (! quiet) andalso print then print_state false result else ();

      val timing_result = Timing.result timing_start;
      val timing_props =
        Markup.command_timing :: (Markup.nameN, name_of tr) :: Position.properties_of (pos_of tr);
      val _ = Timing.protocol_message timing_props timing_result;
    in
      (result, Option.map (fn UNDEF => type_error tr state | exn => exn) opt_err)
    end);

in

fun transition int tr st =
  let
    val hooks = get_hooks ();
    fun apply_hooks st' = hooks |> List.app (fn f => (try (fn () => f tr st st') (); ()));

    val ctxt = try context_of st;
    val res =
      (case app int tr st of
        (_, SOME Runtime.TERMINATE) => NONE
      | (st', SOME (Runtime.EXCURSION_FAIL exn_info)) => SOME (st', SOME exn_info)
      | (st', SOME exn) => SOME (st', SOME (Runtime.exn_context ctxt exn, at_command tr))
      | (st', NONE) => SOME (st', NONE));
    val _ = (case res of SOME (st', NONE) => apply_hooks st' | _ => ());
  in res end;

end;


(* managed commands *)

fun command_errors int tr st =
  (case transition int tr st of
    SOME (st', NONE) => ([], SOME st')
  | SOME (_, SOME (exn, _)) => (ML_Compiler.exn_messages_ids exn, NONE)
  | NONE => (ML_Compiler.exn_messages_ids Runtime.TERMINATE, NONE));

fun command_exception int tr st =
  (case transition int tr st of
    SOME (st', NONE) => st'
  | SOME (_, SOME (exn, info)) =>
      if Exn.is_interrupt exn then reraise exn else raise Runtime.EXCURSION_FAIL (exn, info)
  | NONE => raise Runtime.EXCURSION_FAIL (Runtime.TERMINATE, at_command tr));

fun command tr = command_exception (! interact) tr;


(* scheduled proof result *)

datatype result =
  Result of transition * state |
  Result_List of result list |
  Result_Future of result future;

fun join_results (Result x) = [x]
  | join_results (Result_List xs) = maps join_results xs
  | join_results (Result_Future x) = join_results (Future.join x);

local

structure Result = Proof_Data
(
  type T = result;
  val empty: T = Result_List [];
  fun init _ = empty;
);

val get_result = Result.get o Proof.context_of;
val put_result = Proof.map_context o Result.put;

fun timing_estimate include_head elem =
  let
    val trs = Thy_Syntax.flat_element elem |> not include_head ? tl;
    val timings = map get_timing trs;
  in
    if forall is_some timings then
      SOME (fold (curry Time.+ o the) timings Time.zeroTime)
    else NONE
  end;

fun priority NONE = ~1
  | priority (SOME estimate) =
      Int.min (Real.floor (Real.max (Math.log10 (Time.toReal estimate), ~3.0)) - 3, ~1);

fun proof_future_enabled estimate st =
  (case try proof_of st of
    NONE => false
  | SOME state =>
      not (Proof.is_relevant state) andalso
       (if can (Proof.assert_bottom true) state
        then Goal.future_enabled 1
        else
          (case estimate of
            NONE => Goal.future_enabled 2
          | SOME t => Goal.future_enabled_timing t)));

fun atom_result tr st =
  let
    val st' =
      if Goal.future_enabled 1 andalso Keyword.is_diag (name_of tr) then
        (Execution.fork
          {name = "Toplevel.diag", pos = pos_of tr,
            pri = priority (timing_estimate true (Thy_Syntax.atom tr))}
          (fn () => command tr st); st)
      else command tr st;
  in (Result (tr, st'), st') end;

in

fun element_result (Thy_Syntax.Element (tr, NONE)) st = atom_result tr st
  | element_result (elem as Thy_Syntax.Element (head_tr, SOME element_rest)) st =
      let
        val (head_result, st') = atom_result head_tr st;
        val (body_elems, end_tr) = element_rest;
        val estimate = timing_estimate false elem;
      in
        if not (proof_future_enabled estimate st')
        then
          let
            val proof_trs = maps Thy_Syntax.flat_element body_elems @ [end_tr];
            val (proof_results, st'') = fold_map atom_result proof_trs st';
          in (Result_List (head_result :: proof_results), st'') end
        else
          let
            val finish = Context.Theory o Proof_Context.theory_of;

            val future_proof =
              Proof.future_proof (fn state =>
                Execution.fork
                  {name = "Toplevel.future_proof", pos = pos_of head_tr, pri = priority estimate}
                  (fn () =>
                    let
                      val State (SOME (Proof (prf, (_, orig_gthy))), prev) = st';
                      val prf' = Proof_Node.apply (K state) prf;
                      val (result, result_state) =
                        State (SOME (Proof (prf', (finish, orig_gthy))), prev)
                        |> fold_map element_result body_elems ||> command end_tr;
                    in (Result_List result, presentation_context_of result_state) end))
              #> (fn (res, state') => state' |> put_result (Result_Future res));

            val forked_proof =
              proof (future_proof #>
                (fn state => state |> Proof.local_done_proof |> put_result (get_result state))) o
              end_proof (fn _ => future_proof #>
                (fn state => state |> Proof.global_done_proof |> Result.put (get_result state)));

            val st'' = st'
              |> command (head_tr |> set_print false |> reset_trans |> forked_proof);
            val end_result = Result (end_tr, st'');
            val result =
              Result_List [head_result, Result.get (presentation_context_of st''), end_result];
          in (result, st'') end
      end;

end;

end;