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19 is negation elimination; it holds in intuitionistic logic as well.} |
19 is negation elimination; it holds in intuitionistic logic as well.} |
20 *} |
20 *} |
21 |
21 |
22 theorem "((A --> B) --> A) --> A" |
22 theorem "((A --> B) --> A) --> A" |
23 proof |
23 proof |
24 assume aba: "(A --> B) --> A" |
24 assume "(A --> B) --> A" |
25 show A |
25 show A |
26 proof (rule classical) |
26 proof (rule classical) |
27 assume "~ A" |
27 assume "~ A" |
28 have "A --> B" |
28 have "A --> B" |
29 proof |
29 proof |
30 assume A |
30 assume A |
31 thus B by contradiction |
31 with `~ A` show B by contradiction |
32 qed |
32 qed |
33 with aba show A .. |
33 with `(A --> B) --> A` show A .. |
34 qed |
34 qed |
35 qed |
35 qed |
36 |
36 |
37 text {* |
37 text {* |
38 In the subsequent version the reasoning is rearranged by means of |
38 In the subsequent version the reasoning is rearranged by means of |
50 are solved immediately. |
50 are solved immediately. |
51 *} |
51 *} |
52 |
52 |
53 theorem "((A --> B) --> A) --> A" |
53 theorem "((A --> B) --> A) --> A" |
54 proof |
54 proof |
55 assume aba: "(A --> B) --> A" |
55 assume "(A --> B) --> A" |
56 show A |
56 show A |
57 proof (rule classical) |
57 proof (rule classical) |
58 presume "A --> B" |
58 presume "A --> B" |
59 with aba show A .. |
59 with `(A --> B) --> A` show A .. |
60 next |
60 next |
61 assume "~ A" |
61 assume "~ A" |
62 show "A --> B" |
62 show "A --> B" |
63 proof |
63 proof |
64 assume A |
64 assume A |
65 thus B by contradiction |
65 with `~ A` show B by contradiction |
66 qed |
66 qed |
67 qed |
67 qed |
68 qed |
68 qed |
69 |
69 |
70 text {* |
70 text {* |