src/HOL/Finite_Set.thy
author haftmann
Tue, 07 Nov 2006 14:03:04 +0100
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parent 21199 2d83f93c3580
child 21249 d594c58e24ed
permissions -rw-r--r--
made locale partial_order compatible with axclass order
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(*  Title:      HOL/Finite_Set.thy
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    ID:         $Id$
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    Author:     Tobias Nipkow, Lawrence C Paulson and Markus Wenzel
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                with contributions by Jeremy Avigad
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*)
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header {* Finite sets *}
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theory Finite_Set
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imports Power Inductive Lattice_Locales
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begin
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subsection {* Definition and basic properties *}
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consts Finites :: "'a set set"
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abbreviation
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  "finite A == A : Finites"
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inductive Finites
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  intros
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    emptyI [simp, intro!]: "{} : Finites"
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    insertI [simp, intro!]: "A : Finites ==> insert a A : Finites"
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axclass finite \<subseteq> type
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  finite: "finite UNIV"
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lemma ex_new_if_finite: -- "does not depend on def of finite at all"
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  assumes "\<not> finite (UNIV :: 'a set)" and "finite A"
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  shows "\<exists>a::'a. a \<notin> A"
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proof -
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  from prems have "A \<noteq> UNIV" by blast
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  thus ?thesis by blast
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qed
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lemma finite_induct [case_names empty insert, induct set: Finites]:
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  "finite F ==>
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    P {} ==> (!!x F. finite F ==> x \<notin> F ==> P F ==> P (insert x F)) ==> P F"
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  -- {* Discharging @{text "x \<notin> F"} entails extra work. *}
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proof -
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  assume "P {}" and
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    insert: "!!x F. finite F ==> x \<notin> F ==> P F ==> P (insert x F)"
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  assume "finite F"
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  thus "P F"
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  proof induct
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    show "P {}" .
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    fix x F assume F: "finite F" and P: "P F"
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    show "P (insert x F)"
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    proof cases
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      assume "x \<in> F"
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      hence "insert x F = F" by (rule insert_absorb)
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      with P show ?thesis by (simp only:)
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    next
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      assume "x \<notin> F"
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      from F this P show ?thesis by (rule insert)
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    qed
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  qed
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qed
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lemma finite_ne_induct[case_names singleton insert, consumes 2]:
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assumes fin: "finite F" shows "F \<noteq> {} \<Longrightarrow>
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 \<lbrakk> \<And>x. P{x};
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   \<And>x F. \<lbrakk> finite F; F \<noteq> {}; x \<notin> F; P F \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> P (insert x F) \<rbrakk>
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 \<Longrightarrow> P F"
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using fin
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proof induct
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  case empty thus ?case by simp
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next
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  case (insert x F)
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  show ?case
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  proof cases
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    assume "F = {}" thus ?thesis using insert(4) by simp
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  next
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    assume "F \<noteq> {}" thus ?thesis using insert by blast
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  qed
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qed
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lemma finite_subset_induct [consumes 2, case_names empty insert]:
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  "finite F ==> F \<subseteq> A ==>
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    P {} ==> (!!a F. finite F ==> a \<in> A ==> a \<notin> F ==> P F ==> P (insert a F)) ==>
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    P F"
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proof -
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  assume "P {}" and insert:
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    "!!a F. finite F ==> a \<in> A ==> a \<notin> F ==> P F ==> P (insert a F)"
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  assume "finite F"
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  thus "F \<subseteq> A ==> P F"
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  proof induct
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    show "P {}" .
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    fix x F assume "finite F" and "x \<notin> F"
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      and P: "F \<subseteq> A ==> P F" and i: "insert x F \<subseteq> A"
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    show "P (insert x F)"
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    proof (rule insert)
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      from i show "x \<in> A" by blast
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      from i have "F \<subseteq> A" by blast
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      with P show "P F" .
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    qed
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  qed
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qed
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text{* Finite sets are the images of initial segments of natural numbers: *}
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lemma finite_imp_nat_seg_image_inj_on:
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  assumes fin: "finite A" 
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  shows "\<exists> (n::nat) f. A = f ` {i. i<n} & inj_on f {i. i<n}"
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using fin
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proof induct
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  case empty
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  show ?case  
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  proof show "\<exists>f. {} = f ` {i::nat. i < 0} & inj_on f {i. i<0}" by simp 
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  qed
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next
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  case (insert a A)
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  have notinA: "a \<notin> A" .
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  from insert.hyps obtain n f
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    where "A = f ` {i::nat. i < n}" "inj_on f {i. i < n}" by blast
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  hence "insert a A = f(n:=a) ` {i. i < Suc n}"
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        "inj_on (f(n:=a)) {i. i < Suc n}" using notinA
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    by (auto simp add: image_def Ball_def inj_on_def less_Suc_eq)
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  thus ?case by blast
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qed
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lemma nat_seg_image_imp_finite:
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  "!!f A. A = f ` {i::nat. i<n} \<Longrightarrow> finite A"
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proof (induct n)
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  case 0 thus ?case by simp
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next
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  case (Suc n)
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  let ?B = "f ` {i. i < n}"
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  have finB: "finite ?B" by(rule Suc.hyps[OF refl])
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  show ?case
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  proof cases
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    assume "\<exists>k<n. f n = f k"
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    hence "A = ?B" using Suc.prems by(auto simp:less_Suc_eq)
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    thus ?thesis using finB by simp
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  next
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    assume "\<not>(\<exists> k<n. f n = f k)"
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    hence "A = insert (f n) ?B" using Suc.prems by(auto simp:less_Suc_eq)
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    thus ?thesis using finB by simp
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  qed
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qed
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lemma finite_conv_nat_seg_image:
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  "finite A = (\<exists> (n::nat) f. A = f ` {i::nat. i<n})"
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by(blast intro: nat_seg_image_imp_finite dest: finite_imp_nat_seg_image_inj_on)
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subsubsection{* Finiteness and set theoretic constructions *}
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lemma finite_UnI: "finite F ==> finite G ==> finite (F Un G)"
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  -- {* The union of two finite sets is finite. *}
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  by (induct set: Finites) simp_all
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lemma finite_subset: "A \<subseteq> B ==> finite B ==> finite A"
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  -- {* Every subset of a finite set is finite. *}
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proof -
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  assume "finite B"
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  thus "!!A. A \<subseteq> B ==> finite A"
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  proof induct
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    case empty
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    thus ?case by simp
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  next
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parents: 15318
diff changeset
   160
    case (insert x F A)
12396
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wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   161
    have A: "A \<subseteq> insert x F" and r: "A - {x} \<subseteq> F ==> finite (A - {x})" .
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   162
    show "finite A"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   163
    proof cases
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   164
      assume x: "x \<in> A"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   165
      with A have "A - {x} \<subseteq> F" by (simp add: subset_insert_iff)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   166
      with r have "finite (A - {x})" .
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   167
      hence "finite (insert x (A - {x}))" ..
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   168
      also have "insert x (A - {x}) = A" by (rule insert_Diff)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   169
      finally show ?thesis .
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   170
    next
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   171
      show "A \<subseteq> F ==> ?thesis" .
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   172
      assume "x \<notin> A"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   173
      with A show "A \<subseteq> F" by (simp add: subset_insert_iff)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   174
    qed
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   175
  qed
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   176
qed
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   177
18423
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
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   178
lemma finite_Collect_subset[simp]: "finite A \<Longrightarrow> finite{x \<in> A. P x}"
17761
2c42d0a94f58 new lemmas
nipkow
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diff changeset
   179
using finite_subset[of "{x \<in> A. P x}" "A"] by blast
2c42d0a94f58 new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17589
diff changeset
   180
12396
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wenzelm
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diff changeset
   181
lemma finite_Un [iff]: "finite (F Un G) = (finite F & finite G)"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
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   182
  by (blast intro: finite_subset [of _ "X Un Y", standard] finite_UnI)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   183
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   184
lemma finite_Int [simp, intro]: "finite F | finite G ==> finite (F Int G)"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
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parents:
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   185
  -- {* The converse obviously fails. *}
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
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   186
  by (blast intro: finite_subset)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   187
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   188
lemma finite_insert [simp]: "finite (insert a A) = finite A"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   189
  apply (subst insert_is_Un)
14208
144f45277d5a misc tidying
paulson
parents: 13825
diff changeset
   190
  apply (simp only: finite_Un, blast)
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   191
  done
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   192
15281
bd4611956c7b More lemmas
nipkow
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diff changeset
   193
lemma finite_Union[simp, intro]:
bd4611956c7b More lemmas
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diff changeset
   194
 "\<lbrakk> finite A; !!M. M \<in> A \<Longrightarrow> finite M \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> finite(\<Union>A)"
bd4611956c7b More lemmas
nipkow
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diff changeset
   195
by (induct rule:finite_induct) simp_all
bd4611956c7b More lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15234
diff changeset
   196
12396
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wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   197
lemma finite_empty_induct:
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   198
  "finite A ==>
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   199
  P A ==> (!!a A. finite A ==> a:A ==> P A ==> P (A - {a})) ==> P {}"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   200
proof -
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   201
  assume "finite A"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   202
    and "P A" and "!!a A. finite A ==> a:A ==> P A ==> P (A - {a})"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   203
  have "P (A - A)"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   204
  proof -
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   205
    fix c b :: "'a set"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   206
    presume c: "finite c" and b: "finite b"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   207
      and P1: "P b" and P2: "!!x y. finite y ==> x \<in> y ==> P y ==> P (y - {x})"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   208
    from c show "c \<subseteq> b ==> P (b - c)"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   209
    proof induct
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   210
      case empty
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   211
      from P1 show ?case by simp
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   212
    next
15327
0230a10582d3 changed the order of !!-quantifiers in finite set induction.
nipkow
parents: 15318
diff changeset
   213
      case (insert x F)
12396
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wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   214
      have "P (b - F - {x})"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   215
      proof (rule P2)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   216
        from _ b show "finite (b - F)" by (rule finite_subset) blast
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   217
        from insert show "x \<in> b - F" by simp
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   218
        from insert show "P (b - F)" by simp
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   219
      qed
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   220
      also have "b - F - {x} = b - insert x F" by (rule Diff_insert [symmetric])
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   221
      finally show ?case .
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   222
    qed
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   223
  next
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   224
    show "A \<subseteq> A" ..
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   225
  qed
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   226
  thus "P {}" by simp
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   227
qed
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   228
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   229
lemma finite_Diff [simp]: "finite B ==> finite (B - Ba)"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   230
  by (rule Diff_subset [THEN finite_subset])
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   231
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   232
lemma finite_Diff_insert [iff]: "finite (A - insert a B) = finite (A - B)"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   233
  apply (subst Diff_insert)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   234
  apply (case_tac "a : A - B")
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   235
   apply (rule finite_insert [symmetric, THEN trans])
14208
144f45277d5a misc tidying
paulson
parents: 13825
diff changeset
   236
   apply (subst insert_Diff, simp_all)
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   237
  done
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   238
19870
ef037d1b32d1 new results
paulson
parents: 19868
diff changeset
   239
lemma finite_Diff_singleton [simp]: "finite (A - {a}) = finite A"
ef037d1b32d1 new results
paulson
parents: 19868
diff changeset
   240
  by simp
ef037d1b32d1 new results
paulson
parents: 19868
diff changeset
   241
12396
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wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   242
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   243
text {* Image and Inverse Image over Finite Sets *}
13825
ef4c41e7956a new inverse image lemmas
paulson
parents: 13737
diff changeset
   244
ef4c41e7956a new inverse image lemmas
paulson
parents: 13737
diff changeset
   245
lemma finite_imageI[simp]: "finite F ==> finite (h ` F)"
ef4c41e7956a new inverse image lemmas
paulson
parents: 13737
diff changeset
   246
  -- {* The image of a finite set is finite. *}
ef4c41e7956a new inverse image lemmas
paulson
parents: 13737
diff changeset
   247
  by (induct set: Finites) simp_all
ef4c41e7956a new inverse image lemmas
paulson
parents: 13737
diff changeset
   248
14430
5cb24165a2e1 new material from Avigad, and simplified treatment of division by 0
paulson
parents: 14331
diff changeset
   249
lemma finite_surj: "finite A ==> B <= f ` A ==> finite B"
5cb24165a2e1 new material from Avigad, and simplified treatment of division by 0
paulson
parents: 14331
diff changeset
   250
  apply (frule finite_imageI)
5cb24165a2e1 new material from Avigad, and simplified treatment of division by 0
paulson
parents: 14331
diff changeset
   251
  apply (erule finite_subset, assumption)
5cb24165a2e1 new material from Avigad, and simplified treatment of division by 0
paulson
parents: 14331
diff changeset
   252
  done
5cb24165a2e1 new material from Avigad, and simplified treatment of division by 0
paulson
parents: 14331
diff changeset
   253
13825
ef4c41e7956a new inverse image lemmas
paulson
parents: 13737
diff changeset
   254
lemma finite_range_imageI:
ef4c41e7956a new inverse image lemmas
paulson
parents: 13737
diff changeset
   255
    "finite (range g) ==> finite (range (%x. f (g x)))"
14208
144f45277d5a misc tidying
paulson
parents: 13825
diff changeset
   256
  apply (drule finite_imageI, simp)
13825
ef4c41e7956a new inverse image lemmas
paulson
parents: 13737
diff changeset
   257
  done
ef4c41e7956a new inverse image lemmas
paulson
parents: 13737
diff changeset
   258
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   259
lemma finite_imageD: "finite (f`A) ==> inj_on f A ==> finite A"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   260
proof -
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   261
  have aux: "!!A. finite (A - {}) = finite A" by simp
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   262
  fix B :: "'a set"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   263
  assume "finite B"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   264
  thus "!!A. f`A = B ==> inj_on f A ==> finite A"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   265
    apply induct
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   266
     apply simp
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   267
    apply (subgoal_tac "EX y:A. f y = x & F = f ` (A - {y})")
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   268
     apply clarify
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   269
     apply (simp (no_asm_use) add: inj_on_def)
14208
144f45277d5a misc tidying
paulson
parents: 13825
diff changeset
   270
     apply (blast dest!: aux [THEN iffD1], atomize)
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   271
    apply (erule_tac V = "ALL A. ?PP (A)" in thin_rl)
14208
144f45277d5a misc tidying
paulson
parents: 13825
diff changeset
   272
    apply (frule subsetD [OF equalityD2 insertI1], clarify)
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   273
    apply (rule_tac x = xa in bexI)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   274
     apply (simp_all add: inj_on_image_set_diff)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   275
    done
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   276
qed (rule refl)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   277
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   278
13825
ef4c41e7956a new inverse image lemmas
paulson
parents: 13737
diff changeset
   279
lemma inj_vimage_singleton: "inj f ==> f-`{a} \<subseteq> {THE x. f x = a}"
ef4c41e7956a new inverse image lemmas
paulson
parents: 13737
diff changeset
   280
  -- {* The inverse image of a singleton under an injective function
ef4c41e7956a new inverse image lemmas
paulson
parents: 13737
diff changeset
   281
         is included in a singleton. *}
14430
5cb24165a2e1 new material from Avigad, and simplified treatment of division by 0
paulson
parents: 14331
diff changeset
   282
  apply (auto simp add: inj_on_def)
5cb24165a2e1 new material from Avigad, and simplified treatment of division by 0
paulson
parents: 14331
diff changeset
   283
  apply (blast intro: the_equality [symmetric])
13825
ef4c41e7956a new inverse image lemmas
paulson
parents: 13737
diff changeset
   284
  done
ef4c41e7956a new inverse image lemmas
paulson
parents: 13737
diff changeset
   285
ef4c41e7956a new inverse image lemmas
paulson
parents: 13737
diff changeset
   286
lemma finite_vimageI: "[|finite F; inj h|] ==> finite (h -` F)"
ef4c41e7956a new inverse image lemmas
paulson
parents: 13737
diff changeset
   287
  -- {* The inverse image of a finite set under an injective function
ef4c41e7956a new inverse image lemmas
paulson
parents: 13737
diff changeset
   288
         is finite. *}
14430
5cb24165a2e1 new material from Avigad, and simplified treatment of division by 0
paulson
parents: 14331
diff changeset
   289
  apply (induct set: Finites, simp_all)
5cb24165a2e1 new material from Avigad, and simplified treatment of division by 0
paulson
parents: 14331
diff changeset
   290
  apply (subst vimage_insert)
5cb24165a2e1 new material from Avigad, and simplified treatment of division by 0
paulson
parents: 14331
diff changeset
   291
  apply (simp add: finite_Un finite_subset [OF inj_vimage_singleton])
13825
ef4c41e7956a new inverse image lemmas
paulson
parents: 13737
diff changeset
   292
  done
ef4c41e7956a new inverse image lemmas
paulson
parents: 13737
diff changeset
   293
ef4c41e7956a new inverse image lemmas
paulson
parents: 13737
diff changeset
   294
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   295
text {* The finite UNION of finite sets *}
12396
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wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   296
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   297
lemma finite_UN_I: "finite A ==> (!!a. a:A ==> finite (B a)) ==> finite (UN a:A. B a)"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   298
  by (induct set: Finites) simp_all
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   299
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   300
text {*
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   301
  Strengthen RHS to
14430
5cb24165a2e1 new material from Avigad, and simplified treatment of division by 0
paulson
parents: 14331
diff changeset
   302
  @{prop "((ALL x:A. finite (B x)) & finite {x. x:A & B x \<noteq> {}})"}?
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   303
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   304
  We'd need to prove
14430
5cb24165a2e1 new material from Avigad, and simplified treatment of division by 0
paulson
parents: 14331
diff changeset
   305
  @{prop "finite C ==> ALL A B. (UNION A B) <= C --> finite {x. x:A & B x \<noteq> {}}"}
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   306
  by induction. *}
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   307
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   308
lemma finite_UN [simp]: "finite A ==> finite (UNION A B) = (ALL x:A. finite (B x))"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   309
  by (blast intro: finite_UN_I finite_subset)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   310
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   311
17022
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
   312
lemma finite_Plus: "[| finite A; finite B |] ==> finite (A <+> B)"
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
   313
by (simp add: Plus_def)
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
   314
15392
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text {* Sigma of finite sets *}
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lemma finite_SigmaI [simp]:
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    "finite A ==> (!!a. a:A ==> finite (B a)) ==> finite (SIGMA a:A. B a)"
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  by (unfold Sigma_def) (blast intro!: finite_UN_I)
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lemma finite_cartesian_product: "[| finite A; finite B |] ==>
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    finite (A <*> B)"
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  by (rule finite_SigmaI)
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lemma finite_Prod_UNIV:
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    "finite (UNIV::'a set) ==> finite (UNIV::'b set) ==> finite (UNIV::('a * 'b) set)"
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  apply (subgoal_tac "(UNIV:: ('a * 'b) set) = Sigma UNIV (%x. UNIV)")
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   apply (erule ssubst)
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   apply (erule finite_SigmaI, auto)
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  done
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lemma finite_cartesian_productD1:
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     "[| finite (A <*> B); B \<noteq> {} |] ==> finite A"
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apply (auto simp add: finite_conv_nat_seg_image) 
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apply (drule_tac x=n in spec) 
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apply (drule_tac x="fst o f" in spec) 
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apply (auto simp add: o_def) 
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   338
 prefer 2 apply (force dest!: equalityD2) 
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   339
apply (drule equalityD1) 
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   340
apply (rename_tac y x)
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apply (subgoal_tac "\<exists>k. k<n & f k = (x,y)") 
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   342
 prefer 2 apply force
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parents: 15402
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   343
apply clarify
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apply (rule_tac x=k in image_eqI, auto)
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done
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   346
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
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   347
lemma finite_cartesian_productD2:
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   348
     "[| finite (A <*> B); A \<noteq> {} |] ==> finite B"
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   349
apply (auto simp add: finite_conv_nat_seg_image) 
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   350
apply (drule_tac x=n in spec) 
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paulson
parents: 15402
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   351
apply (drule_tac x="snd o f" in spec) 
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paulson
parents: 15402
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   352
apply (auto simp add: o_def) 
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
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   353
 prefer 2 apply (force dest!: equalityD2) 
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
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   354
apply (drule equalityD1)
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paulson
parents: 15402
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   355
apply (rename_tac x y)
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paulson
parents: 15402
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   356
apply (subgoal_tac "\<exists>k. k<n & f k = (x,y)") 
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
   357
 prefer 2 apply force
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
   358
apply clarify
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
   359
apply (rule_tac x=k in image_eqI, auto)
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paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
   360
done
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
   361
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
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   362
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   363
text {* The powerset of a finite set *}
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parents:
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   364
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
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   365
lemma finite_Pow_iff [iff]: "finite (Pow A) = finite A"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
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parents:
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   366
proof
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
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   367
  assume "finite (Pow A)"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
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   368
  with _ have "finite ((%x. {x}) ` A)" by (rule finite_subset) blast
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parents:
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   369
  thus "finite A" by (rule finite_imageD [unfolded inj_on_def]) simp
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parents:
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   370
next
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
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   371
  assume "finite A"
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wenzelm
parents:
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   372
  thus "finite (Pow A)"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
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   373
    by induct (simp_all add: finite_UnI finite_imageI Pow_insert)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
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parents:
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   374
qed
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   376
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   377
lemma finite_UnionD: "finite(\<Union>A) \<Longrightarrow> finite A"
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   378
by(blast intro: finite_subset[OF subset_Pow_Union])
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   379
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   380
12396
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wenzelm
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   381
lemma finite_converse [iff]: "finite (r^-1) = finite r"
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wenzelm
parents:
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   382
  apply (subgoal_tac "r^-1 = (%(x,y). (y,x))`r")
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   383
   apply simp
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   384
   apply (rule iffI)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   385
    apply (erule finite_imageD [unfolded inj_on_def])
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   386
    apply (simp split add: split_split)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   387
   apply (erule finite_imageI)
14208
144f45277d5a misc tidying
paulson
parents: 13825
diff changeset
   388
  apply (simp add: converse_def image_def, auto)
12396
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wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   389
  apply (rule bexI)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   390
   prefer 2 apply assumption
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   391
  apply simp
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   392
  done
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   393
14430
5cb24165a2e1 new material from Avigad, and simplified treatment of division by 0
paulson
parents: 14331
diff changeset
   394
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   395
text {* \paragraph{Finiteness of transitive closure} (Thanks to Sidi
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
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diff changeset
   396
Ehmety) *}
12396
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wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   397
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   398
lemma finite_Field: "finite r ==> finite (Field r)"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   399
  -- {* A finite relation has a finite field (@{text "= domain \<union> range"}. *}
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   400
  apply (induct set: Finites)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   401
   apply (auto simp add: Field_def Domain_insert Range_insert)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   402
  done
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   403
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   404
lemma trancl_subset_Field2: "r^+ <= Field r \<times> Field r"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   405
  apply clarify
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   406
  apply (erule trancl_induct)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   407
   apply (auto simp add: Field_def)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   408
  done
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   409
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   410
lemma finite_trancl: "finite (r^+) = finite r"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   411
  apply auto
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   412
   prefer 2
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   413
   apply (rule trancl_subset_Field2 [THEN finite_subset])
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   414
   apply (rule finite_SigmaI)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   415
    prefer 3
13704
854501b1e957 Transitive closure is now defined inductively as well.
berghofe
parents: 13595
diff changeset
   416
    apply (blast intro: r_into_trancl' finite_subset)
12396
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wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   417
   apply (auto simp add: finite_Field)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   418
  done
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   419
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
   420
15392
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diff changeset
   421
subsection {* A fold functional for finite sets *}
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nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   422
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
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diff changeset
   423
text {* The intended behaviour is
15480
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   424
@{text "fold f g z {x\<^isub>1, ..., x\<^isub>n} = f (g x\<^isub>1) (\<dots> (f (g x\<^isub>n) z)\<dots>)"}
15392
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nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   425
if @{text f} is associative-commutative. For an application of @{text fold}
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   426
se the definitions of sums and products over finite sets.
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   427
*}
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   428
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   429
consts
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   430
  foldSet :: "('a => 'a => 'a) => ('b => 'a) => 'a => ('b set \<times> 'a) set"
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   431
15480
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   432
inductive "foldSet f g z"
15392
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nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   433
intros
15480
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   434
emptyI [intro]: "({}, z) : foldSet f g z"
15506
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
   435
insertI [intro]:
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
   436
     "\<lbrakk> x \<notin> A; (A, y) : foldSet f g z \<rbrakk>
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
   437
      \<Longrightarrow> (insert x A, f (g x) y) : foldSet f g z"
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   438
15480
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   439
inductive_cases empty_foldSetE [elim!]: "({}, x) : foldSet f g z"
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   440
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   441
constdefs
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   442
  fold :: "('a => 'a => 'a) => ('b => 'a) => 'a => 'b set => 'a"
15480
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   443
  "fold f g z A == THE x. (A, x) : foldSet f g z"
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   444
15498
3988e90613d4 comment
paulson
parents: 15497
diff changeset
   445
text{*A tempting alternative for the definiens is
3988e90613d4 comment
paulson
parents: 15497
diff changeset
   446
@{term "if finite A then THE x. (A, x) : foldSet f g e else e"}.
3988e90613d4 comment
paulson
parents: 15497
diff changeset
   447
It allows the removal of finiteness assumptions from the theorems
3988e90613d4 comment
paulson
parents: 15497
diff changeset
   448
@{text fold_commute}, @{text fold_reindex} and @{text fold_distrib}.
3988e90613d4 comment
paulson
parents: 15497
diff changeset
   449
The proofs become ugly, with @{text rule_format}. It is not worth the effort.*}
3988e90613d4 comment
paulson
parents: 15497
diff changeset
   450
3988e90613d4 comment
paulson
parents: 15497
diff changeset
   451
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   452
lemma Diff1_foldSet:
15480
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   453
  "(A - {x}, y) : foldSet f g z ==> x: A ==> (A, f (g x) y) : foldSet f g z"
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   454
by (erule insert_Diff [THEN subst], rule foldSet.intros, auto)
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   455
15480
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   456
lemma foldSet_imp_finite: "(A, x) : foldSet f g z ==> finite A"
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   457
  by (induct set: foldSet) auto
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   458
15480
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   459
lemma finite_imp_foldSet: "finite A ==> EX x. (A, x) : foldSet f g z"
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   460
  by (induct set: Finites) auto
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   461
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   462
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   463
subsubsection {* Commutative monoids *}
15480
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   464
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   465
locale ACf =
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   466
  fixes f :: "'a => 'a => 'a"    (infixl "\<cdot>" 70)
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   467
  assumes commute: "x \<cdot> y = y \<cdot> x"
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   468
    and assoc: "(x \<cdot> y) \<cdot> z = x \<cdot> (y \<cdot> z)"
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   469
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   470
locale ACe = ACf +
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   471
  fixes e :: 'a
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   472
  assumes ident [simp]: "x \<cdot> e = x"
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   473
15480
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   474
locale ACIf = ACf +
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   475
  assumes idem: "x \<cdot> x = x"
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   476
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   477
lemma (in ACf) left_commute: "x \<cdot> (y \<cdot> z) = y \<cdot> (x \<cdot> z)"
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   478
proof -
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   479
  have "x \<cdot> (y \<cdot> z) = (y \<cdot> z) \<cdot> x" by (simp only: commute)
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   480
  also have "... = y \<cdot> (z \<cdot> x)" by (simp only: assoc)
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   481
  also have "z \<cdot> x = x \<cdot> z" by (simp only: commute)
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   482
  finally show ?thesis .
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   483
qed
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   484
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   485
lemmas (in ACf) AC = assoc commute left_commute
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   486
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   487
lemma (in ACe) left_ident [simp]: "e \<cdot> x = x"
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   488
proof -
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   489
  have "x \<cdot> e = x" by (rule ident)
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   490
  thus ?thesis by (subst commute)
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   491
qed
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   492
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
   493
lemma (in ACIf) idem2: "x \<cdot> (x \<cdot> y) = x \<cdot> y"
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
   494
proof -
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
   495
  have "x \<cdot> (x \<cdot> y) = (x \<cdot> x) \<cdot> y" by(simp add:assoc)
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
   496
  also have "\<dots> = x \<cdot> y" by(simp add:idem)
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
   497
  finally show ?thesis .
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
   498
qed
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
   499
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
   500
lemmas (in ACIf) ACI = AC idem idem2
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
   501
15765
6472d4942992 Cleaned up, now uses interpretation.
ballarin
parents: 15554
diff changeset
   502
text{* Interpretation of locales: *}
6472d4942992 Cleaned up, now uses interpretation.
ballarin
parents: 15554
diff changeset
   503
6472d4942992 Cleaned up, now uses interpretation.
ballarin
parents: 15554
diff changeset
   504
interpretation AC_add: ACe ["op +" "0::'a::comm_monoid_add"]
19984
29bb4659f80a Method intro_locales replaced by intro_locales and unfold_locales.
ballarin
parents: 19931
diff changeset
   505
  by unfold_locales (auto intro: add_assoc add_commute)
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   506
15765
6472d4942992 Cleaned up, now uses interpretation.
ballarin
parents: 15554
diff changeset
   507
interpretation AC_mult: ACe ["op *" "1::'a::comm_monoid_mult"]
19984
29bb4659f80a Method intro_locales replaced by intro_locales and unfold_locales.
ballarin
parents: 19931
diff changeset
   508
  by unfold_locales (auto intro: mult_assoc mult_commute)
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   509
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   510
subsubsection{*From @{term foldSet} to @{term fold}*}
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   511
15510
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   512
lemma image_less_Suc: "h ` {i. i < Suc m} = insert (h m) (h ` {i. i < m})"
19868
wenzelm
parents: 19793
diff changeset
   513
  by (auto simp add: less_Suc_eq) 
15510
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   514
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   515
lemma insert_image_inj_on_eq:
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   516
     "[|insert (h m) A = h ` {i. i < Suc m}; h m \<notin> A; 
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   517
        inj_on h {i. i < Suc m}|] 
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   518
      ==> A = h ` {i. i < m}"
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   519
apply (auto simp add: image_less_Suc inj_on_def)
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   520
apply (blast intro: less_trans) 
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   521
done
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   522
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   523
lemma insert_inj_onE:
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   524
  assumes aA: "insert a A = h`{i::nat. i<n}" and anot: "a \<notin> A" 
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   525
      and inj_on: "inj_on h {i::nat. i<n}"
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   526
  shows "\<exists>hm m. inj_on hm {i::nat. i<m} & A = hm ` {i. i<m} & m < n"
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   527
proof (cases n)
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   528
  case 0 thus ?thesis using aA by auto
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   529
next
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   530
  case (Suc m)
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   531
  have nSuc: "n = Suc m" . 
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   532
  have mlessn: "m<n" by (simp add: nSuc)
15532
9712d41db5b8 simplified a proof
paulson
parents: 15526
diff changeset
   533
  from aA obtain k where hkeq: "h k = a" and klessn: "k<n" by (blast elim!: equalityE)
15520
0ed33cd8f238 simplified a key lemma for foldSet
paulson
parents: 15517
diff changeset
   534
  let ?hm = "swap k m h"
0ed33cd8f238 simplified a key lemma for foldSet
paulson
parents: 15517
diff changeset
   535
  have inj_hm: "inj_on ?hm {i. i < n}" using klessn mlessn 
0ed33cd8f238 simplified a key lemma for foldSet
paulson
parents: 15517
diff changeset
   536
    by (simp add: inj_on_swap_iff inj_on)
15510
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   537
  show ?thesis
15520
0ed33cd8f238 simplified a key lemma for foldSet
paulson
parents: 15517
diff changeset
   538
  proof (intro exI conjI)
0ed33cd8f238 simplified a key lemma for foldSet
paulson
parents: 15517
diff changeset
   539
    show "inj_on ?hm {i. i < m}" using inj_hm
15510
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   540
      by (auto simp add: nSuc less_Suc_eq intro: subset_inj_on)
15520
0ed33cd8f238 simplified a key lemma for foldSet
paulson
parents: 15517
diff changeset
   541
    show "m<n" by (rule mlessn)
0ed33cd8f238 simplified a key lemma for foldSet
paulson
parents: 15517
diff changeset
   542
    show "A = ?hm ` {i. i < m}" 
0ed33cd8f238 simplified a key lemma for foldSet
paulson
parents: 15517
diff changeset
   543
    proof (rule insert_image_inj_on_eq)
0ed33cd8f238 simplified a key lemma for foldSet
paulson
parents: 15517
diff changeset
   544
      show "inj_on (swap k m h) {i. i < Suc m}" using inj_hm nSuc by simp
0ed33cd8f238 simplified a key lemma for foldSet
paulson
parents: 15517
diff changeset
   545
      show "?hm m \<notin> A" by (simp add: swap_def hkeq anot) 
0ed33cd8f238 simplified a key lemma for foldSet
paulson
parents: 15517
diff changeset
   546
      show "insert (?hm m) A = ?hm ` {i. i < Suc m}"
0ed33cd8f238 simplified a key lemma for foldSet
paulson
parents: 15517
diff changeset
   547
	using aA hkeq nSuc klessn
0ed33cd8f238 simplified a key lemma for foldSet
paulson
parents: 15517
diff changeset
   548
	by (auto simp add: swap_def image_less_Suc fun_upd_image 
0ed33cd8f238 simplified a key lemma for foldSet
paulson
parents: 15517
diff changeset
   549
			   less_Suc_eq inj_on_image_set_diff [OF inj_on])
15479
fbc473ea9d3c proof simpification
nipkow
parents: 15447
diff changeset
   550
    qed
fbc473ea9d3c proof simpification
nipkow
parents: 15447
diff changeset
   551
  qed
fbc473ea9d3c proof simpification
nipkow
parents: 15447
diff changeset
   552
qed
fbc473ea9d3c proof simpification
nipkow
parents: 15447
diff changeset
   553
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   554
lemma (in ACf) foldSet_determ_aux:
15510
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   555
  "!!A x x' h. \<lbrakk> A = h`{i::nat. i<n}; inj_on h {i. i<n}; 
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   556
                (A,x) : foldSet f g z; (A,x') : foldSet f g z \<rbrakk>
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   557
   \<Longrightarrow> x' = x"
15510
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   558
proof (induct n rule: less_induct)
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   559
  case (less n)
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   560
    have IH: "!!m h A x x'. 
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   561
               \<lbrakk>m<n; A = h ` {i. i<m}; inj_on h {i. i<m}; 
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   562
                (A,x) \<in> foldSet f g z; (A, x') \<in> foldSet f g z\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> x' = x" .
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   563
    have Afoldx: "(A,x) \<in> foldSet f g z" and Afoldx': "(A,x') \<in> foldSet f g z"
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   564
     and A: "A = h`{i. i<n}" and injh: "inj_on h {i. i<n}" .
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   565
    show ?case
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   566
    proof (rule foldSet.cases [OF Afoldx])
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   567
      assume "(A, x) = ({}, z)"
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   568
      with Afoldx' show "x' = x" by blast
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   569
    next
15510
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   570
      fix B b u
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   571
      assume "(A,x) = (insert b B, g b \<cdot> u)" and notinB: "b \<notin> B"
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   572
         and Bu: "(B,u) \<in> foldSet f g z"
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   573
      hence AbB: "A = insert b B" and x: "x = g b \<cdot> u" by auto
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   574
      show "x'=x" 
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   575
      proof (rule foldSet.cases [OF Afoldx'])
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   576
        assume "(A, x') = ({}, z)"
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   577
        with AbB show "x' = x" by blast
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   578
      next
15510
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   579
	fix C c v
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   580
	assume "(A,x') = (insert c C, g c \<cdot> v)" and notinC: "c \<notin> C"
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   581
	   and Cv: "(C,v) \<in> foldSet f g z"
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   582
	hence AcC: "A = insert c C" and x': "x' = g c \<cdot> v" by auto
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   583
	from A AbB have Beq: "insert b B = h`{i. i<n}" by simp
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   584
        from insert_inj_onE [OF Beq notinB injh]
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   585
        obtain hB mB where inj_onB: "inj_on hB {i. i < mB}" 
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   586
                     and Beq: "B = hB ` {i. i < mB}"
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   587
                     and lessB: "mB < n" by auto 
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   588
	from A AcC have Ceq: "insert c C = h`{i. i<n}" by simp
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   589
        from insert_inj_onE [OF Ceq notinC injh]
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   590
        obtain hC mC where inj_onC: "inj_on hC {i. i < mC}"
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   591
                       and Ceq: "C = hC ` {i. i < mC}"
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   592
                       and lessC: "mC < n" by auto 
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   593
	show "x'=x"
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   594
	proof cases
15510
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   595
          assume "b=c"
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   596
	  then moreover have "B = C" using AbB AcC notinB notinC by auto
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   597
	  ultimately show ?thesis  using Bu Cv x x' IH[OF lessC Ceq inj_onC]
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   598
            by auto
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   599
	next
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   600
	  assume diff: "b \<noteq> c"
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   601
	  let ?D = "B - {c}"
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   602
	  have B: "B = insert c ?D" and C: "C = insert b ?D"
15510
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   603
	    using AbB AcC notinB notinC diff by(blast elim!:equalityE)+
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   604
	  have "finite A" by(rule foldSet_imp_finite[OF Afoldx])
15510
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   605
	  with AbB have "finite ?D" by simp
15480
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   606
	  then obtain d where Dfoldd: "(?D,d) \<in> foldSet f g z"
17589
58eeffd73be1 renamed rules to iprover
nipkow
parents: 17189
diff changeset
   607
	    using finite_imp_foldSet by iprover
15506
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
   608
	  moreover have cinB: "c \<in> B" using B by auto
15480
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   609
	  ultimately have "(B,g c \<cdot> d) \<in> foldSet f g z"
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   610
	    by(rule Diff1_foldSet)
15510
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   611
	  hence "g c \<cdot> d = u" by (rule IH [OF lessB Beq inj_onB Bu]) 
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   612
          moreover have "g b \<cdot> d = v"
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   613
	  proof (rule IH[OF lessC Ceq inj_onC Cv])
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   614
	    show "(C, g b \<cdot> d) \<in> foldSet f g z" using C notinB Dfoldd
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   615
	      by fastsimp
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   616
	  qed
15510
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   617
	  ultimately show ?thesis using x x' by (auto simp: AC)
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   618
	qed
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   619
      qed
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   620
    qed
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   621
  qed
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   622
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   623
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   624
lemma (in ACf) foldSet_determ:
15510
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   625
  "(A,x) : foldSet f g z ==> (A,y) : foldSet f g z ==> y = x"
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   626
apply (frule foldSet_imp_finite [THEN finite_imp_nat_seg_image_inj_on]) 
9de204d7b699 new foldSet proofs
paulson
parents: 15509
diff changeset
   627
apply (blast intro: foldSet_determ_aux [rule_format])
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   628
done
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   629
15480
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   630
lemma (in ACf) fold_equality: "(A, y) : foldSet f g z ==> fold f g z A = y"
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   631
  by (unfold fold_def) (blast intro: foldSet_determ)
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   632
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   633
text{* The base case for @{text fold}: *}
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   634
15480
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   635
lemma fold_empty [simp]: "fold f g z {} = z"
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   636
  by (unfold fold_def) blast
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   637
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   638
lemma (in ACf) fold_insert_aux: "x \<notin> A ==>
15480
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   639
    ((insert x A, v) : foldSet f g z) =
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   640
    (EX y. (A, y) : foldSet f g z & v = f (g x) y)"
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   641
  apply auto
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   642
  apply (rule_tac A1 = A and f1 = f in finite_imp_foldSet [THEN exE])
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   643
   apply (fastsimp dest: foldSet_imp_finite)
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   644
  apply (blast intro: foldSet_determ)
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   645
  done
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   646
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   647
text{* The recursion equation for @{text fold}: *}
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   648
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   649
lemma (in ACf) fold_insert[simp]:
15480
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   650
    "finite A ==> x \<notin> A ==> fold f g z (insert x A) = f (g x) (fold f g z A)"
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   651
  apply (unfold fold_def)
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   652
  apply (simp add: fold_insert_aux)
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   653
  apply (rule the_equality)
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   654
  apply (auto intro: finite_imp_foldSet
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   655
    cong add: conj_cong simp add: fold_def [symmetric] fold_equality)
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   656
  done
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   657
15535
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
   658
lemma (in ACf) fold_rec:
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
   659
assumes fin: "finite A" and a: "a:A"
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
   660
shows "fold f g z A = f (g a) (fold f g z (A - {a}))"
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
   661
proof-
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
   662
  have A: "A = insert a (A - {a})" using a by blast
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
   663
  hence "fold f g z A = fold f g z (insert a (A - {a}))" by simp
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
   664
  also have "\<dots> = f (g a) (fold f g z (A - {a}))"
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
   665
    by(rule fold_insert) (simp add:fin)+
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
   666
  finally show ?thesis .
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
   667
qed
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
   668
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   669
15480
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   670
text{* A simplified version for idempotent functions: *}
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   671
15509
c54970704285 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15508
diff changeset
   672
lemma (in ACIf) fold_insert_idem:
15480
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   673
assumes finA: "finite A"
15508
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
   674
shows "fold f g z (insert a A) = g a \<cdot> fold f g z A"
15480
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   675
proof cases
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   676
  assume "a \<in> A"
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   677
  then obtain B where A: "A = insert a B" and disj: "a \<notin> B"
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   678
    by(blast dest: mk_disjoint_insert)
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   679
  show ?thesis
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   680
  proof -
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   681
    from finA A have finB: "finite B" by(blast intro: finite_subset)
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   682
    have "fold f g z (insert a A) = fold f g z (insert a B)" using A by simp
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   683
    also have "\<dots> = (g a) \<cdot> (fold f g z B)"
15506
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
   684
      using finB disj by simp
15480
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   685
    also have "\<dots> = g a \<cdot> fold f g z A"
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   686
      using A finB disj by(simp add:idem assoc[symmetric])
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   687
    finally show ?thesis .
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   688
  qed
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   689
next
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   690
  assume "a \<notin> A"
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   691
  with finA show ?thesis by simp
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   692
qed
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   693
15484
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
   694
lemma (in ACIf) foldI_conv_id:
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
   695
  "finite A \<Longrightarrow> fold f g z A = fold f id z (g ` A)"
15509
c54970704285 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15508
diff changeset
   696
by(erule finite_induct)(simp_all add: fold_insert_idem del: fold_insert)
15484
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
   697
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   698
subsubsection{*Lemmas about @{text fold}*}
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   699
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   700
lemma (in ACf) fold_commute:
15487
55497029b255 generalization and tidying
paulson
parents: 15484
diff changeset
   701
  "finite A ==> (!!z. f x (fold f g z A) = fold f g (f x z) A)"
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   702
  apply (induct set: Finites, simp)
15487
55497029b255 generalization and tidying
paulson
parents: 15484
diff changeset
   703
  apply (simp add: left_commute [of x])
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   704
  done
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   705
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   706
lemma (in ACf) fold_nest_Un_Int:
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   707
  "finite A ==> finite B
15480
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   708
    ==> fold f g (fold f g z B) A = fold f g (fold f g z (A Int B)) (A Un B)"
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   709
  apply (induct set: Finites, simp)
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   710
  apply (simp add: fold_commute Int_insert_left insert_absorb)
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   711
  done
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   712
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   713
lemma (in ACf) fold_nest_Un_disjoint:
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   714
  "finite A ==> finite B ==> A Int B = {}
15480
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   715
    ==> fold f g z (A Un B) = fold f g (fold f g z B) A"
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   716
  by (simp add: fold_nest_Un_Int)
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   717
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   718
lemma (in ACf) fold_reindex:
15487
55497029b255 generalization and tidying
paulson
parents: 15484
diff changeset
   719
assumes fin: "finite A"
55497029b255 generalization and tidying
paulson
parents: 15484
diff changeset
   720
shows "inj_on h A \<Longrightarrow> fold f g z (h ` A) = fold f (g \<circ> h) z A"
15506
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
   721
using fin apply induct
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   722
 apply simp
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   723
apply simp
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   724
done
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   725
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   726
lemma (in ACe) fold_Un_Int:
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   727
  "finite A ==> finite B ==>
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   728
    fold f g e A \<cdot> fold f g e B =
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   729
    fold f g e (A Un B) \<cdot> fold f g e (A Int B)"
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   730
  apply (induct set: Finites, simp)
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   731
  apply (simp add: AC insert_absorb Int_insert_left)
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   732
  done
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   733
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   734
corollary (in ACe) fold_Un_disjoint:
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   735
  "finite A ==> finite B ==> A Int B = {} ==>
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   736
    fold f g e (A Un B) = fold f g e A \<cdot> fold f g e B"
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   737
  by (simp add: fold_Un_Int)
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   738
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   739
lemma (in ACe) fold_UN_disjoint:
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   740
  "\<lbrakk> finite I; ALL i:I. finite (A i);
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   741
     ALL i:I. ALL j:I. i \<noteq> j --> A i Int A j = {} \<rbrakk>
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   742
   \<Longrightarrow> fold f g e (UNION I A) =
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   743
       fold f (%i. fold f g e (A i)) e I"
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   744
  apply (induct set: Finites, simp, atomize)
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   745
  apply (subgoal_tac "ALL i:F. x \<noteq> i")
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   746
   prefer 2 apply blast
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   747
  apply (subgoal_tac "A x Int UNION F A = {}")
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   748
   prefer 2 apply blast
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   749
  apply (simp add: fold_Un_disjoint)
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   750
  done
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   751
15506
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
   752
text{*Fusion theorem, as described in
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
   753
Graham Hutton's paper,
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
   754
A Tutorial on the Universality and Expressiveness of Fold,
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
   755
JFP 9:4 (355-372), 1999.*}
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
   756
lemma (in ACf) fold_fusion:
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
   757
      includes ACf g
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
   758
      shows
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
   759
	"finite A ==> 
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
   760
	 (!!x y. h (g x y) = f x (h y)) ==>
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
   761
         h (fold g j w A) = fold f j (h w) A"
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
   762
  by (induct set: Finites, simp_all)
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
   763
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   764
lemma (in ACf) fold_cong:
15480
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   765
  "finite A \<Longrightarrow> (!!x. x:A ==> g x = h x) ==> fold f g z A = fold f h z A"
cb3612cc41a3 renamed a few vars, added a lemma
nipkow
parents: 15479
diff changeset
   766
  apply (subgoal_tac "ALL C. C <= A --> (ALL x:C. g x = h x) --> fold f g z C = fold f h z C")
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   767
   apply simp
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   768
  apply (erule finite_induct, simp)
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   769
  apply (simp add: subset_insert_iff, clarify)
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   770
  apply (subgoal_tac "finite C")
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   771
   prefer 2 apply (blast dest: finite_subset [COMP swap_prems_rl])
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   772
  apply (subgoal_tac "C = insert x (C - {x})")
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   773
   prefer 2 apply blast
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   774
  apply (erule ssubst)
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   775
  apply (drule spec)
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   776
  apply (erule (1) notE impE)
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   777
  apply (simp add: Ball_def del: insert_Diff_single)
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   778
  done
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   779
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   780
lemma (in ACe) fold_Sigma: "finite A ==> ALL x:A. finite (B x) ==>
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   781
  fold f (%x. fold f (g x) e (B x)) e A =
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   782
  fold f (split g) e (SIGMA x:A. B x)"
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   783
apply (subst Sigma_def)
15506
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
   784
apply (subst fold_UN_disjoint, assumption, simp)
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   785
 apply blast
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   786
apply (erule fold_cong)
15506
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
   787
apply (subst fold_UN_disjoint, simp, simp)
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   788
 apply blast
15506
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
   789
apply simp
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   790
done
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   791
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   792
lemma (in ACe) fold_distrib: "finite A \<Longrightarrow>
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   793
   fold f (%x. f (g x) (h x)) e A = f (fold f g e A) (fold f h e A)"
15506
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
   794
apply (erule finite_induct, simp)
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   795
apply (simp add:AC)
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   796
done
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   797
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
   798
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   799
subsection {* Generalized summation over a set *}
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   800
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   801
constdefs
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   802
  setsum :: "('a => 'b) => 'a set => 'b::comm_monoid_add"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   803
  "setsum f A == if finite A then fold (op +) f 0 A else 0"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   804
19535
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
   805
abbreviation
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
   806
  Setsum  ("\<Sum>_" [1000] 999)
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
   807
  "\<Sum>A == setsum (%x. x) A"
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
   808
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   809
text{* Now: lot's of fancy syntax. First, @{term "setsum (%x. e) A"} is
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   810
written @{text"\<Sum>x\<in>A. e"}. *}
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   811
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   812
syntax
17189
b15f8e094874 patterns in setsum and setprod
paulson
parents: 17149
diff changeset
   813
  "_setsum" :: "pttrn => 'a set => 'b => 'b::comm_monoid_add"    ("(3SUM _:_. _)" [0, 51, 10] 10)
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   814
syntax (xsymbols)
17189
b15f8e094874 patterns in setsum and setprod
paulson
parents: 17149
diff changeset
   815
  "_setsum" :: "pttrn => 'a set => 'b => 'b::comm_monoid_add"    ("(3\<Sum>_\<in>_. _)" [0, 51, 10] 10)
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   816
syntax (HTML output)
17189
b15f8e094874 patterns in setsum and setprod
paulson
parents: 17149
diff changeset
   817
  "_setsum" :: "pttrn => 'a set => 'b => 'b::comm_monoid_add"    ("(3\<Sum>_\<in>_. _)" [0, 51, 10] 10)
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   818
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   819
translations -- {* Beware of argument permutation! *}
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   820
  "SUM i:A. b" == "setsum (%i. b) A"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   821
  "\<Sum>i\<in>A. b" == "setsum (%i. b) A"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   822
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   823
text{* Instead of @{term"\<Sum>x\<in>{x. P}. e"} we introduce the shorter
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   824
 @{text"\<Sum>x|P. e"}. *}
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   825
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   826
syntax
17189
b15f8e094874 patterns in setsum and setprod
paulson
parents: 17149
diff changeset
   827
  "_qsetsum" :: "pttrn \<Rightarrow> bool \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'a" ("(3SUM _ |/ _./ _)" [0,0,10] 10)
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   828
syntax (xsymbols)
17189
b15f8e094874 patterns in setsum and setprod
paulson
parents: 17149
diff changeset
   829
  "_qsetsum" :: "pttrn \<Rightarrow> bool \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'a" ("(3\<Sum>_ | (_)./ _)" [0,0,10] 10)
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   830
syntax (HTML output)
17189
b15f8e094874 patterns in setsum and setprod
paulson
parents: 17149
diff changeset
   831
  "_qsetsum" :: "pttrn \<Rightarrow> bool \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'a" ("(3\<Sum>_ | (_)./ _)" [0,0,10] 10)
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   832
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   833
translations
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   834
  "SUM x|P. t" => "setsum (%x. t) {x. P}"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   835
  "\<Sum>x|P. t" => "setsum (%x. t) {x. P}"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   836
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   837
print_translation {*
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   838
let
19535
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
   839
  fun setsum_tr' [Abs(x,Tx,t), Const ("Collect",_) $ Abs(y,Ty,P)] = 
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
   840
    if x<>y then raise Match
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
   841
    else let val x' = Syntax.mark_bound x
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
   842
             val t' = subst_bound(x',t)
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
   843
             val P' = subst_bound(x',P)
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
   844
         in Syntax.const "_qsetsum" $ Syntax.mark_bound x $ P' $ t' end
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
   845
in [("setsum", setsum_tr')] end
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   846
*}
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   847
19535
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
   848
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   849
lemma setsum_empty [simp]: "setsum f {} = 0"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   850
  by (simp add: setsum_def)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   851
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   852
lemma setsum_insert [simp]:
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   853
    "finite F ==> a \<notin> F ==> setsum f (insert a F) = f a + setsum f F"
15765
6472d4942992 Cleaned up, now uses interpretation.
ballarin
parents: 15554
diff changeset
   854
  by (simp add: setsum_def)
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   855
15409
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
   856
lemma setsum_infinite [simp]: "~ finite A ==> setsum f A = 0"
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
   857
  by (simp add: setsum_def)
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
   858
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   859
lemma setsum_reindex:
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   860
     "inj_on f B ==> setsum h (f ` B) = setsum (h \<circ> f) B"
15765
6472d4942992 Cleaned up, now uses interpretation.
ballarin
parents: 15554
diff changeset
   861
by(auto simp add: setsum_def AC_add.fold_reindex dest!:finite_imageD)
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   862
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   863
lemma setsum_reindex_id:
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   864
     "inj_on f B ==> setsum f B = setsum id (f ` B)"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   865
by (auto simp add: setsum_reindex)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   866
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   867
lemma setsum_cong:
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   868
  "A = B ==> (!!x. x:B ==> f x = g x) ==> setsum f A = setsum g B"
15765
6472d4942992 Cleaned up, now uses interpretation.
ballarin
parents: 15554
diff changeset
   869
by(fastsimp simp: setsum_def intro: AC_add.fold_cong)
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   870
16733
236dfafbeb63 linear arithmetic now takes "&" in assumptions apart.
nipkow
parents: 16632
diff changeset
   871
lemma strong_setsum_cong[cong]:
236dfafbeb63 linear arithmetic now takes "&" in assumptions apart.
nipkow
parents: 16632
diff changeset
   872
  "A = B ==> (!!x. x:B =simp=> f x = g x)
236dfafbeb63 linear arithmetic now takes "&" in assumptions apart.
nipkow
parents: 16632
diff changeset
   873
   ==> setsum (%x. f x) A = setsum (%x. g x) B"
16632
ad2895beef79 Added strong_setsum_cong and strong_setprod_cong.
berghofe
parents: 16550
diff changeset
   874
by(fastsimp simp: simp_implies_def setsum_def intro: AC_add.fold_cong)
ad2895beef79 Added strong_setsum_cong and strong_setprod_cong.
berghofe
parents: 16550
diff changeset
   875
15554
03d4347b071d integrated Jeremy's FiniteLib
nipkow
parents: 15552
diff changeset
   876
lemma setsum_cong2: "\<lbrakk>\<And>x. x \<in> A \<Longrightarrow> f x = g x\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> setsum f A = setsum g A";
03d4347b071d integrated Jeremy's FiniteLib
nipkow
parents: 15552
diff changeset
   877
  by (rule setsum_cong[OF refl], auto);
03d4347b071d integrated Jeremy's FiniteLib
nipkow
parents: 15552
diff changeset
   878
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   879
lemma setsum_reindex_cong:
15554
03d4347b071d integrated Jeremy's FiniteLib
nipkow
parents: 15552
diff changeset
   880
     "[|inj_on f A; B = f ` A; !!a. a:A \<Longrightarrow> g a = h (f a)|] 
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   881
      ==> setsum h B = setsum g A"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   882
  by (simp add: setsum_reindex cong: setsum_cong)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   883
15542
ee6cd48cf840 more fine tuniung
nipkow
parents: 15539
diff changeset
   884
lemma setsum_0[simp]: "setsum (%i. 0) A = 0"
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   885
apply (clarsimp simp: setsum_def)
15765
6472d4942992 Cleaned up, now uses interpretation.
ballarin
parents: 15554
diff changeset
   886
apply (erule finite_induct, auto)
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   887
done
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   888
15543
0024472afce7 more setsum tuning
nipkow
parents: 15542
diff changeset
   889
lemma setsum_0': "ALL a:A. f a = 0 ==> setsum f A = 0"
0024472afce7 more setsum tuning
nipkow
parents: 15542
diff changeset
   890
by(simp add:setsum_cong)
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   891
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   892
lemma setsum_Un_Int: "finite A ==> finite B ==>
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   893
  setsum g (A Un B) + setsum g (A Int B) = setsum g A + setsum g B"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   894
  -- {* The reversed orientation looks more natural, but LOOPS as a simprule! *}
15765
6472d4942992 Cleaned up, now uses interpretation.
ballarin
parents: 15554
diff changeset
   895
by(simp add: setsum_def AC_add.fold_Un_Int [symmetric])
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   896
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   897
lemma setsum_Un_disjoint: "finite A ==> finite B
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   898
  ==> A Int B = {} ==> setsum g (A Un B) = setsum g A + setsum g B"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   899
by (subst setsum_Un_Int [symmetric], auto)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   900
15409
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
   901
(*But we can't get rid of finite I. If infinite, although the rhs is 0, 
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
   902
  the lhs need not be, since UNION I A could still be finite.*)
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   903
lemma setsum_UN_disjoint:
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   904
    "finite I ==> (ALL i:I. finite (A i)) ==>
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   905
        (ALL i:I. ALL j:I. i \<noteq> j --> A i Int A j = {}) ==>
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   906
      setsum f (UNION I A) = (\<Sum>i\<in>I. setsum f (A i))"
15765
6472d4942992 Cleaned up, now uses interpretation.
ballarin
parents: 15554
diff changeset
   907
by(simp add: setsum_def AC_add.fold_UN_disjoint cong: setsum_cong)
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   908
15409
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
   909
text{*No need to assume that @{term C} is finite.  If infinite, the rhs is
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
   910
directly 0, and @{term "Union C"} is also infinite, hence the lhs is also 0.*}
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   911
lemma setsum_Union_disjoint:
15409
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
   912
  "[| (ALL A:C. finite A);
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
   913
      (ALL A:C. ALL B:C. A \<noteq> B --> A Int B = {}) |]
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
   914
   ==> setsum f (Union C) = setsum (setsum f) C"
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
   915
apply (cases "finite C") 
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
   916
 prefer 2 apply (force dest: finite_UnionD simp add: setsum_def)
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   917
  apply (frule setsum_UN_disjoint [of C id f])
15409
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
   918
 apply (unfold Union_def id_def, assumption+)
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
   919
done
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   920
15409
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
   921
(*But we can't get rid of finite A. If infinite, although the lhs is 0, 
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
   922
  the rhs need not be, since SIGMA A B could still be finite.*)
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   923
lemma setsum_Sigma: "finite A ==> ALL x:A. finite (B x) ==>
17189
b15f8e094874 patterns in setsum and setprod
paulson
parents: 17149
diff changeset
   924
    (\<Sum>x\<in>A. (\<Sum>y\<in>B x. f x y)) = (\<Sum>(x,y)\<in>(SIGMA x:A. B x). f x y)"
15765
6472d4942992 Cleaned up, now uses interpretation.
ballarin
parents: 15554
diff changeset
   925
by(simp add:setsum_def AC_add.fold_Sigma split_def cong:setsum_cong)
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   926
15409
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
   927
text{*Here we can eliminate the finiteness assumptions, by cases.*}
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
   928
lemma setsum_cartesian_product: 
17189
b15f8e094874 patterns in setsum and setprod
paulson
parents: 17149
diff changeset
   929
   "(\<Sum>x\<in>A. (\<Sum>y\<in>B. f x y)) = (\<Sum>(x,y) \<in> A <*> B. f x y)"
15409
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
   930
apply (cases "finite A") 
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
   931
 apply (cases "finite B") 
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
   932
  apply (simp add: setsum_Sigma)
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
   933
 apply (cases "A={}", simp)
15543
0024472afce7 more setsum tuning
nipkow
parents: 15542
diff changeset
   934
 apply (simp) 
15409
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
   935
apply (auto simp add: setsum_def
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
   936
            dest: finite_cartesian_productD1 finite_cartesian_productD2) 
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
   937
done
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   938
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   939
lemma setsum_addf: "setsum (%x. f x + g x) A = (setsum f A + setsum g A)"
15765
6472d4942992 Cleaned up, now uses interpretation.
ballarin
parents: 15554
diff changeset
   940
by(simp add:setsum_def AC_add.fold_distrib)
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   941
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   942
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   943
subsubsection {* Properties in more restricted classes of structures *}
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   944
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   945
lemma setsum_SucD: "setsum f A = Suc n ==> EX a:A. 0 < f a"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   946
  apply (case_tac "finite A")
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   947
   prefer 2 apply (simp add: setsum_def)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   948
  apply (erule rev_mp)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   949
  apply (erule finite_induct, auto)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   950
  done
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   951
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   952
lemma setsum_eq_0_iff [simp]:
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   953
    "finite F ==> (setsum f F = 0) = (ALL a:F. f a = (0::nat))"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   954
  by (induct set: Finites) auto
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   955
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   956
lemma setsum_Un_nat: "finite A ==> finite B ==>
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   957
    (setsum f (A Un B) :: nat) = setsum f A + setsum f B - setsum f (A Int B)"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   958
  -- {* For the natural numbers, we have subtraction. *}
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   959
  by (subst setsum_Un_Int [symmetric], auto simp add: ring_eq_simps)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   960
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   961
lemma setsum_Un: "finite A ==> finite B ==>
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   962
    (setsum f (A Un B) :: 'a :: ab_group_add) =
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   963
      setsum f A + setsum f B - setsum f (A Int B)"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   964
  by (subst setsum_Un_Int [symmetric], auto simp add: ring_eq_simps)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   965
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   966
lemma setsum_diff1_nat: "(setsum f (A - {a}) :: nat) =
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   967
    (if a:A then setsum f A - f a else setsum f A)"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   968
  apply (case_tac "finite A")
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   969
   prefer 2 apply (simp add: setsum_def)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   970
  apply (erule finite_induct)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   971
   apply (auto simp add: insert_Diff_if)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   972
  apply (drule_tac a = a in mk_disjoint_insert, auto)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   973
  done
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   974
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   975
lemma setsum_diff1: "finite A \<Longrightarrow>
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   976
  (setsum f (A - {a}) :: ('a::ab_group_add)) =
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   977
  (if a:A then setsum f A - f a else setsum f A)"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   978
  by (erule finite_induct) (auto simp add: insert_Diff_if)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   979
15552
8ab8e425410b added setsum_diff1' which holds in more general cases than setsum_diff1
obua
parents: 15543
diff changeset
   980
lemma setsum_diff1'[rule_format]: "finite A \<Longrightarrow> a \<in> A \<longrightarrow> (\<Sum> x \<in> A. f x) = f a + (\<Sum> x \<in> (A - {a}). f x)"
8ab8e425410b added setsum_diff1' which holds in more general cases than setsum_diff1
obua
parents: 15543
diff changeset
   981
  apply (erule finite_induct[where F=A and P="% A. (a \<in> A \<longrightarrow> (\<Sum> x \<in> A. f x) = f a + (\<Sum> x \<in> (A - {a}). f x))"])
8ab8e425410b added setsum_diff1' which holds in more general cases than setsum_diff1
obua
parents: 15543
diff changeset
   982
  apply (auto simp add: insert_Diff_if add_ac)
8ab8e425410b added setsum_diff1' which holds in more general cases than setsum_diff1
obua
parents: 15543
diff changeset
   983
  done
8ab8e425410b added setsum_diff1' which holds in more general cases than setsum_diff1
obua
parents: 15543
diff changeset
   984
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   985
(* By Jeremy Siek: *)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   986
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   987
lemma setsum_diff_nat: 
19535
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
   988
  assumes "finite B"
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
   989
    and "B \<subseteq> A"
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
   990
  shows "(setsum f (A - B) :: nat) = (setsum f A) - (setsum f B)"
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
   991
  using prems
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
   992
proof induct
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   993
  show "setsum f (A - {}) = (setsum f A) - (setsum f {})" by simp
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   994
next
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   995
  fix F x assume finF: "finite F" and xnotinF: "x \<notin> F"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   996
    and xFinA: "insert x F \<subseteq> A"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   997
    and IH: "F \<subseteq> A \<Longrightarrow> setsum f (A - F) = setsum f A - setsum f F"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   998
  from xnotinF xFinA have xinAF: "x \<in> (A - F)" by simp
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
   999
  from xinAF have A: "setsum f ((A - F) - {x}) = setsum f (A - F) - f x"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1000
    by (simp add: setsum_diff1_nat)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1001
  from xFinA have "F \<subseteq> A" by simp
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1002
  with IH have "setsum f (A - F) = setsum f A - setsum f F" by simp
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1003
  with A have B: "setsum f ((A - F) - {x}) = setsum f A - setsum f F - f x"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1004
    by simp
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1005
  from xnotinF have "A - insert x F = (A - F) - {x}" by auto
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1006
  with B have C: "setsum f (A - insert x F) = setsum f A - setsum f F - f x"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1007
    by simp
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1008
  from finF xnotinF have "setsum f (insert x F) = setsum f F + f x" by simp
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1009
  with C have "setsum f (A - insert x F) = setsum f A - setsum f (insert x F)"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1010
    by simp
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1011
  thus "setsum f (A - insert x F) = setsum f A - setsum f (insert x F)" by simp
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1012
qed
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1013
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1014
lemma setsum_diff:
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1015
  assumes le: "finite A" "B \<subseteq> A"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1016
  shows "setsum f (A - B) = setsum f A - ((setsum f B)::('a::ab_group_add))"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1017
proof -
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1018
  from le have finiteB: "finite B" using finite_subset by auto
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1019
  show ?thesis using finiteB le
19535
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1020
  proof (induct)
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1021
    case empty
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1022
    thus ?case by auto
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1023
  next
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1024
    case (insert x F)
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1025
    thus ?case using le finiteB 
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1026
      by (simp add: Diff_insert[where a=x and B=F] setsum_diff1 insert_absorb)
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1027
  qed
19535
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1028
qed
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1029
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1030
lemma setsum_mono:
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1031
  assumes le: "\<And>i. i\<in>K \<Longrightarrow> f (i::'a) \<le> ((g i)::('b::{comm_monoid_add, pordered_ab_semigroup_add}))"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1032
  shows "(\<Sum>i\<in>K. f i) \<le> (\<Sum>i\<in>K. g i)"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1033
proof (cases "finite K")
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1034
  case True
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1035
  thus ?thesis using le
19535
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1036
  proof induct
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1037
    case empty
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1038
    thus ?case by simp
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1039
  next
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1040
    case insert
19535
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1041
    thus ?case using add_mono by fastsimp
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1042
  qed
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1043
next
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1044
  case False
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1045
  thus ?thesis
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1046
    by (simp add: setsum_def)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1047
qed
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1048
15554
03d4347b071d integrated Jeremy's FiniteLib
nipkow
parents: 15552
diff changeset
  1049
lemma setsum_strict_mono:
19535
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1050
  fixes f :: "'a \<Rightarrow> 'b::{pordered_cancel_ab_semigroup_add,comm_monoid_add}"
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1051
  assumes "finite A"  "A \<noteq> {}"
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1052
    and "!!x. x:A \<Longrightarrow> f x < g x"
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1053
  shows "setsum f A < setsum g A"
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1054
  using prems
15554
03d4347b071d integrated Jeremy's FiniteLib
nipkow
parents: 15552
diff changeset
  1055
proof (induct rule: finite_ne_induct)
03d4347b071d integrated Jeremy's FiniteLib
nipkow
parents: 15552
diff changeset
  1056
  case singleton thus ?case by simp
03d4347b071d integrated Jeremy's FiniteLib
nipkow
parents: 15552
diff changeset
  1057
next
03d4347b071d integrated Jeremy's FiniteLib
nipkow
parents: 15552
diff changeset
  1058
  case insert thus ?case by (auto simp: add_strict_mono)
03d4347b071d integrated Jeremy's FiniteLib
nipkow
parents: 15552
diff changeset
  1059
qed
03d4347b071d integrated Jeremy's FiniteLib
nipkow
parents: 15552
diff changeset
  1060
15535
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1061
lemma setsum_negf:
19535
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1062
  "setsum (%x. - (f x)::'a::ab_group_add) A = - setsum f A"
15535
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1063
proof (cases "finite A")
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1064
  case True thus ?thesis by (induct set: Finites, auto)
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1065
next
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1066
  case False thus ?thesis by (simp add: setsum_def)
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1067
qed
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1068
15535
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1069
lemma setsum_subtractf:
19535
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1070
  "setsum (%x. ((f x)::'a::ab_group_add) - g x) A =
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1071
    setsum f A - setsum g A"
15535
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1072
proof (cases "finite A")
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1073
  case True thus ?thesis by (simp add: diff_minus setsum_addf setsum_negf)
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1074
next
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1075
  case False thus ?thesis by (simp add: setsum_def)
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1076
qed
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1077
15535
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1078
lemma setsum_nonneg:
19535
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1079
  assumes nn: "\<forall>x\<in>A. (0::'a::{pordered_ab_semigroup_add,comm_monoid_add}) \<le> f x"
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1080
  shows "0 \<le> setsum f A"
15535
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1081
proof (cases "finite A")
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1082
  case True thus ?thesis using nn
19535
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1083
  proof (induct)
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1084
    case empty then show ?case by simp
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1085
  next
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1086
    case (insert x F)
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1087
    then have "0 + 0 \<le> f x + setsum f F" by (blast intro: add_mono)
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1088
    with insert show ?case by simp
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1089
  qed
15535
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1090
next
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1091
  case False thus ?thesis by (simp add: setsum_def)
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1092
qed
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1093
15535
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1094
lemma setsum_nonpos:
19535
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1095
  assumes np: "\<forall>x\<in>A. f x \<le> (0::'a::{pordered_ab_semigroup_add,comm_monoid_add})"
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1096
  shows "setsum f A \<le> 0"
15535
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1097
proof (cases "finite A")
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1098
  case True thus ?thesis using np
19535
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1099
  proof (induct)
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1100
    case empty then show ?case by simp
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1101
  next
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1102
    case (insert x F)
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1103
    then have "f x + setsum f F \<le> 0 + 0" by (blast intro: add_mono)
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1104
    with insert show ?case by simp
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1105
  qed
15535
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1106
next
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1107
  case False thus ?thesis by (simp add: setsum_def)
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1108
qed
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1109
15539
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1110
lemma setsum_mono2:
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1111
fixes f :: "'a \<Rightarrow> 'b :: {pordered_ab_semigroup_add_imp_le,comm_monoid_add}"
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1112
assumes fin: "finite B" and sub: "A \<subseteq> B" and nn: "\<And>b. b \<in> B-A \<Longrightarrow> 0 \<le> f b"
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1113
shows "setsum f A \<le> setsum f B"
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1114
proof -
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1115
  have "setsum f A \<le> setsum f A + setsum f (B-A)"
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1116
    by(simp add: add_increasing2[OF setsum_nonneg] nn Ball_def)
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1117
  also have "\<dots> = setsum f (A \<union> (B-A))" using fin finite_subset[OF sub fin]
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1118
    by (simp add:setsum_Un_disjoint del:Un_Diff_cancel)
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1119
  also have "A \<union> (B-A) = B" using sub by blast
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1120
  finally show ?thesis .
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1121
qed
15542
ee6cd48cf840 more fine tuniung
nipkow
parents: 15539
diff changeset
  1122
16775
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16760
diff changeset
  1123
lemma setsum_mono3: "finite B ==> A <= B ==> 
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16760
diff changeset
  1124
    ALL x: B - A. 
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16760
diff changeset
  1125
      0 <= ((f x)::'a::{comm_monoid_add,pordered_ab_semigroup_add}) ==>
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16760
diff changeset
  1126
        setsum f A <= setsum f B"
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16760
diff changeset
  1127
  apply (subgoal_tac "setsum f B = setsum f A + setsum f (B - A)")
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16760
diff changeset
  1128
  apply (erule ssubst)
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16760
diff changeset
  1129
  apply (subgoal_tac "setsum f A + 0 <= setsum f A + setsum f (B - A)")
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16760
diff changeset
  1130
  apply simp
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16760
diff changeset
  1131
  apply (rule add_left_mono)
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16760
diff changeset
  1132
  apply (erule setsum_nonneg)
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16760
diff changeset
  1133
  apply (subst setsum_Un_disjoint [THEN sym])
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16760
diff changeset
  1134
  apply (erule finite_subset, assumption)
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16760
diff changeset
  1135
  apply (rule finite_subset)
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16760
diff changeset
  1136
  prefer 2
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16760
diff changeset
  1137
  apply assumption
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16760
diff changeset
  1138
  apply auto
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16760
diff changeset
  1139
  apply (rule setsum_cong)
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16760
diff changeset
  1140
  apply auto
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16760
diff changeset
  1141
done
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16760
diff changeset
  1142
19279
48b527d0331b Renamed setsum_mult to setsum_right_distrib.
ballarin
parents: 18493
diff changeset
  1143
lemma setsum_right_distrib: 
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1144
  fixes f :: "'a => ('b::semiring_0_cancel)"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1145
  shows "r * setsum f A = setsum (%n. r * f n) A"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1146
proof (cases "finite A")
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1147
  case True
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1148
  thus ?thesis
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1149
  proof (induct)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1150
    case empty thus ?case by simp
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1151
  next
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1152
    case (insert x A) thus ?case by (simp add: right_distrib)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1153
  qed
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1154
next
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1155
  case False thus ?thesis by (simp add: setsum_def)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1156
qed
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1157
17149
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1158
lemma setsum_left_distrib:
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1159
  "setsum f A * (r::'a::semiring_0_cancel) = (\<Sum>n\<in>A. f n * r)"
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1160
proof (cases "finite A")
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1161
  case True
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1162
  then show ?thesis
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1163
  proof induct
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1164
    case empty thus ?case by simp
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1165
  next
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1166
    case (insert x A) thus ?case by (simp add: left_distrib)
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1167
  qed
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1168
next
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1169
  case False thus ?thesis by (simp add: setsum_def)
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1170
qed
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1171
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1172
lemma setsum_divide_distrib:
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1173
  "setsum f A / (r::'a::field) = (\<Sum>n\<in>A. f n / r)"
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1174
proof (cases "finite A")
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1175
  case True
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1176
  then show ?thesis
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1177
  proof induct
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1178
    case empty thus ?case by simp
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1179
  next
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1180
    case (insert x A) thus ?case by (simp add: add_divide_distrib)
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1181
  qed
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1182
next
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1183
  case False thus ?thesis by (simp add: setsum_def)
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1184
qed
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1185
15535
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1186
lemma setsum_abs[iff]: 
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1187
  fixes f :: "'a => ('b::lordered_ab_group_abs)"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1188
  shows "abs (setsum f A) \<le> setsum (%i. abs(f i)) A"
15535
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1189
proof (cases "finite A")
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1190
  case True
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1191
  thus ?thesis
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1192
  proof (induct)
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1193
    case empty thus ?case by simp
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1194
  next
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1195
    case (insert x A)
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1196
    thus ?case by (auto intro: abs_triangle_ineq order_trans)
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1197
  qed
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1198
next
15535
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1199
  case False thus ?thesis by (simp add: setsum_def)
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1200
qed
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1201
15535
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1202
lemma setsum_abs_ge_zero[iff]: 
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1203
  fixes f :: "'a => ('b::lordered_ab_group_abs)"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1204
  shows "0 \<le> setsum (%i. abs(f i)) A"
15535
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1205
proof (cases "finite A")
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1206
  case True
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1207
  thus ?thesis
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1208
  proof (induct)
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1209
    case empty thus ?case by simp
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1210
  next
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1211
    case (insert x A) thus ?case by (auto intro: order_trans)
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1212
  qed
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1213
next
15535
nipkow
parents: 15532
diff changeset
  1214
  case False thus ?thesis by (simp add: setsum_def)
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1215
qed
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1216
15539
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1217
lemma abs_setsum_abs[simp]: 
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1218
  fixes f :: "'a => ('b::lordered_ab_group_abs)"
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1219
  shows "abs (\<Sum>a\<in>A. abs(f a)) = (\<Sum>a\<in>A. abs(f a))"
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1220
proof (cases "finite A")
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1221
  case True
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1222
  thus ?thesis
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1223
  proof (induct)
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1224
    case empty thus ?case by simp
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1225
  next
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1226
    case (insert a A)
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1227
    hence "\<bar>\<Sum>a\<in>insert a A. \<bar>f a\<bar>\<bar> = \<bar>\<bar>f a\<bar> + (\<Sum>a\<in>A. \<bar>f a\<bar>)\<bar>" by simp
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1228
    also have "\<dots> = \<bar>\<bar>f a\<bar> + \<bar>\<Sum>a\<in>A. \<bar>f a\<bar>\<bar>\<bar>"  using insert by simp
16775
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16760
diff changeset
  1229
    also have "\<dots> = \<bar>f a\<bar> + \<bar>\<Sum>a\<in>A. \<bar>f a\<bar>\<bar>"
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16760
diff changeset
  1230
      by (simp del: abs_of_nonneg)
15539
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1231
    also have "\<dots> = (\<Sum>a\<in>insert a A. \<bar>f a\<bar>)" using insert by simp
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1232
    finally show ?case .
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1233
  qed
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1234
next
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1235
  case False thus ?thesis by (simp add: setsum_def)
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1236
qed
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1237
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1238
17149
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1239
text {* Commuting outer and inner summation *}
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1240
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1241
lemma swap_inj_on:
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1242
  "inj_on (%(i, j). (j, i)) (A \<times> B)"
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1243
  by (unfold inj_on_def) fast
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1244
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1245
lemma swap_product:
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1246
  "(%(i, j). (j, i)) ` (A \<times> B) = B \<times> A"
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1247
  by (simp add: split_def image_def) blast
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1248
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1249
lemma setsum_commute:
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1250
  "(\<Sum>i\<in>A. \<Sum>j\<in>B. f i j) = (\<Sum>j\<in>B. \<Sum>i\<in>A. f i j)"
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1251
proof (simp add: setsum_cartesian_product)
17189
b15f8e094874 patterns in setsum and setprod
paulson
parents: 17149
diff changeset
  1252
  have "(\<Sum>(x,y) \<in> A <*> B. f x y) =
b15f8e094874 patterns in setsum and setprod
paulson
parents: 17149
diff changeset
  1253
    (\<Sum>(y,x) \<in> (%(i, j). (j, i)) ` (A \<times> B). f x y)"
17149
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1254
    (is "?s = _")
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1255
    apply (simp add: setsum_reindex [where f = "%(i, j). (j, i)"] swap_inj_on)
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1256
    apply (simp add: split_def)
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1257
    done
17189
b15f8e094874 patterns in setsum and setprod
paulson
parents: 17149
diff changeset
  1258
  also have "... = (\<Sum>(y,x)\<in>B \<times> A. f x y)"
17149
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1259
    (is "_ = ?t")
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1260
    apply (simp add: swap_product)
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1261
    done
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1262
  finally show "?s = ?t" .
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1263
qed
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1264
19279
48b527d0331b Renamed setsum_mult to setsum_right_distrib.
ballarin
parents: 18493
diff changeset
  1265
lemma setsum_product:
48b527d0331b Renamed setsum_mult to setsum_right_distrib.
ballarin
parents: 18493
diff changeset
  1266
  fixes f :: "nat => ('a::semiring_0_cancel)"
48b527d0331b Renamed setsum_mult to setsum_right_distrib.
ballarin
parents: 18493
diff changeset
  1267
  shows "setsum f A * setsum g B = (\<Sum>i\<in>A. \<Sum>j\<in>B. f i * g j)"
48b527d0331b Renamed setsum_mult to setsum_right_distrib.
ballarin
parents: 18493
diff changeset
  1268
  by (simp add: setsum_right_distrib setsum_left_distrib) (rule setsum_commute)
48b527d0331b Renamed setsum_mult to setsum_right_distrib.
ballarin
parents: 18493
diff changeset
  1269
17149
e2b19c92ef51 Lemmas on dvd, power and finite summation added or strengthened.
ballarin
parents: 17085
diff changeset
  1270
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1271
subsection {* Generalized product over a set *}
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1272
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1273
constdefs
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1274
  setprod :: "('a => 'b) => 'a set => 'b::comm_monoid_mult"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1275
  "setprod f A == if finite A then fold (op *) f 1 A else 1"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1276
19535
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1277
abbreviation
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1278
  Setprod  ("\<Prod>_" [1000] 999)
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1279
  "\<Prod>A == setprod (%x. x) A"
e4fdeb32eadf replaced syntax/translations by abbreviation;
wenzelm
parents: 19363
diff changeset
  1280
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1281
syntax
17189
b15f8e094874 patterns in setsum and setprod
paulson
parents: 17149
diff changeset
  1282
  "_setprod" :: "pttrn => 'a set => 'b => 'b::comm_monoid_mult"  ("(3PROD _:_. _)" [0, 51, 10] 10)
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1283
syntax (xsymbols)
17189
b15f8e094874 patterns in setsum and setprod
paulson
parents: 17149
diff changeset
  1284
  "_setprod" :: "pttrn => 'a set => 'b => 'b::comm_monoid_mult"  ("(3\<Prod>_\<in>_. _)" [0, 51, 10] 10)
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1285
syntax (HTML output)
17189
b15f8e094874 patterns in setsum and setprod
paulson
parents: 17149
diff changeset
  1286
  "_setprod" :: "pttrn => 'a set => 'b => 'b::comm_monoid_mult"  ("(3\<Prod>_\<in>_. _)" [0, 51, 10] 10)
16550
e14b89d6ef13 fixed \<Prod> syntax
nipkow
parents: 15837
diff changeset
  1287
e14b89d6ef13 fixed \<Prod> syntax
nipkow
parents: 15837
diff changeset
  1288
translations -- {* Beware of argument permutation! *}
e14b89d6ef13 fixed \<Prod> syntax
nipkow
parents: 15837
diff changeset
  1289
  "PROD i:A. b" == "setprod (%i. b) A" 
e14b89d6ef13 fixed \<Prod> syntax
nipkow
parents: 15837
diff changeset
  1290
  "\<Prod>i\<in>A. b" == "setprod (%i. b) A" 
e14b89d6ef13 fixed \<Prod> syntax
nipkow
parents: 15837
diff changeset
  1291
e14b89d6ef13 fixed \<Prod> syntax
nipkow
parents: 15837
diff changeset
  1292
text{* Instead of @{term"\<Prod>x\<in>{x. P}. e"} we introduce the shorter
e14b89d6ef13 fixed \<Prod> syntax
nipkow
parents: 15837
diff changeset
  1293
 @{text"\<Prod>x|P. e"}. *}
e14b89d6ef13 fixed \<Prod> syntax
nipkow
parents: 15837
diff changeset
  1294
e14b89d6ef13 fixed \<Prod> syntax
nipkow
parents: 15837
diff changeset
  1295
syntax
17189
b15f8e094874 patterns in setsum and setprod
paulson
parents: 17149
diff changeset
  1296
  "_qsetprod" :: "pttrn \<Rightarrow> bool \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'a" ("(3PROD _ |/ _./ _)" [0,0,10] 10)
16550
e14b89d6ef13 fixed \<Prod> syntax
nipkow
parents: 15837
diff changeset
  1297
syntax (xsymbols)
17189
b15f8e094874 patterns in setsum and setprod
paulson
parents: 17149
diff changeset
  1298
  "_qsetprod" :: "pttrn \<Rightarrow> bool \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'a" ("(3\<Prod>_ | (_)./ _)" [0,0,10] 10)
16550
e14b89d6ef13 fixed \<Prod> syntax
nipkow
parents: 15837
diff changeset
  1299
syntax (HTML output)
17189
b15f8e094874 patterns in setsum and setprod
paulson
parents: 17149
diff changeset
  1300
  "_qsetprod" :: "pttrn \<Rightarrow> bool \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'a" ("(3\<Prod>_ | (_)./ _)" [0,0,10] 10)
16550
e14b89d6ef13 fixed \<Prod> syntax
nipkow
parents: 15837
diff changeset
  1301
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1302
translations
16550
e14b89d6ef13 fixed \<Prod> syntax
nipkow
parents: 15837
diff changeset
  1303
  "PROD x|P. t" => "setprod (%x. t) {x. P}"
e14b89d6ef13 fixed \<Prod> syntax
nipkow
parents: 15837
diff changeset
  1304
  "\<Prod>x|P. t" => "setprod (%x. t) {x. P}"
e14b89d6ef13 fixed \<Prod> syntax
nipkow
parents: 15837
diff changeset
  1305
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1306
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1307
lemma setprod_empty [simp]: "setprod f {} = 1"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1308
  by (auto simp add: setprod_def)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1309
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1310
lemma setprod_insert [simp]: "[| finite A; a \<notin> A |] ==>
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1311
    setprod f (insert a A) = f a * setprod f A"
19931
fb32b43e7f80 Restructured locales with predicates: import is now an interpretation.
ballarin
parents: 19870
diff changeset
  1312
  by (simp add: setprod_def)
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1313
15409
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
  1314
lemma setprod_infinite [simp]: "~ finite A ==> setprod f A = 1"
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
  1315
  by (simp add: setprod_def)
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
  1316
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1317
lemma setprod_reindex:
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1318
     "inj_on f B ==> setprod h (f ` B) = setprod (h \<circ> f) B"
15765
6472d4942992 Cleaned up, now uses interpretation.
ballarin
parents: 15554
diff changeset
  1319
by(auto simp: setprod_def AC_mult.fold_reindex dest!:finite_imageD)
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1320
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1321
lemma setprod_reindex_id: "inj_on f B ==> setprod f B = setprod id (f ` B)"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1322
by (auto simp add: setprod_reindex)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1323
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1324
lemma setprod_cong:
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1325
  "A = B ==> (!!x. x:B ==> f x = g x) ==> setprod f A = setprod g B"
15765
6472d4942992 Cleaned up, now uses interpretation.
ballarin
parents: 15554
diff changeset
  1326
by(fastsimp simp: setprod_def intro: AC_mult.fold_cong)
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1327
16632
ad2895beef79 Added strong_setsum_cong and strong_setprod_cong.
berghofe
parents: 16550
diff changeset
  1328
lemma strong_setprod_cong:
ad2895beef79 Added strong_setsum_cong and strong_setprod_cong.
berghofe
parents: 16550
diff changeset
  1329
  "A = B ==> (!!x. x:B =simp=> f x = g x) ==> setprod f A = setprod g B"
ad2895beef79 Added strong_setsum_cong and strong_setprod_cong.
berghofe
parents: 16550
diff changeset
  1330
by(fastsimp simp: simp_implies_def setprod_def intro: AC_mult.fold_cong)
ad2895beef79 Added strong_setsum_cong and strong_setprod_cong.
berghofe
parents: 16550
diff changeset
  1331
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1332
lemma setprod_reindex_cong: "inj_on f A ==>
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1333
    B = f ` A ==> g = h \<circ> f ==> setprod h B = setprod g A"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1334
  by (frule setprod_reindex, simp)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1335
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1336
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1337
lemma setprod_1: "setprod (%i. 1) A = 1"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1338
  apply (case_tac "finite A")
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1339
  apply (erule finite_induct, auto simp add: mult_ac)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1340
  done
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1341
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1342
lemma setprod_1': "ALL a:F. f a = 1 ==> setprod f F = 1"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1343
  apply (subgoal_tac "setprod f F = setprod (%x. 1) F")
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1344
  apply (erule ssubst, rule setprod_1)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1345
  apply (rule setprod_cong, auto)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1346
  done
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1347
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1348
lemma setprod_Un_Int: "finite A ==> finite B
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1349
    ==> setprod g (A Un B) * setprod g (A Int B) = setprod g A * setprod g B"
15765
6472d4942992 Cleaned up, now uses interpretation.
ballarin
parents: 15554
diff changeset
  1350
by(simp add: setprod_def AC_mult.fold_Un_Int[symmetric])
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1351
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1352
lemma setprod_Un_disjoint: "finite A ==> finite B
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1353
  ==> A Int B = {} ==> setprod g (A Un B) = setprod g A * setprod g B"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1354
by (subst setprod_Un_Int [symmetric], auto)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1355
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1356
lemma setprod_UN_disjoint:
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1357
    "finite I ==> (ALL i:I. finite (A i)) ==>
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1358
        (ALL i:I. ALL j:I. i \<noteq> j --> A i Int A j = {}) ==>
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1359
      setprod f (UNION I A) = setprod (%i. setprod f (A i)) I"
15765
6472d4942992 Cleaned up, now uses interpretation.
ballarin
parents: 15554
diff changeset
  1360
by(simp add: setprod_def AC_mult.fold_UN_disjoint cong: setprod_cong)
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1361
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1362
lemma setprod_Union_disjoint:
15409
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
  1363
  "[| (ALL A:C. finite A);
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
  1364
      (ALL A:C. ALL B:C. A \<noteq> B --> A Int B = {}) |] 
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
  1365
   ==> setprod f (Union C) = setprod (setprod f) C"
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
  1366
apply (cases "finite C") 
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
  1367
 prefer 2 apply (force dest: finite_UnionD simp add: setprod_def)
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1368
  apply (frule setprod_UN_disjoint [of C id f])
15409
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
  1369
 apply (unfold Union_def id_def, assumption+)
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
  1370
done
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1371
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1372
lemma setprod_Sigma: "finite A ==> ALL x:A. finite (B x) ==>
16550
e14b89d6ef13 fixed \<Prod> syntax
nipkow
parents: 15837
diff changeset
  1373
    (\<Prod>x\<in>A. (\<Prod>y\<in> B x. f x y)) =
17189
b15f8e094874 patterns in setsum and setprod
paulson
parents: 17149
diff changeset
  1374
    (\<Prod>(x,y)\<in>(SIGMA x:A. B x). f x y)"
15765
6472d4942992 Cleaned up, now uses interpretation.
ballarin
parents: 15554
diff changeset
  1375
by(simp add:setprod_def AC_mult.fold_Sigma split_def cong:setprod_cong)
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1376
15409
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
  1377
text{*Here we can eliminate the finiteness assumptions, by cases.*}
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
  1378
lemma setprod_cartesian_product: 
17189
b15f8e094874 patterns in setsum and setprod
paulson
parents: 17149
diff changeset
  1379
     "(\<Prod>x\<in>A. (\<Prod>y\<in> B. f x y)) = (\<Prod>(x,y)\<in>(A <*> B). f x y)"
15409
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
  1380
apply (cases "finite A") 
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
  1381
 apply (cases "finite B") 
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
  1382
  apply (simp add: setprod_Sigma)
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
  1383
 apply (cases "A={}", simp)
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
  1384
 apply (simp add: setprod_1) 
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
  1385
apply (auto simp add: setprod_def
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
  1386
            dest: finite_cartesian_productD1 finite_cartesian_productD2) 
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
  1387
done
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1388
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1389
lemma setprod_timesf:
15409
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
  1390
     "setprod (%x. f x * g x) A = (setprod f A * setprod g A)"
15765
6472d4942992 Cleaned up, now uses interpretation.
ballarin
parents: 15554
diff changeset
  1391
by(simp add:setprod_def AC_mult.fold_distrib)
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1392
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1393
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1394
subsubsection {* Properties in more restricted classes of structures *}
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1395
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1396
lemma setprod_eq_1_iff [simp]:
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1397
    "finite F ==> (setprod f F = 1) = (ALL a:F. f a = (1::nat))"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1398
  by (induct set: Finites) auto
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1399
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1400
lemma setprod_zero:
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1401
     "finite A ==> EX x: A. f x = (0::'a::comm_semiring_1_cancel) ==> setprod f A = 0"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1402
  apply (induct set: Finites, force, clarsimp)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1403
  apply (erule disjE, auto)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1404
  done
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1405
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1406
lemma setprod_nonneg [rule_format]:
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1407
     "(ALL x: A. (0::'a::ordered_idom) \<le> f x) --> 0 \<le> setprod f A"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1408
  apply (case_tac "finite A")
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1409
  apply (induct set: Finites, force, clarsimp)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1410
  apply (subgoal_tac "0 * 0 \<le> f x * setprod f F", force)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1411
  apply (rule mult_mono, assumption+)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1412
  apply (auto simp add: setprod_def)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1413
  done
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1414
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1415
lemma setprod_pos [rule_format]: "(ALL x: A. (0::'a::ordered_idom) < f x)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1416
     --> 0 < setprod f A"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1417
  apply (case_tac "finite A")
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1418
  apply (induct set: Finites, force, clarsimp)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1419
  apply (subgoal_tac "0 * 0 < f x * setprod f F", force)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1420
  apply (rule mult_strict_mono, assumption+)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1421
  apply (auto simp add: setprod_def)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1422
  done
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1423
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1424
lemma setprod_nonzero [rule_format]:
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1425
    "(ALL x y. (x::'a::comm_semiring_1_cancel) * y = 0 --> x = 0 | y = 0) ==>
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1426
      finite A ==> (ALL x: A. f x \<noteq> (0::'a)) --> setprod f A \<noteq> 0"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1427
  apply (erule finite_induct, auto)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1428
  done
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1429
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1430
lemma setprod_zero_eq:
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1431
    "(ALL x y. (x::'a::comm_semiring_1_cancel) * y = 0 --> x = 0 | y = 0) ==>
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1432
     finite A ==> (setprod f A = (0::'a)) = (EX x: A. f x = 0)"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1433
  apply (insert setprod_zero [of A f] setprod_nonzero [of A f], blast)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1434
  done
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1435
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1436
lemma setprod_nonzero_field:
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1437
    "finite A ==> (ALL x: A. f x \<noteq> (0::'a::field)) ==> setprod f A \<noteq> 0"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1438
  apply (rule setprod_nonzero, auto)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1439
  done
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1440
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1441
lemma setprod_zero_eq_field:
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1442
    "finite A ==> (setprod f A = (0::'a::field)) = (EX x: A. f x = 0)"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1443
  apply (rule setprod_zero_eq, auto)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1444
  done
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1445
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1446
lemma setprod_Un: "finite A ==> finite B ==> (ALL x: A Int B. f x \<noteq> 0) ==>
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1447
    (setprod f (A Un B) :: 'a ::{field})
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1448
      = setprod f A * setprod f B / setprod f (A Int B)"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1449
  apply (subst setprod_Un_Int [symmetric], auto)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1450
  apply (subgoal_tac "finite (A Int B)")
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1451
  apply (frule setprod_nonzero_field [of "A Int B" f], assumption)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1452
  apply (subst times_divide_eq_right [THEN sym], auto simp add: divide_self)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1453
  done
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1454
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1455
lemma setprod_diff1: "finite A ==> f a \<noteq> 0 ==>
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1456
    (setprod f (A - {a}) :: 'a :: {field}) =
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1457
      (if a:A then setprod f A / f a else setprod f A)"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1458
  apply (erule finite_induct)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1459
   apply (auto simp add: insert_Diff_if)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1460
  apply (subgoal_tac "f a * setprod f F / f a = setprod f F * f a / f a")
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1461
  apply (erule ssubst)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1462
  apply (subst times_divide_eq_right [THEN sym])
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1463
  apply (auto simp add: mult_ac times_divide_eq_right divide_self)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1464
  done
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1465
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1466
lemma setprod_inversef: "finite A ==>
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1467
    ALL x: A. f x \<noteq> (0::'a::{field,division_by_zero}) ==>
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1468
      setprod (inverse \<circ> f) A = inverse (setprod f A)"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1469
  apply (erule finite_induct)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1470
  apply (simp, simp)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1471
  done
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1472
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1473
lemma setprod_dividef:
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1474
     "[|finite A;
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1475
        \<forall>x \<in> A. g x \<noteq> (0::'a::{field,division_by_zero})|]
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1476
      ==> setprod (%x. f x / g x) A = setprod f A / setprod g A"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1477
  apply (subgoal_tac
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1478
         "setprod (%x. f x / g x) A = setprod (%x. f x * (inverse \<circ> g) x) A")
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1479
  apply (erule ssubst)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1480
  apply (subst divide_inverse)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1481
  apply (subst setprod_timesf)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1482
  apply (subst setprod_inversef, assumption+, rule refl)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1483
  apply (rule setprod_cong, rule refl)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1484
  apply (subst divide_inverse, auto)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1485
  done
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1486
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1487
subsection {* Finite cardinality *}
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1488
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1489
text {* This definition, although traditional, is ugly to work with:
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1490
@{text "card A == LEAST n. EX f. A = {f i | i. i < n}"}.
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1491
But now that we have @{text setsum} things are easy:
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1492
*}
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1493
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1494
constdefs
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1495
  card :: "'a set => nat"
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1496
  "card A == setsum (%x. 1::nat) A"
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1497
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1498
lemma card_empty [simp]: "card {} = 0"
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1499
  by (simp add: card_def)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1500
15409
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
  1501
lemma card_infinite [simp]: "~ finite A ==> card A = 0"
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
  1502
  by (simp add: card_def)
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
  1503
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1504
lemma card_eq_setsum: "card A = setsum (%x. 1) A"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1505
by (simp add: card_def)
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1506
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1507
lemma card_insert_disjoint [simp]:
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1508
  "finite A ==> x \<notin> A ==> card (insert x A) = Suc(card A)"
15765
6472d4942992 Cleaned up, now uses interpretation.
ballarin
parents: 15554
diff changeset
  1509
by(simp add: card_def)
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1510
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1511
lemma card_insert_if:
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1512
    "finite A ==> card (insert x A) = (if x:A then card A else Suc(card(A)))"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1513
  by (simp add: insert_absorb)
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1514
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1515
lemma card_0_eq [simp]: "finite A ==> (card A = 0) = (A = {})"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1516
  apply auto
15506
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1517
  apply (drule_tac a = x in mk_disjoint_insert, clarify, auto)
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1518
  done
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1519
15409
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
  1520
lemma card_eq_0_iff: "(card A = 0) = (A = {} | ~ finite A)"
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
  1521
by auto
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
  1522
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1523
lemma card_Suc_Diff1: "finite A ==> x: A ==> Suc (card (A - {x})) = card A"
14302
6c24235e8d5d *** empty log message ***
nipkow
parents: 14208
diff changeset
  1524
apply(rule_tac t = A in insert_Diff [THEN subst], assumption)
6c24235e8d5d *** empty log message ***
nipkow
parents: 14208
diff changeset
  1525
apply(simp del:insert_Diff_single)
6c24235e8d5d *** empty log message ***
nipkow
parents: 14208
diff changeset
  1526
done
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1527
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1528
lemma card_Diff_singleton:
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1529
    "finite A ==> x: A ==> card (A - {x}) = card A - 1"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1530
  by (simp add: card_Suc_Diff1 [symmetric])
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1531
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1532
lemma card_Diff_singleton_if:
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1533
    "finite A ==> card (A-{x}) = (if x : A then card A - 1 else card A)"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1534
  by (simp add: card_Diff_singleton)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1535
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1536
lemma card_insert: "finite A ==> card (insert x A) = Suc (card (A - {x}))"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1537
  by (simp add: card_insert_if card_Suc_Diff1)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1538
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1539
lemma card_insert_le: "finite A ==> card A <= card (insert x A)"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1540
  by (simp add: card_insert_if)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1541
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1542
lemma card_mono: "\<lbrakk> finite B; A \<subseteq> B \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> card A \<le> card B"
15539
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1543
by (simp add: card_def setsum_mono2)
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1544
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1545
lemma card_seteq: "finite B ==> (!!A. A <= B ==> card B <= card A ==> A = B)"
14208
144f45277d5a misc tidying
paulson
parents: 13825
diff changeset
  1546
  apply (induct set: Finites, simp, clarify)
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1547
  apply (subgoal_tac "finite A & A - {x} <= F")
14208
144f45277d5a misc tidying
paulson
parents: 13825
diff changeset
  1548
   prefer 2 apply (blast intro: finite_subset, atomize)
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1549
  apply (drule_tac x = "A - {x}" in spec)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1550
  apply (simp add: card_Diff_singleton_if split add: split_if_asm)
14208
144f45277d5a misc tidying
paulson
parents: 13825
diff changeset
  1551
  apply (case_tac "card A", auto)
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1552
  done
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1553
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1554
lemma psubset_card_mono: "finite B ==> A < B ==> card A < card B"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1555
  apply (simp add: psubset_def linorder_not_le [symmetric])
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1556
  apply (blast dest: card_seteq)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1557
  done
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1558
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1559
lemma card_Un_Int: "finite A ==> finite B
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1560
    ==> card A + card B = card (A Un B) + card (A Int B)"
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1561
by(simp add:card_def setsum_Un_Int)
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1562
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1563
lemma card_Un_disjoint: "finite A ==> finite B
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1564
    ==> A Int B = {} ==> card (A Un B) = card A + card B"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1565
  by (simp add: card_Un_Int)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1566
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1567
lemma card_Diff_subset:
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1568
  "finite B ==> B <= A ==> card (A - B) = card A - card B"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1569
by(simp add:card_def setsum_diff_nat)
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1570
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1571
lemma card_Diff1_less: "finite A ==> x: A ==> card (A - {x}) < card A"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1572
  apply (rule Suc_less_SucD)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1573
  apply (simp add: card_Suc_Diff1)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1574
  done
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1575
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1576
lemma card_Diff2_less:
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1577
    "finite A ==> x: A ==> y: A ==> card (A - {x} - {y}) < card A"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1578
  apply (case_tac "x = y")
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1579
   apply (simp add: card_Diff1_less)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1580
  apply (rule less_trans)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1581
   prefer 2 apply (auto intro!: card_Diff1_less)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1582
  done
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1583
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1584
lemma card_Diff1_le: "finite A ==> card (A - {x}) <= card A"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1585
  apply (case_tac "x : A")
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1586
   apply (simp_all add: card_Diff1_less less_imp_le)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1587
  done
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1588
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1589
lemma card_psubset: "finite B ==> A \<subseteq> B ==> card A < card B ==> A < B"
14208
144f45277d5a misc tidying
paulson
parents: 13825
diff changeset
  1590
by (erule psubsetI, blast)
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1591
14889
d7711d6b9014 moved some cardinality results into main HOL
paulson
parents: 14748
diff changeset
  1592
lemma insert_partition:
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1593
  "\<lbrakk> x \<notin> F; \<forall>c1 \<in> insert x F. \<forall>c2 \<in> insert x F. c1 \<noteq> c2 \<longrightarrow> c1 \<inter> c2 = {} \<rbrakk>
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1594
  \<Longrightarrow> x \<inter> \<Union> F = {}"
14889
d7711d6b9014 moved some cardinality results into main HOL
paulson
parents: 14748
diff changeset
  1595
by auto
d7711d6b9014 moved some cardinality results into main HOL
paulson
parents: 14748
diff changeset
  1596
19793
14fdd2a3d117 new lemmas concerning finite cardinalities
paulson
parents: 19535
diff changeset
  1597
text{* main cardinality theorem *}
14889
d7711d6b9014 moved some cardinality results into main HOL
paulson
parents: 14748
diff changeset
  1598
lemma card_partition [rule_format]:
d7711d6b9014 moved some cardinality results into main HOL
paulson
parents: 14748
diff changeset
  1599
     "finite C ==>  
d7711d6b9014 moved some cardinality results into main HOL
paulson
parents: 14748
diff changeset
  1600
        finite (\<Union> C) -->  
d7711d6b9014 moved some cardinality results into main HOL
paulson
parents: 14748
diff changeset
  1601
        (\<forall>c\<in>C. card c = k) -->   
d7711d6b9014 moved some cardinality results into main HOL
paulson
parents: 14748
diff changeset
  1602
        (\<forall>c1 \<in> C. \<forall>c2 \<in> C. c1 \<noteq> c2 --> c1 \<inter> c2 = {}) -->  
d7711d6b9014 moved some cardinality results into main HOL
paulson
parents: 14748
diff changeset
  1603
        k * card(C) = card (\<Union> C)"
d7711d6b9014 moved some cardinality results into main HOL
paulson
parents: 14748
diff changeset
  1604
apply (erule finite_induct, simp)
d7711d6b9014 moved some cardinality results into main HOL
paulson
parents: 14748
diff changeset
  1605
apply (simp add: card_insert_disjoint card_Un_disjoint insert_partition 
d7711d6b9014 moved some cardinality results into main HOL
paulson
parents: 14748
diff changeset
  1606
       finite_subset [of _ "\<Union> (insert x F)"])
d7711d6b9014 moved some cardinality results into main HOL
paulson
parents: 14748
diff changeset
  1607
done
d7711d6b9014 moved some cardinality results into main HOL
paulson
parents: 14748
diff changeset
  1608
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1609
19793
14fdd2a3d117 new lemmas concerning finite cardinalities
paulson
parents: 19535
diff changeset
  1610
text{*The form of a finite set of given cardinality*}
14fdd2a3d117 new lemmas concerning finite cardinalities
paulson
parents: 19535
diff changeset
  1611
14fdd2a3d117 new lemmas concerning finite cardinalities
paulson
parents: 19535
diff changeset
  1612
lemma card_eq_SucD:
14fdd2a3d117 new lemmas concerning finite cardinalities
paulson
parents: 19535
diff changeset
  1613
  assumes cardeq: "card A = Suc k" and fin: "finite A" 
14fdd2a3d117 new lemmas concerning finite cardinalities
paulson
parents: 19535
diff changeset
  1614
  shows "\<exists>b B. A = insert b B & b \<notin> B & card B = k"
14fdd2a3d117 new lemmas concerning finite cardinalities
paulson
parents: 19535
diff changeset
  1615
proof -
14fdd2a3d117 new lemmas concerning finite cardinalities
paulson
parents: 19535
diff changeset
  1616
  have "card A \<noteq> 0" using cardeq by auto
14fdd2a3d117 new lemmas concerning finite cardinalities
paulson
parents: 19535
diff changeset
  1617
  then obtain b where b: "b \<in> A" using fin by auto
14fdd2a3d117 new lemmas concerning finite cardinalities
paulson
parents: 19535
diff changeset
  1618
  show ?thesis
14fdd2a3d117 new lemmas concerning finite cardinalities
paulson
parents: 19535
diff changeset
  1619
  proof (intro exI conjI)
14fdd2a3d117 new lemmas concerning finite cardinalities
paulson
parents: 19535
diff changeset
  1620
    show "A = insert b (A-{b})" using b by blast
14fdd2a3d117 new lemmas concerning finite cardinalities
paulson
parents: 19535
diff changeset
  1621
    show "b \<notin> A - {b}" by blast
14fdd2a3d117 new lemmas concerning finite cardinalities
paulson
parents: 19535
diff changeset
  1622
    show "card (A - {b}) = k" by (simp add: fin cardeq b card_Diff_singleton) 
14fdd2a3d117 new lemmas concerning finite cardinalities
paulson
parents: 19535
diff changeset
  1623
  qed
14fdd2a3d117 new lemmas concerning finite cardinalities
paulson
parents: 19535
diff changeset
  1624
qed
14fdd2a3d117 new lemmas concerning finite cardinalities
paulson
parents: 19535
diff changeset
  1625
14fdd2a3d117 new lemmas concerning finite cardinalities
paulson
parents: 19535
diff changeset
  1626
14fdd2a3d117 new lemmas concerning finite cardinalities
paulson
parents: 19535
diff changeset
  1627
lemma card_Suc_eq:
14fdd2a3d117 new lemmas concerning finite cardinalities
paulson
parents: 19535
diff changeset
  1628
  "finite A ==>
14fdd2a3d117 new lemmas concerning finite cardinalities
paulson
parents: 19535
diff changeset
  1629
   (card A = Suc k) = (\<exists>b B. A = insert b B & b \<notin> B & card B = k)"
14fdd2a3d117 new lemmas concerning finite cardinalities
paulson
parents: 19535
diff changeset
  1630
by (auto dest!: card_eq_SucD) 
14fdd2a3d117 new lemmas concerning finite cardinalities
paulson
parents: 19535
diff changeset
  1631
14fdd2a3d117 new lemmas concerning finite cardinalities
paulson
parents: 19535
diff changeset
  1632
lemma card_1_eq:
14fdd2a3d117 new lemmas concerning finite cardinalities
paulson
parents: 19535
diff changeset
  1633
  "finite A ==> (card A = Suc 0) = (\<exists>x. A = {x})"
14fdd2a3d117 new lemmas concerning finite cardinalities
paulson
parents: 19535
diff changeset
  1634
by (auto dest!: card_eq_SucD) 
14fdd2a3d117 new lemmas concerning finite cardinalities
paulson
parents: 19535
diff changeset
  1635
14fdd2a3d117 new lemmas concerning finite cardinalities
paulson
parents: 19535
diff changeset
  1636
lemma card_2_eq:
14fdd2a3d117 new lemmas concerning finite cardinalities
paulson
parents: 19535
diff changeset
  1637
  "finite A ==> (card A = Suc(Suc 0)) = (\<exists>x y. x\<noteq>y & A = {x,y})" 
14fdd2a3d117 new lemmas concerning finite cardinalities
paulson
parents: 19535
diff changeset
  1638
by (auto dest!: card_eq_SucD, blast) 
14fdd2a3d117 new lemmas concerning finite cardinalities
paulson
parents: 19535
diff changeset
  1639
14fdd2a3d117 new lemmas concerning finite cardinalities
paulson
parents: 19535
diff changeset
  1640
15539
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1641
lemma setsum_constant [simp]: "(\<Sum>x \<in> A. y) = of_nat(card A) * y"
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1642
apply (cases "finite A")
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1643
apply (erule finite_induct)
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1644
apply (auto simp add: ring_distrib add_ac)
15409
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
  1645
done
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1646
15539
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1647
21199
2d83f93c3580 * Added annihilation axioms ("x * 0 = 0") to axclass semiring_0.
krauss
parents: 19984
diff changeset
  1648
lemma setprod_constant: "finite A ==> (\<Prod>x\<in> A. (y::'a::{recpower, comm_monoid_mult})) = y^(card A)"
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1649
  apply (erule finite_induct)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1650
  apply (auto simp add: power_Suc)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1651
  done
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1652
15542
ee6cd48cf840 more fine tuniung
nipkow
parents: 15539
diff changeset
  1653
lemma setsum_bounded:
ee6cd48cf840 more fine tuniung
nipkow
parents: 15539
diff changeset
  1654
  assumes le: "\<And>i. i\<in>A \<Longrightarrow> f i \<le> (K::'a::{comm_semiring_1_cancel, pordered_ab_semigroup_add})"
ee6cd48cf840 more fine tuniung
nipkow
parents: 15539
diff changeset
  1655
  shows "setsum f A \<le> of_nat(card A) * K"
ee6cd48cf840 more fine tuniung
nipkow
parents: 15539
diff changeset
  1656
proof (cases "finite A")
ee6cd48cf840 more fine tuniung
nipkow
parents: 15539
diff changeset
  1657
  case True
ee6cd48cf840 more fine tuniung
nipkow
parents: 15539
diff changeset
  1658
  thus ?thesis using le setsum_mono[where K=A and g = "%x. K"] by simp
ee6cd48cf840 more fine tuniung
nipkow
parents: 15539
diff changeset
  1659
next
ee6cd48cf840 more fine tuniung
nipkow
parents: 15539
diff changeset
  1660
  case False thus ?thesis by (simp add: setsum_def)
ee6cd48cf840 more fine tuniung
nipkow
parents: 15539
diff changeset
  1661
qed
ee6cd48cf840 more fine tuniung
nipkow
parents: 15539
diff changeset
  1662
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1663
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1664
subsubsection {* Cardinality of unions *}
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1665
15539
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1666
lemma of_nat_id[simp]: "(of_nat n :: nat) = n"
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1667
by(induct n, auto)
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1668
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1669
lemma card_UN_disjoint:
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1670
    "finite I ==> (ALL i:I. finite (A i)) ==>
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1671
        (ALL i:I. ALL j:I. i \<noteq> j --> A i Int A j = {}) ==>
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1672
      card (UNION I A) = (\<Sum>i\<in>I. card(A i))"
15539
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1673
  apply (simp add: card_def del: setsum_constant)
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1674
  apply (subgoal_tac
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1675
           "setsum (%i. card (A i)) I = setsum (%i. (setsum (%x. 1) (A i))) I")
15539
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1676
  apply (simp add: setsum_UN_disjoint del: setsum_constant)
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1677
  apply (simp cong: setsum_cong)
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1678
  done
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1679
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1680
lemma card_Union_disjoint:
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1681
  "finite C ==> (ALL A:C. finite A) ==>
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1682
        (ALL A:C. ALL B:C. A \<noteq> B --> A Int B = {}) ==>
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1683
      card (Union C) = setsum card C"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1684
  apply (frule card_UN_disjoint [of C id])
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1685
  apply (unfold Union_def id_def, assumption+)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1686
  done
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1687
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1688
subsubsection {* Cardinality of image *}
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1689
15447
177ffdbabf80 new theorem image_eq_fold
paulson
parents: 15409
diff changeset
  1690
text{*The image of a finite set can be expressed using @{term fold}.*}
177ffdbabf80 new theorem image_eq_fold
paulson
parents: 15409
diff changeset
  1691
lemma image_eq_fold: "finite A ==> f ` A = fold (op Un) (%x. {f x}) {} A"
177ffdbabf80 new theorem image_eq_fold
paulson
parents: 15409
diff changeset
  1692
  apply (erule finite_induct, simp)
177ffdbabf80 new theorem image_eq_fold
paulson
parents: 15409
diff changeset
  1693
  apply (subst ACf.fold_insert) 
177ffdbabf80 new theorem image_eq_fold
paulson
parents: 15409
diff changeset
  1694
  apply (auto simp add: ACf_def) 
177ffdbabf80 new theorem image_eq_fold
paulson
parents: 15409
diff changeset
  1695
  done
177ffdbabf80 new theorem image_eq_fold
paulson
parents: 15409
diff changeset
  1696
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1697
lemma card_image_le: "finite A ==> card (f ` A) <= card A"
14208
144f45277d5a misc tidying
paulson
parents: 13825
diff changeset
  1698
  apply (induct set: Finites, simp)
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1699
  apply (simp add: le_SucI finite_imageI card_insert_if)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1700
  done
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1701
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1702
lemma card_image: "inj_on f A ==> card (f ` A) = card A"
15539
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1703
by(simp add:card_def setsum_reindex o_def del:setsum_constant)
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1704
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1705
lemma endo_inj_surj: "finite A ==> f ` A \<subseteq> A ==> inj_on f A ==> f ` A = A"
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1706
  by (simp add: card_seteq card_image)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1707
15111
c108189645f8 added some inj_on thms
nipkow
parents: 15074
diff changeset
  1708
lemma eq_card_imp_inj_on:
c108189645f8 added some inj_on thms
nipkow
parents: 15074
diff changeset
  1709
  "[| finite A; card(f ` A) = card A |] ==> inj_on f A"
15506
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1710
apply (induct rule:finite_induct, simp)
15111
c108189645f8 added some inj_on thms
nipkow
parents: 15074
diff changeset
  1711
apply(frule card_image_le[where f = f])
c108189645f8 added some inj_on thms
nipkow
parents: 15074
diff changeset
  1712
apply(simp add:card_insert_if split:if_splits)
c108189645f8 added some inj_on thms
nipkow
parents: 15074
diff changeset
  1713
done
c108189645f8 added some inj_on thms
nipkow
parents: 15074
diff changeset
  1714
c108189645f8 added some inj_on thms
nipkow
parents: 15074
diff changeset
  1715
lemma inj_on_iff_eq_card:
c108189645f8 added some inj_on thms
nipkow
parents: 15074
diff changeset
  1716
  "finite A ==> inj_on f A = (card(f ` A) = card A)"
c108189645f8 added some inj_on thms
nipkow
parents: 15074
diff changeset
  1717
by(blast intro: card_image eq_card_imp_inj_on)
c108189645f8 added some inj_on thms
nipkow
parents: 15074
diff changeset
  1718
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1719
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1720
lemma card_inj_on_le:
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1721
    "[|inj_on f A; f ` A \<subseteq> B; finite B |] ==> card A \<le> card B"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1722
apply (subgoal_tac "finite A") 
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1723
 apply (force intro: card_mono simp add: card_image [symmetric])
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1724
apply (blast intro: finite_imageD dest: finite_subset) 
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1725
done
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1726
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1727
lemma card_bij_eq:
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1728
    "[|inj_on f A; f ` A \<subseteq> B; inj_on g B; g ` B \<subseteq> A;
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1729
       finite A; finite B |] ==> card A = card B"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1730
  by (auto intro: le_anti_sym card_inj_on_le)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1731
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1732
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1733
subsubsection {* Cardinality of products *}
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1734
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1735
(*
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1736
lemma SigmaI_insert: "y \<notin> A ==>
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1737
  (SIGMA x:(insert y A). B x) = (({y} <*> (B y)) \<union> (SIGMA x: A. B x))"
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1738
  by auto
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1739
*)
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1740
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1741
lemma card_SigmaI [simp]:
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1742
  "\<lbrakk> finite A; ALL a:A. finite (B a) \<rbrakk>
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1743
  \<Longrightarrow> card (SIGMA x: A. B x) = (\<Sum>a\<in>A. card (B a))"
15539
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1744
by(simp add:card_def setsum_Sigma del:setsum_constant)
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1745
15409
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
  1746
lemma card_cartesian_product: "card (A <*> B) = card(A) * card(B)"
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
  1747
apply (cases "finite A") 
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
  1748
apply (cases "finite B") 
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
  1749
apply (auto simp add: card_eq_0_iff
15539
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1750
            dest: finite_cartesian_productD1 finite_cartesian_productD2)
15409
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
  1751
done
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1752
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1753
lemma card_cartesian_product_singleton:  "card({x} <*> A) = card(A)"
15539
333a88244569 comprehensive cleanup, replacing sumr by setsum
nipkow
parents: 15535
diff changeset
  1754
by (simp add: card_cartesian_product)
15409
a063687d24eb new and stronger lemmas and improved simplification for finite sets
paulson
parents: 15402
diff changeset
  1755
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1756
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  1757
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1758
subsubsection {* Cardinality of the Powerset *}
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1759
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1760
lemma card_Pow: "finite A ==> card (Pow A) = Suc (Suc 0) ^ card A"  (* FIXME numeral 2 (!?) *)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1761
  apply (induct set: Finites)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1762
   apply (simp_all add: Pow_insert)
14208
144f45277d5a misc tidying
paulson
parents: 13825
diff changeset
  1763
  apply (subst card_Un_disjoint, blast)
144f45277d5a misc tidying
paulson
parents: 13825
diff changeset
  1764
    apply (blast intro: finite_imageI, blast)
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1765
  apply (subgoal_tac "inj_on (insert x) (Pow F)")
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1766
   apply (simp add: card_image Pow_insert)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1767
  apply (unfold inj_on_def)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1768
  apply (blast elim!: equalityE)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1769
  done
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1770
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  1771
text {* Relates to equivalence classes.  Based on a theorem of
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  1772
F. Kammüller's.  *}
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1773
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1774
lemma dvd_partition:
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  1775
  "finite (Union C) ==>
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1776
    ALL c : C. k dvd card c ==>
14430
5cb24165a2e1 new material from Avigad, and simplified treatment of division by 0
paulson
parents: 14331
diff changeset
  1777
    (ALL c1: C. ALL c2: C. c1 \<noteq> c2 --> c1 Int c2 = {}) ==>
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1778
  k dvd card (Union C)"
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  1779
apply(frule finite_UnionD)
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  1780
apply(rotate_tac -1)
14208
144f45277d5a misc tidying
paulson
parents: 13825
diff changeset
  1781
  apply (induct set: Finites, simp_all, clarify)
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1782
  apply (subst card_Un_disjoint)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1783
  apply (auto simp add: dvd_add disjoint_eq_subset_Compl)
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1784
  done
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1785
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1786
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  1787
subsection{* A fold functional for non-empty sets *}
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  1788
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  1789
text{* Does not require start value. *}
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1790
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  1791
consts
15506
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1792
  fold1Set :: "('a => 'a => 'a) => ('a set \<times> 'a) set"
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  1793
15506
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1794
inductive "fold1Set f"
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  1795
intros
15506
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1796
  fold1Set_insertI [intro]:
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1797
   "\<lbrakk> (A,x) \<in> foldSet f id a; a \<notin> A \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> (insert a A, x) \<in> fold1Set f"
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1798
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  1799
constdefs
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  1800
  fold1 :: "('a => 'a => 'a) => 'a set => 'a"
15506
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1801
  "fold1 f A == THE x. (A, x) : fold1Set f"
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1802
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1803
lemma fold1Set_nonempty:
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1804
 "(A, x) : fold1Set f \<Longrightarrow> A \<noteq> {}"
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1805
by(erule fold1Set.cases, simp_all) 
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1806
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  1807
15506
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1808
inductive_cases empty_fold1SetE [elim!]: "({}, x) : fold1Set f"
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1809
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1810
inductive_cases insert_fold1SetE [elim!]: "(insert a X, x) : fold1Set f"
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1811
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1812
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1813
lemma fold1Set_sing [iff]: "(({a},b) : fold1Set f) = (a = b)"
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1814
  by (blast intro: foldSet.intros elim: foldSet.cases)
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  1815
15508
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1816
lemma fold1_singleton[simp]: "fold1 f {a} = a"
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1817
  by (unfold fold1_def) blast
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1818
15508
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1819
lemma finite_nonempty_imp_fold1Set:
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1820
  "\<lbrakk> finite A; A \<noteq> {} \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> EX x. (A, x) : fold1Set f"
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1821
apply (induct A rule: finite_induct)
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1822
apply (auto dest: finite_imp_foldSet [of _ f id])  
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1823
done
15506
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1824
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1825
text{*First, some lemmas about @{term foldSet}.*}
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  1826
15508
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1827
lemma (in ACf) foldSet_insert_swap:
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1828
assumes fold: "(A,y) \<in> foldSet f id b"
15521
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1829
shows "b \<notin> A \<Longrightarrow> (insert b A, z \<cdot> y) \<in> foldSet f id z"
15508
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1830
using fold
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1831
proof (induct rule: foldSet.induct)
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1832
  case emptyI thus ?case by (force simp add: fold_insert_aux commute)
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1833
next
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1834
  case (insertI A x y)
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1835
    have "(insert x (insert b A), x \<cdot> (z \<cdot> y)) \<in> foldSet f (\<lambda>u. u) z"
15521
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1836
      using insertI by force  --{*how does @{term id} get unfolded?*}
15508
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1837
    thus ?case by (simp add: insert_commute AC)
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1838
qed
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1839
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1840
lemma (in ACf) foldSet_permute_diff:
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1841
assumes fold: "(A,x) \<in> foldSet f id b"
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1842
shows "!!a. \<lbrakk>a \<in> A; b \<notin> A\<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> (insert b (A-{a}), x) \<in> foldSet f id a"
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1843
using fold
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1844
proof (induct rule: foldSet.induct)
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1845
  case emptyI thus ?case by simp
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1846
next
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1847
  case (insertI A x y)
15521
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1848
  have "a = x \<or> a \<in> A" using insertI by simp
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1849
  thus ?case
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1850
  proof
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1851
    assume "a = x"
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1852
    with insertI show ?thesis
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1853
      by (simp add: id_def [symmetric], blast intro: foldSet_insert_swap) 
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1854
  next
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1855
    assume ainA: "a \<in> A"
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1856
    hence "(insert x (insert b (A - {a})), x \<cdot> y) \<in> foldSet f id a"
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1857
      using insertI by (force simp: id_def)
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1858
    moreover
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1859
    have "insert x (insert b (A - {a})) = insert b (insert x A - {a})"
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1860
      using ainA insertI by blast
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1861
    ultimately show ?thesis by (simp add: id_def)
15508
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1862
  qed
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1863
qed
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1864
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1865
lemma (in ACf) fold1_eq_fold:
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1866
     "[|finite A; a \<notin> A|] ==> fold1 f (insert a A) = fold f id a A"
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1867
apply (simp add: fold1_def fold_def) 
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1868
apply (rule the_equality)
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1869
apply (best intro: foldSet_determ theI dest: finite_imp_foldSet [of _ f id]) 
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1870
apply (rule sym, clarify)
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1871
apply (case_tac "Aa=A")
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1872
 apply (best intro: the_equality foldSet_determ)  
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1873
apply (subgoal_tac "(A,x) \<in> foldSet f id a") 
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1874
 apply (best intro: the_equality foldSet_determ)  
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1875
apply (subgoal_tac "insert aa (Aa - {a}) = A") 
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1876
 prefer 2 apply (blast elim: equalityE) 
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1877
apply (auto dest: foldSet_permute_diff [where a=a]) 
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1878
done
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1879
15521
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1880
lemma nonempty_iff: "(A \<noteq> {}) = (\<exists>x B. A = insert x B & x \<notin> B)"
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1881
apply safe
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1882
apply simp 
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1883
apply (drule_tac x=x in spec)
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1884
apply (drule_tac x="A-{x}" in spec, auto) 
15508
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1885
done
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1886
15521
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1887
lemma (in ACf) fold1_insert:
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1888
  assumes nonempty: "A \<noteq> {}" and A: "finite A" "x \<notin> A"
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1889
  shows "fold1 f (insert x A) = f x (fold1 f A)"
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1890
proof -
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1891
  from nonempty obtain a A' where "A = insert a A' & a ~: A'" 
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1892
    by (auto simp add: nonempty_iff)
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1893
  with A show ?thesis
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1894
    by (simp add: insert_commute [of x] fold1_eq_fold eq_commute) 
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1895
qed
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1896
15509
c54970704285 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15508
diff changeset
  1897
lemma (in ACIf) fold1_insert_idem [simp]:
15521
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1898
  assumes nonempty: "A \<noteq> {}" and A: "finite A" 
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1899
  shows "fold1 f (insert x A) = f x (fold1 f A)"
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1900
proof -
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1901
  from nonempty obtain a A' where A': "A = insert a A' & a ~: A'" 
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1902
    by (auto simp add: nonempty_iff)
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1903
  show ?thesis
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1904
  proof cases
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1905
    assume "a = x"
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1906
    thus ?thesis 
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1907
    proof cases
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1908
      assume "A' = {}"
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1909
      with prems show ?thesis by (simp add: idem) 
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1910
    next
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1911
      assume "A' \<noteq> {}"
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1912
      with prems show ?thesis
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1913
	by (simp add: fold1_insert assoc [symmetric] idem) 
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1914
    qed
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1915
  next
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1916
    assume "a \<noteq> x"
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1917
    with prems show ?thesis
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1918
      by (simp add: insert_commute fold1_eq_fold fold_insert_idem)
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1919
  qed
1ffd04343ac9 non-inductive fold1Set proofs
paulson
parents: 15520
diff changeset
  1920
qed
15506
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1921
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1922
15508
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1923
text{* Now the recursion rules for definitions: *}
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1924
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1925
lemma fold1_singleton_def: "g \<equiv> fold1 f \<Longrightarrow> g {a} = a"
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1926
by(simp add:fold1_singleton)
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1927
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1928
lemma (in ACf) fold1_insert_def:
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1929
  "\<lbrakk> g \<equiv> fold1 f; finite A; x \<notin> A; A \<noteq> {} \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> g(insert x A) = x \<cdot> (g A)"
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1930
by(simp add:fold1_insert)
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1931
15509
c54970704285 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15508
diff changeset
  1932
lemma (in ACIf) fold1_insert_idem_def:
15508
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1933
  "\<lbrakk> g \<equiv> fold1 f; finite A; A \<noteq> {} \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> g(insert x A) = x \<cdot> (g A)"
15509
c54970704285 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15508
diff changeset
  1934
by(simp add:fold1_insert_idem)
15508
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1935
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1936
subsubsection{* Determinacy for @{term fold1Set} *}
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1937
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  1938
text{*Not actually used!!*}
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1939
15506
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1940
lemma (in ACf) foldSet_permute:
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1941
  "[|(insert a A, x) \<in> foldSet f id b; a \<notin> A; b \<notin> A|]
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1942
   ==> (insert b A, x) \<in> foldSet f id a"
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1943
apply (case_tac "a=b") 
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1944
apply (auto dest: foldSet_permute_diff) 
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1945
done
15376
302ef111b621 Started to clean up and generalize FiniteSet
nipkow
parents: 15327
diff changeset
  1946
15506
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1947
lemma (in ACf) fold1Set_determ:
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1948
  "(A, x) \<in> fold1Set f ==> (A, y) \<in> fold1Set f ==> y = x"
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1949
proof (clarify elim!: fold1Set.cases)
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1950
  fix A x B y a b
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1951
  assume Ax: "(A, x) \<in> foldSet f id a"
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1952
  assume By: "(B, y) \<in> foldSet f id b"
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1953
  assume anotA:  "a \<notin> A"
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1954
  assume bnotB:  "b \<notin> B"
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1955
  assume eq: "insert a A = insert b B"
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1956
  show "y=x"
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1957
  proof cases
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1958
    assume same: "a=b"
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1959
    hence "A=B" using anotA bnotB eq by (blast elim!: equalityE)
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1960
    thus ?thesis using Ax By same by (blast intro: foldSet_determ)
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  1961
  next
15506
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1962
    assume diff: "a\<noteq>b"
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1963
    let ?D = "B - {a}"
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1964
    have B: "B = insert a ?D" and A: "A = insert b ?D"
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1965
     and aB: "a \<in> B" and bA: "b \<in> A"
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1966
      using eq anotA bnotB diff by (blast elim!:equalityE)+
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1967
    with aB bnotB By
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1968
    have "(insert b ?D, y) \<in> foldSet f id a" 
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1969
      by (auto intro: foldSet_permute simp add: insert_absorb)
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1970
    moreover
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1971
    have "(insert b ?D, x) \<in> foldSet f id a"
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1972
      by (simp add: A [symmetric] Ax) 
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1973
    ultimately show ?thesis by (blast intro: foldSet_determ) 
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  1974
  qed
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1975
qed
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  1976
15506
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1977
lemma (in ACf) fold1Set_equality: "(A, y) : fold1Set f ==> fold1 f A = y"
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1978
  by (unfold fold1_def) (blast intro: fold1Set_determ)
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1979
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1980
declare
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1981
  empty_foldSetE [rule del]   foldSet.intros [rule del]
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  1982
  empty_fold1SetE [rule del]  insert_fold1SetE [rule del]
19931
fb32b43e7f80 Restructured locales with predicates: import is now an interpretation.
ballarin
parents: 19870
diff changeset
  1983
  -- {* No more proofs involve these relations. *}
15376
302ef111b621 Started to clean up and generalize FiniteSet
nipkow
parents: 15327
diff changeset
  1984
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  1985
subsubsection{* Semi-Lattices *}
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  1986
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  1987
locale ACIfSL = ACIf +
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  1988
  fixes below :: "'a \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> bool" (infixl "\<sqsubseteq>" 50)
18493
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  1989
  and strict_below :: "'a \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> bool" (infixl "\<sqsubset>" 50)
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  1990
  assumes below_def: "(x \<sqsubseteq> y) = (x\<cdot>y = x)"
18493
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  1991
  defines strict_below_def:  "(x \<sqsubset> y) \<equiv> (x \<sqsubseteq> y \<and> x \<noteq> y)"
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  1992
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  1993
locale ACIfSLlin = ACIfSL +
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  1994
  assumes lin: "x\<cdot>y \<in> {x,y}"
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  1995
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  1996
lemma (in ACIfSL) below_refl[simp]: "x \<sqsubseteq> x"
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  1997
by(simp add: below_def idem)
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  1998
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  1999
lemma (in ACIfSL) below_f_conv[simp]: "x \<sqsubseteq> y \<cdot> z = (x \<sqsubseteq> y \<and> x \<sqsubseteq> z)"
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2000
proof
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2001
  assume "x \<sqsubseteq> y \<cdot> z"
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2002
  hence xyzx: "x \<cdot> (y \<cdot> z) = x"  by(simp add: below_def)
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2003
  have "x \<cdot> y = x"
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2004
  proof -
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2005
    have "x \<cdot> y = (x \<cdot> (y \<cdot> z)) \<cdot> y" by(rule subst[OF xyzx], rule refl)
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2006
    also have "\<dots> = x \<cdot> (y \<cdot> z)" by(simp add:ACI)
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2007
    also have "\<dots> = x" by(rule xyzx)
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2008
    finally show ?thesis .
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2009
  qed
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2010
  moreover have "x \<cdot> z = x"
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2011
  proof -
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2012
    have "x \<cdot> z = (x \<cdot> (y \<cdot> z)) \<cdot> z" by(rule subst[OF xyzx], rule refl)
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2013
    also have "\<dots> = x \<cdot> (y \<cdot> z)" by(simp add:ACI)
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2014
    also have "\<dots> = x" by(rule xyzx)
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2015
    finally show ?thesis .
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2016
  qed
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2017
  ultimately show "x \<sqsubseteq> y \<and> x \<sqsubseteq> z" by(simp add: below_def)
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2018
next
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2019
  assume a: "x \<sqsubseteq> y \<and> x \<sqsubseteq> z"
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2020
  hence y: "x \<cdot> y = x" and z: "x \<cdot> z = x" by(simp_all add: below_def)
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2021
  have "x \<cdot> (y \<cdot> z) = (x \<cdot> y) \<cdot> z" by(simp add:assoc)
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2022
  also have "x \<cdot> y = x" using a by(simp_all add: below_def)
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2023
  also have "x \<cdot> z = x" using a by(simp_all add: below_def)
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2024
  finally show "x \<sqsubseteq> y \<cdot> z" by(simp_all add: below_def)
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2025
qed
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2026
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2027
lemma (in ACIfSLlin) above_f_conv:
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2028
 "x \<cdot> y \<sqsubseteq> z = (x \<sqsubseteq> z \<or> y \<sqsubseteq> z)"
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2029
proof
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2030
  assume a: "x \<cdot> y \<sqsubseteq> z"
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2031
  have "x \<cdot> y = x \<or> x \<cdot> y = y" using lin[of x y] by simp
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2032
  thus "x \<sqsubseteq> z \<or> y \<sqsubseteq> z"
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2033
  proof
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2034
    assume "x \<cdot> y = x" hence "x \<sqsubseteq> z" by(rule subst)(rule a) thus ?thesis ..
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2035
  next
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2036
    assume "x \<cdot> y = y" hence "y \<sqsubseteq> z" by(rule subst)(rule a) thus ?thesis ..
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2037
  qed
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2038
next
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2039
  assume "x \<sqsubseteq> z \<or> y \<sqsubseteq> z"
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2040
  thus "x \<cdot> y \<sqsubseteq> z"
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2041
  proof
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2042
    assume a: "x \<sqsubseteq> z"
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2043
    have "(x \<cdot> y) \<cdot> z = (x \<cdot> z) \<cdot> y" by(simp add:ACI)
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2044
    also have "x \<cdot> z = x" using a by(simp add:below_def)
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2045
    finally show "x \<cdot> y \<sqsubseteq> z" by(simp add:below_def)
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2046
  next
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2047
    assume a: "y \<sqsubseteq> z"
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2048
    have "(x \<cdot> y) \<cdot> z = x \<cdot> (y \<cdot> z)" by(simp add:ACI)
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2049
    also have "y \<cdot> z = y" using a by(simp add:below_def)
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2050
    finally show "x \<cdot> y \<sqsubseteq> z" by(simp add:below_def)
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2051
  qed
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2052
qed
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2053
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2054
18493
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2055
lemma (in ACIfSLlin) strict_below_f_conv[simp]: "x \<sqsubset> y \<cdot> z = (x \<sqsubset> y \<and> x \<sqsubset> z)"
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2056
apply(simp add: strict_below_def)
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2057
using lin[of y z] by (auto simp:below_def ACI)
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2058
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2059
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2060
lemma (in ACIfSLlin) strict_above_f_conv:
19931
fb32b43e7f80 Restructured locales with predicates: import is now an interpretation.
ballarin
parents: 19870
diff changeset
  2061
  "x \<cdot> y \<sqsubset> z = (x \<sqsubset> z \<or> y \<sqsubset> z)"
18493
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2062
apply(simp add: strict_below_def above_f_conv)
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2063
using lin[of y z] lin[of x z] by (auto simp:below_def ACI)
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2064
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2065
15502
9d012c7fadab fixed latex problems
nipkow
parents: 15500
diff changeset
  2066
subsubsection{* Lemmas about @{text fold1} *}
15484
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2067
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2068
lemma (in ACf) fold1_Un:
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2069
assumes A: "finite A" "A \<noteq> {}"
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2070
shows "finite B \<Longrightarrow> B \<noteq> {} \<Longrightarrow> A Int B = {} \<Longrightarrow>
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2071
       fold1 f (A Un B) = f (fold1 f A) (fold1 f B)"
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2072
using A
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2073
proof(induct rule:finite_ne_induct)
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2074
  case singleton thus ?case by(simp add:fold1_insert)
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2075
next
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2076
  case insert thus ?case by (simp add:fold1_insert assoc)
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2077
qed
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2078
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2079
lemma (in ACIf) fold1_Un2:
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2080
assumes A: "finite A" "A \<noteq> {}"
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2081
shows "finite B \<Longrightarrow> B \<noteq> {} \<Longrightarrow>
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2082
       fold1 f (A Un B) = f (fold1 f A) (fold1 f B)"
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2083
using A
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2084
proof(induct rule:finite_ne_induct)
15509
c54970704285 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15508
diff changeset
  2085
  case singleton thus ?case by(simp add:fold1_insert_idem)
15484
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2086
next
15509
c54970704285 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15508
diff changeset
  2087
  case insert thus ?case by (simp add:fold1_insert_idem assoc)
15484
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2088
qed
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2089
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2090
lemma (in ACf) fold1_in:
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2091
  assumes A: "finite (A)" "A \<noteq> {}" and elem: "\<And>x y. x\<cdot>y \<in> {x,y}"
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2092
  shows "fold1 f A \<in> A"
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2093
using A
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2094
proof (induct rule:finite_ne_induct)
15506
864238c95b56 new treatment of fold1
paulson
parents: 15505
diff changeset
  2095
  case singleton thus ?case by simp
15484
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2096
next
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2097
  case insert thus ?case using elem by (force simp add:fold1_insert)
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2098
qed
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2099
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2100
lemma (in ACIfSL) below_fold1_iff:
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2101
assumes A: "finite A" "A \<noteq> {}"
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2102
shows "x \<sqsubseteq> fold1 f A = (\<forall>a\<in>A. x \<sqsubseteq> a)"
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2103
using A
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2104
by(induct rule:finite_ne_induct) simp_all
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2105
18493
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2106
lemma (in ACIfSLlin) strict_below_fold1_iff:
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2107
  "finite A \<Longrightarrow> A \<noteq> {} \<Longrightarrow> x \<sqsubset> fold1 f A = (\<forall>a\<in>A. x \<sqsubset> a)"
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2108
by(induct rule:finite_ne_induct) simp_all
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2109
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2110
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2111
lemma (in ACIfSL) fold1_belowI:
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2112
assumes A: "finite A" "A \<noteq> {}"
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2113
shows "a \<in> A \<Longrightarrow> fold1 f A \<sqsubseteq> a"
15484
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2114
using A
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2115
proof (induct rule:finite_ne_induct)
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2116
  case singleton thus ?case by simp
15484
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2117
next
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2118
  case (insert x F)
15517
3bc57d428ec1 Subscripts for theorem lists now start at 1.
berghofe
parents: 15512
diff changeset
  2119
  from insert(5) have "a = x \<or> a \<in> F" by simp
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2120
  thus ?case
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2121
  proof
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2122
    assume "a = x" thus ?thesis using insert by(simp add:below_def ACI)
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2123
  next
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2124
    assume "a \<in> F"
15508
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  2125
    hence bel: "fold1 f F \<sqsubseteq> a" by(rule insert)
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  2126
    have "fold1 f (insert x F) \<cdot> a = x \<cdot> (fold1 f F \<cdot> a)"
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2127
      using insert by(simp add:below_def ACI)
15508
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  2128
    also have "fold1 f F \<cdot> a = fold1 f F"
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2129
      using bel  by(simp add:below_def ACI)
15508
c09defa4c956 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15507
diff changeset
  2130
    also have "x \<cdot> \<dots> = fold1 f (insert x F)"
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2131
      using insert by(simp add:below_def ACI)
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2132
    finally show ?thesis  by(simp add:below_def)
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2133
  qed
15484
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2134
qed
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2135
18493
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2136
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2137
lemma (in ACIfSLlin) fold1_below_iff:
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2138
assumes A: "finite A" "A \<noteq> {}"
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2139
shows "fold1 f A \<sqsubseteq> x = (\<exists>a\<in>A. a \<sqsubseteq> x)"
15484
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2140
using A
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2141
by(induct rule:finite_ne_induct)(simp_all add:above_f_conv)
15484
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2142
18493
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2143
lemma (in ACIfSLlin) fold1_strict_below_iff:
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2144
assumes A: "finite A" "A \<noteq> {}"
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2145
shows "fold1 f A \<sqsubset> x = (\<exists>a\<in>A. a \<sqsubset> x)"
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2146
using A
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2147
by(induct rule:finite_ne_induct)(simp_all add:strict_above_f_conv)
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2148
15512
ed1fa4617f52 Extracted generic lattice stuff to new Lattice_Locales.thy
nipkow
parents: 15510
diff changeset
  2149
18423
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2150
lemma (in ACIfSLlin) fold1_antimono:
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2151
assumes "A \<noteq> {}" and "A \<subseteq> B" and "finite B"
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2152
shows "fold1 f B \<sqsubseteq> fold1 f A"
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2153
proof(cases)
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2154
  assume "A = B" thus ?thesis by simp
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2155
next
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2156
  assume "A \<noteq> B"
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2157
  have B: "B = A \<union> (B-A)" using `A \<subseteq> B` by blast
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2158
  have "fold1 f B = fold1 f (A \<union> (B-A))" by(subst B)(rule refl)
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2159
  also have "\<dots> = f (fold1 f A) (fold1 f (B-A))"
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2160
  proof -
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2161
    have "finite A" by(rule finite_subset[OF `A \<subseteq> B` `finite B`])
18493
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2162
    moreover have "finite(B-A)" by(rule finite_Diff[OF `finite B`]) (* by(blast intro:finite_Diff prems) fails *)
18423
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2163
    moreover have "(B-A) \<noteq> {}" using prems by blast
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2164
    moreover have "A Int (B-A) = {}" using prems by blast
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2165
    ultimately show ?thesis using `A \<noteq> {}` by(rule_tac fold1_Un)
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2166
  qed
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2167
  also have "\<dots> \<sqsubseteq> fold1 f A" by(simp add: above_f_conv)
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2168
  finally show ?thesis .
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2169
qed
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2170
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2171
18493
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2172
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2173
subsubsection{* Lattices *}
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2174
15512
ed1fa4617f52 Extracted generic lattice stuff to new Lattice_Locales.thy
nipkow
parents: 15510
diff changeset
  2175
locale Lattice = lattice +
ed1fa4617f52 Extracted generic lattice stuff to new Lattice_Locales.thy
nipkow
parents: 15510
diff changeset
  2176
  fixes Inf :: "'a set \<Rightarrow> 'a" ("\<Sqinter>_" [900] 900)
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2177
  and Sup :: "'a set \<Rightarrow> 'a" ("\<Squnion>_" [900] 900)
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2178
  defines "Inf == fold1 inf"  and "Sup == fold1 sup"
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2179
15512
ed1fa4617f52 Extracted generic lattice stuff to new Lattice_Locales.thy
nipkow
parents: 15510
diff changeset
  2180
locale Distrib_Lattice = distrib_lattice + Lattice
15504
5bc81e50f2c5 *** empty log message ***
nipkow
parents: 15502
diff changeset
  2181
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2182
text{* Lattices are semilattices *}
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2183
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2184
lemma (in Lattice) ACf_inf: "ACf inf"
15512
ed1fa4617f52 Extracted generic lattice stuff to new Lattice_Locales.thy
nipkow
parents: 15510
diff changeset
  2185
by(blast intro: ACf.intro inf_commute inf_assoc)
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2186
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2187
lemma (in Lattice) ACf_sup: "ACf sup"
15512
ed1fa4617f52 Extracted generic lattice stuff to new Lattice_Locales.thy
nipkow
parents: 15510
diff changeset
  2188
by(blast intro: ACf.intro sup_commute sup_assoc)
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2189
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2190
lemma (in Lattice) ACIf_inf: "ACIf inf"
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2191
apply(rule ACIf.intro)
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2192
apply(rule ACf_inf)
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2193
apply(rule ACIf_axioms.intro)
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2194
apply(rule inf_idem)
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2195
done
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2196
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2197
lemma (in Lattice) ACIf_sup: "ACIf sup"
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2198
apply(rule ACIf.intro)
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2199
apply(rule ACf_sup)
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2200
apply(rule ACIf_axioms.intro)
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2201
apply(rule sup_idem)
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2202
done
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2203
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2204
lemma (in Lattice) ACIfSL_inf: "ACIfSL inf (op \<sqsubseteq>)"
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2205
apply(rule ACIfSL.intro)
19931
fb32b43e7f80 Restructured locales with predicates: import is now an interpretation.
ballarin
parents: 19870
diff changeset
  2206
apply(rule ACIf.intro)
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2207
apply(rule ACf_inf)
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2208
apply(rule ACIf.axioms[OF ACIf_inf])
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2209
apply(rule ACIfSL_axioms.intro)
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2210
apply(rule iffI)
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2211
 apply(blast intro: antisym inf_le1 inf_le2 inf_least refl)
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2212
apply(erule subst)
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2213
apply(rule inf_le2)
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2214
done
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2215
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2216
lemma (in Lattice) ACIfSL_sup: "ACIfSL sup (%x y. y \<sqsubseteq> x)"
19984
29bb4659f80a Method intro_locales replaced by intro_locales and unfold_locales.
ballarin
parents: 19931
diff changeset
  2217
(* FIXME: insert ACf_sup and use unfold_locales *)
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2218
apply(rule ACIfSL.intro)
19931
fb32b43e7f80 Restructured locales with predicates: import is now an interpretation.
ballarin
parents: 19870
diff changeset
  2219
apply(rule ACIf.intro)
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2220
apply(rule ACf_sup)
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2221
apply(rule ACIf.axioms[OF ACIf_sup])
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2222
apply(rule ACIfSL_axioms.intro)
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2223
apply(rule iffI)
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2224
 apply(blast intro: antisym sup_ge1 sup_ge2 sup_greatest refl)
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2225
apply(erule subst)
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2226
apply(rule sup_ge2)
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2227
done
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2228
15505
c929e1cbef88 Fixed lattice defns
nipkow
parents: 15504
diff changeset
  2229
c929e1cbef88 Fixed lattice defns
nipkow
parents: 15504
diff changeset
  2230
subsubsection{* Fold laws in lattices *}
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2231
15780
6744bba5561d Used locale interpretations everywhere.
nipkow
parents: 15770
diff changeset
  2232
lemma (in Lattice) Inf_le_Sup[simp]: "\<lbrakk> finite A; A \<noteq> {} \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> \<Sqinter>A \<sqsubseteq> \<Squnion>A"
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2233
apply(unfold Sup_def Inf_def)
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2234
apply(subgoal_tac "EX a. a:A")
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2235
prefer 2 apply blast
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2236
apply(erule exE)
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2237
apply(rule trans)
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2238
apply(erule (2) ACIfSL.fold1_belowI[OF ACIfSL_inf])
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2239
apply(erule (2) ACIfSL.fold1_belowI[OF ACIfSL_sup])
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2240
done
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2241
15780
6744bba5561d Used locale interpretations everywhere.
nipkow
parents: 15770
diff changeset
  2242
lemma (in Lattice) sup_Inf_absorb[simp]:
15504
5bc81e50f2c5 *** empty log message ***
nipkow
parents: 15502
diff changeset
  2243
  "\<lbrakk> finite A; A \<noteq> {}; a \<in> A \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> (a \<squnion> \<Sqinter>A) = a"
15512
ed1fa4617f52 Extracted generic lattice stuff to new Lattice_Locales.thy
nipkow
parents: 15510
diff changeset
  2244
apply(subst sup_commute)
15504
5bc81e50f2c5 *** empty log message ***
nipkow
parents: 15502
diff changeset
  2245
apply(simp add:Inf_def sup_absorb ACIfSL.fold1_belowI[OF ACIfSL_inf])
5bc81e50f2c5 *** empty log message ***
nipkow
parents: 15502
diff changeset
  2246
done
5bc81e50f2c5 *** empty log message ***
nipkow
parents: 15502
diff changeset
  2247
15780
6744bba5561d Used locale interpretations everywhere.
nipkow
parents: 15770
diff changeset
  2248
lemma (in Lattice) inf_Sup_absorb[simp]:
15504
5bc81e50f2c5 *** empty log message ***
nipkow
parents: 15502
diff changeset
  2249
  "\<lbrakk> finite A; A \<noteq> {}; a \<in> A \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> (a \<sqinter> \<Squnion>A) = a"
5bc81e50f2c5 *** empty log message ***
nipkow
parents: 15502
diff changeset
  2250
by(simp add:Sup_def inf_absorb ACIfSL.fold1_belowI[OF ACIfSL_sup])
5bc81e50f2c5 *** empty log message ***
nipkow
parents: 15502
diff changeset
  2251
5bc81e50f2c5 *** empty log message ***
nipkow
parents: 15502
diff changeset
  2252
18423
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2253
lemma (in ACIf) hom_fold1_commute:
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2254
assumes hom: "!!x y. h(f x y) = f (h x) (h y)"
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2255
and N: "finite N" "N \<noteq> {}" shows "h(fold1 f N) = fold1 f (h ` N)"
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2256
using N proof (induct rule: finite_ne_induct)
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2257
  case singleton thus ?case by simp
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2258
next
18423
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2259
  case (insert n N)
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2260
  have "h(fold1 f (insert n N)) = h(f n (fold1 f N))" using insert by(simp)
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2261
  also have "\<dots> = f (h n) (h(fold1 f N))" by(rule hom)
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2262
  also have "h(fold1 f N) = fold1 f (h ` N)" by(rule insert)
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2263
  also have "f (h n) \<dots> = fold1 f (insert (h n) (h ` N))"
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2264
    using insert by(simp)
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2265
  also have "insert (h n) (h ` N) = h ` insert n N" by simp
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2266
  finally show ?case .
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2267
qed
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2268
18423
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2269
lemma (in Distrib_Lattice) sup_Inf1_distrib:
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2270
 "finite A \<Longrightarrow> A \<noteq> {} \<Longrightarrow> (x \<squnion> \<Sqinter>A) = \<Sqinter>{x \<squnion> a|a. a \<in> A}"
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2271
apply(simp add:Inf_def image_def
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2272
  ACIf.hom_fold1_commute[OF ACIf_inf, where h="sup x", OF sup_inf_distrib1])
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2273
apply(rule arg_cong, blast)
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2274
done
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2275
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2276
15512
ed1fa4617f52 Extracted generic lattice stuff to new Lattice_Locales.thy
nipkow
parents: 15510
diff changeset
  2277
lemma (in Distrib_Lattice) sup_Inf2_distrib:
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2278
assumes A: "finite A" "A \<noteq> {}" and B: "finite B" "B \<noteq> {}"
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2279
shows "(\<Sqinter>A \<squnion> \<Sqinter>B) = \<Sqinter>{a \<squnion> b|a b. a \<in> A \<and> b \<in> B}"
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2280
using A
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2281
proof (induct rule: finite_ne_induct)
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2282
  case singleton thus ?case
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2283
    by(simp add: sup_Inf1_distrib[OF B] fold1_singleton_def[OF Inf_def])
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2284
next
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2285
  case (insert x A)
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2286
  have finB: "finite {x \<squnion> b |b. b \<in> B}"
15517
3bc57d428ec1 Subscripts for theorem lists now start at 1.
berghofe
parents: 15512
diff changeset
  2287
    by(fast intro: finite_surj[where f = "%b. x \<squnion> b", OF B(1)])
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2288
  have finAB: "finite {a \<squnion> b |a b. a \<in> A \<and> b \<in> B}"
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2289
  proof -
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2290
    have "{a \<squnion> b |a b. a \<in> A \<and> b \<in> B} = (UN a:A. UN b:B. {a \<squnion> b})"
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2291
      by blast
15517
3bc57d428ec1 Subscripts for theorem lists now start at 1.
berghofe
parents: 15512
diff changeset
  2292
    thus ?thesis by(simp add: insert(1) B(1))
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2293
  qed
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2294
  have ne: "{a \<squnion> b |a b. a \<in> A \<and> b \<in> B} \<noteq> {}" using insert B by blast
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2295
  have "\<Sqinter>(insert x A) \<squnion> \<Sqinter>B = (x \<sqinter> \<Sqinter>A) \<squnion> \<Sqinter>B"
15509
c54970704285 revised fold1 proofs
paulson
parents: 15508
diff changeset
  2296
    using insert by(simp add:ACIf.fold1_insert_idem_def[OF ACIf_inf Inf_def])
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2297
  also have "\<dots> = (x \<squnion> \<Sqinter>B) \<sqinter> (\<Sqinter>A \<squnion> \<Sqinter>B)" by(rule sup_inf_distrib2)
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2298
  also have "\<dots> = \<Sqinter>{x \<squnion> b|b. b \<in> B} \<sqinter> \<Sqinter>{a \<squnion> b|a b. a \<in> A \<and> b \<in> B}"
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2299
    using insert by(simp add:sup_Inf1_distrib[OF B])
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2300
  also have "\<dots> = \<Sqinter>({x\<squnion>b |b. b \<in> B} \<union> {a\<squnion>b |a b. a \<in> A \<and> b \<in> B})"
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2301
    (is "_ = \<Sqinter>?M")
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2302
    using B insert
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2303
    by(simp add:Inf_def ACIf.fold1_Un2[OF ACIf_inf finB _ finAB ne])
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2304
  also have "?M = {a \<squnion> b |a b. a \<in> insert x A \<and> b \<in> B}"
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2305
    by blast
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2306
  finally show ?case .
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2307
qed
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2308
15484
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2309
18423
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2310
lemma (in Distrib_Lattice) inf_Sup1_distrib:
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2311
 "finite A \<Longrightarrow> A \<noteq> {} \<Longrightarrow> (x \<sqinter> \<Squnion>A) = \<Squnion>{x \<sqinter> a|a. a \<in> A}"
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2312
apply(simp add:Sup_def image_def
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2313
  ACIf.hom_fold1_commute[OF ACIf_sup, where h="inf x", OF inf_sup_distrib1])
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2314
apply(rule arg_cong, blast)
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2315
done
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2316
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2317
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2318
lemma (in Distrib_Lattice) inf_Sup2_distrib:
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2319
assumes A: "finite A" "A \<noteq> {}" and B: "finite B" "B \<noteq> {}"
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2320
shows "(\<Squnion>A \<sqinter> \<Squnion>B) = \<Squnion>{a \<sqinter> b|a b. a \<in> A \<and> b \<in> B}"
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2321
using A
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2322
proof (induct rule: finite_ne_induct)
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2323
  case singleton thus ?case
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2324
    by(simp add: inf_Sup1_distrib[OF B] fold1_singleton_def[OF Sup_def])
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2325
next
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2326
  case (insert x A)
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2327
  have finB: "finite {x \<sqinter> b |b. b \<in> B}"
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2328
    by(fast intro: finite_surj[where f = "%b. x \<sqinter> b", OF B(1)])
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2329
  have finAB: "finite {a \<sqinter> b |a b. a \<in> A \<and> b \<in> B}"
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2330
  proof -
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2331
    have "{a \<sqinter> b |a b. a \<in> A \<and> b \<in> B} = (UN a:A. UN b:B. {a \<sqinter> b})"
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2332
      by blast
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2333
    thus ?thesis by(simp add: insert(1) B(1))
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2334
  qed
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2335
  have ne: "{a \<sqinter> b |a b. a \<in> A \<and> b \<in> B} \<noteq> {}" using insert B by blast
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2336
  have "\<Squnion>(insert x A) \<sqinter> \<Squnion>B = (x \<squnion> \<Squnion>A) \<sqinter> \<Squnion>B"
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2337
    using insert by(simp add:ACIf.fold1_insert_idem_def[OF ACIf_sup Sup_def])
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2338
  also have "\<dots> = (x \<sqinter> \<Squnion>B) \<squnion> (\<Squnion>A \<sqinter> \<Squnion>B)" by(rule inf_sup_distrib2)
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2339
  also have "\<dots> = \<Squnion>{x \<sqinter> b|b. b \<in> B} \<squnion> \<Squnion>{a \<sqinter> b|a b. a \<in> A \<and> b \<in> B}"
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2340
    using insert by(simp add:inf_Sup1_distrib[OF B])
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2341
  also have "\<dots> = \<Squnion>({x\<sqinter>b |b. b \<in> B} \<union> {a\<sqinter>b |a b. a \<in> A \<and> b \<in> B})"
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2342
    (is "_ = \<Squnion>?M")
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2343
    using B insert
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2344
    by(simp add:Sup_def ACIf.fold1_Un2[OF ACIf_sup finB _ finAB ne])
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2345
  also have "?M = {a \<sqinter> b |a b. a \<in> insert x A \<and> b \<in> B}"
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2346
    by blast
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2347
  finally show ?case .
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2348
qed
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2349
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2350
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  2351
subsection{*Min and Max*}
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  2352
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  2353
text{* As an application of @{text fold1} we define the minimal and
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2354
maximal element of a (non-empty) set over a linear order. *}
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2355
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2356
constdefs
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2357
  Min :: "('a::linorder)set => 'a"
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2358
  "Min  ==  fold1 min"
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2359
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2360
  Max :: "('a::linorder)set => 'a"
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2361
  "Max  ==  fold1 max"
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2362
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2363
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2364
text{* Before we can do anything, we need to show that @{text min} and
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2365
@{text max} are ACI and the ordering is linear: *}
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  2366
15837
7a567dcd4cda Subsumption of locale interpretations.
ballarin
parents: 15791
diff changeset
  2367
interpretation min: ACf ["min:: 'a::linorder \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'a"]
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  2368
apply(rule ACf.intro)
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  2369
apply(auto simp:min_def)
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  2370
done
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  2371
15837
7a567dcd4cda Subsumption of locale interpretations.
ballarin
parents: 15791
diff changeset
  2372
interpretation min: ACIf ["min:: 'a::linorder \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'a"]
19984
29bb4659f80a Method intro_locales replaced by intro_locales and unfold_locales.
ballarin
parents: 19931
diff changeset
  2373
apply unfold_locales
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  2374
apply(auto simp:min_def)
15376
302ef111b621 Started to clean up and generalize FiniteSet
nipkow
parents: 15327
diff changeset
  2375
done
302ef111b621 Started to clean up and generalize FiniteSet
nipkow
parents: 15327
diff changeset
  2376
15837
7a567dcd4cda Subsumption of locale interpretations.
ballarin
parents: 15791
diff changeset
  2377
interpretation max: ACf ["max :: 'a::linorder \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'a"]
19984
29bb4659f80a Method intro_locales replaced by intro_locales and unfold_locales.
ballarin
parents: 19931
diff changeset
  2378
apply unfold_locales
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  2379
apply(auto simp:max_def)
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  2380
done
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  2381
15837
7a567dcd4cda Subsumption of locale interpretations.
ballarin
parents: 15791
diff changeset
  2382
interpretation max: ACIf ["max:: 'a::linorder \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'a"]
19984
29bb4659f80a Method intro_locales replaced by intro_locales and unfold_locales.
ballarin
parents: 19931
diff changeset
  2383
apply unfold_locales
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  2384
apply(auto simp:max_def)
15376
302ef111b621 Started to clean up and generalize FiniteSet
nipkow
parents: 15327
diff changeset
  2385
done
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  2386
15837
7a567dcd4cda Subsumption of locale interpretations.
ballarin
parents: 15791
diff changeset
  2387
interpretation min:
18493
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2388
  ACIfSL ["min:: 'a::linorder \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'a" "op \<le>" "op <"]
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2389
apply(simp add:order_less_le)
19984
29bb4659f80a Method intro_locales replaced by intro_locales and unfold_locales.
ballarin
parents: 19931
diff changeset
  2390
apply unfold_locales
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2391
apply(auto simp:min_def)
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2392
done
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2393
15837
7a567dcd4cda Subsumption of locale interpretations.
ballarin
parents: 15791
diff changeset
  2394
interpretation min:
18493
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2395
  ACIfSLlin ["min :: 'a::linorder \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'a" "op \<le>" "op <"]
19984
29bb4659f80a Method intro_locales replaced by intro_locales and unfold_locales.
ballarin
parents: 19931
diff changeset
  2396
apply unfold_locales
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2397
apply(auto simp:min_def)
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2398
done
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  2399
15837
7a567dcd4cda Subsumption of locale interpretations.
ballarin
parents: 15791
diff changeset
  2400
interpretation max:
18493
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2401
  ACIfSL ["max :: 'a::linorder \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'a" "%x y. y\<le>x" "%x y. y<x"]
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2402
apply(simp add:order_less_le eq_sym_conv)
19984
29bb4659f80a Method intro_locales replaced by intro_locales and unfold_locales.
ballarin
parents: 19931
diff changeset
  2403
apply unfold_locales
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2404
apply(auto simp:max_def)
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2405
done
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  2406
15837
7a567dcd4cda Subsumption of locale interpretations.
ballarin
parents: 15791
diff changeset
  2407
interpretation max:
18493
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2408
  ACIfSLlin ["max :: 'a::linorder \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'a" "%x y. y\<le>x" "%x y. y<x"]
19984
29bb4659f80a Method intro_locales replaced by intro_locales and unfold_locales.
ballarin
parents: 19931
diff changeset
  2409
apply unfold_locales
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2410
apply(auto simp:max_def)
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2411
done
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  2412
15837
7a567dcd4cda Subsumption of locale interpretations.
ballarin
parents: 15791
diff changeset
  2413
interpretation min_max:
21215
7c9337a0e30a made locale partial_order compatible with axclass order
haftmann
parents: 21199
diff changeset
  2414
  Lattice ["op \<le>" "op <" "min :: 'a::linorder \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'a" "max" "Min" "Max"]
15780
6744bba5561d Used locale interpretations everywhere.
nipkow
parents: 15770
diff changeset
  2415
apply -
6744bba5561d Used locale interpretations everywhere.
nipkow
parents: 15770
diff changeset
  2416
apply(rule Min_def)
6744bba5561d Used locale interpretations everywhere.
nipkow
parents: 15770
diff changeset
  2417
apply(rule Max_def)
19984
29bb4659f80a Method intro_locales replaced by intro_locales and unfold_locales.
ballarin
parents: 19931
diff changeset
  2418
apply unfold_locales
15507
2f3186b3e455 cvs merge problem fixed
nipkow
parents: 15506
diff changeset
  2419
done
15500
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2420
dd4ab096f082 Added Lattice locale
nipkow
parents: 15498
diff changeset
  2421
15837
7a567dcd4cda Subsumption of locale interpretations.
ballarin
parents: 15791
diff changeset
  2422
interpretation min_max:
21215
7c9337a0e30a made locale partial_order compatible with axclass order
haftmann
parents: 21199
diff changeset
  2423
  Distrib_Lattice ["op \<le>" "op <" "min :: 'a::linorder \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'a" "max" "Min" "Max"]
19984
29bb4659f80a Method intro_locales replaced by intro_locales and unfold_locales.
ballarin
parents: 19931
diff changeset
  2424
  by unfold_locales
19931
fb32b43e7f80 Restructured locales with predicates: import is now an interpretation.
ballarin
parents: 19870
diff changeset
  2425
15765
6472d4942992 Cleaned up, now uses interpretation.
ballarin
parents: 15554
diff changeset
  2426
15402
97204f3b4705 REorganized Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15392
diff changeset
  2427
text{* Now we instantiate the recursion equations and declare them
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  2428
simplification rules: *}
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  2429
17085
5b57f995a179 more simprules now have names
paulson
parents: 17022
diff changeset
  2430
(* Making Min or Max a defined parameter of a locale, suitably
5b57f995a179 more simprules now have names
paulson
parents: 17022
diff changeset
  2431
  extending ACIf, could make the following interpretations more automatic. *)
15765
6472d4942992 Cleaned up, now uses interpretation.
ballarin
parents: 15554
diff changeset
  2432
17085
5b57f995a179 more simprules now have names
paulson
parents: 17022
diff changeset
  2433
lemmas Min_singleton = fold1_singleton_def [OF Min_def]
5b57f995a179 more simprules now have names
paulson
parents: 17022
diff changeset
  2434
lemmas Max_singleton = fold1_singleton_def [OF Max_def]
5b57f995a179 more simprules now have names
paulson
parents: 17022
diff changeset
  2435
lemmas Min_insert = min.fold1_insert_idem_def [OF Min_def]
5b57f995a179 more simprules now have names
paulson
parents: 17022
diff changeset
  2436
lemmas Max_insert = max.fold1_insert_idem_def [OF Max_def]
5b57f995a179 more simprules now have names
paulson
parents: 17022
diff changeset
  2437
5b57f995a179 more simprules now have names
paulson
parents: 17022
diff changeset
  2438
declare Min_singleton [simp]  Max_singleton [simp]
5b57f995a179 more simprules now have names
paulson
parents: 17022
diff changeset
  2439
declare Min_insert [simp]  Max_insert [simp]
5b57f995a179 more simprules now have names
paulson
parents: 17022
diff changeset
  2440
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  2441
15484
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2442
text{* Now we instantiate some @{text fold1} properties: *}
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  2443
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  2444
lemma Min_in [simp]:
15484
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2445
  shows "finite A \<Longrightarrow> A \<noteq> {} \<Longrightarrow> Min A \<in> A"
15791
446ec11266be tuning locales
nipkow
parents: 15780
diff changeset
  2446
using min.fold1_in
15484
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2447
by(fastsimp simp: Min_def min_def)
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  2448
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  2449
lemma Max_in [simp]:
15484
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2450
  shows "finite A \<Longrightarrow> A \<noteq> {} \<Longrightarrow> Max A \<in> A"
15791
446ec11266be tuning locales
nipkow
parents: 15780
diff changeset
  2451
using max.fold1_in
15484
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2452
by(fastsimp simp: Max_def max_def)
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  2453
18423
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2454
lemma Min_antimono: "\<lbrakk> M \<subseteq> N; M \<noteq> {}; finite N \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> Min N \<le> Min M"
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2455
by(simp add:Finite_Set.Min_def min.fold1_antimono)
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2456
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2457
lemma Max_mono: "\<lbrakk> M \<subseteq> N; M \<noteq> {}; finite N \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> Max M \<le> Max N"
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2458
by(simp add:Max_def max.fold1_antimono)
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2459
15484
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2460
lemma Min_le [simp]: "\<lbrakk> finite A; A \<noteq> {}; x \<in> A \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> Min A \<le> x"
15791
446ec11266be tuning locales
nipkow
parents: 15780
diff changeset
  2461
by(simp add: Min_def min.fold1_belowI)
15392
290bc97038c7 First step in reorganizing Finite_Set
nipkow
parents: 15376
diff changeset
  2462
15484
2636ec211ec8 fold and fol1 changes
nipkow
parents: 15483
diff changeset
  2463
lemma Max_ge [simp]: "\<lbrakk> finite A; A \<noteq> {}; x \<in> A \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> x \<le> Max A"
15791
446ec11266be tuning locales
nipkow
parents: 15780
diff changeset
  2464
by(simp add: Max_def max.fold1_belowI)
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2465
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2466
lemma Min_ge_iff[simp]:
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2467
  "\<lbrakk> finite A; A \<noteq> {} \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> (x \<le> Min A) = (\<forall>a\<in>A. x \<le> a)"
15791
446ec11266be tuning locales
nipkow
parents: 15780
diff changeset
  2468
by(simp add: Min_def min.below_fold1_iff)
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2469
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2470
lemma Max_le_iff[simp]:
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2471
  "\<lbrakk> finite A; A \<noteq> {} \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> (Max A \<le> x) = (\<forall>a\<in>A. a \<le> x)"
15791
446ec11266be tuning locales
nipkow
parents: 15780
diff changeset
  2472
by(simp add: Max_def max.below_fold1_iff)
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2473
18493
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2474
lemma Min_gr_iff[simp]:
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2475
  "\<lbrakk> finite A; A \<noteq> {} \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> (x < Min A) = (\<forall>a\<in>A. x < a)"
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2476
by(simp add: Min_def min.strict_below_fold1_iff)
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2477
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2478
lemma Max_less_iff[simp]:
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2479
  "\<lbrakk> finite A; A \<noteq> {} \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> (Max A < x) = (\<forall>a\<in>A. a < x)"
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2480
by(simp add: Max_def max.strict_below_fold1_iff)
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2481
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2482
lemma Min_le_iff:
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2483
  "\<lbrakk> finite A; A \<noteq> {} \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> (Min A \<le> x) = (\<exists>a\<in>A. a \<le> x)"
15791
446ec11266be tuning locales
nipkow
parents: 15780
diff changeset
  2484
by(simp add: Min_def min.fold1_below_iff)
15497
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2485
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2486
lemma Max_ge_iff:
53bca254719a Added semi-lattice locales and reorganized fold1 lemmas
nipkow
parents: 15487
diff changeset
  2487
  "\<lbrakk> finite A; A \<noteq> {} \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> (x \<le> Max A) = (\<exists>a\<in>A. x \<le> a)"
15791
446ec11266be tuning locales
nipkow
parents: 15780
diff changeset
  2488
by(simp add: Max_def max.fold1_below_iff)
12396
2298d5b8e530 renamed theory Finite to Finite_Set and converted;
wenzelm
parents:
diff changeset
  2489
18493
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2490
lemma Min_le_iff:
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2491
  "\<lbrakk> finite A; A \<noteq> {} \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> (Min A < x) = (\<exists>a\<in>A. a < x)"
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2492
by(simp add: Min_def min.fold1_strict_below_iff)
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2493
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2494
lemma Max_ge_iff:
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2495
  "\<lbrakk> finite A; A \<noteq> {} \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> (x < Max A) = (\<exists>a\<in>A. x < a)"
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2496
by(simp add: Max_def max.fold1_strict_below_iff)
343da052b961 more lemmas
nipkow
parents: 18423
diff changeset
  2497
18423
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2498
lemma Min_Un: "\<lbrakk>finite A; A \<noteq> {}; finite B; B \<noteq> {}\<rbrakk>
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2499
  \<Longrightarrow> Min (A \<union> B) = min (Min A) (Min B)"
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2500
by(simp add:Min_def min.f.fold1_Un2)
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2501
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2502
lemma Max_Un: "\<lbrakk>finite A; A \<noteq> {}; finite B; B \<noteq> {}\<rbrakk>
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2503
  \<Longrightarrow> Max (A \<union> B) = max (Max A) (Max B)"
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2504
by(simp add:Max_def max.f.fold1_Un2)
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2505
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2506
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2507
lemma hom_Min_commute:
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2508
 "(!!x y::'a::linorder. h(min x y) = min (h x) (h y::'a))
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2509
  \<Longrightarrow> finite N \<Longrightarrow> N \<noteq> {} \<Longrightarrow> h(Min N) = Min(h ` N)"
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2510
by(simp add:Finite_Set.Min_def min.hom_fold1_commute)
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2511
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2512
lemma hom_Max_commute:
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2513
 "(!!x y::'a::linorder. h(max x y) = max (h x) (h y::'a))
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2514
  \<Longrightarrow> finite N \<Longrightarrow> N \<noteq> {} \<Longrightarrow> h(Max N) = Max(h ` N)"
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2515
by(simp add:Max_def max.hom_fold1_commute)
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2516
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2517
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2518
lemma add_Min_commute: fixes k::"'a::{pordered_ab_semigroup_add,linorder}"
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2519
 shows "finite N \<Longrightarrow> N \<noteq> {} \<Longrightarrow> k + Min N = Min {k+m|m. m \<in> N}"
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2520
apply(subgoal_tac "!!x y. k + min x y = min (k + x) (k + y)")
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2521
using hom_Min_commute[of "op + k" N]
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2522
apply simp apply(rule arg_cong[where f = Min]) apply blast
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2523
apply(simp add:min_def linorder_not_le)
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2524
apply(blast intro:order.antisym order_less_imp_le add_left_mono)
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2525
done
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2526
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2527
lemma add_Max_commute: fixes k::"'a::{pordered_ab_semigroup_add,linorder}"
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2528
 shows "finite N \<Longrightarrow> N \<noteq> {} \<Longrightarrow> k + Max N = Max {k+m|m. m \<in> N}"
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2529
apply(subgoal_tac "!!x y. k + max x y = max (k + x) (k + y)")
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2530
using hom_Max_commute[of "op + k" N]
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2531
apply simp apply(rule arg_cong[where f = Max]) apply blast
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2532
apply(simp add:max_def linorder_not_le)
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2533
apply(blast intro:order.antisym order_less_imp_le add_left_mono)
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2534
done
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2535
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2536
d7859164447f new lemmas
nipkow
parents: 17782
diff changeset
  2537
17022
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2538
subsection {* Properties of axclass @{text finite} *}
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2539
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2540
text{* Many of these are by Brian Huffman. *}
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2541
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2542
lemma finite_set: "finite (A::'a::finite set)"
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2543
by (rule finite_subset [OF subset_UNIV finite])
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2544
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2545
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2546
instance unit :: finite
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2547
proof
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2548
  have "finite {()}" by simp
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2549
  also have "{()} = UNIV" by auto
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2550
  finally show "finite (UNIV :: unit set)" .
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2551
qed
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2552
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2553
instance bool :: finite
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2554
proof
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2555
  have "finite {True, False}" by simp
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2556
  also have "{True, False} = UNIV" by auto
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2557
  finally show "finite (UNIV :: bool set)" .
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2558
qed
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2559
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2560
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2561
instance * :: (finite, finite) finite
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2562
proof
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2563
  show "finite (UNIV :: ('a \<times> 'b) set)"
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2564
  proof (rule finite_Prod_UNIV)
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2565
    show "finite (UNIV :: 'a set)" by (rule finite)
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2566
    show "finite (UNIV :: 'b set)" by (rule finite)
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2567
  qed
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2568
qed
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2569
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2570
instance "+" :: (finite, finite) finite
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2571
proof
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2572
  have a: "finite (UNIV :: 'a set)" by (rule finite)
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2573
  have b: "finite (UNIV :: 'b set)" by (rule finite)
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2574
  from a b have "finite ((UNIV :: 'a set) <+> (UNIV :: 'b set))"
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2575
    by (rule finite_Plus)
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2576
  thus "finite (UNIV :: ('a + 'b) set)" by simp
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2577
qed
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2578
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2579
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2580
instance set :: (finite) finite
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2581
proof
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2582
  have "finite (UNIV :: 'a set)" by (rule finite)
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2583
  hence "finite (Pow (UNIV :: 'a set))"
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2584
    by (rule finite_Pow_iff [THEN iffD2])
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2585
  thus "finite (UNIV :: 'a set set)" by simp
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2586
qed
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2587
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2588
lemma inj_graph: "inj (%f. {(x, y). y = f x})"
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2589
by (rule inj_onI, auto simp add: expand_set_eq expand_fun_eq)
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2590
21215
7c9337a0e30a made locale partial_order compatible with axclass order
haftmann
parents: 21199
diff changeset
  2591
instance "fun" :: (finite, finite) finite
17022
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2592
proof
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2593
  show "finite (UNIV :: ('a => 'b) set)"
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2594
  proof (rule finite_imageD)
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2595
    let ?graph = "%f::'a => 'b. {(x, y). y = f x}"
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2596
    show "finite (range ?graph)" by (rule finite_set)
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2597
    show "inj ?graph" by (rule inj_graph)
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2598
  qed
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2599
qed
b257300c3a9c added Brian Hufmann's finite instances
nipkow
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  2600
15042
fa7d27ef7e59 added {0::nat..n(} = {..n(}
nipkow
parents: 15004
diff changeset
  2601
end