src/HOL/Fields.thy
author wenzelm
Tue, 01 Sep 2015 22:32:58 +0200
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(*  Title:      HOL/Fields.thy
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    Author:     Gertrud Bauer
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    Author:     Steven Obua
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    Author:     Tobias Nipkow
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    Author:     Lawrence C Paulson
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    Author:     Markus Wenzel
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    Author:     Jeremy Avigad
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*)
95b42e69436c HOL: installation of Ring_and_Field as the basis for Naturals and Reals
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section \<open>Fields\<close>
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theory Fields
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imports Rings
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begin
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subsection \<open>Division rings\<close>
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text \<open>
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  A division ring is like a field, but without the commutativity requirement.
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\<close>
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class inverse = divide +
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  fixes inverse :: "'a \<Rightarrow> 'a"
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begin
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abbreviation inverse_divide :: "'a \<Rightarrow> 'a \<Rightarrow> 'a"  (infixl "'/" 70)
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where
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  "inverse_divide \<equiv> divide"
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end
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text\<open>Lemmas @{text divide_simps} move division to the outside and eliminates them on (in)equalities.\<close>
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named_theorems divide_simps "rewrite rules to eliminate divisions"
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class division_ring = ring_1 + inverse +
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  assumes left_inverse [simp]:  "a \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> inverse a * a = 1"
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  assumes right_inverse [simp]: "a \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> a * inverse a = 1"
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  assumes divide_inverse: "a / b = a * inverse b"
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  assumes inverse_zero [simp]: "inverse 0 = 0"
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begin
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subclass ring_1_no_zero_divisors
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proof
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  fix a b :: 'a
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  assume a: "a \<noteq> 0" and b: "b \<noteq> 0"
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  show "a * b \<noteq> 0"
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  proof
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    assume ab: "a * b = 0"
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    hence "0 = inverse a * (a * b) * inverse b" by simp
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    also have "\<dots> = (inverse a * a) * (b * inverse b)"
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      by (simp only: mult.assoc)
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    also have "\<dots> = 1" using a b by simp
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    finally show False by simp
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  qed
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qed
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lemma nonzero_imp_inverse_nonzero:
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  "a \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> inverse a \<noteq> 0"
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proof
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  assume ianz: "inverse a = 0"
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  assume "a \<noteq> 0"
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  hence "1 = a * inverse a" by simp
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  also have "... = 0" by (simp add: ianz)
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  finally have "1 = 0" .
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  thus False by (simp add: eq_commute)
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qed
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lemma inverse_zero_imp_zero:
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  "inverse a = 0 \<Longrightarrow> a = 0"
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apply (rule classical)
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apply (drule nonzero_imp_inverse_nonzero)
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apply auto
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done
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lemma inverse_unique:
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  assumes ab: "a * b = 1"
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  shows "inverse a = b"
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proof -
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  have "a \<noteq> 0" using ab by (cases "a = 0") simp_all
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  moreover have "inverse a * (a * b) = inverse a" by (simp add: ab)
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  ultimately show ?thesis by (simp add: mult.assoc [symmetric])
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qed
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lemma nonzero_inverse_minus_eq:
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  "a \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> inverse (- a) = - inverse a"
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by (rule inverse_unique) simp
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lemma nonzero_inverse_inverse_eq:
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  "a \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> inverse (inverse a) = a"
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by (rule inverse_unique) simp
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lemma nonzero_inverse_eq_imp_eq:
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  assumes "inverse a = inverse b" and "a \<noteq> 0" and "b \<noteq> 0"
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  shows "a = b"
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proof -
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  from \<open>inverse a = inverse b\<close>
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  have "inverse (inverse a) = inverse (inverse b)" by (rule arg_cong)
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  with \<open>a \<noteq> 0\<close> and \<open>b \<noteq> 0\<close> show "a = b"
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    by (simp add: nonzero_inverse_inverse_eq)
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qed
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lemma inverse_1 [simp]: "inverse 1 = 1"
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by (rule inverse_unique) simp
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lemma nonzero_inverse_mult_distrib:
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  assumes "a \<noteq> 0" and "b \<noteq> 0"
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  shows "inverse (a * b) = inverse b * inverse a"
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proof -
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  have "a * (b * inverse b) * inverse a = 1" using assms by simp
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  hence "a * b * (inverse b * inverse a) = 1" by (simp only: mult.assoc)
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  thus ?thesis by (rule inverse_unique)
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qed
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lemma division_ring_inverse_add:
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  "a \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> b \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> inverse a + inverse b = inverse a * (a + b) * inverse b"
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by (simp add: algebra_simps)
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lemma division_ring_inverse_diff:
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  "a \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> b \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> inverse a - inverse b = inverse a * (b - a) * inverse b"
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by (simp add: algebra_simps)
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lemma right_inverse_eq: "b \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> a / b = 1 \<longleftrightarrow> a = b"
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proof
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  assume neq: "b \<noteq> 0"
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  {
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    hence "a = (a / b) * b" by (simp add: divide_inverse mult.assoc)
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    also assume "a / b = 1"
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    finally show "a = b" by simp
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  next
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    assume "a = b"
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    with neq show "a / b = 1" by (simp add: divide_inverse)
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  }
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qed
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lemma nonzero_inverse_eq_divide: "a \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> inverse a = 1 / a"
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by (simp add: divide_inverse)
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lemma divide_self [simp]: "a \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> a / a = 1"
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by (simp add: divide_inverse)
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lemma inverse_eq_divide [field_simps, divide_simps]: "inverse a = 1 / a"
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huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   143
by (simp add: divide_inverse)
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   144
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   145
lemma add_divide_distrib: "(a+b) / c = a/c + b/c"
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   146
by (simp add: divide_inverse algebra_simps)
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   147
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   148
lemma times_divide_eq_right [simp]: "a * (b / c) = (a * b) / c"
57512
cc97b347b301 reduced name variants for assoc and commute on plus and mult
haftmann
parents: 56571
diff changeset
   149
  by (simp add: divide_inverse mult.assoc)
44064
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   150
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   151
lemma minus_divide_left: "- (a / b) = (-a) / b"
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   152
  by (simp add: divide_inverse)
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   153
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   154
lemma nonzero_minus_divide_right: "b \<noteq> 0 ==> - (a / b) = a / (- b)"
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   155
  by (simp add: divide_inverse nonzero_inverse_minus_eq)
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   156
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   157
lemma nonzero_minus_divide_divide: "b \<noteq> 0 ==> (-a) / (-b) = a / b"
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   158
  by (simp add: divide_inverse nonzero_inverse_minus_eq)
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   159
56479
91958d4b30f7 revert c1bbd3e22226, a14831ac3023, and 36489d77c484: divide_minus_left/right are again simp rules
hoelzl
parents: 56445
diff changeset
   160
lemma divide_minus_left [simp]: "(-a) / b = - (a / b)"
44064
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   161
  by (simp add: divide_inverse)
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   162
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   163
lemma diff_divide_distrib: "(a - b) / c = a / c - b / c"
56479
91958d4b30f7 revert c1bbd3e22226, a14831ac3023, and 36489d77c484: divide_minus_left/right are again simp rules
hoelzl
parents: 56445
diff changeset
   164
  using add_divide_distrib [of a "- b" c] by simp
44064
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   165
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   166
lemma nonzero_eq_divide_eq [field_simps]: "c \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> a = b / c \<longleftrightarrow> a * c = b"
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   167
proof -
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   168
  assume [simp]: "c \<noteq> 0"
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   169
  have "a = b / c \<longleftrightarrow> a * c = (b / c) * c" by simp
57512
cc97b347b301 reduced name variants for assoc and commute on plus and mult
haftmann
parents: 56571
diff changeset
   170
  also have "... \<longleftrightarrow> a * c = b" by (simp add: divide_inverse mult.assoc)
44064
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   171
  finally show ?thesis .
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   172
qed
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   173
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   174
lemma nonzero_divide_eq_eq [field_simps]: "c \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> b / c = a \<longleftrightarrow> b = a * c"
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   175
proof -
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   176
  assume [simp]: "c \<noteq> 0"
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   177
  have "b / c = a \<longleftrightarrow> (b / c) * c = a * c" by simp
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   178
  also have "... \<longleftrightarrow> b = a * c" by (simp add: divide_inverse mult.assoc)
44064
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   179
  finally show ?thesis .
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   180
qed
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   181
56480
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   182
lemma nonzero_neg_divide_eq_eq [field_simps]: "b \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> - (a / b) = c \<longleftrightarrow> - a = c * b"
59535
9e7467829db5 less warnings
haftmann
parents: 58889
diff changeset
   183
  using nonzero_divide_eq_eq[of b "-a" c] by simp
56441
49e95c9ebb59 made field_simps "more complete"
nipkow
parents: 56414
diff changeset
   184
56480
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   185
lemma nonzero_neg_divide_eq_eq2 [field_simps]: "b \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> c = - (a / b) \<longleftrightarrow> c * b = - a"
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   186
  using nonzero_neg_divide_eq_eq[of b a c] by auto
56441
49e95c9ebb59 made field_simps "more complete"
nipkow
parents: 56414
diff changeset
   187
44064
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   188
lemma divide_eq_imp: "c \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> b = a * c \<Longrightarrow> b / c = a"
57512
cc97b347b301 reduced name variants for assoc and commute on plus and mult
haftmann
parents: 56571
diff changeset
   189
  by (simp add: divide_inverse mult.assoc)
44064
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   190
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   191
lemma eq_divide_imp: "c \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> a * c = b \<Longrightarrow> a = b / c"
57512
cc97b347b301 reduced name variants for assoc and commute on plus and mult
haftmann
parents: 56571
diff changeset
   192
  by (drule sym) (simp add: divide_inverse mult.assoc)
44064
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   193
56445
82ce19612fe8 tuned lemmas: more general class
nipkow
parents: 56441
diff changeset
   194
lemma add_divide_eq_iff [field_simps]:
82ce19612fe8 tuned lemmas: more general class
nipkow
parents: 56441
diff changeset
   195
  "z \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> x + y / z = (x * z + y) / z"
82ce19612fe8 tuned lemmas: more general class
nipkow
parents: 56441
diff changeset
   196
  by (simp add: add_divide_distrib nonzero_eq_divide_eq)
82ce19612fe8 tuned lemmas: more general class
nipkow
parents: 56441
diff changeset
   197
82ce19612fe8 tuned lemmas: more general class
nipkow
parents: 56441
diff changeset
   198
lemma divide_add_eq_iff [field_simps]:
82ce19612fe8 tuned lemmas: more general class
nipkow
parents: 56441
diff changeset
   199
  "z \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> x / z + y = (x + y * z) / z"
82ce19612fe8 tuned lemmas: more general class
nipkow
parents: 56441
diff changeset
   200
  by (simp add: add_divide_distrib nonzero_eq_divide_eq)
82ce19612fe8 tuned lemmas: more general class
nipkow
parents: 56441
diff changeset
   201
82ce19612fe8 tuned lemmas: more general class
nipkow
parents: 56441
diff changeset
   202
lemma diff_divide_eq_iff [field_simps]:
82ce19612fe8 tuned lemmas: more general class
nipkow
parents: 56441
diff changeset
   203
  "z \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> x - y / z = (x * z - y) / z"
82ce19612fe8 tuned lemmas: more general class
nipkow
parents: 56441
diff changeset
   204
  by (simp add: diff_divide_distrib nonzero_eq_divide_eq eq_diff_eq)
82ce19612fe8 tuned lemmas: more general class
nipkow
parents: 56441
diff changeset
   205
56480
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   206
lemma minus_divide_add_eq_iff [field_simps]:
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   207
  "z \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> - (x / z) + y = (- x + y * z) / z"
59535
9e7467829db5 less warnings
haftmann
parents: 58889
diff changeset
   208
  by (simp add: add_divide_distrib diff_divide_eq_iff)
56480
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   209
56445
82ce19612fe8 tuned lemmas: more general class
nipkow
parents: 56441
diff changeset
   210
lemma divide_diff_eq_iff [field_simps]:
82ce19612fe8 tuned lemmas: more general class
nipkow
parents: 56441
diff changeset
   211
  "z \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> x / z - y = (x - y * z) / z"
82ce19612fe8 tuned lemmas: more general class
nipkow
parents: 56441
diff changeset
   212
  by (simp add: field_simps)
82ce19612fe8 tuned lemmas: more general class
nipkow
parents: 56441
diff changeset
   213
56480
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   214
lemma minus_divide_diff_eq_iff [field_simps]:
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   215
  "z \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> - (x / z) - y = (- x - y * z) / z"
59535
9e7467829db5 less warnings
haftmann
parents: 58889
diff changeset
   216
  by (simp add: divide_diff_eq_iff[symmetric])
56480
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   217
60353
838025c6e278 implicit partial divison operation in integral domains
haftmann
parents: 60352
diff changeset
   218
lemma division_ring_divide_zero [simp]:
44064
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   219
  "a / 0 = 0"
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   220
  by (simp add: divide_inverse)
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   221
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   222
lemma divide_self_if [simp]:
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   223
  "a / a = (if a = 0 then 0 else 1)"
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   224
  by simp
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   225
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   226
lemma inverse_nonzero_iff_nonzero [simp]:
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   227
  "inverse a = 0 \<longleftrightarrow> a = 0"
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   228
  by rule (fact inverse_zero_imp_zero, simp)
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   229
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   230
lemma inverse_minus_eq [simp]:
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   231
  "inverse (- a) = - inverse a"
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   232
proof cases
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   233
  assume "a=0" thus ?thesis by simp
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   234
next
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   235
  assume "a\<noteq>0"
44064
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   236
  thus ?thesis by (simp add: nonzero_inverse_minus_eq)
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   237
qed
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   238
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   239
lemma inverse_inverse_eq [simp]:
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   240
  "inverse (inverse a) = a"
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   241
proof cases
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   242
  assume "a=0" thus ?thesis by simp
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   243
next
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   244
  assume "a\<noteq>0"
44064
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   245
  thus ?thesis by (simp add: nonzero_inverse_inverse_eq)
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   246
qed
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   247
44680
761f427ef1ab simplify proof
huffman
parents: 44064
diff changeset
   248
lemma inverse_eq_imp_eq:
761f427ef1ab simplify proof
huffman
parents: 44064
diff changeset
   249
  "inverse a = inverse b \<Longrightarrow> a = b"
761f427ef1ab simplify proof
huffman
parents: 44064
diff changeset
   250
  by (drule arg_cong [where f="inverse"], simp)
761f427ef1ab simplify proof
huffman
parents: 44064
diff changeset
   251
761f427ef1ab simplify proof
huffman
parents: 44064
diff changeset
   252
lemma inverse_eq_iff_eq [simp]:
761f427ef1ab simplify proof
huffman
parents: 44064
diff changeset
   253
  "inverse a = inverse b \<longleftrightarrow> a = b"
761f427ef1ab simplify proof
huffman
parents: 44064
diff changeset
   254
  by (force dest!: inverse_eq_imp_eq)
761f427ef1ab simplify proof
huffman
parents: 44064
diff changeset
   255
56481
47500d0881f9 add divide_simps
hoelzl
parents: 56480
diff changeset
   256
lemma add_divide_eq_if_simps [divide_simps]:
47500d0881f9 add divide_simps
hoelzl
parents: 56480
diff changeset
   257
    "a + b / z = (if z = 0 then a else (a * z + b) / z)"
47500d0881f9 add divide_simps
hoelzl
parents: 56480
diff changeset
   258
    "a / z + b = (if z = 0 then b else (a + b * z) / z)"
47500d0881f9 add divide_simps
hoelzl
parents: 56480
diff changeset
   259
    "- (a / z) + b = (if z = 0 then b else (-a + b * z) / z)"
47500d0881f9 add divide_simps
hoelzl
parents: 56480
diff changeset
   260
    "a - b / z = (if z = 0 then a else (a * z - b) / z)"
47500d0881f9 add divide_simps
hoelzl
parents: 56480
diff changeset
   261
    "a / z - b = (if z = 0 then -b else (a - b * z) / z)"
47500d0881f9 add divide_simps
hoelzl
parents: 56480
diff changeset
   262
    "- (a / z) - b = (if z = 0 then -b else (- a - b * z) / z)"
47500d0881f9 add divide_simps
hoelzl
parents: 56480
diff changeset
   263
  by (simp_all add: add_divide_eq_iff divide_add_eq_iff diff_divide_eq_iff divide_diff_eq_iff
47500d0881f9 add divide_simps
hoelzl
parents: 56480
diff changeset
   264
      minus_divide_diff_eq_iff)
47500d0881f9 add divide_simps
hoelzl
parents: 56480
diff changeset
   265
47500d0881f9 add divide_simps
hoelzl
parents: 56480
diff changeset
   266
lemma [divide_simps]:
47500d0881f9 add divide_simps
hoelzl
parents: 56480
diff changeset
   267
  shows divide_eq_eq: "b / c = a \<longleftrightarrow> (if c \<noteq> 0 then b = a * c else a = 0)"
47500d0881f9 add divide_simps
hoelzl
parents: 56480
diff changeset
   268
    and eq_divide_eq: "a = b / c \<longleftrightarrow> (if c \<noteq> 0 then a * c = b else a = 0)"
47500d0881f9 add divide_simps
hoelzl
parents: 56480
diff changeset
   269
    and minus_divide_eq_eq: "- (b / c) = a \<longleftrightarrow> (if c \<noteq> 0 then - b = a * c else a = 0)"
47500d0881f9 add divide_simps
hoelzl
parents: 56480
diff changeset
   270
    and eq_minus_divide_eq: "a = - (b / c) \<longleftrightarrow> (if c \<noteq> 0 then a * c = - b else a = 0)"
47500d0881f9 add divide_simps
hoelzl
parents: 56480
diff changeset
   271
  by (auto simp add:  field_simps)
47500d0881f9 add divide_simps
hoelzl
parents: 56480
diff changeset
   272
44064
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   273
end
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   274
60758
d8d85a8172b5 isabelle update_cartouches;
wenzelm
parents: 60690
diff changeset
   275
subsection \<open>Fields\<close>
44064
5bce8ff0d9ae moved division ring stuff from Rings.thy to Fields.thy
huffman
parents: 42904
diff changeset
   276
22987
550709aa8e66 instance division_ring < no_zero_divisors; clean up field instance proofs
huffman
parents: 22842
diff changeset
   277
class field = comm_ring_1 + inverse +
35084
e25eedfc15ce moved constants inverse and divide to Ring.thy
haftmann
parents: 35050
diff changeset
   278
  assumes field_inverse: "a \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> inverse a * a = 1"
e25eedfc15ce moved constants inverse and divide to Ring.thy
haftmann
parents: 35050
diff changeset
   279
  assumes field_divide_inverse: "a / b = a * inverse b"
59867
58043346ca64 given up separate type classes demanding `inverse 0 = 0`
haftmann
parents: 59779
diff changeset
   280
  assumes field_inverse_zero: "inverse 0 = 0"
25267
1f745c599b5c proper reinitialisation after subclass
haftmann
parents: 25238
diff changeset
   281
begin
20496
23eb6034c06d added axclass division_ring (like field without commutativity; includes e.g. quaternions) and generalized some theorems from field to division_ring
huffman
parents: 19404
diff changeset
   282
25267
1f745c599b5c proper reinitialisation after subclass
haftmann
parents: 25238
diff changeset
   283
subclass division_ring
28823
dcbef866c9e2 tuned unfold_locales invocation
haftmann
parents: 28559
diff changeset
   284
proof
22987
550709aa8e66 instance division_ring < no_zero_divisors; clean up field instance proofs
huffman
parents: 22842
diff changeset
   285
  fix a :: 'a
550709aa8e66 instance division_ring < no_zero_divisors; clean up field instance proofs
huffman
parents: 22842
diff changeset
   286
  assume "a \<noteq> 0"
550709aa8e66 instance division_ring < no_zero_divisors; clean up field instance proofs
huffman
parents: 22842
diff changeset
   287
  thus "inverse a * a = 1" by (rule field_inverse)
57512
cc97b347b301 reduced name variants for assoc and commute on plus and mult
haftmann
parents: 56571
diff changeset
   288
  thus "a * inverse a = 1" by (simp only: mult.commute)
35084
e25eedfc15ce moved constants inverse and divide to Ring.thy
haftmann
parents: 35050
diff changeset
   289
next
e25eedfc15ce moved constants inverse and divide to Ring.thy
haftmann
parents: 35050
diff changeset
   290
  fix a b :: 'a
e25eedfc15ce moved constants inverse and divide to Ring.thy
haftmann
parents: 35050
diff changeset
   291
  show "a / b = a * inverse b" by (rule field_divide_inverse)
59867
58043346ca64 given up separate type classes demanding `inverse 0 = 0`
haftmann
parents: 59779
diff changeset
   292
next
58043346ca64 given up separate type classes demanding `inverse 0 = 0`
haftmann
parents: 59779
diff changeset
   293
  show "inverse 0 = 0"
58043346ca64 given up separate type classes demanding `inverse 0 = 0`
haftmann
parents: 59779
diff changeset
   294
    by (fact field_inverse_zero) 
14738
83f1a514dcb4 changes made due to new Ring_and_Field theory
obua
parents: 14603
diff changeset
   295
qed
25230
022029099a83 continued localization
haftmann
parents: 25193
diff changeset
   296
60353
838025c6e278 implicit partial divison operation in integral domains
haftmann
parents: 60352
diff changeset
   297
subclass idom_divide
838025c6e278 implicit partial divison operation in integral domains
haftmann
parents: 60352
diff changeset
   298
proof
838025c6e278 implicit partial divison operation in integral domains
haftmann
parents: 60352
diff changeset
   299
  fix b a
838025c6e278 implicit partial divison operation in integral domains
haftmann
parents: 60352
diff changeset
   300
  assume "b \<noteq> 0"
838025c6e278 implicit partial divison operation in integral domains
haftmann
parents: 60352
diff changeset
   301
  then show "a * b / b = a"
838025c6e278 implicit partial divison operation in integral domains
haftmann
parents: 60352
diff changeset
   302
    by (simp add: divide_inverse ac_simps)
838025c6e278 implicit partial divison operation in integral domains
haftmann
parents: 60352
diff changeset
   303
next
838025c6e278 implicit partial divison operation in integral domains
haftmann
parents: 60352
diff changeset
   304
  fix a
838025c6e278 implicit partial divison operation in integral domains
haftmann
parents: 60352
diff changeset
   305
  show "a / 0 = 0"
838025c6e278 implicit partial divison operation in integral domains
haftmann
parents: 60352
diff changeset
   306
    by (simp add: divide_inverse)
838025c6e278 implicit partial divison operation in integral domains
haftmann
parents: 60352
diff changeset
   307
qed
25230
022029099a83 continued localization
haftmann
parents: 25193
diff changeset
   308
60758
d8d85a8172b5 isabelle update_cartouches;
wenzelm
parents: 60690
diff changeset
   309
text\<open>There is no slick version using division by zero.\<close>
30630
4fbe1401bac2 move field lemmas into class locale context
huffman
parents: 30242
diff changeset
   310
lemma inverse_add:
60353
838025c6e278 implicit partial divison operation in integral domains
haftmann
parents: 60352
diff changeset
   311
  "a \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> b \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> inverse a + inverse b = (a + b) * inverse a * inverse b"
838025c6e278 implicit partial divison operation in integral domains
haftmann
parents: 60352
diff changeset
   312
  by (simp add: division_ring_inverse_add ac_simps)
30630
4fbe1401bac2 move field lemmas into class locale context
huffman
parents: 30242
diff changeset
   313
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
   314
lemma nonzero_mult_divide_mult_cancel_left [simp]:
60353
838025c6e278 implicit partial divison operation in integral domains
haftmann
parents: 60352
diff changeset
   315
  assumes [simp]: "c \<noteq> 0"
838025c6e278 implicit partial divison operation in integral domains
haftmann
parents: 60352
diff changeset
   316
  shows "(c * a) / (c * b) = a / b"
838025c6e278 implicit partial divison operation in integral domains
haftmann
parents: 60352
diff changeset
   317
proof (cases "b = 0")
838025c6e278 implicit partial divison operation in integral domains
haftmann
parents: 60352
diff changeset
   318
  case True then show ?thesis by simp
838025c6e278 implicit partial divison operation in integral domains
haftmann
parents: 60352
diff changeset
   319
next
838025c6e278 implicit partial divison operation in integral domains
haftmann
parents: 60352
diff changeset
   320
  case False
838025c6e278 implicit partial divison operation in integral domains
haftmann
parents: 60352
diff changeset
   321
  then have "(c*a)/(c*b) = c * a * (inverse b * inverse c)"
30630
4fbe1401bac2 move field lemmas into class locale context
huffman
parents: 30242
diff changeset
   322
    by (simp add: divide_inverse nonzero_inverse_mult_distrib)
4fbe1401bac2 move field lemmas into class locale context
huffman
parents: 30242
diff changeset
   323
  also have "... =  a * inverse b * (inverse c * c)"
57514
bdc2c6b40bf2 prefer ac_simps collections over separate name bindings for add and mult
haftmann
parents: 57512
diff changeset
   324
    by (simp only: ac_simps)
30630
4fbe1401bac2 move field lemmas into class locale context
huffman
parents: 30242
diff changeset
   325
  also have "... =  a * inverse b" by simp
4fbe1401bac2 move field lemmas into class locale context
huffman
parents: 30242
diff changeset
   326
    finally show ?thesis by (simp add: divide_inverse)
4fbe1401bac2 move field lemmas into class locale context
huffman
parents: 30242
diff changeset
   327
qed
4fbe1401bac2 move field lemmas into class locale context
huffman
parents: 30242
diff changeset
   328
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
   329
lemma nonzero_mult_divide_mult_cancel_right [simp]:
60353
838025c6e278 implicit partial divison operation in integral domains
haftmann
parents: 60352
diff changeset
   330
  "c \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> (a * c) / (b * c) = a / b"
838025c6e278 implicit partial divison operation in integral domains
haftmann
parents: 60352
diff changeset
   331
  using nonzero_mult_divide_mult_cancel_left [of c a b] by (simp add: ac_simps)
30630
4fbe1401bac2 move field lemmas into class locale context
huffman
parents: 30242
diff changeset
   332
36304
6984744e6b34 less special treatment of times_divide_eq [simp]
haftmann
parents: 36301
diff changeset
   333
lemma times_divide_eq_left [simp]: "(b / c) * a = (b * a) / c"
57514
bdc2c6b40bf2 prefer ac_simps collections over separate name bindings for add and mult
haftmann
parents: 57512
diff changeset
   334
  by (simp add: divide_inverse ac_simps)
30630
4fbe1401bac2 move field lemmas into class locale context
huffman
parents: 30242
diff changeset
   335
4fbe1401bac2 move field lemmas into class locale context
huffman
parents: 30242
diff changeset
   336
lemma add_frac_eq:
4fbe1401bac2 move field lemmas into class locale context
huffman
parents: 30242
diff changeset
   337
  assumes "y \<noteq> 0" and "z \<noteq> 0"
4fbe1401bac2 move field lemmas into class locale context
huffman
parents: 30242
diff changeset
   338
  shows "x / y + w / z = (x * z + w * y) / (y * z)"
4fbe1401bac2 move field lemmas into class locale context
huffman
parents: 30242
diff changeset
   339
proof -
4fbe1401bac2 move field lemmas into class locale context
huffman
parents: 30242
diff changeset
   340
  have "x / y + w / z = (x * z) / (y * z) + (y * w) / (y * z)"
4fbe1401bac2 move field lemmas into class locale context
huffman
parents: 30242
diff changeset
   341
    using assms by simp
4fbe1401bac2 move field lemmas into class locale context
huffman
parents: 30242
diff changeset
   342
  also have "\<dots> = (x * z + y * w) / (y * z)"
4fbe1401bac2 move field lemmas into class locale context
huffman
parents: 30242
diff changeset
   343
    by (simp only: add_divide_distrib)
4fbe1401bac2 move field lemmas into class locale context
huffman
parents: 30242
diff changeset
   344
  finally show ?thesis
57512
cc97b347b301 reduced name variants for assoc and commute on plus and mult
haftmann
parents: 56571
diff changeset
   345
    by (simp only: mult.commute)
30630
4fbe1401bac2 move field lemmas into class locale context
huffman
parents: 30242
diff changeset
   346
qed
4fbe1401bac2 move field lemmas into class locale context
huffman
parents: 30242
diff changeset
   347
60758
d8d85a8172b5 isabelle update_cartouches;
wenzelm
parents: 60690
diff changeset
   348
text\<open>Special Cancellation Simprules for Division\<close>
30630
4fbe1401bac2 move field lemmas into class locale context
huffman
parents: 30242
diff changeset
   349
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
   350
lemma nonzero_divide_mult_cancel_right [simp]:
60353
838025c6e278 implicit partial divison operation in integral domains
haftmann
parents: 60352
diff changeset
   351
  "b \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> b / (a * b) = 1 / a"
838025c6e278 implicit partial divison operation in integral domains
haftmann
parents: 60352
diff changeset
   352
  using nonzero_mult_divide_mult_cancel_right [of b 1 a] by simp
30630
4fbe1401bac2 move field lemmas into class locale context
huffman
parents: 30242
diff changeset
   353
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
   354
lemma nonzero_divide_mult_cancel_left [simp]:
60353
838025c6e278 implicit partial divison operation in integral domains
haftmann
parents: 60352
diff changeset
   355
  "a \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> a / (a * b) = 1 / b"
838025c6e278 implicit partial divison operation in integral domains
haftmann
parents: 60352
diff changeset
   356
  using nonzero_mult_divide_mult_cancel_left [of a 1 b] by simp
30630
4fbe1401bac2 move field lemmas into class locale context
huffman
parents: 30242
diff changeset
   357
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
   358
lemma nonzero_mult_divide_mult_cancel_left2 [simp]:
60353
838025c6e278 implicit partial divison operation in integral domains
haftmann
parents: 60352
diff changeset
   359
  "c \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> (c * a) / (b * c) = a / b"
838025c6e278 implicit partial divison operation in integral domains
haftmann
parents: 60352
diff changeset
   360
  using nonzero_mult_divide_mult_cancel_left [of c a b] by (simp add: ac_simps)
30630
4fbe1401bac2 move field lemmas into class locale context
huffman
parents: 30242
diff changeset
   361
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
   362
lemma nonzero_mult_divide_mult_cancel_right2 [simp]:
60353
838025c6e278 implicit partial divison operation in integral domains
haftmann
parents: 60352
diff changeset
   363
  "c \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> (a * c) / (c * b) = a / b"
838025c6e278 implicit partial divison operation in integral domains
haftmann
parents: 60352
diff changeset
   364
  using nonzero_mult_divide_mult_cancel_right [of b c a] by (simp add: ac_simps)
30630
4fbe1401bac2 move field lemmas into class locale context
huffman
parents: 30242
diff changeset
   365
4fbe1401bac2 move field lemmas into class locale context
huffman
parents: 30242
diff changeset
   366
lemma diff_frac_eq:
4fbe1401bac2 move field lemmas into class locale context
huffman
parents: 30242
diff changeset
   367
  "y \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> z \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> x / y - w / z = (x * z - w * y) / (y * z)"
36348
89c54f51f55a dropped group_simps, ring_simps, field_eq_simps; classes division_ring_inverse_zero, field_inverse_zero, linordered_field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36343
diff changeset
   368
  by (simp add: field_simps)
30630
4fbe1401bac2 move field lemmas into class locale context
huffman
parents: 30242
diff changeset
   369
4fbe1401bac2 move field lemmas into class locale context
huffman
parents: 30242
diff changeset
   370
lemma frac_eq_eq:
4fbe1401bac2 move field lemmas into class locale context
huffman
parents: 30242
diff changeset
   371
  "y \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> z \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> (x / y = w / z) = (x * z = w * y)"
36348
89c54f51f55a dropped group_simps, ring_simps, field_eq_simps; classes division_ring_inverse_zero, field_inverse_zero, linordered_field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36343
diff changeset
   372
  by (simp add: field_simps)
89c54f51f55a dropped group_simps, ring_simps, field_eq_simps; classes division_ring_inverse_zero, field_inverse_zero, linordered_field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36343
diff changeset
   373
58512
dc4d76dfa8f0 moved lemmas out of Int.thy which have nothing to do with int
haftmann
parents: 57950
diff changeset
   374
lemma divide_minus1 [simp]: "x / - 1 = - x"
dc4d76dfa8f0 moved lemmas out of Int.thy which have nothing to do with int
haftmann
parents: 57950
diff changeset
   375
  using nonzero_minus_divide_right [of "1" x] by simp
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   376
60758
d8d85a8172b5 isabelle update_cartouches;
wenzelm
parents: 60690
diff changeset
   377
text\<open>This version builds in division by zero while also re-orienting
d8d85a8172b5 isabelle update_cartouches;
wenzelm
parents: 60690
diff changeset
   378
      the right-hand side.\<close>
14270
342451d763f9 More re-organising of numerical theorems
paulson
parents: 14269
diff changeset
   379
lemma inverse_mult_distrib [simp]:
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   380
  "inverse (a * b) = inverse a * inverse b"
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   381
proof cases
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   382
  assume "a \<noteq> 0 & b \<noteq> 0"
57514
bdc2c6b40bf2 prefer ac_simps collections over separate name bindings for add and mult
haftmann
parents: 57512
diff changeset
   383
  thus ?thesis by (simp add: nonzero_inverse_mult_distrib ac_simps)
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   384
next
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   385
  assume "~ (a \<noteq> 0 & b \<noteq> 0)"
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   386
  thus ?thesis by force
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   387
qed
14270
342451d763f9 More re-organising of numerical theorems
paulson
parents: 14269
diff changeset
   388
14365
3d4df8c166ae replacing HOL/Real/PRat, PNat by the rational number development
paulson
parents: 14353
diff changeset
   389
lemma inverse_divide [simp]:
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   390
  "inverse (a / b) = b / a"
57512
cc97b347b301 reduced name variants for assoc and commute on plus and mult
haftmann
parents: 56571
diff changeset
   391
  by (simp add: divide_inverse mult.commute)
14365
3d4df8c166ae replacing HOL/Real/PRat, PNat by the rational number development
paulson
parents: 14353
diff changeset
   392
23389
aaca6a8e5414 tuned proofs: avoid implicit prems;
wenzelm
parents: 23326
diff changeset
   393
60758
d8d85a8172b5 isabelle update_cartouches;
wenzelm
parents: 60690
diff changeset
   394
text \<open>Calculations with fractions\<close>
16775
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
   395
60758
d8d85a8172b5 isabelle update_cartouches;
wenzelm
parents: 60690
diff changeset
   396
text\<open>There is a whole bunch of simp-rules just for class @{text
23413
5caa2710dd5b tuned laws for cancellation in divisions for fields.
nipkow
parents: 23406
diff changeset
   397
field} but none for class @{text field} and @{text nonzero_divides}
60758
d8d85a8172b5 isabelle update_cartouches;
wenzelm
parents: 60690
diff changeset
   398
because the latter are covered by a simproc.\<close>
23413
5caa2710dd5b tuned laws for cancellation in divisions for fields.
nipkow
parents: 23406
diff changeset
   399
5caa2710dd5b tuned laws for cancellation in divisions for fields.
nipkow
parents: 23406
diff changeset
   400
lemma mult_divide_mult_cancel_left:
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   401
  "c \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> (c * a) / (c * b) = a / b"
21328
73bb86d0f483 dropped Inductive dependency
haftmann
parents: 21258
diff changeset
   402
apply (cases "b = 0")
35216
7641e8d831d2 get rid of many duplicate simp rule warnings
huffman
parents: 35090
diff changeset
   403
apply simp_all
14277
ad66687ece6e more field division lemmas transferred from Real to Ring_and_Field
paulson
parents: 14272
diff changeset
   404
done
ad66687ece6e more field division lemmas transferred from Real to Ring_and_Field
paulson
parents: 14272
diff changeset
   405
23413
5caa2710dd5b tuned laws for cancellation in divisions for fields.
nipkow
parents: 23406
diff changeset
   406
lemma mult_divide_mult_cancel_right:
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   407
  "c \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> (a * c) / (b * c) = a / b"
21328
73bb86d0f483 dropped Inductive dependency
haftmann
parents: 21258
diff changeset
   408
apply (cases "b = 0")
35216
7641e8d831d2 get rid of many duplicate simp rule warnings
huffman
parents: 35090
diff changeset
   409
apply simp_all
14321
55c688d2eefa new theorems
paulson
parents: 14305
diff changeset
   410
done
23413
5caa2710dd5b tuned laws for cancellation in divisions for fields.
nipkow
parents: 23406
diff changeset
   411
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
   412
lemma divide_divide_eq_right [simp]:
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   413
  "a / (b / c) = (a * c) / b"
57514
bdc2c6b40bf2 prefer ac_simps collections over separate name bindings for add and mult
haftmann
parents: 57512
diff changeset
   414
  by (simp add: divide_inverse ac_simps)
14288
d149e3cbdb39 Moving some theorems from Real/RealArith0.ML
paulson
parents: 14284
diff changeset
   415
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
   416
lemma divide_divide_eq_left [simp]:
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   417
  "(a / b) / c = a / (b * c)"
57512
cc97b347b301 reduced name variants for assoc and commute on plus and mult
haftmann
parents: 56571
diff changeset
   418
  by (simp add: divide_inverse mult.assoc)
14288
d149e3cbdb39 Moving some theorems from Real/RealArith0.ML
paulson
parents: 14284
diff changeset
   419
56365
713f9b9a7e51 New theorems for extracting quotients
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 55718
diff changeset
   420
lemma divide_divide_times_eq:
713f9b9a7e51 New theorems for extracting quotients
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 55718
diff changeset
   421
  "(x / y) / (z / w) = (x * w) / (y * z)"
713f9b9a7e51 New theorems for extracting quotients
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 55718
diff changeset
   422
  by simp
23389
aaca6a8e5414 tuned proofs: avoid implicit prems;
wenzelm
parents: 23326
diff changeset
   423
60758
d8d85a8172b5 isabelle update_cartouches;
wenzelm
parents: 60690
diff changeset
   424
text \<open>Special Cancellation Simprules for Division\<close>
15234
ec91a90c604e simplification tweaks for better arithmetic reasoning
paulson
parents: 15229
diff changeset
   425
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
   426
lemma mult_divide_mult_cancel_left_if [simp]:
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   427
  shows "(c * a) / (c * b) = (if c = 0 then 0 else a / b)"
60353
838025c6e278 implicit partial divison operation in integral domains
haftmann
parents: 60352
diff changeset
   428
  by simp
23413
5caa2710dd5b tuned laws for cancellation in divisions for fields.
nipkow
parents: 23406
diff changeset
   429
15234
ec91a90c604e simplification tweaks for better arithmetic reasoning
paulson
parents: 15229
diff changeset
   430
60758
d8d85a8172b5 isabelle update_cartouches;
wenzelm
parents: 60690
diff changeset
   431
text \<open>Division and Unary Minus\<close>
14293
22542982bffd moving some division theorems to Ring_and_Field
paulson
parents: 14288
diff changeset
   432
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   433
lemma minus_divide_right:
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   434
  "- (a / b) = a / - b"
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   435
  by (simp add: divide_inverse)
14430
5cb24165a2e1 new material from Avigad, and simplified treatment of division by 0
paulson
parents: 14421
diff changeset
   436
56479
91958d4b30f7 revert c1bbd3e22226, a14831ac3023, and 36489d77c484: divide_minus_left/right are again simp rules
hoelzl
parents: 56445
diff changeset
   437
lemma divide_minus_right [simp]:
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   438
  "a / - b = - (a / b)"
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   439
  by (simp add: divide_inverse)
30630
4fbe1401bac2 move field lemmas into class locale context
huffman
parents: 30242
diff changeset
   440
56479
91958d4b30f7 revert c1bbd3e22226, a14831ac3023, and 36489d77c484: divide_minus_left/right are again simp rules
hoelzl
parents: 56445
diff changeset
   441
lemma minus_divide_divide:
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   442
  "(- a) / (- b) = a / b"
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   443
apply (cases "b=0", simp)
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   444
apply (simp add: nonzero_minus_divide_divide)
14293
22542982bffd moving some division theorems to Ring_and_Field
paulson
parents: 14288
diff changeset
   445
done
22542982bffd moving some division theorems to Ring_and_Field
paulson
parents: 14288
diff changeset
   446
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   447
lemma inverse_eq_1_iff [simp]:
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   448
  "inverse x = 1 \<longleftrightarrow> x = 1"
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   449
  by (insert inverse_eq_iff_eq [of x 1], simp)
23389
aaca6a8e5414 tuned proofs: avoid implicit prems;
wenzelm
parents: 23326
diff changeset
   450
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
   451
lemma divide_eq_0_iff [simp]:
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   452
  "a / b = 0 \<longleftrightarrow> a = 0 \<or> b = 0"
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   453
  by (simp add: divide_inverse)
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   454
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
   455
lemma divide_cancel_right [simp]:
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   456
  "a / c = b / c \<longleftrightarrow> c = 0 \<or> a = b"
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   457
  apply (cases "c=0", simp)
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   458
  apply (simp add: divide_inverse)
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   459
  done
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   460
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
   461
lemma divide_cancel_left [simp]:
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   462
  "c / a = c / b \<longleftrightarrow> c = 0 \<or> a = b"
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   463
  apply (cases "c=0", simp)
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   464
  apply (simp add: divide_inverse)
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   465
  done
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   466
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
   467
lemma divide_eq_1_iff [simp]:
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   468
  "a / b = 1 \<longleftrightarrow> b \<noteq> 0 \<and> a = b"
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   469
  apply (cases "b=0", simp)
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   470
  apply (simp add: right_inverse_eq)
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   471
  done
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   472
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
   473
lemma one_eq_divide_iff [simp]:
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   474
  "1 = a / b \<longleftrightarrow> b \<noteq> 0 \<and> a = b"
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   475
  by (simp add: eq_commute [of 1])
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   476
36719
d396f6f63d94 moved some lemmas from Groebner_Basis here
haftmann
parents: 36425
diff changeset
   477
lemma times_divide_times_eq:
d396f6f63d94 moved some lemmas from Groebner_Basis here
haftmann
parents: 36425
diff changeset
   478
  "(x / y) * (z / w) = (x * z) / (y * w)"
d396f6f63d94 moved some lemmas from Groebner_Basis here
haftmann
parents: 36425
diff changeset
   479
  by simp
d396f6f63d94 moved some lemmas from Groebner_Basis here
haftmann
parents: 36425
diff changeset
   480
d396f6f63d94 moved some lemmas from Groebner_Basis here
haftmann
parents: 36425
diff changeset
   481
lemma add_frac_num:
d396f6f63d94 moved some lemmas from Groebner_Basis here
haftmann
parents: 36425
diff changeset
   482
  "y \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> x / y + z = (x + z * y) / y"
d396f6f63d94 moved some lemmas from Groebner_Basis here
haftmann
parents: 36425
diff changeset
   483
  by (simp add: add_divide_distrib)
d396f6f63d94 moved some lemmas from Groebner_Basis here
haftmann
parents: 36425
diff changeset
   484
d396f6f63d94 moved some lemmas from Groebner_Basis here
haftmann
parents: 36425
diff changeset
   485
lemma add_num_frac:
d396f6f63d94 moved some lemmas from Groebner_Basis here
haftmann
parents: 36425
diff changeset
   486
  "y \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> z + x / y = (x + z * y) / y"
d396f6f63d94 moved some lemmas from Groebner_Basis here
haftmann
parents: 36425
diff changeset
   487
  by (simp add: add_divide_distrib add.commute)
d396f6f63d94 moved some lemmas from Groebner_Basis here
haftmann
parents: 36425
diff changeset
   488
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   489
end
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   490
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   491
60758
d8d85a8172b5 isabelle update_cartouches;
wenzelm
parents: 60690
diff changeset
   492
subsection \<open>Ordered fields\<close>
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   493
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   494
class linordered_field = field + linordered_idom
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   495
begin
14268
5cf13e80be0e Removal of Hyperreal/ExtraThms2.ML, sending the material to the correct files.
paulson
parents: 14267
diff changeset
   496
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   497
lemma positive_imp_inverse_positive:
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   498
  assumes a_gt_0: "0 < a"
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   499
  shows "0 < inverse a"
23482
2f4be6844f7c tuned and used field_simps
nipkow
parents: 23477
diff changeset
   500
proof -
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   501
  have "0 < a * inverse a"
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   502
    by (simp add: a_gt_0 [THEN less_imp_not_eq2])
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   503
  thus "0 < inverse a"
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   504
    by (simp add: a_gt_0 [THEN less_not_sym] zero_less_mult_iff)
23482
2f4be6844f7c tuned and used field_simps
nipkow
parents: 23477
diff changeset
   505
qed
14268
5cf13e80be0e Removal of Hyperreal/ExtraThms2.ML, sending the material to the correct files.
paulson
parents: 14267
diff changeset
   506
14277
ad66687ece6e more field division lemmas transferred from Real to Ring_and_Field
paulson
parents: 14272
diff changeset
   507
lemma negative_imp_inverse_negative:
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   508
  "a < 0 \<Longrightarrow> inverse a < 0"
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   509
  by (insert positive_imp_inverse_positive [of "-a"],
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   510
    simp add: nonzero_inverse_minus_eq less_imp_not_eq)
14268
5cf13e80be0e Removal of Hyperreal/ExtraThms2.ML, sending the material to the correct files.
paulson
parents: 14267
diff changeset
   511
5cf13e80be0e Removal of Hyperreal/ExtraThms2.ML, sending the material to the correct files.
paulson
parents: 14267
diff changeset
   512
lemma inverse_le_imp_le:
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   513
  assumes invle: "inverse a \<le> inverse b" and apos: "0 < a"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   514
  shows "b \<le> a"
23482
2f4be6844f7c tuned and used field_simps
nipkow
parents: 23477
diff changeset
   515
proof (rule classical)
14268
5cf13e80be0e Removal of Hyperreal/ExtraThms2.ML, sending the material to the correct files.
paulson
parents: 14267
diff changeset
   516
  assume "~ b \<le> a"
23482
2f4be6844f7c tuned and used field_simps
nipkow
parents: 23477
diff changeset
   517
  hence "a < b"  by (simp add: linorder_not_le)
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   518
  hence bpos: "0 < b"  by (blast intro: apos less_trans)
14268
5cf13e80be0e Removal of Hyperreal/ExtraThms2.ML, sending the material to the correct files.
paulson
parents: 14267
diff changeset
   519
  hence "a * inverse a \<le> a * inverse b"
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   520
    by (simp add: apos invle less_imp_le mult_left_mono)
14268
5cf13e80be0e Removal of Hyperreal/ExtraThms2.ML, sending the material to the correct files.
paulson
parents: 14267
diff changeset
   521
  hence "(a * inverse a) * b \<le> (a * inverse b) * b"
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   522
    by (simp add: bpos less_imp_le mult_right_mono)
57512
cc97b347b301 reduced name variants for assoc and commute on plus and mult
haftmann
parents: 56571
diff changeset
   523
  thus "b \<le> a"  by (simp add: mult.assoc apos bpos less_imp_not_eq2)
23482
2f4be6844f7c tuned and used field_simps
nipkow
parents: 23477
diff changeset
   524
qed
14268
5cf13e80be0e Removal of Hyperreal/ExtraThms2.ML, sending the material to the correct files.
paulson
parents: 14267
diff changeset
   525
14277
ad66687ece6e more field division lemmas transferred from Real to Ring_and_Field
paulson
parents: 14272
diff changeset
   526
lemma inverse_positive_imp_positive:
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   527
  assumes inv_gt_0: "0 < inverse a" and nz: "a \<noteq> 0"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   528
  shows "0 < a"
23389
aaca6a8e5414 tuned proofs: avoid implicit prems;
wenzelm
parents: 23326
diff changeset
   529
proof -
14277
ad66687ece6e more field division lemmas transferred from Real to Ring_and_Field
paulson
parents: 14272
diff changeset
   530
  have "0 < inverse (inverse a)"
23389
aaca6a8e5414 tuned proofs: avoid implicit prems;
wenzelm
parents: 23326
diff changeset
   531
    using inv_gt_0 by (rule positive_imp_inverse_positive)
14277
ad66687ece6e more field division lemmas transferred from Real to Ring_and_Field
paulson
parents: 14272
diff changeset
   532
  thus "0 < a"
23389
aaca6a8e5414 tuned proofs: avoid implicit prems;
wenzelm
parents: 23326
diff changeset
   533
    using nz by (simp add: nonzero_inverse_inverse_eq)
aaca6a8e5414 tuned proofs: avoid implicit prems;
wenzelm
parents: 23326
diff changeset
   534
qed
14277
ad66687ece6e more field division lemmas transferred from Real to Ring_and_Field
paulson
parents: 14272
diff changeset
   535
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   536
lemma inverse_negative_imp_negative:
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   537
  assumes inv_less_0: "inverse a < 0" and nz: "a \<noteq> 0"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   538
  shows "a < 0"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   539
proof -
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   540
  have "inverse (inverse a) < 0"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   541
    using inv_less_0 by (rule negative_imp_inverse_negative)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   542
  thus "a < 0" using nz by (simp add: nonzero_inverse_inverse_eq)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   543
qed
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   544
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   545
lemma linordered_field_no_lb:
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   546
  "\<forall>x. \<exists>y. y < x"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   547
proof
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   548
  fix x::'a
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   549
  have m1: "- (1::'a) < 0" by simp
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   550
  from add_strict_right_mono[OF m1, where c=x]
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   551
  have "(- 1) + x < x" by simp
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   552
  thus "\<exists>y. y < x" by blast
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   553
qed
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   554
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   555
lemma linordered_field_no_ub:
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   556
  "\<forall> x. \<exists>y. y > x"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   557
proof
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   558
  fix x::'a
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   559
  have m1: " (1::'a) > 0" by simp
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   560
  from add_strict_right_mono[OF m1, where c=x]
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   561
  have "1 + x > x" by simp
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   562
  thus "\<exists>y. y > x" by blast
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   563
qed
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   564
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   565
lemma less_imp_inverse_less:
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   566
  assumes less: "a < b" and apos:  "0 < a"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   567
  shows "inverse b < inverse a"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   568
proof (rule ccontr)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   569
  assume "~ inverse b < inverse a"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   570
  hence "inverse a \<le> inverse b" by simp
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   571
  hence "~ (a < b)"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   572
    by (simp add: not_less inverse_le_imp_le [OF _ apos])
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   573
  thus False by (rule notE [OF _ less])
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   574
qed
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   575
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   576
lemma inverse_less_imp_less:
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   577
  "inverse a < inverse b \<Longrightarrow> 0 < a \<Longrightarrow> b < a"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   578
apply (simp add: less_le [of "inverse a"] less_le [of "b"])
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   579
apply (force dest!: inverse_le_imp_le nonzero_inverse_eq_imp_eq)
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   580
done
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   581
60758
d8d85a8172b5 isabelle update_cartouches;
wenzelm
parents: 60690
diff changeset
   582
text\<open>Both premises are essential. Consider -1 and 1.\<close>
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
   583
lemma inverse_less_iff_less [simp]:
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   584
  "0 < a \<Longrightarrow> 0 < b \<Longrightarrow> inverse a < inverse b \<longleftrightarrow> b < a"
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   585
  by (blast intro: less_imp_inverse_less dest: inverse_less_imp_less)
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   586
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   587
lemma le_imp_inverse_le:
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   588
  "a \<le> b \<Longrightarrow> 0 < a \<Longrightarrow> inverse b \<le> inverse a"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   589
  by (force simp add: le_less less_imp_inverse_less)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   590
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
   591
lemma inverse_le_iff_le [simp]:
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   592
  "0 < a \<Longrightarrow> 0 < b \<Longrightarrow> inverse a \<le> inverse b \<longleftrightarrow> b \<le> a"
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   593
  by (blast intro: le_imp_inverse_le dest: inverse_le_imp_le)
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   594
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   595
60758
d8d85a8172b5 isabelle update_cartouches;
wenzelm
parents: 60690
diff changeset
   596
text\<open>These results refer to both operands being negative.  The opposite-sign
d8d85a8172b5 isabelle update_cartouches;
wenzelm
parents: 60690
diff changeset
   597
case is trivial, since inverse preserves signs.\<close>
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   598
lemma inverse_le_imp_le_neg:
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   599
  "inverse a \<le> inverse b \<Longrightarrow> b < 0 \<Longrightarrow> b \<le> a"
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   600
apply (rule classical)
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   601
apply (subgoal_tac "a < 0")
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   602
 prefer 2 apply force
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   603
apply (insert inverse_le_imp_le [of "-b" "-a"])
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   604
apply (simp add: nonzero_inverse_minus_eq)
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   605
done
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   606
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   607
lemma less_imp_inverse_less_neg:
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   608
   "a < b \<Longrightarrow> b < 0 \<Longrightarrow> inverse b < inverse a"
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   609
apply (subgoal_tac "a < 0")
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   610
 prefer 2 apply (blast intro: less_trans)
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   611
apply (insert less_imp_inverse_less [of "-b" "-a"])
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   612
apply (simp add: nonzero_inverse_minus_eq)
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   613
done
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   614
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   615
lemma inverse_less_imp_less_neg:
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   616
   "inverse a < inverse b \<Longrightarrow> b < 0 \<Longrightarrow> b < a"
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   617
apply (rule classical)
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   618
apply (subgoal_tac "a < 0")
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   619
 prefer 2
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   620
 apply force
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   621
apply (insert inverse_less_imp_less [of "-b" "-a"])
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   622
apply (simp add: nonzero_inverse_minus_eq)
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   623
done
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   624
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
   625
lemma inverse_less_iff_less_neg [simp]:
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   626
  "a < 0 \<Longrightarrow> b < 0 \<Longrightarrow> inverse a < inverse b \<longleftrightarrow> b < a"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   627
apply (insert inverse_less_iff_less [of "-b" "-a"])
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   628
apply (simp del: inverse_less_iff_less
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   629
            add: nonzero_inverse_minus_eq)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   630
done
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   631
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   632
lemma le_imp_inverse_le_neg:
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   633
  "a \<le> b \<Longrightarrow> b < 0 ==> inverse b \<le> inverse a"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   634
  by (force simp add: le_less less_imp_inverse_less_neg)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   635
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
   636
lemma inverse_le_iff_le_neg [simp]:
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   637
  "a < 0 \<Longrightarrow> b < 0 \<Longrightarrow> inverse a \<le> inverse b \<longleftrightarrow> b \<le> a"
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   638
  by (blast intro: le_imp_inverse_le_neg dest: inverse_le_imp_le_neg)
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   639
36774
9e444b09fbef add lemmas one_less_inverse and one_le_inverse
huffman
parents: 36719
diff changeset
   640
lemma one_less_inverse:
9e444b09fbef add lemmas one_less_inverse and one_le_inverse
huffman
parents: 36719
diff changeset
   641
  "0 < a \<Longrightarrow> a < 1 \<Longrightarrow> 1 < inverse a"
9e444b09fbef add lemmas one_less_inverse and one_le_inverse
huffman
parents: 36719
diff changeset
   642
  using less_imp_inverse_less [of a 1, unfolded inverse_1] .
9e444b09fbef add lemmas one_less_inverse and one_le_inverse
huffman
parents: 36719
diff changeset
   643
9e444b09fbef add lemmas one_less_inverse and one_le_inverse
huffman
parents: 36719
diff changeset
   644
lemma one_le_inverse:
9e444b09fbef add lemmas one_less_inverse and one_le_inverse
huffman
parents: 36719
diff changeset
   645
  "0 < a \<Longrightarrow> a \<le> 1 \<Longrightarrow> 1 \<le> inverse a"
9e444b09fbef add lemmas one_less_inverse and one_le_inverse
huffman
parents: 36719
diff changeset
   646
  using le_imp_inverse_le [of a 1, unfolded inverse_1] .
9e444b09fbef add lemmas one_less_inverse and one_le_inverse
huffman
parents: 36719
diff changeset
   647
59546
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   648
lemma pos_le_divide_eq [field_simps]:
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   649
  assumes "0 < c"
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   650
  shows "a \<le> b / c \<longleftrightarrow> a * c \<le> b"
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   651
proof -
59546
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   652
  from assms have "a \<le> b / c \<longleftrightarrow> a * c \<le> (b / c) * c"
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   653
    using mult_le_cancel_right [of a c "b * inverse c"] by (auto simp add: field_simps)
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   654
  also have "... \<longleftrightarrow> a * c \<le> b"
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   655
    by (simp add: less_imp_not_eq2 [OF assms] divide_inverse mult.assoc)
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   656
  finally show ?thesis .
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   657
qed
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   658
59546
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   659
lemma pos_less_divide_eq [field_simps]:
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   660
  assumes "0 < c"
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   661
  shows "a < b / c \<longleftrightarrow> a * c < b"
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   662
proof -
59546
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   663
  from assms have "a < b / c \<longleftrightarrow> a * c < (b / c) * c"
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   664
    using mult_less_cancel_right [of a c "b / c"] by auto
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   665
  also have "... = (a*c < b)"
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   666
    by (simp add: less_imp_not_eq2 [OF assms] divide_inverse mult.assoc)
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   667
  finally show ?thesis .
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   668
qed
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   669
59546
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   670
lemma neg_less_divide_eq [field_simps]:
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   671
  assumes "c < 0"
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   672
  shows "a < b / c \<longleftrightarrow> b < a * c"
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   673
proof -
59546
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   674
  from assms have "a < b / c \<longleftrightarrow> (b / c) * c < a * c"
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   675
    using mult_less_cancel_right [of "b / c" c a] by auto
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   676
  also have "... \<longleftrightarrow> b < a * c"
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   677
    by (simp add: less_imp_not_eq [OF assms] divide_inverse mult.assoc)
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   678
  finally show ?thesis .
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   679
qed
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   680
59546
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   681
lemma neg_le_divide_eq [field_simps]:
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   682
  assumes "c < 0"
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   683
  shows "a \<le> b / c \<longleftrightarrow> b \<le> a * c"
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   684
proof -
59546
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   685
  from assms have "a \<le> b / c \<longleftrightarrow> (b / c) * c \<le> a * c"
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   686
    using mult_le_cancel_right [of "b * inverse c" c a] by (auto simp add: field_simps)
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   687
  also have "... \<longleftrightarrow> b \<le> a * c"
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   688
    by (simp add: less_imp_not_eq [OF assms] divide_inverse mult.assoc)
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   689
  finally show ?thesis .
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   690
qed
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   691
59546
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   692
lemma pos_divide_le_eq [field_simps]:
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   693
  assumes "0 < c"
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   694
  shows "b / c \<le> a \<longleftrightarrow> b \<le> a * c"
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   695
proof -
59546
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   696
  from assms have "b / c \<le> a \<longleftrightarrow> (b / c) * c \<le> a * c"
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   697
    using mult_le_cancel_right [of "b / c" c a] by auto
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   698
  also have "... \<longleftrightarrow> b \<le> a * c"
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   699
    by (simp add: less_imp_not_eq2 [OF assms] divide_inverse mult.assoc)
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   700
  finally show ?thesis .
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   701
qed
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   702
59546
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   703
lemma pos_divide_less_eq [field_simps]:
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   704
  assumes "0 < c"
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   705
  shows "b / c < a \<longleftrightarrow> b < a * c"
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   706
proof -
59546
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   707
  from assms have "b / c < a \<longleftrightarrow> (b / c) * c < a * c"
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   708
    using mult_less_cancel_right [of "b / c" c a] by auto
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   709
  also have "... \<longleftrightarrow> b < a * c"
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   710
    by (simp add: less_imp_not_eq2 [OF assms] divide_inverse mult.assoc)
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   711
  finally show ?thesis .
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   712
qed
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   713
59546
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   714
lemma neg_divide_le_eq [field_simps]:
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   715
  assumes "c < 0"
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   716
  shows "b / c \<le> a \<longleftrightarrow> a * c \<le> b"
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   717
proof -
59546
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   718
  from assms have "b / c \<le> a \<longleftrightarrow> a * c \<le> (b / c) * c"
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   719
    using mult_le_cancel_right [of a c "b / c"] by auto
59546
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   720
  also have "... \<longleftrightarrow> a * c \<le> b"
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   721
    by (simp add: less_imp_not_eq [OF assms] divide_inverse mult.assoc)
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   722
  finally show ?thesis .
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   723
qed
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   724
59546
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   725
lemma neg_divide_less_eq [field_simps]:
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   726
  assumes "c < 0"
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   727
  shows "b / c < a \<longleftrightarrow> a * c < b"
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   728
proof -
59546
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   729
  from assms have "b / c < a \<longleftrightarrow> a * c < b / c * c"
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   730
    using mult_less_cancel_right [of a c "b / c"] by auto
3850a2d20f19 times_divide_eq rules are already [simp] despite of comment
haftmann
parents: 59535
diff changeset
   731
  also have "... \<longleftrightarrow> a * c < b"
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   732
    by (simp add: less_imp_not_eq [OF assms] divide_inverse mult.assoc)
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   733
  finally show ?thesis .
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   734
qed
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   735
60758
d8d85a8172b5 isabelle update_cartouches;
wenzelm
parents: 60690
diff changeset
   736
text\<open>The following @{text field_simps} rules are necessary, as minus is always moved atop of
d8d85a8172b5 isabelle update_cartouches;
wenzelm
parents: 60690
diff changeset
   737
division but we want to get rid of division.\<close>
56480
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   738
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   739
lemma pos_le_minus_divide_eq [field_simps]: "0 < c \<Longrightarrow> a \<le> - (b / c) \<longleftrightarrow> a * c \<le> - b"
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   740
  unfolding minus_divide_left by (rule pos_le_divide_eq)
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   741
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   742
lemma neg_le_minus_divide_eq [field_simps]: "c < 0 \<Longrightarrow> a \<le> - (b / c) \<longleftrightarrow> - b \<le> a * c"
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   743
  unfolding minus_divide_left by (rule neg_le_divide_eq)
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   744
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   745
lemma pos_less_minus_divide_eq [field_simps]: "0 < c \<Longrightarrow> a < - (b / c) \<longleftrightarrow> a * c < - b"
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   746
  unfolding minus_divide_left by (rule pos_less_divide_eq)
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   747
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   748
lemma neg_less_minus_divide_eq [field_simps]: "c < 0 \<Longrightarrow> a < - (b / c) \<longleftrightarrow> - b < a * c"
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   749
  unfolding minus_divide_left by (rule neg_less_divide_eq)
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   750
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   751
lemma pos_minus_divide_less_eq [field_simps]: "0 < c \<Longrightarrow> - (b / c) < a \<longleftrightarrow> - b < a * c"
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   752
  unfolding minus_divide_left by (rule pos_divide_less_eq)
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   753
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   754
lemma neg_minus_divide_less_eq [field_simps]: "c < 0 \<Longrightarrow> - (b / c) < a \<longleftrightarrow> a * c < - b"
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   755
  unfolding minus_divide_left by (rule neg_divide_less_eq)
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   756
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   757
lemma pos_minus_divide_le_eq [field_simps]: "0 < c \<Longrightarrow> - (b / c) \<le> a \<longleftrightarrow> - b \<le> a * c"
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   758
  unfolding minus_divide_left by (rule pos_divide_le_eq)
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   759
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   760
lemma neg_minus_divide_le_eq [field_simps]: "c < 0 \<Longrightarrow> - (b / c) \<le> a \<longleftrightarrow> a * c \<le> - b"
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   761
  unfolding minus_divide_left by (rule neg_divide_le_eq)
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   762
56365
713f9b9a7e51 New theorems for extracting quotients
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 55718
diff changeset
   763
lemma frac_less_eq:
713f9b9a7e51 New theorems for extracting quotients
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 55718
diff changeset
   764
  "y \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> z \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> x / y < w / z \<longleftrightarrow> (x * z - w * y) / (y * z) < 0"
713f9b9a7e51 New theorems for extracting quotients
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 55718
diff changeset
   765
  by (subst less_iff_diff_less_0) (simp add: diff_frac_eq )
713f9b9a7e51 New theorems for extracting quotients
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 55718
diff changeset
   766
713f9b9a7e51 New theorems for extracting quotients
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 55718
diff changeset
   767
lemma frac_le_eq:
713f9b9a7e51 New theorems for extracting quotients
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 55718
diff changeset
   768
  "y \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> z \<noteq> 0 \<Longrightarrow> x / y \<le> w / z \<longleftrightarrow> (x * z - w * y) / (y * z) \<le> 0"
713f9b9a7e51 New theorems for extracting quotients
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 55718
diff changeset
   769
  by (subst le_iff_diff_le_0) (simp add: diff_frac_eq )
713f9b9a7e51 New theorems for extracting quotients
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 55718
diff changeset
   770
60758
d8d85a8172b5 isabelle update_cartouches;
wenzelm
parents: 60690
diff changeset
   771
text\<open>Lemmas @{text sign_simps} is a first attempt to automate proofs
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   772
of positivity/negativity needed for @{text field_simps}. Have not added @{text
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   773
sign_simps} to @{text field_simps} because the former can lead to case
60758
d8d85a8172b5 isabelle update_cartouches;
wenzelm
parents: 60690
diff changeset
   774
explosions.\<close>
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   775
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
   776
lemmas sign_simps = algebra_simps zero_less_mult_iff mult_less_0_iff
36348
89c54f51f55a dropped group_simps, ring_simps, field_eq_simps; classes division_ring_inverse_zero, field_inverse_zero, linordered_field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36343
diff changeset
   777
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
   778
lemmas (in -) sign_simps = algebra_simps zero_less_mult_iff mult_less_0_iff
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   779
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   780
(* Only works once linear arithmetic is installed:
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   781
text{*An example:*}
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   782
lemma fixes a b c d e f :: "'a::linordered_field"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   783
shows "\<lbrakk>a>b; c<d; e<f; 0 < u \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow>
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   784
 ((a-b)*(c-d)*(e-f))/((c-d)*(e-f)*(a-b)) <
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   785
 ((e-f)*(a-b)*(c-d))/((e-f)*(a-b)*(c-d)) + u"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   786
apply(subgoal_tac "(c-d)*(e-f)*(a-b) > 0")
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   787
 prefer 2 apply(simp add:sign_simps)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   788
apply(subgoal_tac "(c-d)*(e-f)*(a-b)*u > 0")
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   789
 prefer 2 apply(simp add:sign_simps)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   790
apply(simp add:field_simps)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   791
done
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   792
*)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   793
56541
0e3abadbef39 made divide_pos_pos a simp rule
nipkow
parents: 56481
diff changeset
   794
lemma divide_pos_pos[simp]:
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   795
  "0 < x ==> 0 < y ==> 0 < x / y"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   796
by(simp add:field_simps)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   797
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   798
lemma divide_nonneg_pos:
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   799
  "0 <= x ==> 0 < y ==> 0 <= x / y"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   800
by(simp add:field_simps)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   801
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   802
lemma divide_neg_pos:
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   803
  "x < 0 ==> 0 < y ==> x / y < 0"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   804
by(simp add:field_simps)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   805
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   806
lemma divide_nonpos_pos:
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   807
  "x <= 0 ==> 0 < y ==> x / y <= 0"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   808
by(simp add:field_simps)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   809
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   810
lemma divide_pos_neg:
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   811
  "0 < x ==> y < 0 ==> x / y < 0"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   812
by(simp add:field_simps)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   813
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   814
lemma divide_nonneg_neg:
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   815
  "0 <= x ==> y < 0 ==> x / y <= 0"
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   816
by(simp add:field_simps)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   817
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   818
lemma divide_neg_neg:
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   819
  "x < 0 ==> y < 0 ==> 0 < x / y"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   820
by(simp add:field_simps)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   821
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   822
lemma divide_nonpos_neg:
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   823
  "x <= 0 ==> y < 0 ==> 0 <= x / y"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   824
by(simp add:field_simps)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   825
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   826
lemma divide_strict_right_mono:
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   827
     "[|a < b; 0 < c|] ==> a / c < b / c"
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   828
by (simp add: less_imp_not_eq2 divide_inverse mult_strict_right_mono
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   829
              positive_imp_inverse_positive)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   830
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   831
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   832
lemma divide_strict_right_mono_neg:
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   833
     "[|b < a; c < 0|] ==> a / c < b / c"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   834
apply (drule divide_strict_right_mono [of _ _ "-c"], simp)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   835
apply (simp add: less_imp_not_eq nonzero_minus_divide_right [symmetric])
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   836
done
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   837
60758
d8d85a8172b5 isabelle update_cartouches;
wenzelm
parents: 60690
diff changeset
   838
text\<open>The last premise ensures that @{term a} and @{term b}
d8d85a8172b5 isabelle update_cartouches;
wenzelm
parents: 60690
diff changeset
   839
      have the same sign\<close>
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   840
lemma divide_strict_left_mono:
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   841
  "[|b < a; 0 < c; 0 < a*b|] ==> c / a < c / b"
44921
58eef4843641 tuned proofs
huffman
parents: 44680
diff changeset
   842
  by (auto simp: field_simps zero_less_mult_iff mult_strict_right_mono)
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   843
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   844
lemma divide_left_mono:
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   845
  "[|b \<le> a; 0 \<le> c; 0 < a*b|] ==> c / a \<le> c / b"
44921
58eef4843641 tuned proofs
huffman
parents: 44680
diff changeset
   846
  by (auto simp: field_simps zero_less_mult_iff mult_right_mono)
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   847
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   848
lemma divide_strict_left_mono_neg:
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   849
  "[|a < b; c < 0; 0 < a*b|] ==> c / a < c / b"
44921
58eef4843641 tuned proofs
huffman
parents: 44680
diff changeset
   850
  by (auto simp: field_simps zero_less_mult_iff mult_strict_right_mono_neg)
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   851
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   852
lemma mult_imp_div_pos_le: "0 < y ==> x <= z * y ==>
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   853
    x / y <= z"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   854
by (subst pos_divide_le_eq, assumption+)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   855
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   856
lemma mult_imp_le_div_pos: "0 < y ==> z * y <= x ==>
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   857
    z <= x / y"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   858
by(simp add:field_simps)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   859
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   860
lemma mult_imp_div_pos_less: "0 < y ==> x < z * y ==>
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   861
    x / y < z"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   862
by(simp add:field_simps)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   863
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   864
lemma mult_imp_less_div_pos: "0 < y ==> z * y < x ==>
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   865
    z < x / y"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   866
by(simp add:field_simps)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   867
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   868
lemma frac_le: "0 <= x ==>
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   869
    x <= y ==> 0 < w ==> w <= z  ==> x / z <= y / w"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   870
  apply (rule mult_imp_div_pos_le)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   871
  apply simp
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   872
  apply (subst times_divide_eq_left)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   873
  apply (rule mult_imp_le_div_pos, assumption)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   874
  apply (rule mult_mono)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   875
  apply simp_all
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   876
done
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   877
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   878
lemma frac_less: "0 <= x ==>
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   879
    x < y ==> 0 < w ==> w <= z  ==> x / z < y / w"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   880
  apply (rule mult_imp_div_pos_less)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   881
  apply simp
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   882
  apply (subst times_divide_eq_left)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   883
  apply (rule mult_imp_less_div_pos, assumption)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   884
  apply (erule mult_less_le_imp_less)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   885
  apply simp_all
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   886
done
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   887
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   888
lemma frac_less2: "0 < x ==>
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   889
    x <= y ==> 0 < w ==> w < z  ==> x / z < y / w"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   890
  apply (rule mult_imp_div_pos_less)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   891
  apply simp_all
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   892
  apply (rule mult_imp_less_div_pos, assumption)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   893
  apply (erule mult_le_less_imp_less)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   894
  apply simp_all
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   895
done
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   896
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   897
lemma less_half_sum: "a < b ==> a < (a+b) / (1+1)"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   898
by (simp add: field_simps zero_less_two)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   899
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   900
lemma gt_half_sum: "a < b ==> (a+b)/(1+1) < b"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   901
by (simp add: field_simps zero_less_two)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   902
53215
5e47c31c6f7c renamed typeclass dense_linorder to unbounded_dense_linorder
hoelzl
parents: 52435
diff changeset
   903
subclass unbounded_dense_linorder
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   904
proof
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   905
  fix x y :: 'a
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   906
  from less_add_one show "\<exists>y. x < y" ..
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   907
  from less_add_one have "x + (- 1) < (x + 1) + (- 1)" by (rule add_strict_right_mono)
54230
b1d955791529 more simplification rules on unary and binary minus
haftmann
parents: 54147
diff changeset
   908
  then have "x - 1 < x + 1 - 1" by simp
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   909
  then have "x - 1 < x" by (simp add: algebra_simps)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   910
  then show "\<exists>y. y < x" ..
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   911
  show "x < y \<Longrightarrow> \<exists>z>x. z < y" by (blast intro!: less_half_sum gt_half_sum)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   912
qed
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   913
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   914
lemma nonzero_abs_inverse:
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   915
     "a \<noteq> 0 ==> \<bar>inverse a\<bar> = inverse \<bar>a\<bar>"
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   916
apply (auto simp add: neq_iff abs_if nonzero_inverse_minus_eq
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   917
                      negative_imp_inverse_negative)
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   918
apply (blast intro: positive_imp_inverse_positive elim: less_asym)
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   919
done
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   920
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   921
lemma nonzero_abs_divide:
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   922
     "b \<noteq> 0 ==> \<bar>a / b\<bar> = \<bar>a\<bar> / \<bar>b\<bar>"
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   923
  by (simp add: divide_inverse abs_mult nonzero_abs_inverse)
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   924
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   925
lemma field_le_epsilon:
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   926
  assumes e: "\<And>e. 0 < e \<Longrightarrow> x \<le> y + e"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   927
  shows "x \<le> y"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   928
proof (rule dense_le)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   929
  fix t assume "t < x"
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   930
  hence "0 < x - t" by (simp add: less_diff_eq)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   931
  from e [OF this] have "x + 0 \<le> x + (y - t)" by (simp add: algebra_simps)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   932
  then have "0 \<le> y - t" by (simp only: add_le_cancel_left)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   933
  then show "t \<le> y" by (simp add: algebra_simps)
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   934
qed
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
   935
14277
ad66687ece6e more field division lemmas transferred from Real to Ring_and_Field
paulson
parents: 14272
diff changeset
   936
lemma inverse_positive_iff_positive [simp]:
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   937
  "(0 < inverse a) = (0 < a)"
21328
73bb86d0f483 dropped Inductive dependency
haftmann
parents: 21258
diff changeset
   938
apply (cases "a = 0", simp)
14277
ad66687ece6e more field division lemmas transferred from Real to Ring_and_Field
paulson
parents: 14272
diff changeset
   939
apply (blast intro: inverse_positive_imp_positive positive_imp_inverse_positive)
ad66687ece6e more field division lemmas transferred from Real to Ring_and_Field
paulson
parents: 14272
diff changeset
   940
done
ad66687ece6e more field division lemmas transferred from Real to Ring_and_Field
paulson
parents: 14272
diff changeset
   941
ad66687ece6e more field division lemmas transferred from Real to Ring_and_Field
paulson
parents: 14272
diff changeset
   942
lemma inverse_negative_iff_negative [simp]:
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   943
  "(inverse a < 0) = (a < 0)"
21328
73bb86d0f483 dropped Inductive dependency
haftmann
parents: 21258
diff changeset
   944
apply (cases "a = 0", simp)
14277
ad66687ece6e more field division lemmas transferred from Real to Ring_and_Field
paulson
parents: 14272
diff changeset
   945
apply (blast intro: inverse_negative_imp_negative negative_imp_inverse_negative)
ad66687ece6e more field division lemmas transferred from Real to Ring_and_Field
paulson
parents: 14272
diff changeset
   946
done
ad66687ece6e more field division lemmas transferred from Real to Ring_and_Field
paulson
parents: 14272
diff changeset
   947
ad66687ece6e more field division lemmas transferred from Real to Ring_and_Field
paulson
parents: 14272
diff changeset
   948
lemma inverse_nonnegative_iff_nonnegative [simp]:
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   949
  "0 \<le> inverse a \<longleftrightarrow> 0 \<le> a"
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   950
  by (simp add: not_less [symmetric])
14277
ad66687ece6e more field division lemmas transferred from Real to Ring_and_Field
paulson
parents: 14272
diff changeset
   951
ad66687ece6e more field division lemmas transferred from Real to Ring_and_Field
paulson
parents: 14272
diff changeset
   952
lemma inverse_nonpositive_iff_nonpositive [simp]:
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   953
  "inverse a \<le> 0 \<longleftrightarrow> a \<le> 0"
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   954
  by (simp add: not_less [symmetric])
14277
ad66687ece6e more field division lemmas transferred from Real to Ring_and_Field
paulson
parents: 14272
diff changeset
   955
56480
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   956
lemma one_less_inverse_iff: "1 < inverse x \<longleftrightarrow> 0 < x \<and> x < 1"
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   957
  using less_trans[of 1 x 0 for x]
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   958
  by (cases x 0 rule: linorder_cases) (auto simp add: field_simps)
14365
3d4df8c166ae replacing HOL/Real/PRat, PNat by the rational number development
paulson
parents: 14353
diff changeset
   959
56480
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   960
lemma one_le_inverse_iff: "1 \<le> inverse x \<longleftrightarrow> 0 < x \<and> x \<le> 1"
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   961
proof (cases "x = 1")
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   962
  case True then show ?thesis by simp
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   963
next
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   964
  case False then have "inverse x \<noteq> 1" by simp
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   965
  then have "1 \<noteq> inverse x" by blast
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   966
  then have "1 \<le> inverse x \<longleftrightarrow> 1 < inverse x" by (simp add: le_less)
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   967
  with False show ?thesis by (auto simp add: one_less_inverse_iff)
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
   968
qed
14365
3d4df8c166ae replacing HOL/Real/PRat, PNat by the rational number development
paulson
parents: 14353
diff changeset
   969
56480
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   970
lemma inverse_less_1_iff: "inverse x < 1 \<longleftrightarrow> x \<le> 0 \<or> 1 < x"
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   971
  by (simp add: not_le [symmetric] one_le_inverse_iff)
14365
3d4df8c166ae replacing HOL/Real/PRat, PNat by the rational number development
paulson
parents: 14353
diff changeset
   972
56480
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   973
lemma inverse_le_1_iff: "inverse x \<le> 1 \<longleftrightarrow> x \<le> 0 \<or> 1 \<le> x"
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
   974
  by (simp add: not_less [symmetric] one_less_inverse_iff)
14365
3d4df8c166ae replacing HOL/Real/PRat, PNat by the rational number development
paulson
parents: 14353
diff changeset
   975
56481
47500d0881f9 add divide_simps
hoelzl
parents: 56480
diff changeset
   976
lemma [divide_simps]:
56480
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   977
  shows le_divide_eq: "a \<le> b / c \<longleftrightarrow> (if 0 < c then a * c \<le> b else if c < 0 then b \<le> a * c else a \<le> 0)"
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   978
    and divide_le_eq: "b / c \<le> a \<longleftrightarrow> (if 0 < c then b \<le> a * c else if c < 0 then a * c \<le> b else 0 \<le> a)"
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   979
    and less_divide_eq: "a < b / c \<longleftrightarrow> (if 0 < c then a * c < b else if c < 0 then b < a * c else a < 0)"
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   980
    and divide_less_eq: "b / c < a \<longleftrightarrow> (if 0 < c then b < a * c else if c < 0 then a * c < b else 0 < a)"
56481
47500d0881f9 add divide_simps
hoelzl
parents: 56480
diff changeset
   981
    and le_minus_divide_eq: "a \<le> - (b / c) \<longleftrightarrow> (if 0 < c then a * c \<le> - b else if c < 0 then - b \<le> a * c else a \<le> 0)"
47500d0881f9 add divide_simps
hoelzl
parents: 56480
diff changeset
   982
    and minus_divide_le_eq: "- (b / c) \<le> a \<longleftrightarrow> (if 0 < c then - b \<le> a * c else if c < 0 then a * c \<le> - b else 0 \<le> a)"
47500d0881f9 add divide_simps
hoelzl
parents: 56480
diff changeset
   983
    and less_minus_divide_eq: "a < - (b / c) \<longleftrightarrow> (if 0 < c then a * c < - b else if c < 0 then - b < a * c else  a < 0)"
47500d0881f9 add divide_simps
hoelzl
parents: 56480
diff changeset
   984
    and minus_divide_less_eq: "- (b / c) < a \<longleftrightarrow> (if 0 < c then - b < a * c else if c < 0 then a * c < - b else 0 < a)"
56480
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   985
  by (auto simp: field_simps not_less dest: antisym)
14288
d149e3cbdb39 Moving some theorems from Real/RealArith0.ML
paulson
parents: 14284
diff changeset
   986
60758
d8d85a8172b5 isabelle update_cartouches;
wenzelm
parents: 60690
diff changeset
   987
text \<open>Division and Signs\<close>
16775
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
   988
56480
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   989
lemma
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   990
  shows zero_less_divide_iff: "0 < a / b \<longleftrightarrow> 0 < a \<and> 0 < b \<or> a < 0 \<and> b < 0"
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   991
    and divide_less_0_iff: "a / b < 0 \<longleftrightarrow> 0 < a \<and> b < 0 \<or> a < 0 \<and> 0 < b"
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   992
    and zero_le_divide_iff: "0 \<le> a / b \<longleftrightarrow> 0 \<le> a \<and> 0 \<le> b \<or> a \<le> 0 \<and> b \<le> 0"
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
   993
    and divide_le_0_iff: "a / b \<le> 0 \<longleftrightarrow> 0 \<le> a \<and> b \<le> 0 \<or> a \<le> 0 \<and> 0 \<le> b"
56481
47500d0881f9 add divide_simps
hoelzl
parents: 56480
diff changeset
   994
  by (auto simp add: divide_simps)
16775
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
   995
60758
d8d85a8172b5 isabelle update_cartouches;
wenzelm
parents: 60690
diff changeset
   996
text \<open>Division and the Number One\<close>
14353
79f9fbef9106 Added lemmas to Ring_and_Field with slightly modified simplification rules
paulson
parents: 14348
diff changeset
   997
60758
d8d85a8172b5 isabelle update_cartouches;
wenzelm
parents: 60690
diff changeset
   998
text\<open>Simplify expressions equated with 1\<close>
14353
79f9fbef9106 Added lemmas to Ring_and_Field with slightly modified simplification rules
paulson
parents: 14348
diff changeset
   999
56480
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
  1000
lemma zero_eq_1_divide_iff [simp]: "0 = 1 / a \<longleftrightarrow> a = 0"
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
  1001
  by (cases "a = 0") (auto simp: field_simps)
14353
79f9fbef9106 Added lemmas to Ring_and_Field with slightly modified simplification rules
paulson
parents: 14348
diff changeset
  1002
56480
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
  1003
lemma one_divide_eq_0_iff [simp]: "1 / a = 0 \<longleftrightarrow> a = 0"
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
  1004
  using zero_eq_1_divide_iff[of a] by simp
14353
79f9fbef9106 Added lemmas to Ring_and_Field with slightly modified simplification rules
paulson
parents: 14348
diff changeset
  1005
60758
d8d85a8172b5 isabelle update_cartouches;
wenzelm
parents: 60690
diff changeset
  1006
text\<open>Simplify expressions such as @{text "0 < 1/x"} to @{text "0 < x"}\<close>
36423
63fc238a7430 got rid of [simplified]
haftmann
parents: 36414
diff changeset
  1007
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
  1008
lemma zero_le_divide_1_iff [simp]:
36423
63fc238a7430 got rid of [simplified]
haftmann
parents: 36414
diff changeset
  1009
  "0 \<le> 1 / a \<longleftrightarrow> 0 \<le> a"
63fc238a7430 got rid of [simplified]
haftmann
parents: 36414
diff changeset
  1010
  by (simp add: zero_le_divide_iff)
17085
5b57f995a179 more simprules now have names
paulson
parents: 16775
diff changeset
  1011
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
  1012
lemma zero_less_divide_1_iff [simp]:
36423
63fc238a7430 got rid of [simplified]
haftmann
parents: 36414
diff changeset
  1013
  "0 < 1 / a \<longleftrightarrow> 0 < a"
63fc238a7430 got rid of [simplified]
haftmann
parents: 36414
diff changeset
  1014
  by (simp add: zero_less_divide_iff)
63fc238a7430 got rid of [simplified]
haftmann
parents: 36414
diff changeset
  1015
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
  1016
lemma divide_le_0_1_iff [simp]:
36423
63fc238a7430 got rid of [simplified]
haftmann
parents: 36414
diff changeset
  1017
  "1 / a \<le> 0 \<longleftrightarrow> a \<le> 0"
63fc238a7430 got rid of [simplified]
haftmann
parents: 36414
diff changeset
  1018
  by (simp add: divide_le_0_iff)
63fc238a7430 got rid of [simplified]
haftmann
parents: 36414
diff changeset
  1019
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
  1020
lemma divide_less_0_1_iff [simp]:
36423
63fc238a7430 got rid of [simplified]
haftmann
parents: 36414
diff changeset
  1021
  "1 / a < 0 \<longleftrightarrow> a < 0"
63fc238a7430 got rid of [simplified]
haftmann
parents: 36414
diff changeset
  1022
  by (simp add: divide_less_0_iff)
14353
79f9fbef9106 Added lemmas to Ring_and_Field with slightly modified simplification rules
paulson
parents: 14348
diff changeset
  1023
14293
22542982bffd moving some division theorems to Ring_and_Field
paulson
parents: 14288
diff changeset
  1024
lemma divide_right_mono:
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
  1025
     "[|a \<le> b; 0 \<le> c|] ==> a/c \<le> b/c"
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
  1026
by (force simp add: divide_strict_right_mono le_less)
14293
22542982bffd moving some division theorems to Ring_and_Field
paulson
parents: 14288
diff changeset
  1027
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
  1028
lemma divide_right_mono_neg: "a <= b
16775
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
  1029
    ==> c <= 0 ==> b / c <= a / c"
23482
2f4be6844f7c tuned and used field_simps
nipkow
parents: 23477
diff changeset
  1030
apply (drule divide_right_mono [of _ _ "- c"])
56479
91958d4b30f7 revert c1bbd3e22226, a14831ac3023, and 36489d77c484: divide_minus_left/right are again simp rules
hoelzl
parents: 56445
diff changeset
  1031
apply auto
16775
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
  1032
done
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
  1033
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
  1034
lemma divide_left_mono_neg: "a <= b
16775
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
  1035
    ==> c <= 0 ==> 0 < a * b ==> c / a <= c / b"
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
  1036
  apply (drule divide_left_mono [of _ _ "- c"])
57512
cc97b347b301 reduced name variants for assoc and commute on plus and mult
haftmann
parents: 56571
diff changeset
  1037
  apply (auto simp add: mult.commute)
16775
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
  1038
done
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
  1039
56480
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
  1040
lemma inverse_le_iff: "inverse a \<le> inverse b \<longleftrightarrow> (0 < a * b \<longrightarrow> b \<le> a) \<and> (a * b \<le> 0 \<longrightarrow> a \<le> b)"
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
  1041
  by (cases a 0 b 0 rule: linorder_cases[case_product linorder_cases])
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
  1042
     (auto simp add: field_simps zero_less_mult_iff mult_le_0_iff)
42904
4aedcff42de6 add divide_.._cancel, inverse_.._iff
hoelzl
parents: 36774
diff changeset
  1043
56480
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
  1044
lemma inverse_less_iff: "inverse a < inverse b \<longleftrightarrow> (0 < a * b \<longrightarrow> b < a) \<and> (a * b \<le> 0 \<longrightarrow> a < b)"
42904
4aedcff42de6 add divide_.._cancel, inverse_.._iff
hoelzl
parents: 36774
diff changeset
  1045
  by (subst less_le) (auto simp: inverse_le_iff)
4aedcff42de6 add divide_.._cancel, inverse_.._iff
hoelzl
parents: 36774
diff changeset
  1046
56480
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
  1047
lemma divide_le_cancel: "a / c \<le> b / c \<longleftrightarrow> (0 < c \<longrightarrow> a \<le> b) \<and> (c < 0 \<longrightarrow> b \<le> a)"
42904
4aedcff42de6 add divide_.._cancel, inverse_.._iff
hoelzl
parents: 36774
diff changeset
  1048
  by (simp add: divide_inverse mult_le_cancel_right)
4aedcff42de6 add divide_.._cancel, inverse_.._iff
hoelzl
parents: 36774
diff changeset
  1049
56480
093ea91498e6 field_simps: better support for negation and division, and power
hoelzl
parents: 56479
diff changeset
  1050
lemma divide_less_cancel: "a / c < b / c \<longleftrightarrow> (0 < c \<longrightarrow> a < b) \<and> (c < 0 \<longrightarrow> b < a) \<and> c \<noteq> 0"
42904
4aedcff42de6 add divide_.._cancel, inverse_.._iff
hoelzl
parents: 36774
diff changeset
  1051
  by (auto simp add: divide_inverse mult_less_cancel_right)
4aedcff42de6 add divide_.._cancel, inverse_.._iff
hoelzl
parents: 36774
diff changeset
  1052
60758
d8d85a8172b5 isabelle update_cartouches;
wenzelm
parents: 60690
diff changeset
  1053
text\<open>Simplify quotients that are compared with the value 1.\<close>
16775
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
  1054
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
  1055
lemma le_divide_eq_1:
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
  1056
  "(1 \<le> b / a) = ((0 < a & a \<le> b) | (a < 0 & b \<le> a))"
16775
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
  1057
by (auto simp add: le_divide_eq)
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
  1058
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
  1059
lemma divide_le_eq_1:
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
  1060
  "(b / a \<le> 1) = ((0 < a & b \<le> a) | (a < 0 & a \<le> b) | a=0)"
16775
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
  1061
by (auto simp add: divide_le_eq)
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
  1062
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
  1063
lemma less_divide_eq_1:
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
  1064
  "(1 < b / a) = ((0 < a & a < b) | (a < 0 & b < a))"
16775
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
  1065
by (auto simp add: less_divide_eq)
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
  1066
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
  1067
lemma divide_less_eq_1:
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
  1068
  "(b / a < 1) = ((0 < a & b < a) | (a < 0 & a < b) | a=0)"
16775
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
  1069
by (auto simp add: divide_less_eq)
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
  1070
56571
f4635657d66f added divide_nonneg_nonneg and co; made it a simp rule
hoelzl
parents: 56541
diff changeset
  1071
lemma divide_nonneg_nonneg [simp]:
f4635657d66f added divide_nonneg_nonneg and co; made it a simp rule
hoelzl
parents: 56541
diff changeset
  1072
  "0 \<le> x \<Longrightarrow> 0 \<le> y \<Longrightarrow> 0 \<le> x / y"
f4635657d66f added divide_nonneg_nonneg and co; made it a simp rule
hoelzl
parents: 56541
diff changeset
  1073
  by (auto simp add: divide_simps)
f4635657d66f added divide_nonneg_nonneg and co; made it a simp rule
hoelzl
parents: 56541
diff changeset
  1074
f4635657d66f added divide_nonneg_nonneg and co; made it a simp rule
hoelzl
parents: 56541
diff changeset
  1075
lemma divide_nonpos_nonpos:
f4635657d66f added divide_nonneg_nonneg and co; made it a simp rule
hoelzl
parents: 56541
diff changeset
  1076
  "x \<le> 0 \<Longrightarrow> y \<le> 0 \<Longrightarrow> 0 \<le> x / y"
f4635657d66f added divide_nonneg_nonneg and co; made it a simp rule
hoelzl
parents: 56541
diff changeset
  1077
  by (auto simp add: divide_simps)
f4635657d66f added divide_nonneg_nonneg and co; made it a simp rule
hoelzl
parents: 56541
diff changeset
  1078
f4635657d66f added divide_nonneg_nonneg and co; made it a simp rule
hoelzl
parents: 56541
diff changeset
  1079
lemma divide_nonneg_nonpos:
f4635657d66f added divide_nonneg_nonneg and co; made it a simp rule
hoelzl
parents: 56541
diff changeset
  1080
  "0 \<le> x \<Longrightarrow> y \<le> 0 \<Longrightarrow> x / y \<le> 0"
f4635657d66f added divide_nonneg_nonneg and co; made it a simp rule
hoelzl
parents: 56541
diff changeset
  1081
  by (auto simp add: divide_simps)
f4635657d66f added divide_nonneg_nonneg and co; made it a simp rule
hoelzl
parents: 56541
diff changeset
  1082
f4635657d66f added divide_nonneg_nonneg and co; made it a simp rule
hoelzl
parents: 56541
diff changeset
  1083
lemma divide_nonpos_nonneg:
f4635657d66f added divide_nonneg_nonneg and co; made it a simp rule
hoelzl
parents: 56541
diff changeset
  1084
  "x \<le> 0 \<Longrightarrow> 0 \<le> y \<Longrightarrow> x / y \<le> 0"
f4635657d66f added divide_nonneg_nonneg and co; made it a simp rule
hoelzl
parents: 56541
diff changeset
  1085
  by (auto simp add: divide_simps)
23389
aaca6a8e5414 tuned proofs: avoid implicit prems;
wenzelm
parents: 23326
diff changeset
  1086
60758
d8d85a8172b5 isabelle update_cartouches;
wenzelm
parents: 60690
diff changeset
  1087
text \<open>Conditional Simplification Rules: No Case Splits\<close>
16775
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
  1088
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
  1089
lemma le_divide_eq_1_pos [simp]:
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
  1090
  "0 < a \<Longrightarrow> (1 \<le> b/a) = (a \<le> b)"
16775
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
  1091
by (auto simp add: le_divide_eq)
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
  1092
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
  1093
lemma le_divide_eq_1_neg [simp]:
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
  1094
  "a < 0 \<Longrightarrow> (1 \<le> b/a) = (b \<le> a)"
16775
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
  1095
by (auto simp add: le_divide_eq)
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
  1096
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
  1097
lemma divide_le_eq_1_pos [simp]:
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
  1098
  "0 < a \<Longrightarrow> (b/a \<le> 1) = (b \<le> a)"
16775
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
  1099
by (auto simp add: divide_le_eq)
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
  1100
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
  1101
lemma divide_le_eq_1_neg [simp]:
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
  1102
  "a < 0 \<Longrightarrow> (b/a \<le> 1) = (a \<le> b)"
16775
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
  1103
by (auto simp add: divide_le_eq)
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
  1104
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
  1105
lemma less_divide_eq_1_pos [simp]:
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
  1106
  "0 < a \<Longrightarrow> (1 < b/a) = (a < b)"
16775
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
  1107
by (auto simp add: less_divide_eq)
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
  1108
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
  1109
lemma less_divide_eq_1_neg [simp]:
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
  1110
  "a < 0 \<Longrightarrow> (1 < b/a) = (b < a)"
16775
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
  1111
by (auto simp add: less_divide_eq)
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
  1112
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
  1113
lemma divide_less_eq_1_pos [simp]:
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
  1114
  "0 < a \<Longrightarrow> (b/a < 1) = (b < a)"
18649
bb99c2e705ca tidied, and added missing thm divide_less_eq_1_neg
paulson
parents: 18623
diff changeset
  1115
by (auto simp add: divide_less_eq)
bb99c2e705ca tidied, and added missing thm divide_less_eq_1_neg
paulson
parents: 18623
diff changeset
  1116
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
  1117
lemma divide_less_eq_1_neg [simp]:
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
  1118
  "a < 0 \<Longrightarrow> b/a < 1 <-> a < b"
16775
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
  1119
by (auto simp add: divide_less_eq)
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
  1120
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
  1121
lemma eq_divide_eq_1 [simp]:
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
  1122
  "(1 = b/a) = ((a \<noteq> 0 & a = b))"
16775
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
  1123
by (auto simp add: eq_divide_eq)
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
  1124
54147
97a8ff4e4ac9 killed most "no_atp", to make Sledgehammer more complete
blanchet
parents: 53374
diff changeset
  1125
lemma divide_eq_eq_1 [simp]:
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
  1126
  "(b/a = 1) = ((a \<noteq> 0 & a = b))"
16775
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
  1127
by (auto simp add: divide_eq_eq)
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
  1128
14294
f4d806fd72ce absolute value theorems moved to HOL/Ring_and_Field
paulson
parents: 14293
diff changeset
  1129
lemma abs_inverse [simp]:
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
  1130
     "\<bar>inverse a\<bar> =
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
  1131
      inverse \<bar>a\<bar>"
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
  1132
apply (cases "a=0", simp)
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
  1133
apply (simp add: nonzero_abs_inverse)
14294
f4d806fd72ce absolute value theorems moved to HOL/Ring_and_Field
paulson
parents: 14293
diff changeset
  1134
done
f4d806fd72ce absolute value theorems moved to HOL/Ring_and_Field
paulson
parents: 14293
diff changeset
  1135
15234
ec91a90c604e simplification tweaks for better arithmetic reasoning
paulson
parents: 15229
diff changeset
  1136
lemma abs_divide [simp]:
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
  1137
     "\<bar>a / b\<bar> = \<bar>a\<bar> / \<bar>b\<bar>"
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
  1138
apply (cases "b=0", simp)
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
  1139
apply (simp add: nonzero_abs_divide)
14294
f4d806fd72ce absolute value theorems moved to HOL/Ring_and_Field
paulson
parents: 14293
diff changeset
  1140
done
f4d806fd72ce absolute value theorems moved to HOL/Ring_and_Field
paulson
parents: 14293
diff changeset
  1141
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
  1142
lemma abs_div_pos: "0 < y ==>
36301
72f4d079ebf8 more localization; factored out lemmas for division_ring
haftmann
parents: 35828
diff changeset
  1143
    \<bar>x\<bar> / y = \<bar>x / y\<bar>"
25304
7491c00f0915 removed subclass edge ordered_ring < lordered_ring
haftmann
parents: 25267
diff changeset
  1144
  apply (subst abs_divide)
7491c00f0915 removed subclass edge ordered_ring < lordered_ring
haftmann
parents: 25267
diff changeset
  1145
  apply (simp add: order_less_imp_le)
7491c00f0915 removed subclass edge ordered_ring < lordered_ring
haftmann
parents: 25267
diff changeset
  1146
done
16775
c1b87ef4a1c3 added lemmas to OrderedGroup.thy (reasoning about signs, absolute value, triangle inequalities)
avigad
parents: 16568
diff changeset
  1147
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
  1148
lemma zero_le_divide_abs_iff [simp]: "(0 \<le> a / abs b) = (0 \<le> a | b = 0)"
55718
34618f031ba9 A few lemmas about summations, etc.
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 54230
diff changeset
  1149
by (auto simp: zero_le_divide_iff)
34618f031ba9 A few lemmas about summations, etc.
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 54230
diff changeset
  1150
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
  1151
lemma divide_le_0_abs_iff [simp]: "(a / abs b \<le> 0) = (a \<le> 0 | b = 0)"
55718
34618f031ba9 A few lemmas about summations, etc.
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 54230
diff changeset
  1152
by (auto simp: divide_le_0_iff)
34618f031ba9 A few lemmas about summations, etc.
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 54230
diff changeset
  1153
35579
cc9a5a0ab5ea Add dense_le, dense_le_bounded, field_le_mult_one_interval.
hoelzl
parents: 35216
diff changeset
  1154
lemma field_le_mult_one_interval:
cc9a5a0ab5ea Add dense_le, dense_le_bounded, field_le_mult_one_interval.
hoelzl
parents: 35216
diff changeset
  1155
  assumes *: "\<And>z. \<lbrakk> 0 < z ; z < 1 \<rbrakk> \<Longrightarrow> z * x \<le> y"
cc9a5a0ab5ea Add dense_le, dense_le_bounded, field_le_mult_one_interval.
hoelzl
parents: 35216
diff changeset
  1156
  shows "x \<le> y"
cc9a5a0ab5ea Add dense_le, dense_le_bounded, field_le_mult_one_interval.
hoelzl
parents: 35216
diff changeset
  1157
proof (cases "0 < x")
cc9a5a0ab5ea Add dense_le, dense_le_bounded, field_le_mult_one_interval.
hoelzl
parents: 35216
diff changeset
  1158
  assume "0 < x"
cc9a5a0ab5ea Add dense_le, dense_le_bounded, field_le_mult_one_interval.
hoelzl
parents: 35216
diff changeset
  1159
  thus ?thesis
cc9a5a0ab5ea Add dense_le, dense_le_bounded, field_le_mult_one_interval.
hoelzl
parents: 35216
diff changeset
  1160
    using dense_le_bounded[of 0 1 "y/x"] *
60758
d8d85a8172b5 isabelle update_cartouches;
wenzelm
parents: 60690
diff changeset
  1161
    unfolding le_divide_eq if_P[OF \<open>0 < x\<close>] by simp
35579
cc9a5a0ab5ea Add dense_le, dense_le_bounded, field_le_mult_one_interval.
hoelzl
parents: 35216
diff changeset
  1162
next
cc9a5a0ab5ea Add dense_le, dense_le_bounded, field_le_mult_one_interval.
hoelzl
parents: 35216
diff changeset
  1163
  assume "\<not>0 < x" hence "x \<le> 0" by simp
61076
bdc1e2f0a86a eliminated \<Colon>;
wenzelm
parents: 60758
diff changeset
  1164
  obtain s::'a where s: "0 < s" "s < 1" using dense[of 0 "1::'a"] by auto
60758
d8d85a8172b5 isabelle update_cartouches;
wenzelm
parents: 60690
diff changeset
  1165
  hence "x \<le> s * x" using mult_le_cancel_right[of 1 x s] \<open>x \<le> 0\<close> by auto
35579
cc9a5a0ab5ea Add dense_le, dense_le_bounded, field_le_mult_one_interval.
hoelzl
parents: 35216
diff changeset
  1166
  also note *[OF s]
cc9a5a0ab5ea Add dense_le, dense_le_bounded, field_le_mult_one_interval.
hoelzl
parents: 35216
diff changeset
  1167
  finally show ?thesis .
cc9a5a0ab5ea Add dense_le, dense_le_bounded, field_le_mult_one_interval.
hoelzl
parents: 35216
diff changeset
  1168
qed
35090
88cc65ae046e moved lemma field_le_epsilon from Real.thy to Fields.thy
haftmann
parents: 35084
diff changeset
  1169
36409
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
  1170
end
d323e7773aa8 use new classes (linordered_)field_inverse_zero
haftmann
parents: 36348
diff changeset
  1171
59557
ebd8ecacfba6 establish unique preferred fact names
haftmann
parents: 59546
diff changeset
  1172
hide_fact (open) field_inverse field_divide_inverse field_inverse_zero
ebd8ecacfba6 establish unique preferred fact names
haftmann
parents: 59546
diff changeset
  1173
52435
6646bb548c6b migration from code_(const|type|class|instance) to code_printing and from code_module to code_identifier
haftmann
parents: 44921
diff changeset
  1174
code_identifier
6646bb548c6b migration from code_(const|type|class|instance) to code_printing and from code_module to code_identifier
haftmann
parents: 44921
diff changeset
  1175
  code_module Fields \<rightharpoonup> (SML) Arith and (OCaml) Arith and (Haskell) Arith
59667
651ea265d568 Removal of the file HOL/Number_Theory/Binomial!! And class field_char_0 now declared in Int.thy
paulson <lp15@cam.ac.uk>
parents: 59557
diff changeset
  1176
14265
95b42e69436c HOL: installation of Ring_and_Field as the basis for Naturals and Reals
paulson
parents:
diff changeset
  1177
end